CN110954409A - Loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and test method thereof - Google Patents
Loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110954409A CN110954409A CN201911238431.0A CN201911238431A CN110954409A CN 110954409 A CN110954409 A CN 110954409A CN 201911238431 A CN201911238431 A CN 201911238431A CN 110954409 A CN110954409 A CN 110954409A
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- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and a test method thereof, wherein the loading device comprises a large frame, the large frame comprises a loading steel plate, a first force transmission steel pipe, a first support steel plate and a reinforcement steel pipe, a plurality of first force transmission steel pipes are symmetrically fixed on one surface of the loading steel plate to form a claw-shaped structure, the other end of each first force transmission steel pipe is fixedly connected with the first support steel plate, the plate surfaces of the first support steel plates are positioned on the same plane, and the reinforcement steel pipe is connected between the adjacent first force transmission steel pipes; the loading device also comprises a small frame which has the same claw-shaped structure with the large frame, and each first supporting steel plate of the large frame is connected with a small frame. The invention achieves the effect of loading the structure with multi-point synchronous horizontal dynamic load by using one action point, can realize the force or displacement control of the whole-course dynamic loading system, and ensures the feasibility and the accuracy of the test. The loading device is simple in structure and flexible to use, and can simulate the dynamic response of a plurality of point positions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test equipment for buildings, and particularly relates to a loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and a test method thereof.
Background
In recent years, under the condition that the total economic quantity of the nation is greatly improved, the total value and the added value of the building industry in China are continuously increased, the building industry keeps the trend of rapid development, high-rise and super high-rise buildings are massively emerged, high-altitude construction protection equipment is required to be adopted in the construction process of the high-rise and super high-rise buildings, and the most common equipment is scaffolds in various forms. At present, the outer layer protection and isolation device used by most scaffolds is still a dense mesh safety net, namely a green net, the reusability of the outer layer protection and isolation device is poor, the weathering is severe, and the safety of the outer layer protection and isolation device becomes an important problem if the construction period is long. In order to overcome the defects of a dense mesh safety net and meet the control requirements on safety, dust raising and noise in the construction environment and the construction process at the present stage, some other forms of safety protection nets have been used in the building market, more and more building facade protection devices select a punching thin steel plate protection net with better sealing performance, although the punching thin steel plate protection net has the advantages of safety, attractiveness, falling prevention and the like, the punching thin steel plate protection net has a complex structure, large self weight and more sensitive response to wind load, and how to apply uniformly distributed wind load to such test structures in test research is a crucial problem. At present, the dynamic loading of a plate-shaped test structure is mainly realized through an actuator, one actuator can only load one point position, when the test structure needs to be loaded at multiple points, multiple actuators need to be used, the test requirement of simultaneous synchronization of the multiple points cannot be easily met even if multiple identical actuators are used for simultaneously loading the multiple points, and the operation process is troublesome and labor-consuming, large in human factor and low in precision, so that the actual requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects pointed out in the background technology, the invention provides a loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and a test method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the existing dynamic loading device in the background technology can only load one point position, the multipoint simultaneous loading of a plate-shaped test structure cannot be realized by one dynamic loading device, and when a plurality of dynamic loading devices are adopted for carrying out multipoint simultaneous loading, the test requirement of multipoint simultaneous synchronization is difficult to achieve, the operation process is troublesome and labor-consuming, the human factor is large, and the precision is lower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a loading device for simulating multiple spot horizontal dynamic load, includes big frame, big frame includes loading steel sheet, first power transmission steel pipe, first supporting steel plate and reinforcement steel pipe, the symmetry is fixed with a plurality of first power transmission steel pipes and forms "claw" type structure in the one side of loading steel sheet, and the other end of every first power transmission steel pipe is the first supporting steel plate of fixedly connected with respectively, and the face of a plurality of first supporting steel plates is located the coplanar, and fixedly connected with consolidates the steel pipe between the adjacent first power transmission steel pipe.
Preferably, there is the small frame through the bolt hole connection on the first supporting steel plate of big frame, the small frame passes power steel pipe and second supporting steel plate including connecting steel plate, second, the last symmetry of connecting steel plate is fixed with a plurality of seconds and passes power the steel pipe and form "claw" type structure, and every second passes the other end of power steel pipe fixedly connected with second supporting steel plate respectively, and the face of a plurality of second supporting steel plates is located the coplanar, the plane that the face place of second supporting steel plate is parallel with the plane that the face place of first supporting steel plate.
