CN110953481B - Low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and process flow thereof - Google Patents

Low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and process flow thereof Download PDF

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CN110953481B
CN110953481B CN201911355227.7A CN201911355227A CN110953481B CN 110953481 B CN110953481 B CN 110953481B CN 201911355227 A CN201911355227 A CN 201911355227A CN 110953481 B CN110953481 B CN 110953481B
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pneumatic diaphragm
diaphragm valve
metal hydride
hydrogen storage
valve
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CN110953481A (en
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陈东雷
程宏辉
吴瑛
武英
张宝
张明轩
刘晶晶
杨宁
顾晨宇
陈健
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Yangzhou University
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Yangzhou University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/06—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by observing bubbles in a liquid pool
    • G01M3/10—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by observing bubbles in a liquid pool for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0374—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0689—Methods for controlling or regulating
    • F17C2250/0694—Methods for controlling or regulating with calculations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
    • F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
    • F17C2250/075—Action when predefined value is reached when full
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2604—Test of external equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving type metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and a process flow thereof. The technological process mainly comprises the steps of connecting a hydrogen storage bottle, filling nitrogen for leak detection, circularly activating, testing hydrogen discharge and disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle. The invention obviously improves the activation production efficiency of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, adopts the strategy of spot inspection of the same batch of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles to ensure that the performance of the hydrogen storage bottle meets the standard requirement on one hand, and greatly reduces the workload of detection and evaluation on the other hand, and has the advantages of high automation degree, compact structure, small occupied area and low manufacturing and operating cost.

Description

Low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and process flow thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving type metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and a process flow thereof, belonging to the technical field of production and test of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles.
Background
A hydrogen storage bottle is a container for storing hydrogen gas. A hydrogen storage bottle by filling a hydrogen storage material in a bottle body is a new hydrogen storage technology that is being developed at present. The hydrogen storage bottle filled with the metal hydride is considered to have good application prospect in the fields of hydrogen purification, storage and transportation, hydrogen pressurization (hydrogen pump) and hydrogenation stations, test instruments, hydrogen supply in integrated circuits and semiconductor production, powder metallurgy, heat treatment and the like, hydrogen medical health application products and the like in fuel cells, fuel cell automobiles and gas production plants. However, metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles necessarily involve activation during the manufacturing process. The activation equipment of the hydrogen storage tank has been disclosed by people in China's patent number ZL201710119306.2 integrated equipment for activation, performance test and packaging of a multi-channel alloy type hydrogen storage tank and process flow thereof, who has been bright in journey, morning rain and the like, but the equipment has the defects of complex gas circuit structure, high manufacturing cost, high hydrogen consumption, high operation energy consumption, large occupied space, poor stability, poor safety, narrow application range, low activation efficiency and the like. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to design the activation equipment completely new and thorough to obtain better performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of complex gas path structure, high manufacturing cost, large hydrogen consumption, large operation energy consumption, large occupied space, poor stability, narrow application range, low activation efficiency, poor safety and the like of the conventional metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation equipment, the invention aims to provide a low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and a process flow thereof, wherein the gas path structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the hydrogen consumption is low, the operation energy consumption is low, the structure is compact, the stability is good, the application range is wide, the activation efficiency is high, and the operation is convenient and rapid.
The invention aims to realize a low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving type metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system, which is characterized in that: comprises a nitrogen source, a hydrogen source, a first pressure reducing valve, a second pressure reducing valve, a third pressure reducing valve, a first filter, a second filter, a mass flow controller, a first pneumatic diaphragm valve, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a vacuum pump, a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil with a quick connector, a refrigeration and heating type constant-temperature bath, a temperature measurement sensor, a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve, a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a first microporous current limiter, a second pressure regulator, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a second microporous current limiter, a second pressure regulating valve, a third pressure regulating valve, a fourth air inlet throttling type pressure regulating valve, a fourth pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a third pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a third pressure regulating valve, a fourth pressure regulating valve, a third pressure regulating valve, a fourth pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a fourth pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a third pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a fourth pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, the device comprises a second microporous current limiter, an electromagnetic valve group, a direct-current power supply module, a driving board, a data acquisition module, a first intermediate relay, a second intermediate relay, an industrial personal computer and measurement and control software which is compiled based on a Python environment;
wherein: the hydrogen source is sequentially connected with the first pressure reducing valve and the first filter and then respectively connected with the inlet end of the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve and the inlet end of the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve through the three-way joint;
