CN110957829A - Momentum wheel motor of static magnetic field - Google Patents
Momentum wheel motor of static magnetic field Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110957829A CN110957829A CN201911160972.6A CN201911160972A CN110957829A CN 110957829 A CN110957829 A CN 110957829A CN 201911160972 A CN201911160972 A CN 201911160972A CN 110957829 A CN110957829 A CN 110957829A
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- Prior art keywords
- motor
- momentum wheel
- rotor
- magnetic field
- armature cup
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
Abstract
The invention provides a momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field, which comprises a shell assembly, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly; the shell assembly is provided with a cavity structure consisting of a motor front end cover and a motor shell; the rotor assembly comprises a motor rotor, an inner yoke, an outer yoke and magnetic steel; the motor rotor is provided with a shaft section and a momentum wheel section which is positioned in the cavity structure of the shell assembly; the momentum wheel section is provided with an annular groove, the annular inner yoke is bonded on the surface of an inner ring of the annular groove, the annular outer yoke is bonded on the surface of an outer ring of the annular groove, and the magnetic steel is bonded on the inner side surface of the outer yoke; a space for accommodating the armature cup is arranged between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke; the stator component comprises an armature cup, a Hall sensor and an armature cup framework; the armature cup framework is fixed inside the motor shell; the Hall sensor and the armature cup are fixed on the armature cup framework and are positioned in the space between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke. The motor rotor meets the requirement of rotational inertia, and simultaneously can reduce loss and torque fluctuation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromechanics, and particularly relates to a momentum wheel motor with a static magnetic field structure.
Background
Momentum wheel motor wide application is in the aerospace field, and it relies on its great inertia of rotation to help the satellite to adjust the gesture fast under vacuum environment, and its current structural style has two kinds:
1. the tooth-socket type direct current brushless motor is externally connected with a driving flywheel body to increase the rotational inertia, is fixedly connected with a satellite through a shell, provides reaction torque by means of variable speed rotation to realize attitude control, and the momentum wheel motor structure with the structure is widely applied to various microsatellites;
2. the novel momentum wheel motor still mainly adopts a tooth-slot type direct current brushless direct current motor structure, only the size of a rotor is made large, the conventional design method of the traditional direct current brushless motor is broken through, the requirement of large rotational inertia index is directly met, an external flywheel body is omitted, and the whole structure is similar to a torque motor form.
The first scheme is successfully applied to various microsatellites and has a simple structure; the second scheme is also gradually applied to the microsatellite, and on the premise of consistent rotational inertia requirements, the weight is reduced by removing the flywheel body, and the design and processing difficulty of the flywheel body caused by dynamic balance limitation is eliminated. The motor scheme described in patent application No. CN201410402241.9 entitled "Integrated momentum wheel Motor for spacecraft and manufacturing method thereof" is of the type.
The first solution has problems: the dynamic processing precision of the external flywheel body is not enough, the external flywheel body is not ideal to be installed with a motor, so that the whole dynamic and static balance is poor, and even satellite jitter is influenced, so that the machining difficulty caused by the scheme is very high; meanwhile, the torque fluctuation caused by the structure of the tooth space motor is large, so that the capability of the momentum wheel motor in a high-precision working condition is restricted, and the torque fluctuation is more obvious particularly at a high rotating speed; in addition, the motor is in a high-speed no-load running state, and an internal magnetic field is a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, so that the iron loss is the most main loss of the motor, the heat dissipation condition of the vacuum environment is extremely poor, and the heat generation accumulation of the motor caused by the iron loss is not beneficial to the long-term continuous running of the motor;
in the second scheme, the cogging dc brushless motor is still used, so the problems of torque ripple and iron loss still exist.