Preferably, the number of the first force transmission steel pipes is 4, and the end parts of the 4 first force transmission steel pipes connected with the first support steel plate are positioned at four corners of a square.
Preferably, the number of the second force transmission steel pipes is 4, and the end parts of the 4 second force transmission steel pipes connected with the second support steel plate are positioned at four corners of a diamond.
Preferably, the first and second support steel plates are square steel plates or original steel plates.
The invention further provides a test method of the loading device for simulating the multipoint horizontal dynamic load, which comprises the following steps:
(1) connecting a plurality of wind load test plates with the same material and size into a whole piece of to-be-tested piece through an outer frame or an inclined strut, and then fixing the whole piece of to-be-tested piece on the double-row scaffold, wherein the number of the wind load test plates is the same as that of the first support steel plates;
(2) when the loading device only uses a big frame, the big frame is fixed on the piece to be tested through bolt holes in first support steel plates, wherein each wind load test plate is fixed with one first support steel plate; when the loading device simultaneously uses the big frame and the small frame, the small frame is fixed on the wind load test plates through the bolt holes on the second supporting steel plate, one small frame is fixed on each wind load test plate, and then the big frame is fixed on the connecting steel plate of the small frame through the bolt holes on the first supporting steel plate;
(3) pass through the bolt with the electro-hydraulic servo actuator connect with the loading steel sheet of big frame, electro-hydraulic servo actuator is fixed in on the counter-force wall, then highly treats the test piece to electro-hydraulic servo actuator input basic wind pressure and carry out the loading test, and the low cycle load that reciprocates is applyed to electro-hydraulic servo actuator horizontal load adoption displacement control's mode, and the level difference increment is 10mm, and every level displacement circulation 3 weeks, until the test piece that awaits measuring destroys.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention simulates multi-point horizontal dynamic load through the loading device with a claw-shaped structure, and uses an equivalent concentration method to equivalently convert the uniformly distributed wind load into multi-point concentrated load acting on the structure to complete experimental research, thereby realizing the force or displacement control of a whole-course dynamic loading system, achieving the effect of multi-point simultaneous and synchronous loading on the structure by using one acting point and ensuring the feasibility and accuracy of the experiment. The loading device has the advantages of simple structure, flexible use, easy operation, realization of simultaneous and synchronous loading test of a plurality of point positions on various plate structures, low investment cost and good test effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device for simulating a multi-point horizontal dynamic load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front elevation view of a large shelf according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a small rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front elevation view of a small shelf provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a test of a loading device for simulating a multi-point horizontal dynamic load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-loading a steel plate; 2-a first force transmission steel pipe; 3-a first supporting steel plate; 4-reinforcing the steel pipe; 5-connecting steel plates; 6-a second force transmission steel pipe; 7-a second supporting steel plate; 8-bolt holes; 9-a protective net; 10-an electro-hydraulic servo actuator; 11-counterforce wall.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a loading device for simulating multi-point horizontal dynamic load, including big frame and cradle, big frame includes loading steel sheet 1, first power transmission steel pipe 2, first supporting steel sheet 3 and reinforcement steel pipe 4, and the cradle includes connecting steel sheet 5, second power transmission steel pipe 6 and second supporting steel sheet 7, and the structure of big frame and cradle is similar, all becomes "claw" type structure, and when great to wind load test plate size, can use big frame and cradle simultaneously. The structure of the large frame is shown in fig. 2-3, 4 first force transmission steel pipes 2 are symmetrically fixed on one surface of a loading steel plate 1 to form a claw-shaped structure, the other ends of the 4 first force transmission steel pipes 2 are respectively and fixedly connected with first supporting steel plates 3, the total number of the first supporting steel plates 3 is 4, the plate surfaces of the first supporting steel plates are positioned on the same plane, the stress uniformity of a wind load test plate is ensured, and the end parts of the 4 first force transmission steel pipes 2 connected with the first supporting steel plates 3 are positioned on four square corners; because the big frame structure is "claw" type, for the intensity that improves first power transmission steel pipe 2 in the test process, fixed connection consolidates steel pipe 4 between adjacent first power transmission steel pipe 2. The structure of the small frame is as shown in