CN110958816A - Air-cooled phase change cooling method and cooling device for data center and machine room - Google Patents
Air-cooled phase change cooling method and cooling device for data center and machine room Download PDFInfo
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- CN110958816A CN110958816A CN201911254343.XA CN201911254343A CN110958816A CN 110958816 A CN110958816 A CN 110958816A CN 201911254343 A CN201911254343 A CN 201911254343A CN 110958816 A CN110958816 A CN 110958816A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20827—Liquid cooling with phase change within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. air conditioning devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20718—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
- H05K7/20745—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. by air conditioning device
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- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air-cooled phase change cooling method and device for a data center and a machine room, which comprises an internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly, an external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly is connected with the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly through a steam exhaust pipe, a liquid working medium of the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly absorbs internal hot air and then is evaporated into a vapor working medium, and the vapor working medium enters the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly through the steam exhaust pipe; the external air-cooled heat dissipation component is connected with the internal air-cooled heat absorption component through a liquid inlet pipe; the vapor working medium entering the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly is condensed into liquid working medium in the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, enters the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly through the liquid inlet pipe under the action of gravity, and continuously exchanges heat with the internal hot air flow. The internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly and the external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly of the air-cooling phase change cooling device can adopt a multi-group combination form. The invention has low requirement on the quality of a cold source, has no energy loss in circulation, and can better embody the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air-cooled phase change cooling method and a cooling device for a data center and a machine room.
Background
The energy consumption problem of China is increasingly prominent when the China becomes a large communication country, the energy consumption of the communication industry accounts for 20% -30% of the energy consumption of the whole industry, and the energy consumption is in a trend of increasing every year due to the development of communication technologies and communication service volumes.
The development of the data center industry shows the trend towards large-scale, centralized, green and reasonable layout. National requirements for data centers: in 2020, the energy-saving and emission-reducing technology is comprehensively applied to the information communication network, and old communication equipment with high energy consumption is basically eliminated; the telecommunication infrastructure co-construction sharing is comprehensively promoted, the communication energy consumption is basically comparable to the international advanced level, and the comprehensive energy consumption of the unit telecommunication service total amount is reduced by 10 percent compared with that of the unit telecommunication service total amount at the end of 2015. The energy consumption efficiency (PUE) value of a newly built large-scale and ultra-large-scale data center is below 1.4.
The temperature control technology of the data center and the machine room at the present stage mainly cools through an air conditioner, the air conditioner is complex in structure, the cost and the use energy consumption are large, especially the energy consumption, the energy consumption of the air conditioner is usually one half of the input power of equipment, the energy consumption accounts for a large proportion, and the air conditioner does not work when the base station is in alternating current power failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air-cooled phase change cooling method for a data center and a machine room, which is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the air-cooled phase change cooling method for the data center and the machine room comprises the steps of carrying out forced circulation on air in the data center and the machine room, carrying out heat exchange on high-temperature air and low-temperature liquid working media in the circulation process, transmitting self heat to the liquid working media by the high-temperature air, cooling the high-temperature air, absorbing the heat of the high-temperature air by the liquid working media, vaporizing part of the liquid working media, converting the vaporized working media into vaporous working media, carrying out heat exchange on the vaporous working media and external cold air, condensing the vaporous working media into the liquid working media after transmitting the heat to the external cold air, and returning the liquid working media to the data center and the machine room.
The invention also provides an air-cooled phase change cooling device for the data center and the machine room, which comprises an internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly, an external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly is connected with the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly through a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the liquid working medium of the internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly absorbs hot air in the data center and the machine room for heat exchange, the liquid working medium is evaporated into a vapor working medium after heat absorption, and the vapor working medium enters the external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly through the exhaust pipe; the vapor working medium entering the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly is condensed into liquid working medium in the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, enters the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly through the liquid inlet pipe under the action of gravity, and continuously exchanges heat with hot air in the data center and the machine room.
