CN110961083B - 一种亲水性壳聚糖整体材料及其制备和应用 - Google Patents

一种亲水性壳聚糖整体材料及其制备和应用 Download PDF

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CN110961083B
CN110961083B CN201811148050.9A CN201811148050A CN110961083B CN 110961083 B CN110961083 B CN 110961083B CN 201811148050 A CN201811148050 A CN 201811148050A CN 110961083 B CN110961083 B CN 110961083B
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欧俊杰
张路伟
马淑娟
叶明亮
于之渊
姜利
孙传盛
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Weigao Holding Co ltd
Weihai Weigao Life Science & Technology Co ltd
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Weihai Weigao Life Science & Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种冷冻干燥法(freeze‑drying)制备壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料及其应用。具体制备过程是以壳聚糖为单体、以聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚为交联剂、以乙酸溶液为溶剂,通过冷冻干燥法制备成壳聚糖亲水整体材料。本发明所述的整体材料成本低廉绿色环保,对复杂样品中的糖肽具有良好的特异性吸附效果,在糖蛋白质组学研究中具有较强的应用潜力。

Description

一种亲水性壳聚糖整体材料及其制备和应用
技术领域
本发明属于糖蛋白组学领域,具体涉及一种冷冻干燥法制备壳聚糖亲水性整体材料的制备和应用,该亲水性整体材料可用于标准蛋白质和复杂生物样品中糖肽的亲水色谱富集。
背景技术
蛋白质糖基化是最重要的翻译后修饰之一,蛋白质糖基化是指蛋白质在酶的作用下被连接上糖链的过程,在很多重要的生物学过程中起着关键的调节作用(文献1.Helenius et.al“Intracellular functions of N-linked glycans”.Science,2001,291:2364-2369.)。蛋白质的糖基化极大地增加了蛋白质的多样性和复杂性,也赋予了糖蛋白更多的生物学功能和更重要的生物学意义。糖基化异常与人类多种疾病密切相关(文献2.Couldrey et.al“Metastases:the glycan connection”Breast Cancer Research,2000,2:321-323.文献3.Drake et.al“Sweetening the pot:adding glycosylation tothe biomarker discovery equation”Clinical Chemistry,2010,56:223-236.),因此糖蛋白的分析和鉴定对疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要指导意义(文献4.Kolarich et.al“Determination of site-specific glycan heterogeneity on glycoproteins”NatProtoc,2012,7:1285-1298.)。虽然目前的蛋白质组学技术已经很容易实现大规模地鉴定蛋白质,但从复杂样品中直接分析糖蛋白仍然困难。由于糖肽在总肽段混合物中占的比率很低(2-5%),糖肽的信号强度一般较非糖肽更低,容易被非糖肽抑制,而且糖基化位点上的糖链结构具有较基因和蛋白质更高的多样性。因此在研究糖蛋白质组时,对糖肽进行高选择性富集非常必要。目前,常见的富集方法主要有亲水作用色谱法(HILIC)、凝集素亲和色谱法、肼化学法和硼酸亲和色谱法。
HILIC是使用极性固定相和以水-水溶性有机溶剂的混合物为流动相的弱极性流动相的正相色谱(文献5.Alpert et.al“Hydrophilic-interaction chromatography forthe separation of peptides,nucleic acids and other polar compounds”Journal ofChromatography A,1990,499:177-196.)。在分离过程中,分析物中的亲水成分会富集在固定相周围的富水层中,而疏水成分则留在流动相中。HILIC富集糖肽是利用糖肽相对于非糖肽更强的亲水性而容易被保留在极性固定相上。目前,许多HILIC材料已被成功应用于糖蛋白组学领域。
发明内容
本发明采用冷冻干燥法以稀乙酸为溶剂,壳聚糖为原料,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚为交联剂,真空冷冻干燥后得到壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料,再通过加热交联使材料无法在1%TFA乙腈水溶液中溶解。
所述整体材料通过冷冻干燥法制备,通过聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚,其结构为蜂窝状的疏松整块材料,其孔隙率按
Figure BDA0001817266820000021
计算得所制备材料的孔隙率在95%以上,孔径经SEM扫描电镜观察5-20um。
具体包括如下内容:
配制含有壳聚糖和聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚的稀乙酸溶液,将混合溶液超声除去气泡后置于液氮(-196℃)中冷冻,充分冷冻后经真空冷冻干燥机制备成壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料,再将所得整体材料置于烘箱中加热使之交联。
上述反应中壳聚糖的质量百分数为80%~95%,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚质量百分数为20%~5%。
所述真空冷冻干燥温度为-50℃,真空干燥时间为24~48小时,交联反应温度为25~80℃(优选60-80℃),反应时间为8~12小时。
(1)采用冷冻干燥法直接制备大孔整体材料,操作简单;
(2)以水作溶剂,无毒,环保。
本发明是以壳聚糖为单体、以聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚为交联剂、以乙酸溶液为溶剂,通过冷冻干燥法制备成壳聚糖亲水整体材料。本发明所述的整体材料成本低廉绿色环保,对复杂样品中的糖肽具有良好的特异性吸附效果,在糖蛋白质组学研究中具有较强的应用潜力。
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附图说明
图1壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料制备示意图。
图2壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料SEM扫描电镜图片。从图中可以看出所制备的整体材料为蜂窝状的整体材料。
图3壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料接触角。从图中可以看出所制备的整体材料接触角为40.6°,说明该整体材料具有亲水性。
图4未经富集的IgG酶解液MALDI-TOF/MS谱图,分子量2000以内的非糖肽丰度很高,而糖肽丰度很低。
图5无BSA干扰的IgG酶解液富集后MALDI-TOF/MS谱图。通过壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从10μg IgG的酶解液中富集到的肽段MALDI-TOF/MS谱图。
图6 BSA酶解液干扰的IgG酶解液富集后MALDI-TOF/MS谱图。通过壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从100μg BSA的酶解液与10μg IgG的酶解液混合物中富集到的肽段MALDI-TOF/MS谱图。
图7壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的糖基化位点韦恩图。
图8壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的糖蛋白韦恩图。
图9壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的N-糖肽韦恩图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将100mg壳聚糖溶于10mL 1%乙酸溶液中,再加入5mg聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(Mn=500,CAS:72207-80-8),将混合溶液超声1小时,再将混合溶液倒入铝箔制成的容器中,慢慢与液氮接触直至完全冷冻,将所得固体置于真空冷冻干燥机中-50℃真空干燥24小时,再将所得整体材料置于烘箱中80℃加热过夜,得到在亲水色谱法富集糖肽时使用的淋洗液及洗脱液(含1%TFA的乙腈水溶液)中不溶解的壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料,经SEM扫描电镜观察所形成的材料为孔径约10um的蜂窝状材料。
所制备的整体材料通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF/MS)分析,从10μg人血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)的酶解液中共至少鉴定出30条典型的N-糖肽。从100μg牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的酶解液干扰的10μg IgG的酶解液中共鉴定到28条典型的N-糖肽。
表1壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从10μg IgG的酶解液中富集到的N-糖肽糖型。
表2壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从100μg BSA的酶解液与10μg IgG的酶解液混合物中富集到的N-糖肽糖型。这些结果表明壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料对糖肽具有良好的特异性富集能力。
实施例2
使用所制备的整体材料通过组合型四极杆Orbitrap质谱仪(QExactive)分析,从2uL人血清酶解液中共鉴定出270个糖基化位点和来自146个糖蛋白的400个N-糖肽。效果超过文献中报道的从2uL人血清酶解液中鉴定到来自104个糖蛋白的194个N-糖肽(文献6.Heet.al“High Strength and Hydrophilic Chitosan Microspheres for the SelectiveEnrichment of N-Glycopeptides”ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY,2017,89(18):9712-9721.)。
图7壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的糖基化位点韦恩图。
图8壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的糖蛋白韦恩图。
图9壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料从2uL IgG人血清酶解液中鉴定出的N-糖肽韦恩图。
表1
Figure BDA0001817266820000041
表2
Figure BDA0001817266820000051

