CN110954951B - Method for dividing and identifying four-level sequence stratum by using seismic slice - Google Patents
Method for dividing and identifying four-level sequence stratum by using seismic slice Download PDFInfo
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- CN110954951B CN110954951B CN201911162783.2A CN201911162783A CN110954951B CN 110954951 B CN110954951 B CN 110954951B CN 201911162783 A CN201911162783 A CN 201911162783A CN 110954951 B CN110954951 B CN 110954951B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for dividing and identifying a four-level sequence stratum by using seismic slices, which comprises the following steps: 1) performing phase conversion on the seismic data to obtain 90-degree phase seismic data; 2) performing lithology calibration on the 90-degree phase seismic data by using logging data; 3) manufacturing seismic slices by using the calibrated seismic data, wherein the number of slices in a three-level sequence is not less than 20; 4) estimating the sand content of each seismic slice, and obtaining a sand content change curve in a three-level sequence according to the depth sequence of the seismic slices; 5) taking the sand content change curve as a change curve of a quasi-relative reference surface; 6) determining the number of the four-level sequence by using a quasi-relative reference surface change curve; 7) determining the position of a seismic slice on a seismic section at a four-level sequence boundary; 8) four-level sequence stratigraphic interfaces are identified and interpreted on seismic sections. The method solves the problem of seismic partitioning and identification of the four-level sequence stratum caused by the limitation of the seismic vertical resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to a method for dividing and identifying a four-level sequence stratum by using seismic slices.
Background
High-precision sequence stratigraphic division and identification are important contents in the geological research of the stratigraphy and the oil and gas reservoir, and become necessary conventional research work in the oil and gas geological research. The research methods of the stratigraphic division and identification of the sequence layers are different according to different research objects. In open-head studies, the contact relationship between the deposition characteristics and the boundaries of the deposition body is directly identified on the cross-section. The identification method of the sequence stratum of the underground stratum comprises the steps of firstly identifying and dividing the sequence interface from a well point, and then dividing and identifying the sequence stratum among wells by combining the seismic reflection geometrical form on a seismic section under the guidance of a sequence stratum mode. In the division of the three-level sequence and the system domain thereof, the method is simple and practical. However, due to the limitation of the vertical resolution capability of seismic data, higher-level sequence strata, such as four-level sequence strata and five-level sequence strata, have the defects that the sequence stratum interfaces are difficult to effectively identify on a seismic section, even if some interfaces can be identified, the interfaces cannot be determined due to the lack of typical seismic reflection, and the multi-solution of the division and identification of the sequence strata exists. Therefore, for the division and identification of the stratum of the four-level sequence and the five-level sequence, the existing method is difficult to apply, and a simple and practical new method is urgently needed. The method provided by the invention is a method for dividing and identifying the sequence stratum interface by using the seismic slices aiming at the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for dividing and identifying a four-level sequence stratum by using a seismic slice, which is used for solving the problem that the four-level sequence stratum is difficult to effectively divide and identify in conventional seismic data.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
step (1): performing phase conversion on the seismic data to obtain seismic data with a 90-degree phase;
step (2): performing lithology calibration on the 90-degree phase seismic data obtained in the step (1) by using logging data;
and (3): manufacturing seismic slices by using the calibrated seismic data obtained in the step (2), wherein the number of slices in a three-level sequence is not less than 20;
and (4): estimating the sand content of the seismic slices obtained in the step (3) according to the lithological calibration result of the step (2), and arranging the estimated sand content of all seismic slices according to the sequence of the seismic slice position depths from bottom to top to obtain a sand content change curve inside the tertiary sequence;
and (5): taking the sand content change curve obtained in the step (4) as a change curve of a simulated relative reference surface;
and (6): determining the number of the level four sequence of the internal development of the level three sequence by using the quasi-relative reference surface change curve obtained in the step (5), and selecting seismic slices at the stratum boundary of each level four sequence;
and (7): determining the positions of the seismic slices selected in the step (6) on the seismic section one by one according to the slice sequence and the slice intervals, and taking the positions as the positions of the corresponding four-level sequence boundaries on the seismic section;
and (8): and (4) on the seismic section, tracing and explaining the seismic reflection at the four-level sequence boundary determined in the step (7), and completing the seismic identification and explanation of the four-level sequence stratum.