fig. 4-5, 4 second force transmission steel pipes 6 are symmetrically fixed on a connecting steel plate 5 to form a claw-shaped structure, the other ends of the 4 second force transmission steel pipes 6 are respectively and fixedly connected with second supporting steel plates 7, the number of the second force transmission steel pipes is totally 4, the plate surfaces of the second force transmission steel pipes are also located on the same plane, the end parts of the 4 second force transmission steel pipes 6 connected with the second supporting steel plates 7 are located on the four corners of a rhombus, one-point action and multi-point loading are realized in a mode that two stages of the large frame and the small frame are divided into four, the structure that the tail end parts of the 4 first force transmission steel pipes 2 are located on the four corners of the rhombus and the end parts of the 4 second force transmission steel pipes 6 are located on the four corners of the rhombus is provided according to a decomposition mode in the load application. All connect a little frame on 4 first supporting steel plate 3 of big frame, specifically be through bolt hole 8 and the 5 fixed connection of connecting plate on the first supporting steel plate 3, the plane at the face place of second supporting steel plate 7 is parallel with the plane at the face place of first supporting steel plate 3.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2-3, a loading device for simulating multi-point horizontal dynamic load comprises a large frame of a claw-shaped structure formed by a loading steel plate 1, a first force transmission steel pipe 2, a first supporting steel plate 3 and a reinforcing steel pipe 4, and only the large frame can be used when the size of a wind load test plate is small; 4 first power transmission steel pipes 2 are symmetrically fixed on one side of a loading steel plate 1, the other ends of the 4 first power transmission steel pipes 2 are respectively and fixedly connected with first supporting steel plates 3, the total number of the first supporting steel plates 3 is 4, the plate surfaces of the first supporting steel plates are located on the same plane, the uniformity of stress of a wind load test plate is ensured, according to the decomposition mode of a load applying process, in order to ensure the effect of applying power load uniformity on each site, a structure that the tail end parts of the 4 first power transmission steel pipes 2 are located on four square corners is provided. In order to improve the strength of the first force transmission steel pipes 2 in the dynamic load loading process, reinforcing steel pipes 4 are fixedly connected between the adjacent first force transmission steel pipes 2.
The first and second support steel plates 3 and 7 of examples 1 and 2 may be square steel plates or prototype steel plates.
Example 3
Through an indoor horizontal thrust test, uniformly distributed wind loads are equivalently changed into multipoint concentrated loads acting on the structure, a finite element analysis result of the scaffold protective net 9 under the action of high-altitude wind loads is verified, the most unfavorable position and the maximum displacement of the loads of the protective net 9 under the action of the horizontal thrust are obtained, and the deformation and stress distribution rule of the protective net 9 is found. Two groups of test pieces are designed at the cross part of the inclined strut and the net surface part of the punching protective net 9 according to the action of horizontal thrust, four protective nets 9 are selected from the two groups of test pieces and are fixed on a double-row scaffold, and as shown in the following figure 6, the test method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the number of the protective nets 9 in the test is the same as that of the first supporting steel plates 3 in the loading device, so that 4 protective nets 9 with the same material and size are connected into a whole piece to be tested through an outer frame or an inclined support and then fixed on double rows of scaffolds.
(2) The loading apparatus of example 1 was used in this test, the loading apparatus being mounted according to example 1: firstly, respectively fixing 4 small frames on 4 protective nets 9 at the cross positions of the inclined struts through second supporting steel plates 7, and then fixing a large frame on a connecting steel plate 5 of the small frame through a first supporting steel plate 3; the 4 first supporting steel plates 3 of the big frame are respectively fixed on the 4 small frames. When the size of the test plate in the test is small, only a large frame can be used, and each first support steel plate 3 of the large frame can be fixed on one test plate respectively.
(3) The loading system comprises an MTS electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10, a loading device and a large-scale reaction wall 11, wherein the MTS electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10 is fixed on the reaction wall 11, the loading device is connected with the MTS electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10 through 4 groups of bolts with the length of 32mm, basic wind pressure and wind pressure height are input into the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10 to perform loading test on a to-be-tested piece, and the MTS electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10 is ejected out and contracted to realize simultaneous synchronous tension and compression load application on multiple points of the protective net 9.