the nitrogen source is sequentially connected with the second pressure reducing valve and the second filter and then respectively connected with the inlet end of the third pneumatic diaphragm valve, the inlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve and the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve through the four-way joint; the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve group; the electromagnetic valve group comprises a plurality of normally closed electromagnetic valves, and each normally closed electromagnetic valve is used for controlling whether the outlet end of each electromagnetic valve group is communicated with the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve; the power-on state of each electromagnetic valve on the electromagnetic valve group is controlled by the driving plate, and the working state of each electromagnetic valve is controlled by the data acquisition module; each outlet end on the electromagnetic valve group is finally connected with the cylinder inlet ends of a first pneumatic diaphragm valve, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve respectively in a polyurethane hose; a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group and the inlet end of the cylinder of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve is provided with a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group and the inlet end of the cylinder of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve is provided with a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group and the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve is provided with a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, and a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group and the inlet end of the cylinder of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve is provided with a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve; the outlet ends of other electromagnetic valve groups are directly connected with the inlets of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve, the second pneumatic diaphragm valve, the third pneumatic diaphragm valve, the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve and the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, and no other part is arranged; the outlet end of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve is connected with the outlet end of the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve through a tee joint, and the other end of the tee joint is connected with the inlet end of the vacuum pump; the outlet end of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve and the outlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve are respectively connected with the second micropore flow restrictor and the first micropore flow restrictor and then are connected together through a tee joint; the inlet end of a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve is connected with the node 1 through a steel pipe, the node 1 is connected with the node 2 through a steel pipe, the node 2 is connected with the node 3 through a steel pipe, the node 3 is connected with the node 4 through a steel pipe, the node 4 is connected with the node 5 through a steel pipe, the node 5 is connected with the node 6 through a steel pipe, the node 6 is connected with the node 7 through a steel pipe, the node 7 is connected with the node 8 through a steel pipe, the node 8 is connected with the node 9 through a steel pipe, the node 9 is connected with the inlet end of a second pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the second pneumatic diaphragm valve is connected with the node 10 through a steel pipe, the node 10 is connected with a first pressure transmitter through a steel pipe, the node 10 is connected with the inlet end of a first pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve is connected with the inlet end of a third pressure reducing valve, and the outlet end of the third pressure reducing valve is connected with the inlet end of a mass flow controller, the outlet end of the mass flow controller is directly communicated with the atmosphere; the node 4 is connected with the inlet end of a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the node 5 is connected with the outlet end of a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the node 6 is connected with the outlet end of a third pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, and the node 7 is connected with a first pressure gauge through a steel pipe; through the first pressure gauge, an operator can directly observe and obtain the hydrogen pressure of the activation gas circuit of the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles; the inlet end of the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve is connected with a node 20 through a steel pipe, the node 20 is connected with a node 19 through a steel pipe, the node 19 is connected with a node 18 through a steel pipe, the node 18 is connected with a node 17 through a steel pipe, the node 17 is connected with a node 16 through a steel pipe, the node 16 is connected with a node 15 through a steel pipe, the node 15 is connected with a node 14 through a steel pipe, the node 14 is connected with a node 13 through a steel pipe, the node 13 is connected with a node 12 through a steel pipe, the node 12 is connected with a node 11 through a steel pipe, the node 14 is connected with a second pressure transmitter through a steel pipe, and the node 17 is connected with the inlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe; the node 17 is connected with the inlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the node 16 is connected with the outlet end of the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, the node 15 is connected with the outlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve through a steel pipe, and the node 18 is connected with the second pressure gauge through a steel pipe; the direct current power supply module provides 24V direct current and positive and negative 15V direct current required by normal work for the mass flow controller, the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter, the temperature measuring sensor, the electromagnetic valve group and the driving plate.
The on-off state of the first intermediate relay is controlled by a data acquisition module through a driving board, the anode of the input loop is connected with the +24V terminal of the direct current power supply module, the cathode of the input loop is connected with the output port of the driving plate, the common contact of the output circuit is connected with the valve control end of the mass flow controller, the normally closed contact of the output circuit is in a suspended state, the normally open contact of the output loop of the first intermediate relay is connected with the common contact of the output loop of the second intermediate relay, the normally closed contact of the output loop of the second intermediate relay is connected with the +15V terminal of the direct-current power supply module, the normally open contact of the output loop of the second intermediate relay is connected with the-15V terminal of the direct-current power supply module, the positive electrode of the input loop of the second intermediate relay is connected with the +24V terminal of the direct-current power supply module, and the negative electrode of the input loop of the second intermediate relay is connected with the output port of the driving board;
the node 1, the node 2, the node 3, the node 4, the node 5, the node 6, the node 7, the node 8, the node 9, the node 10, the node 11, the node 12, the node 13, the node 14, the node 15, the node 16, the node 17, the node 18, the node 19 and the node 20 are respectively connected with a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle through a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe with a quick connector.