According to the technical scheme, the plane deposition information change indicated by the seismic slice is adopted to reveal the deposition environment evolution, so that the four-level sequence stratum is identified. Compared with the prior art, the method can overcome the problem of four-level sequence seismic identification caused by insufficient seismic vertical resolution.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation of the invention is implemented according to the steps in the invention content, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) performing phase conversion on the seismic data to obtain seismic data with a 90-degree phase;
(2) performing lithology calibration on the 90-degree phase seismic data obtained in the step (1) by using logging data;
(3) manufacturing seismic slices by using the calibrated seismic data obtained in the step (2), wherein the number of slices in a three-level sequence is not less than 20;
(4) estimating the sand content of the seismic slices obtained in the step (3) according to the lithological calibration result of the step (2), and arranging the estimated sand content of all seismic slices according to the sequence of the seismic slice position depths from bottom to top to obtain a sand content change curve inside the tertiary sequence;
(5) taking the sand content change curve obtained in the step (4) as a change curve of a simulated relative reference surface;
(6) determining the number of the level four sequence of the internal development of the level three sequence by using the quasi-relative reference surface change curve obtained in the step (5), and selecting seismic slices at the stratum boundary of each level four sequence;
(7) determining the positions of the seismic slices selected in the step (6) on the seismic section one by one according to the slice sequence and the slice intervals, and taking the positions as the positions of the corresponding four-level sequence boundaries on the seismic section;
(8) and (4) on the seismic section, tracing and explaining the seismic reflection at the four-level sequence boundary determined in the step (7), and completing the seismic identification and explanation of the four-level sequence stratum.
Examples
The research area of the embodiment is located in the south China sea, and the area of the research area is 2000km2Study stratum in Zhujiang groupIn the section of the three-level sequence SQ2, it is difficult to effectively recognize a characteristic reflection structure indicating a four-level sequence inside SQ2 on a seismic section, and the four-level sequence is divided and recognized by the method of the present invention.
(1) Carrying out phase conversion on seismic data of a research area to obtain seismic data of a 90-degree phase;
(2) lithology calibration is carried out on the 90-degree phase seismic data by utilizing the logging data of 40 wells in the research area, and the reflection corresponding sandstone with the relative amplitude value larger than 25 is determined;
(3) performing seismic slicing by using the calibrated seismic data, wherein in the embodiment, the seismic slicing is manufactured by using a stratigraphic slicing method, and 27 seismic slices are manufactured in a three-level sequence SQ 2;
(4) using the ratio of the range area with the numerical value larger than 25 on each seismic slice to the total area of the study area as the sand content estimated value displayed by the seismic slice, and arranging the sand content estimated values of the 27 seismic slices according to the depth from bottom to top to obtain a sand content change curve inside SQ 2;
(5) taking the sand content change curve obtained in the step (4) as a change curve of a simulated relative reference surface;
(6) determining 3 quaternary sequence developing inside the SQ2 according to the quasi-relative reference surface change curve; according to the depth from bottom to top, the interfaces among the three four-level sequence are respectively positioned at the 8 th seismic slice position and the 16 th seismic slice position;
(7) determining the positions of the 8 th seismic slice and the 16 th seismic slice on the seismic section according to the slice sequence and the slice interval;
(8) and identifying and explaining the seismic reflection at the position of the 8 th seismic slice and the 16 th seismic slice on the seismic section, and adding the top surface seismic interpretation and the bottom surface seismic interpretation of the original tertiary sequence stratum SQ2 to complete the seismic identification and interpretation of the 3 quaternary sequence stratums.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (1)
1. A method for dividing and identifying a four-level sequence stratum by using seismic slices is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): performing phase conversion on the seismic data to obtain seismic data with a 90-degree phase;
step (2): performing lithology calibration on the 90-degree phase seismic data obtained in the step (1) by using logging data;
and (3): manufacturing seismic slices by using the calibrated seismic data obtained in the step (2), wherein the number of slices in a three-level sequence is not less than 20;
and (4): estimating the sand content of the seismic slices obtained in the step (3) according to the lithological calibration result of the step (2), and arranging the estimated sand content of all seismic slices according to the sequence of the seismic slice position depths from bottom to top to obtain a sand content change curve inside the tertiary sequence;
and (5): taking the sand content change curve obtained in the step (4) as a change curve of a simulated relative reference surface;
and (6): determining the number of the level four sequence of the internal development of the level three sequence by using the quasi-relative reference surface change curve obtained in the step (5), and selecting seismic slices at the stratum boundary of each level four sequence;
and (7): determining the positions of the seismic slices selected in the step (6) on the seismic section one by one according to the slice sequence and the slice intervals, and taking the positions as the positions of the corresponding four-level sequence stratigraphic boundaries on the seismic section;
and (8): and (4) on the seismic section, tracking and explaining the seismic reflection at the boundary of the four-level sequence stratum determined in the step (7), and completing the seismic identification and explanation of the four-level sequence stratum.
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