Furthermore, the internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly and the external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly respectively comprise an evaporator, a fan and a fan cover; the air inlet of the evaporator is provided with a fan for introducing hot air in the data center and the machine room into the evaporator; a fan cover is arranged at the air inlet side of the evaporator; the fan is arranged at the end part of the fan cover.
Furthermore, the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly also comprises a water dropping pipe and a water distributor.
Furthermore, the phase change cooling device also comprises a temperature detection device, a controller and a standby system; when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature in the data center and the machine room exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the standby system to start.
Furthermore, an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly is arranged at one side of the data center or the mobile machine room, and a fan performs forced circulation on internal air; the circulating air circulates in the evaporator and transfers heat to the working medium through the partition wall, and after the working medium absorbs heat, part of the working medium is vaporized and flows to the external cooler along the pipeline.
Furthermore, an underground passage is arranged in the data center, the fan of the internal air cooling heat absorption assembly conveys the cooling capacity to the lower part of the data center through the underground passage to enter the data center, and the inside of the data center is cooled through an air channel of the data center.
Furthermore, a back plate is arranged inside the data center, an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly is arranged on the back plate, and a working medium pipe network is adopted to directly transmit heat to an external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly.
Furthermore, an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly is arranged at the top of the data center, and a fan performs forced circulation on internal air; the circulating air circulates in the evaporator and transfers heat to the working medium through the partition wall, and after the working medium absorbs heat, part of the working medium is vaporized and flows to the external cooler along the pipeline.
Further, the evaporator can be installed at any angle.
Furthermore, the installation form and the installation quantity can meet the use requirement through free combination.
Further, the evaporator and the condenser can be both plate-fin heat exchangers or tube-fin heat exchangers.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention utilizes the external environment cold source to cool the data center and the machine room, has low requirement on the quality of the cold source, has no energy loss in circulation, and can embody the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction.
2) According to the invention, the hot fluid of the internal cooler transfers heat to the working medium through the dividing wall, part of the working medium is changed into steam after the working medium absorbs the heat, the working medium steam flows to the condensation end along the pipeline due to pressure difference and exchanges heat with the cold fluid on the outer side of the external cooler, the working medium subjected to heat exchange and condensation is changed into liquid, and the gravity flows back to the evaporation end along the pipeline, so that the heat is continuously transferred from the hot fluid to the cold fluid without power, and the purpose of cooling the system is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air-cooled phase change cooling device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a room cooling apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a schematic of room level cooling.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of room level cooling.
Fig. 6 is an interline cooling concentrated air cooling diagram.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of intercolumn cooling concentrated air cooling.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet-level cooling backplane scheme.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cabinet-level cooling backplane scheme.
Detailed Description
All heat of the existing data center and the machine room needs to be cooled by an air conditioner, and the invention adopts a water-cooling type phase-change cooling device for cooling.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air-cooled phase change cooling device for a mobile machine room according to the present invention comprises an internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly 1, an external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly 2, a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly 1, the liquid inlet pipe, the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly 2 and the steam exhaust pipe are sequentially connected to form a circulation loop. The internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly 1 is connected with the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly 2 through a steam exhaust pipe, the liquid working medium of the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly 1 absorbs hot air in the mobile machine room for heat exchange, the heat is absorbed and then evaporated into a vapor working medium, and the vapor working medium enters the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly through the steam exhaust pipe. The external air-cooled heat dissipation component 2 is connected with the internal air-cooled heat absorption component 1 through a liquid inlet pipe; the vapor working medium entering the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly is condensed into liquid working medium in the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, enters the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly through the liquid inlet pipe, and continuously exchanges heat with hot air flow in the mobile machine room.
The internal air-cooled heat absorption component and the external air-cooled heat dissipation component have the same structure and comprise an evaporator 11, a fan 12 and a fan cover 13; the air inlet of the evaporator 11 is provided with a fan 13 for introducing hot air flow in the mobile machine room into the evaporator; a fan cover 12 is arranged at the air inlet side of the evaporator; the fan 13 is disposed at an end of the hood 12. The evaporator and the condenser can be both plate-fin heat exchangers or tube-fin heat exchangers.
