CN110954286B - Self-alignment axial loading device - Google Patents
Self-alignment axial loading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110954286B CN110954286B CN201911381046.1A CN201911381046A CN110954286B CN 110954286 B CN110954286 B CN 110954286B CN 201911381046 A CN201911381046 A CN 201911381046A CN 110954286 B CN110954286 B CN 110954286B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0041—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress
- G01M5/005—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining deflection or stress by means of external apparatus, e.g. test benches or portable test systems
Abstract
The invention provides a self-aligning axial loading device, which comprises: mounting a bracket; the bearing sleeve is arranged on the mounting bracket; the loading assembly is arranged at the first end of the bearing sleeve; self-alignment subassembly, including bearing the weight of the cover, first movable block, the second movable block, fixed lid and alignment pole, the movable second end of bearing the weight of the telescopic installation of bearing the weight of the cover is connected with the loading subassembly drive, first movable block movably installs in bearing the weight of the cover, second movable block movably installs inside bearing the weight of the cover, second movable block buckle closure encloses the spherical cavity of formation with first movable block on first movable block, the first end of alignment pole is provided with the bulb portion, the bulb portion is rotatable to be installed in the spherical cavity, fixed lid is established on bearing the weight of the cover, the second end of alignment pole is worn out fixed lid and is connected with the piece that awaits measuring. The self-aligning axial loading device can ensure the coaxiality of the loading assembly and the piece to be tested and can ensure the test precision of the performance of the shaft parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loading devices, in particular to a self-aligning axial loading device.
Background
The performance detection of various shaft parts is frequently carried out in the mechanical field, and particularly the test of the shaft rigidity of a motor and a speed reducer is frequently involved.
The conventional test loading mode is axial loading by using a bearing for fixation, but due to installation and measurement errors, the fixed structure frequently causes a large coaxiality error between a loading rod and a main shaft of a tested part, and loading different shafts can generate bending moment on the loaded shaft, so that the measurement precision and the measurement result are seriously influenced, and the service life of test equipment can be shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a self-aligning axial loading device to solve the problem that the coaxiality error of a loading rod and a main shaft of a part to be laterally loaded of the axial loading device in the prior art is large.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-aligning axial loading apparatus, comprising: mounting a bracket; a bearing sleeve mounted on the mounting bracket; a loading assembly mounted at a first end of the load sleeve; the self-alignment assembly comprises a bearing sleeve, a first movable block, a second movable block, a fixed cover and an alignment rod, wherein the bearing sleeve is movably arranged at the second end of the bearing sleeve and is in driving connection with the loading assembly, the first movable block is movably arranged in the bearing sleeve, the second movable block is buckled on the first movable block and surrounds the first movable block to form a spherical cavity, the first end of the alignment rod is provided with a ball head, the ball head is rotatably arranged in the spherical cavity, the fixed cover is arranged on the bearing sleeve, and the second end of the alignment rod penetrates out of the fixed cover to be connected with a piece to be detected.
Furthermore, a connecting flange is arranged at the first end of the bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is fixed on the mounting bracket through a connecting piece arranged on the connecting flange in a penetrating mode.
Further, be provided with on the installing support with the bearing sleeve coaxial setting's screw hole, the loading subassembly includes: the loading guide sleeve is movably arranged inside the bearing sleeve; the loading screw is arranged in the threaded hole, and the first end of the loading screw is connected with the loading guide sleeve; and the loading hand wheel is connected to the second end of the loading screw rod.
Further, the self-aligning axial loading device further comprises a load transmission assembly, and the load transmission assembly is connected between the loading assembly and the self-aligning assembly.
Further, the load transfer assembly includes: a first spring loading disc movably mounted within the carrier sleeve and fixedly connected to the loading assembly; a second spring loaded disc movably mounted within the carrier sleeve and connected to the self-aligning assembly; two ends of the tension spring are respectively and fixedly connected to the first spring loading disc and the second spring loading disc; and two ends of the pressure spring are respectively and fixedly connected to the first spring loading disc and the second spring loading disc.