Claims (3)

1.一种亲水性壳聚糖整体材料的应用,其特征在于:所制备的亲水大孔整体材料应用于生物样品中糖肽的富集,是以壳聚糖作原料通过聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚交联而成;
所述整体材料通过冷冻干燥法制备,通过聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚交联,其结构为蜂窝状的疏松整块材料,其孔隙率按
Figure 679318DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
计算得所制备材料的孔隙率在95%以上,孔径经SEM扫描电镜观察为5-20μm;
所述整体材料通过冷冻干燥法制备,冷冻干燥法的具体过程为:配制含有壳聚糖和聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚的质量浓度1-2%稀乙酸溶液,将混合溶液超声除去气泡后,将混合溶液倒入铝箔制成的容器中,慢慢与液氮接触直至完全冷冻,经真空冷冻干燥机制备成壳聚糖亲水大孔整体材料,再将整体材料置于烘箱中加热使之交联。
2.按照权利要求1所述整体材料的应用,其特征在于:
(1)富集糖肽过程中材料为整块凝胶状,富集过程简单无需离心等操作;
(2)所制备得到的整体材料通过外形图像分析方法测得接触角40.6°,具有良好的亲水性。
3.按照权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:壳聚糖的质量百分数为80%~95%,聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚质量百分数为20%~5%;真空冷冻干燥温度为-50℃,真空干燥时间为24~48小时;交联反应温度为25~80℃,反应时间为8~12小时。
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