The load is calculated as follows: taking the B-type field as a calculation object, and respectively taking the basic wind pressure of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6kN/m2And four groups of the simulation wind load are obtained, the wind pressure heights are respectively 20m, 50m and 100m, the wind pressure height change coefficient and the wind gust coefficient are obtained according to building structure load specification, the wind load form coefficient is 1.0, the simulation wind load is equivalent to the concentration force according to the area, and the calculation result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 load calculation Table
The MTS electro-hydraulic servo actuator 10 applies low-cycle reciprocating load to the horizontal load in a displacement control mode, the increment of the step difference is 10mm, each stage of displacement is circulated for 3 cycles until a test piece is damaged, and the loading system is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 test Loading regime
Judging the damage mode of the test piece: when the test piece has the phenomena of integral overturn, outer frame or inclined strut fracture, large-area network surface fracture, slippage and separation from the clamping seat of the connecting piece and the like, the test piece is regarded as being damaged, and the loading is stopped. According to the test result, the loading device achieves the effect of simultaneously and synchronously loading the plate structure at multiple points, and also ensures the feasibility and the accuracy of the test.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a loading device for simulating multiple spot horizontal dynamic load, a serial communication port, including big frame, big frame includes loading steel sheet, first power transmission steel pipe, first supporting steel plate and reinforcement steel pipe, the symmetry is fixed with a plurality of first power transmission steel pipes and forms "claw" type structure in the one side of loading steel sheet, and the other end of every first power transmission steel pipe is the first supporting steel plate of fixedly connected with respectively, and the face of a plurality of first supporting steel plates is located the coplanar, and fixedly connected with consolidates the steel pipe between the adjacent first power transmission steel pipe.
2. The loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic loads according to claim 1, wherein a small frame is connected to the first support steel plate of the large frame through bolt holes, the small frame comprises a connecting steel plate, a second force transmission steel pipe and a second support steel plate, a plurality of second force transmission steel pipes are symmetrically fixed to the connecting steel plate to form a claw-shaped structure, the other end of each second force transmission steel pipe is fixedly connected with the second support steel plate, the plate surfaces of the second support steel plates are located on the same plane, and the plane where the plate surface of the second support steel plate is located is parallel to the plane where the plate surface of the first support steel plate is located.
3. The loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic loads according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4 first force transmission steel pipes are arranged, and the end parts of the 4 first force transmission steel pipes connected with the first supporting steel plate are positioned at the four corners of a square.
4. The loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic loads according to claim 3, wherein 4 second force transmission steel pipes are arranged, and the end parts of the 4 second force transmission steel pipes connected with the second supporting steel plate are positioned at the four corners of the diamond.
5. A loading unit for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic loads as claimed in claim 2 wherein the first and second support steel plates are square or prototype steel plates.
6. A method of testing a loading unit for simulating multi-point horizontal dynamic loading according to claim 2, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) connecting a plurality of wind load test plates with the same material and size into a whole piece of to-be-tested piece through an outer frame or an inclined strut, and then fixing the whole piece of to-be-tested piece on the double-row scaffold, wherein the number of the wind load test plates is the same as that of the first support steel plates;
(2) when the loading device only uses a big frame, the big frame is fixed on the piece to be tested through bolt holes in first support steel plates, wherein each wind load test plate is fixed with one first support steel plate; when the loading device simultaneously uses the big frame and the small frame, the small frame is fixed on the wind load test plates through the bolt holes on the second supporting steel plate, one small frame is fixed on each wind load test plate, and then the big frame is fixed on the connecting steel plate of the small frame through the bolt holes on the first supporting steel plate;
(3) pass through the bolt with the electro-hydraulic servo actuator connect with the loading steel sheet of big frame, electro-hydraulic servo actuator is fixed in on the counter-force wall, then highly treats the test piece to electro-hydraulic servo actuator input basic wind pressure and carry out the loading test, and the low cycle load that reciprocates is applyed to electro-hydraulic servo actuator horizontal load adoption displacement control's mode, and the level difference increment is 10mm, and every level displacement circulation 3 weeks, until the test piece that awaits measuring destroys.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911238431.0A CN110954409A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and test method thereof |
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| CN201911238431.0A CN110954409A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Loading device for simulating multipoint horizontal dynamic load and test method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105158072A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 广西大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating uniformly distributed load |
| CN205404277U (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-27 | 河海大学 | Experimental loading device of equivalence equipartition area load |
| CN107576569A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-12 | 河海大学 | A kind of loading device for testing and test method that edge constraint is realized to board member |
| CN209148445U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-07-23 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of multiaxis hierarchical loading device |
| CN110174321A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-27 | 中南大学 | Multiple spot load sharing device |
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2019
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201911238431.0A patent/CN110954409A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105158072A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 广西大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating uniformly distributed load |
| CN205404277U (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-27 | 河海大学 | Experimental loading device of equivalence equipartition area load |
| CN107576569A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-12 | 河海大学 | A kind of loading device for testing and test method that edge constraint is realized to board member |
| CN209148445U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-07-23 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of multiaxis hierarchical loading device |
| CN110174321A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-27 | 中南大学 | Multiple spot load sharing device |
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