Further, the self-aligning axial loading device further comprises a tension and pressure detecting element, and the tension and pressure detecting element is connected between the load transmission assembly and the self-aligning assembly.
Further, the pull pressure detecting element is a pull pressure sensor.
Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the bearing sleeve, and the pulling pressure sensor is connected with an upper computer through a lead penetrating through the through hole.
Further, the self-aligning axial loading device further comprises a ball-sealing retainer, and the self-aligning assembly is mounted in the bearing sleeve through the ball-sealing retainer.
Further, the self-aligning axial loading device further comprises a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is used for detecting the deformation of the piece to be detected.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, when the performance test of the shaft part is carried out, the alignment rod is firstly connected with the to-be-tested part, when the to-be-tested part is loaded by the loading assembly, the loading load is transferred to the bearing sleeve and the first movable block, and meanwhile, the alignment rod is suspended at the end part of the bearing sleeve, so that after the alignment rod is connected with the to-be-tested part, the ball head part at the end part of the alignment rod can rotate in a spherical cavity formed by the first movable block and the second movable block, the alignment is self-finely adjusted, the first movable block and the second movable block float in the bearing sleeve and simultaneously move in cooperation with the alignment rod, the coaxiality of force transfer can be ensured when the loading force is applied, the alignment rod is connected with the to-be-tested part, and when the loading force is applied, the elastic action of the loading force generates deformation on the to-be-tested part, and the performance test of the shaft part is facilitated. Therefore, the self-aligning axial loading device is provided with the self-aligning assembly, and the coaxiality of the shaft parts and the loading assembly can be ensured through the action of the self-aligning assembly, so that the test precision of the self-aligning axial loading device on the performance of the shaft parts is improved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a self-aligning axial loading unit of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. mounting a bracket; 11. a threaded hole; 20. a load bearing sleeve; 21. a connecting flange; 22. a through hole; 30. loading the component; 31. loading a guide sleeve; 32. loading a screw; 33. loading a hand wheel; 40. a self-aligning component; 41. a bearing sleeve; 42. a first movable block; 43. a second movable block; 44. a fixed cover; 45. an alignment rod; 451. a ball head portion; 46. a spherical cavity; 50. a connecting member; 60. a load transfer assembly; 61. a first spring loading plate; 62. a second spring-loaded disc; 63. a tension spring; 64. a pressure spring; 70. a pull pressure detecting element; 80. a dense bead retainer; 90. a displacement sensor; 100. and (5) a piece to be tested.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances for describing embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a self-aligning axial loading apparatus including a mounting bracket 10, a load bearing sleeve 20, a loading assembly 30, and a self-aligning assembly 40.
Wherein the carrier sleeve 20 is mounted on the mounting bracket 10; the loading assembly 30 is mounted at a first end of the load sleeve 20; the self-alignment assembly 40 comprises a bearing sleeve 41, a first movable block 42, a second movable block 43, a fixed cover 44 and an alignment rod 45, wherein the bearing sleeve 41 is movably mounted at the second end of the bearing sleeve 20 and is in driving connection with the loading assembly 30, the first movable block 42 is movably mounted in the bearing sleeve 41, a gap is formed between the first movable block 42 and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 41, similarly, the second movable block 43 is movably mounted in the bearing sleeve 41, a gap is also formed between the second movable block 43 and the inner wall surface of the bearing sleeve 41, and after the self-alignment assembly is mounted, the second movable block 43 is covered on the first movable block 42 and forms a spherical cavity 46 with the first movable block 42, a ball head portion 451 is arranged at a first end of the alignment rod 45, the ball head portion 451 is rotatably installed in the spherical cavity 46, the fixed cover 44 is covered on the bearing sleeve 41, and a second end of the alignment rod 45 penetrates through the fixed cover 44 to be connected with the to-be-tested object 100.