The cooling system of the data center is divided into chip-level cooling, cabinet-level cooling, inter-row-level cooling and room-level cooling. The heat pipe technology is applied to a small range, namely, the phase-change cooling technology is used for chip-level cooling, and the details are not repeated. The proposed solution for the other three stages of cooling is as follows:
1) room level cooling scheme
The room-level cooling device is generally located at one side of a machine room or a data center, is far away from IT equipment, and has a long air supply distance, so that certain energy loss is caused, and the set point of a working condition is lower than that of a row level. The return air temperature is generally set to 24 ℃ and is applied to cooling of the low-density area.
The phase change cooling scheme of the present invention is shown in fig. 3 and 4, and the phase change cooling device is similar in principle to a mobile machine room.
The room-level cooling scheme is suitable for a machine room or a data center with low heat flux density, and can also be used as a supplement for inter-row level cooling.
2) Inter-row stage cooling scheme
The return air temperature of the row-level air conditioner has no unified standard at present, and is generally 35-38 ℃. For cooling, natural cooling will meet the cooling requirements of any operating condition throughout the year.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a common lower ventilation structure is adopted, and a fan conveys cold energy to the lower part of a data center through an underground passage to enter the data center, and the purpose of cooling the inside of the data center is achieved through an air duct of the data center.
The scheme belongs to a form of adopting a closed hot channel, basically has no influence on the external environment of the data center, and avoids the waste of cold quantity.
3) Cabinet level cooling scheme
The invention provides the following scheme for cooling the cabinet level, as shown in figures 7 and 8, the scheme of standard distribution of a back plate in a data center is adopted, a working medium pipe network is adopted, heat is directly transferred to an external water cooler, the distance from a heat source is closer, and the energy conservation is more obvious.
For a data room without a cooling back plate, the scheme shown in fig. 9 can also be adopted for cooling, an internal cooling assembly is arranged at the top of the data center, and a fan performs forced circulation on internal air; the circulating air circulates in the evaporator and transfers heat to the working medium through the partition wall, and after the working medium absorbs heat, part of the working medium is vaporized and flows to the external cooler along the pipeline.
Aiming at a data center, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a. for a data machine room with small heat current density, such as a power distribution room, a water-cooling room-level phase change cooling device is adopted, and an air-cooling phase change cooling device is used as a spare device;
b. for a low-power data machine room, a room-level phase change cooling device is adopted, and a room-level air-cooled phase change cooling device is used as a spare device;
c. for a high-power data room, cabinet-level cooling is adopted, and air-cooled cabinet-level cooling is used as standby.
As shown in fig. 1, the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly of the present invention may also adopt forced air cooling and water dripping cooling technologies, and further includes a water dripping pipe 15 and a water distributor 14; a water distributor is arranged at one side of the condenser, and the water distributor 14 is connected with a water dropping pipe 15. The expected water usage is 4m3In one day, tap water can be adopted, and a water well mode can be adopted (tap water is adopted in office buildings, and a water well is adopted in the field).
The use requirement can be met by adopting air cooling in winter. For water-deficient areas or urban office areas, cold water pipes can be arranged in the double-dot-line area on the upper drawing, and air-cooling operation can be realized all the year round. Adopting cold air for cooling in winter; in spring and autumn, evaporative cooling supplement is adopted; at the highest temperature in summer, the chiller produces cold water as supplemental cooling.
The invention has the following advantages for the cooling applied to the data center:
1) reliability of
The phase change cooling part of the invention adopts gravity backflow, has no driving equipment, has simple and reliable system, convenient use and maintenance, even can be free of maintenance, and has high reliability.
2) Environmental comfort
The invention mostly adopts a form of sealing a hot channel, the outside of the hot channel is at cold environment temperature, and the comfort is good for operation and maintenance personnel of a data center.
3) Long service life
Because the system is simple and has no rotating load part, the service life of the phase change cooling device can generally reach more than 10 years, even more than 20 years.