The above problem is mainly summarized in 3 aspects:
1. the external flywheel body has high requirements on processing precision and installation precision, so that the process problem is caused;
2. the structure of the tooth-groove direct-current brushless motor has the problem of large torque fluctuation, and the specific reasons comprise static magnetic force, fractional groove windings and other factors;
3. when the tooth space direct current brushless motor rotates, the iron loss caused by the alternating magnetic field is large, and the iron loss is rapidly increased along with the increase of the rotating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field, wherein a motor rotor meets the requirement of rotational inertia, and simultaneously, the loss and the torque fluctuation can be reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the momentum wheel motor of the static magnetic field is characterized in that: the rotor assembly comprises a shell assembly, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly;
the shell assembly is provided with a cavity structure consisting of a motor front end cover and a motor shell; the motor front end cover and the closed end of the motor shell are provided with coaxial through holes, and bearings matched with a motor rotor are installed in the through holes;
the rotor assembly comprises a motor rotor, an inner yoke, an outer yoke and magnetic steel; the motor rotor is provided with a shaft section matched with the bearing of the shell assembly and a momentum wheel section positioned in the cavity structure of the shell assembly; the momentum wheel section is provided with an annular groove, the annular inner yoke is bonded to the inner ring surface of the annular groove, the annular outer yoke is bonded to the outer ring surface of the annular groove, and the magnetic steel is bonded to the inner side surface of the outer yoke; a space for accommodating the armature cup is arranged between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke;
the stator assembly comprises an armature cup, a Hall sensor and an armature cup framework; the armature cup framework is fixed inside the motor shell; the Hall sensor and the armature cup are fixed on the armature cup framework and are positioned in a space between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: the magnetic steel is tile-shaped and uniformly distributed and bonded to the inner circular surface of the outer yoke.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: the magnetic steel is made of samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: the armature cup adopts an inclined winding form and is realized in a line inserting mode with integral pole distance.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: and the Hall sensors are placed at corresponding reversing positions according to the three-phase six-state direct current brushless motor reversing logic.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: the armature cup, the Hall sensor and the armature cup framework form a stator component through an encapsulating process.
In a further preferred aspect, the momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field is characterized in that: the armature cup framework is made of polysulfone bars.
Advantageous effects
The static magnetic field momentum wheel motor structure provided by the invention has the following three remarkable characteristics:
1. the static magnetic field structure eliminates iron loss and is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the motor to the vacuum environment: the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are bonded in the rotor groove, and the relative positions of the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are fixed to form a static magnetic circuit, so that the iron loss of the motor is directly eliminated, the heat productivity of the motor is reduced, and the continuous operation of the motor in a vacuum environment is facilitated;
2. the large inertia of the motor rotor eliminates the machining difficulty of an external flywheel machine: the important index of the momentum wheel motor is the large inertia of the rotor, and as can be seen from figure 1, the bonding of the inner/outer yokes and the magnetic steel in the rotor groove not only can meet the design of an electromagnetic magnetic circuit, but also can make full use of the self weight of the rotor to provide enough rotor inertia; the structure directly avoids the difficulty of adding and installing an external flywheel machine, and the dynamic balance processing is carried out at the later stage of the rotor, so that the precision requirement can be completely met;
3. the static magnetic force and the torque fluctuation of the motor are reduced, so that the momentum wheel motor can run stably: the armature cup adopts an inclined winding form and is implemented in a whole-pole-distance offline mode, interference such as static magnetic force, torque fluctuation and the like of the motor is greatly reduced from a design angle, the momentum wheel motor can run stably, and interference of rotation fluctuation of the motor to satellite attitude control is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1: the structure of the motor is schematic;
wherein: the motor comprises a motor front end cover 1, a motor shell 2, a motor rotor 3, an outer yoke 4, magnetic steel 5, an inner yoke 6, an armature cup 7, an armature cup framework 8 and a Hall sensor 9.
FIG. 2: a rotor assembly position schematic diagram;
FIG. 3: a stator assembly position schematic diagram;
FIG. 4: motor stator-rotor diagram in the embodiment (inverted);
FIG. 5: 8 utmost point 24 groove structure diagrams;
FIG. 6: the whole pole distance is wound in an inclined mode to form a distribution pattern;
FIG. 7: the structural sizes of the stator and the rotor;
FIG. 8: torque ripple curve.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problems of the existing momentum wheel motor, the invention provides a static magnetic field momentum wheel motor structure by referring to a tooth-slot-free direct current brushless motor.
The brush motor has a static magnetic field structure, the inner magnetic yoke, the outer magnetic yoke and the magnetic steel are all adhered on the shell, the air gap part between the inner magnetic yoke and the magnetic steel is used for placing the armature cup rotor to rotate and output torque, compared with the rotating magnetic field structure, the structure has the advantages of small torque coefficient, low motor efficiency and small application field.