When the performance test of the shaft part is carried out, firstly, the alignment rod 45 is connected with the to-be-tested part 100, when the loading assembly 30 is used for loading the to-be-tested part 100, the loading load is transferred to the bearing sleeve 41 and the first movable block 42, and meanwhile, the alignment rod 45 is suspended at the end part of the bearing sleeve 20, so that after the alignment rod 45 is connected with the to-be-tested part 100, the spherical head part 451 at the end part of the alignment rod 45 can rotate in the spherical cavity 46 formed by the first movable block 42 and the second movable block 43, the self-fine-adjustment alignment is carried out, the first movable block 42 and the second movable block 43 float in the bearing sleeve 41 and are matched with the alignment rod 45 to move, when the loading force is applied, the first movable block 42 and the second movable block 43 float, therefore, the first movable block 42 and the second movable block 43 can move up and down and left and right along with the loading rod 45 when the coaxiality is adjusted, the axial loading of the to-be-tested part 100 is ensured, and the coaxiality of the force transfer can be ensured, the alignment rod 45 is connected with the to-be-tested part 100, and when a loading force is applied, a load can be applied to the to-be-tested part 100, so that the performance of the shaft part can be tested conveniently. Therefore, the self-aligning axial loading device is provided with the self-aligning assembly 40, and the coaxiality of the shaft part to be tested 100 and the loading assembly 40 can be ensured through the action of the self-aligning assembly 40, so that the test precision of the self-aligning axial loading device on the shaft part performance is improved, and the service life of the self-aligning axial loading device is prolonged.
The first end of the bearing sleeve 20 in this embodiment is provided with the connecting flange 21, and the bearing sleeve 20 is fixed on the mounting bracket 10 through the connecting piece 50 penetrating through the connecting flange 21, so that the structure is simple, and the loading assembly 30 and the self-aligning assembly 40 are conveniently mounted and guided.
The connecting member 50 in this embodiment is preferably a connecting bolt, but of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the connecting member 50 may be configured as a connecting pin or a connecting screw, and other modifications within the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
In order to load the shaft-like workpiece 100 to be tested, the mounting bracket 10 in this embodiment is provided with a threaded hole 11 coaxially arranged with the bearing sleeve 20, specifically, the loading assembly 30 includes a loading guide sleeve 31, a loading screw 32 and a loading hand wheel 33, wherein the loading guide sleeve 31 is movably mounted inside the bearing sleeve 20; the loading screw 32 is arranged in the threaded hole 11, and the first end of the loading screw 32 is connected with the loading guide sleeve 31; and a loading hand wheel 33 is attached to a second end of the loading screw 32.
When the to-be-tested piece 100 needs to be loaded, the loading guide sleeve 31 can be driven to move in the bearing sleeve 20 by only rotating the loading hand wheel 33 and driving the loading screw 32 to rotate in the threaded hole 11, so that the self-alignment assembly 40 is loaded, and the to-be-tested piece 100 is conveniently loaded.
In order to facilitate connection, a connection cavity is provided on the loading guide sleeve 31 in this embodiment, and a first movable block is provided at an end of the loading screw 32, and the first movable block is connected in the connection cavity, so as to ensure connection stability between the loading guide sleeve 31 and the loading screw 32. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, a structure such as a screw or a buckle may be adopted to connect the loading guide sleeve 31 and the loading screw rod 32, and any other modification mode under the concept of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to facilitate stable transmission of the load applied by the loading assembly 30 to the self-aligning assembly 40, the self-aligning axial loading apparatus in this embodiment further includes a load transmission assembly 60, and the load transmission assembly 60 is connected between the loading assembly 30 and the self-aligning assembly 40.
Specifically, the load transfer assembly 60 in the present embodiment includes a first spring loading disc 61, a second spring loading disc 62, a tension spring 63, and a compression spring 64.