4) Energy saving effect
The phase change cooling technology can enable the cooler to be closer to a heat source, and the phase change cooling technology is a technical scheme which is green, energy-saving and subversive because the passive mode is adopted for heat transfer inside phase change.
The phase change cooling device also comprises a temperature detection device, a controller and a standby system; when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature in the data center and the machine room exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the standby system to start.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention as claimed are all described in the technical claims.
Claims (12)
1. An air-cooled phase change cooling method for a data center and a machine room is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of carrying out forced circulation on air in a data center and a machine room, wherein in the circulation process, high-temperature air exchanges heat with low-temperature liquid working medium, the high-temperature air transmits self heat to the liquid working medium, the high-temperature air is cooled, the liquid working medium absorbs the heat of the high-temperature air, part of the liquid working medium is vaporized and converted into vapor working medium, the vapor working medium exchanges heat with external cold air, the vapor working medium transmits the heat to the external cold air and then is condensed into the liquid working medium, and the liquid working medium returns to the data center and exchanges heat with the internal high-temperature air in.
2. A cooling device adopting an air-cooled phase change cooling method of a data center and a machine room is characterized in that: the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating device comprises an internal air-cooling heat-absorbing component, an external air-cooling heat-dissipating component, a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly is connected with the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly through a liquid inlet pipe and a steam exhaust pipe; the liquid working medium of the internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly absorbs hot air in the data center and the machine room for heat exchange, the liquid working medium is evaporated into a vapor working medium after heat absorption, and the vapor working medium enters the external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly through the exhaust pipe; the vapor working medium entering the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly is condensed into liquid working medium in the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly, enters the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly through the liquid inlet pipe under the action of gravity, and continuously exchanges heat with hot air in the data center and the machine room.
3. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the internal air-cooled heat absorption assembly and the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly respectively comprise an evaporator, a fan and a fan cover; the air inlet of the evaporator is provided with a fan for introducing hot air in the data center and the machine room into the evaporator; a fan cover is arranged at the air inlet side of the evaporator; the fan is arranged at the end part of the fan cover.
4. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the external air-cooled heat dissipation assembly further comprises a water dropping pipe and a water distributor.
5. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the phase change cooling device also comprises a temperature detection device, a controller and a standby system; when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature in the data center and the machine room exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the standby system to start.
6. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly is arranged at one side of the data center or the mobile machine room, and a fan performs forced circulation on internal air; the circulating air circulates in the evaporator and transfers heat to the working medium through the partition wall, and after the working medium absorbs heat, part of the working medium is vaporized and flows to the external cooler along the pipeline.
7. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 2, wherein: an underground passage is arranged in the data center, a fan of the internal air cooling heat absorption assembly conveys cooling capacity to the lower part of the data center through the underground passage to enter the data center, and the inside of the data center is cooled through an air channel of the data center.
8. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a back plate is arranged in the data center, an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly is arranged on the back plate, and a working medium pipe network is adopted to directly transmit heat to an external air-cooling heat dissipation assembly.
9. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top of the data center is provided with an internal air-cooling heat absorption assembly, and a fan performs forced circulation on internal air; the circulating air circulates in the evaporator and transfers heat to the working medium through the partition wall, and after the working medium absorbs heat, part of the working medium is vaporized and flows to the external cooler along the pipeline.
10. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the evaporator can be installed at any angle.
11. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 10, wherein: the installation form and the installation quantity can meet the use requirement through free combination.
12. The air-cooled phase-change cooling device for the data center and the machine room as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the evaporator and the condenser can be both plate-fin heat exchangers or tube-fin heat exchangers.
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| CN201911254343.XA CN110958816A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Air-cooled phase change cooling method and cooling device for data center and machine room |
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| CN201911254343.XA CN110958816A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Air-cooled phase change cooling method and cooling device for data center and machine room |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117369600A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-01-09 | 北京盟创科技有限公司 | Computer storage device with heat dissipation function |
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Application publication date: 20200403 |