However, in the invention, the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are bonded in the groove of the momentum wheel motor rotor, and the armature cup is arranged on the shell, so that the advantages of the structure are fully exerted, and the specific structure is shown in figure 1. The structure is characterized in that:
a. the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are both bonded in a groove of a motor rotor of the momentum wheel, and the relative positions of the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are fixed to form a static magnetic circuit, so that the iron loss of the motor is directly eliminated, the heat productivity of the motor is reduced, and the continuous operation of the motor in a vacuum environment is facilitated;
b. the important index of the momentum wheel motor is the large inertia of the rotor, and as can be seen from figure 1, the bonding of the inner/outer yokes and the magnetic steel in the rotor groove not only can meet the design of an electromagnetic magnetic circuit, but also can make full use of the self weight of the rotor to provide enough rotor inertia; the structure directly avoids the difficulty of adding and installing an external flywheel machine, and the dynamic balance processing is carried out at the later stage of the rotor, so that the precision requirement can be completely met;
c. the armature cup adopts an inclined winding form and is implemented in a whole-pole-distance offline mode, so that the interferences of static magnetic force, torque fluctuation and the like of the motor are greatly reduced from the design angle, and the momentum wheel motor can run stably.
The components and the position relation of the motor are as follows:
the static magnetic field momentum wheel motor mainly comprises a shell assembly, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, and has the following specific functions:
1. a housing assembly: the motor front end cover and the motor shell form a shell component which is a whole machine supporting piece, the shell component is fixedly connected with the stator component through a screw, and the rotor component is axially supported through a bearing;
2. a rotor assembly: the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel are bonded in a groove of the motor rotor to form a rotor assembly, and the inner yoke, the outer yoke and the magnetic steel form a closed magnetic circuit to play a role in conducting the magnetic circuit; the inner yoke and the outer yoke are annular, the inner yoke is bonded on the surface of an inner ring of a groove of the motor rotor, the outer yoke is bonded on the surface of an outer ring of the groove of the motor rotor, so that the circumferential direction is not required during installation, the centers of the inner yoke and the outer yoke are aligned, and the inner yoke and the outer yoke are made of soft magnetic materials. The magnetic steel is tile-shaped magnetic steel, the size and the angle of the tile-shaped magnetic steel are determined according to electromagnetic design, the tile-shaped magnetic steel is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the inner circular surface of the outer yoke, and the magnetic steel can be made of samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron; the motor rotor is designed according to the use requirement and the requirement of adjusting the inertia of the rotor assembly, and generally stainless steel materials are selected.
3. A stator assembly: the armature cup, the Hall sensor and the armature cup framework form a stator component through an encapsulating process. The armature cup adopts an inclined winding whole-pole pitch off-line process, and the specific off-line parameters are based on the electromagnetic design result; the Hall sensor is used for placing a corresponding reversing position according to the reversing logic of the three-phase six-state direct-current brushless motor; the armature cup framework mainly provides a supporting function for the armature cup and the Hall sensor, and is finally fixed with the shell assembly through screws, and polysulfone bars are selected as materials.
The following is a slotless and brushless momentum wheel motor designed according to the motor structure of fig. 1 in the present embodiment, which requires the motor rotor to meet the requirement of rotational inertia, and simultaneously reduces the loss and torque ripple.
1) The structural design of the stator and the rotor of the motor is shown in figure 4;
2) because the requirement of torque fluctuation is met, 8-pole 24-slot (integral slot structure) is selected as the motor slot and the pole number, as shown in fig. 5;
3) the armature cup adopts the inclined winding shown in FIG. 6; the armature cup is used as a key part of electromechanical energy conversion, the winding form, the number of parallel windings, the number of turns and the wire diameter of the armature cup are all influenced by multiple factors, the whole-pole-distance oblique winding armature cup process is adopted, and the stator framework, the armature cup and the Hall sensor form a whole through the potting process and are installed on the momentum wheel shell;
4) the motor rotor rechecks the distribution and electrical performance indexes of the magnetic circuit on the premise of meeting the rotational inertia, and finally determines the structural size of the stator and rotor magnetic circuits as shown in figure 7:
the rotor outer/inner yoke and the magnetic steel form a closed magnetic circuit to play a role in conducting the magnetic circuit; the inner/outer yokes are made of No. 10 steel, and the material has magnetic resistance per se, so that the loss is negligible. The rotor magnetic steel provides air gap magnetic density in a closed magnetic circuit, the high magnetic density enables the mechanical property of the motor to be better, the load capacity to be stronger, but the performance of the motor is also influenced by the temperature and the load of the magnetic circuit, therefore, the saturation state of the magnetic circuit must be rechecked after the motor is simulated to obtain satisfactory mechanical property, and the neodymium iron boron material is finally selected.