Wherein the first spring loading disc 61 is movably mounted within the carrier sleeve 20 and fixedly connected to the loading assembly 30; a second spring loaded disc 62 is movably mounted within the carrier sleeve 20 and connected to the self-centering assembly 40; both ends of the tension spring 63 are fixedly connected to the first spring loading plate 61 and the second spring loading plate 62 respectively; both ends of the compression spring 64 are fixedly connected to the first spring loading disc 61 and the second spring loading disc 62, respectively. The tension and compression loading test is carried out through the tension spring 63 and the compression spring 64, when the loading hand wheel 33 is used for loading, rigid loading can be changed into elastic loading, in the actual design process, the tension spring 63 and the compression spring 64 with different elastic coefficients can be selected according to actual use requirements, and the loading hand wheel 33 can be used for loading the piece to be tested 100 conveniently. Due to the elastic design of the tension spring 63 and the compression spring 64, damage caused by the fact that the loading force is uncontrollable or the loading force is too large to cause the to-be-tested piece 100 to exceed the deformation limit value due to direct rigid loading can be avoided.
The self-aligning axial loading apparatus in this embodiment further includes a tension and compression force detecting element 70, and the tension and compression force detecting element 70 is connected between the load transfer assembly 60 and the self-aligning assembly 40 to facilitate testing of the load applied by the loading assembly 30. Preferably, the pulling pressure detecting element 70 is a pulling pressure sensor.
In order to facilitate installation and connection, the bearing sleeve 20 in the embodiment is provided with the through hole 22, and during installation, the pulling pressure sensor is connected with an upper computer through a lead penetrating through the through hole 22, so that a signal obtained by detection of the pulling pressure sensor is conveniently transmitted to the upper computer.
Preferably, the self-aligning axial loading device in this embodiment further comprises a ball cage 80, and the self-aligning assembly 40 is mounted in the bearing sleeve 20 through the ball cage 80. By adopting the function of the dense ball retainer 80, the self-aligning component 40 can be ensured to move flexibly, the clamping stagnation phenomenon in the process of load transfer is avoided, and the concentricity of the load force transfer is ensured.
Preferably, the self-aligning axial loading device in this embodiment further includes a displacement sensor 90, and the displacement sensor 90 is configured to detect a deformation amount of the to-be-detected object 100.
When the self-aligning device is used, the loading hand wheel 33 is rotated to push or pull the loading screw rod 32 to drive the loading guide sleeve 31 to move, the tail end of the loading guide sleeve 31 is provided with the tension spring 63 and the pressure spring 64, the tension spring 63 and the pressure spring 64 are designed to be equal in installation length and balanced in tension and pressure, the stress of the whole structure is zero when the self-aligning device is not loaded, the loading guide sleeve 31 moves to drive the tension spring 63 or the pressure spring 64 to move to apply a load, meanwhile, a specific value of the loading force is displayed on an upper computer through a tension pressure sensor, meanwhile, the self-aligning component 40 is driven to generate tension pressure, the outer ring of the self-aligning component 40 is provided with the dense ball retainer 80 to ensure the moving flexibility of the self-aligning component 40 and the axial direction of the transmission of the loading force, the aligning rod 45 of the self-aligning component 40 is connected with the first movable block 42 and the second movable block 43 through the ball head part 451 and the ball cavity 46, and meanwhile, the front end of the aligning rod 45 of the self-aligning component 40 is designed to be a floating part, thus, after the alignment rod 45 is connected with the to-be-tested piece 100, self-fine adjustment alignment can be performed, when a loading force is applied, coaxiality of force transmission is guaranteed, the alignment rod 45 is connected with the to-be-tested piece 100, when the loading force is applied, pulling pressure is applied to the to-be-tested piece 100, and the axial deformation of the to-be-tested piece 100 under the applied force is measured through the displacement sensor 90 so as to determine the axial rigidity of the to-be-tested piece 100.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the self-aligning axial loading device can automatically align and adjust when a piece to be tested is connected with the self-aligning axial loading device and a coaxiality error occurs during performance test of shaft parts, particularly a motor and a speed reducer main shaft, so that the concentricity of the piece to be tested and a loading rod is ensured, high measurement precision is ensured, and a measurement result is accurate.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A self-aligning axial loading device, comprising:
a mounting bracket (10);
a carrier sleeve (20), the carrier sleeve (20) being mounted on the mounting bracket (10);
a loading assembly (30), the loading assembly (30) being mounted at a first end of the load sleeve (20);
the self-alignment assembly (40) comprises a bearing sleeve (41), a first movable block (42), a second movable block (43), a fixed cover (44) and an alignment rod (45), the bearing sleeve (41) is movably arranged at the second end of the bearing sleeve (20) and is in driving connection with the loading assembly (30), the first movable block (42) is movably arranged in the bearing sleeve (41), the second movable block (43) is buckled on the first movable block (42) and surrounds the first movable block (42) to form a spherical cavity (46), a ball head part (451) is arranged at the first end of the alignment rod (45), the ball head part (451) is rotatably arranged in the spherical cavity (46), and the fixed cover (44) covers the bearing sleeve (41), the second end of the alignment rod (45) penetrates out of the fixed cover (44) to be connected with the piece to be measured (100);
the self-aligning axial loading device further comprises a load transfer assembly (60), wherein the load transfer assembly (60) is connected between the loading assembly (30) and the self-aligning assembly (40);
the load transfer assembly (60) comprises:
a first spring loading disc (61), the first spring loading disc (61) being movably mounted within the carrier sleeve (20) and fixedly connected to the loading assembly (30);
a second spring loaded disc (62), said second spring loaded disc (62) being movably mounted within said carrier sleeve (20) and connected to said self-aligning assembly (40);
the two ends of the tension spring (63) are respectively and fixedly connected to the first spring loading disc (61) and the second spring loading disc (62);
and two ends of the compression spring (64) are respectively and fixedly connected to the first spring loading disc (61) and the second spring loading disc (62).
2. The self-aligning axial loading device of claim 1, wherein the first end of the bearing sleeve (20) is provided with a connecting flange (21), and the bearing sleeve (20) is fixed on the mounting bracket (10) by a connecting piece (50) arranged on the connecting flange (21) in a penetrating way.
3. The self-aligning axial loading unit according to claim 1, wherein the mounting bracket (10) is provided with a threaded hole (11) coaxially arranged with the bearing sleeve (20), and the loading assembly (30) comprises:
a loading guide sleeve (31), the loading guide sleeve (31) being movably mounted inside the carrying sleeve (20);
the loading screw rod (32) is installed in the threaded hole (11), and the first end of the loading screw rod (32) is connected with the loading guide sleeve (31);
a loading hand wheel (33), wherein the loading hand wheel (33) is connected to the second end of the loading screw rod (32).
4. The self-aligning axial loading device of claim 1 further comprising a tension and compression force sensing element (70), the tension and compression force sensing element (70) being connected between the load transfer assembly (60) and the self-aligning assembly (40).
5. The self-aligning axial loading device of claim 4 wherein said pull pressure sensing element (70) is a pull pressure sensor.
6. The self-aligning axial loading device according to claim 5, wherein a through hole (22) is provided on the bearing sleeve (20), and the pulling pressure sensor is connected to an upper computer through a wire passing through the through hole (22).
7. The self-aligning axial loading device of claim 1 further comprising a ball cage (80), said self-aligning assembly (40) being mounted within said carrier sleeve (20) by said ball cage (80).
8. The self-aligning axial loading device of any one of claims 1 to 7 further comprising a displacement sensor for detecting the amount of deformation of the piece under test (100).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911381046.1A CN110954286B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Self-alignment axial loading device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911381046.1A CN110954286B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Self-alignment axial loading device |
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| CN110954286B true CN110954286B (en) | 2021-12-21 |
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| CN111721610A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-29 | 佛山市安齿生物科技有限公司 | Fatigue test loading device for dental implant |
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| CN1873227A (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Automatic stop centering mechanism in use for reciprocating pump |
| CN205426642U (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-08-03 | 浙江大学 | Automatic centering device of metal tensile sample in low temperature environment proof box |
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| CN110954286A (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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