5) And a motor stator: the magnetic field sensor comprises a framework, an armature cup and a Hall sensor, and is finally integrated through an encapsulation process.
6) As shown in fig. 8, it can be seen from fig. 8 that the maximum fluctuation of the motor output torque in a certain period of time is 227mNm and the minimum fluctuation is 225mNm when the motor is loaded in the present embodiment, and the torque fluctuation is less than 1%, which is much lower than the torque fluctuation of the cogging motor.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field, characterized by: the rotor assembly comprises a shell assembly, a rotor assembly and a stator assembly;
the shell assembly is provided with a cavity structure consisting of a motor front end cover and a motor shell; the motor front end cover and the closed end of the motor shell are provided with coaxial through holes, and bearings matched with a motor rotor are installed in the through holes;
the rotor assembly comprises a motor rotor, an inner yoke, an outer yoke and magnetic steel; the motor rotor is provided with a shaft section matched with the bearing of the shell assembly and a momentum wheel section positioned in the cavity structure of the shell assembly; the momentum wheel section is provided with an annular groove, the annular inner yoke is bonded to the inner ring surface of the annular groove, the annular outer yoke is bonded to the outer ring surface of the annular groove, and the magnetic steel is bonded to the inner side surface of the outer yoke; a space for accommodating the armature cup is arranged between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke;
the stator assembly comprises an armature cup, a Hall sensor and an armature cup framework; the armature cup framework is fixed inside the motor shell; the Hall sensor and the armature cup are fixed on the armature cup framework and are positioned in a space between the magnetic steel and the inner yoke.
2. A static magnetic field momentum wheel motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic steel is tile-shaped and uniformly distributed and bonded to the inner circular surface of the outer yoke.
3. A static magnetic field momentum wheel motor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the magnetic steel is made of samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron.
4. A momentum wheel motor of a static magnetic field according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the armature cup adopts an inclined winding form and is realized in a line inserting mode with integral pole distance.
5. A static magnetic field momentum wheel motor as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and the Hall sensors are placed at corresponding reversing positions according to the three-phase six-state direct current brushless motor reversing logic.
6. A static magnetic field momentum wheel motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the armature cup, the Hall sensor and the armature cup framework form a stator component through an encapsulating process.
7. A static magnetic field momentum wheel motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the armature cup framework is made of polysulfone bars.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911160972.6A CN110957829A (en) | 2019-11-24 | 2019-11-24 | Momentum wheel motor of static magnetic field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911160972.6A CN110957829A (en) | 2019-11-24 | 2019-11-24 | Momentum wheel motor of static magnetic field |
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| CN110957829A true CN110957829A (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| CN201911160972.6A Pending CN110957829A (en) | 2019-11-24 | 2019-11-24 | Momentum wheel motor of static magnetic field |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113131705A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-16 | 山东大学 | Cup-shaped winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, energy storage flywheel and method |
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| CN207321075U (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-05-04 | 深圳市万至达电机制造有限公司 | A kind of high power density hollow cup permanent magnetic motor |
| CN110350741A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-18 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of multiple stators multiple rotor electric machine system based on flexible PCB winding |
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2019
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Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5583445A (en) * | 1978-12-15 | 1980-06-23 | Sony Corp | Rotor of rotating electric machine |
| US20030020349A1 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-01-30 | Frash Martin W. | Permanent magnet motor assembly having a device and method of reducing parasitic losses |
| CN101640465A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-02-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flywheel motor adopting no-cross one-range winding |
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| CN105207431A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | 上海新跃仪表厂 | Double-magnet double-rotor permanent magnet motor for flywheel |
| CN107431416A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-12-01 | M-链接株式会社 | Including possessing the non iron-core rotating electrical equipment of the stator of cylinder coil and its cooling means |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113131705A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-16 | 山东大学 | Cup-shaped winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, energy storage flywheel and method |
| CN113131705B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2023-04-07 | 山东大学 | Cup-shaped winding permanent magnet synchronous motor, energy storage flywheel and method |
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