In the whole system, a first pneumatic diaphragm valve, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a first filter, a second filter, a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve and a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a first microporous current limiter, a second microporous current limiter, a pressure regulating valve, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, a third pressure reducing valve, a mass flow controller, an electromagnetic valve group, a direct current power supply module, a driving plate, a data acquisition module, a first intermediate relay, a second intermediate relay, a connecting gas circuit and a lead are arranged in the cabinet body; the cabinet body is provided with a first exhaust fan, a second exhaust fan and a third exhaust fan, and the cabinet body is integrally placed on an aluminum profile frame with rollers; the aluminum section frame is provided with 4 movable hooks with a hanging chain.
The maximum pressure of the inlet end of the first pressure reducing valve is 15MPa, and the pressure range of the outlet end of the first pressure reducing valve is 5-10 MPa; the maximum pressure at the inlet end of the second pressure reducing valve is 15MPa, and the pressure at the outlet end of the second pressure reducing valve is 0.9-1 MPa; the pressure range of the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve is 0.5-0.6 MPa; the inlet pressure range of the third reducing valve is 0.1-2 MPa, and the outlet pressure range is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
The system can be further expanded to a plurality of nodes according to the requirement for activating more metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles in a batch, so as to connect more metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles; if it is desired to expand the number of nodes, it is generally possible to expand the number of nodes symmetrically by equal amounts between nodes 2 and 3, between nodes 8 and 9, between nodes 12 and 13, and between nodes 18 and 19.
The process flow of the low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system is as follows: the activation mode of filling hydrogen into a row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles and releasing hydrogen from the row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles is carried out in a reciprocating way, so that low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving activation is realized; because the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle emits a large amount of heat when absorbing hydrogen, and absorbs a large amount of heat when releasing hydrogen; the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are equal in number and same in specification, one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles absorb hydrogen and release heat, one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles release hydrogen and absorb heat, and the heat absorption and release quantity is approximately equal, so that the temperature of the constant temperature bath can not be remarkably increased or reduced, and the constant temperature bath can not be additionally started to heat an electric heating tube or refrigerate a compressor for maintaining the temperature basically, so that the remarkable energy saving effect is realized;
the slow evacuation of the high-pressure hydrogen in the activation gas circuit of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is realized through the combination of a first microporous current limiter, a second microporous current limiter, a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve and an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, so that the damage of the valves and the pollution of pipelines caused by the channeling of a large amount of powder flow wrapped by rapid hydrogen flow are avoided;
the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is isolated from the constant temperature medium water in the mode of the aluminum alloy water-proof sleeve and the copper powder, so that the phenomenon that the appearance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is affected by rusty spots caused by the constant temperature medium water can be avoided, lower heat transfer resistance can be ensured, and the activation efficiency is improved;
a constant temperature bath cover and sliding covers with the same number as the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are arranged on the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath; each telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe with a quick joint connected with the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle can pass through a central circular hole of each sliding cover; four handles are arranged on the cover of the thermostatic bath; the periphery of the inner wall of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath is provided with a surrounding refrigerating and heat exchanging coil; the cooling medium flows in the refrigeration heat exchange coil after being refrigerated and cooled by the compressor, so that the constant temperature medium water is cooled; an electric heating pipe is arranged at the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature bath tank; a circulating water pump is arranged in the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath tank, a circulating water outlet is formed in the bottom of the center, and four circulating water inlets are respectively formed in the peripheral inner walls of the circulating water outlet and the circulating water inlet; the four circulating water inlets are uniformly distributed; the connecting line of the adjacent circulating water inlets forms an angle of 30 degrees or 60 degrees with the inner wall; the positioning plate is arranged at the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature bath tank, so that the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles can be prevented from toppling over, and a user can conveniently and quickly place a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles at corresponding positions; the constant temperature range of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath is 5-90 ℃;
the outer diameter of the spiral of the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil is 30-40 mm, the spiral gap is 10-20 mm, and the outer diameter of the coil is 1/8 inches;
the flow rate control range of the mass flow controller is 0-10-20 SLM, the calibration gas is hydrogen, the calculation formula of the accumulated hydrogen release mass (g) is as follows,
Figure BDA0002335721810000051
qmrepresenting a measured instantaneous hydrogen discharge flow rate (SLM); the judgment of the device for the exhaustion of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is based on the judgment of the instantaneous flow rate; when the hydrogen discharge flow rate is reduced to be less than or equal to 0.2-0.4 SLM (2% FS), the hydrogen discharge of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is considered to be exhausted.
The bottom of the refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath is provided with a positioning plate, each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is placed in a water-proof sleeve filled with copper powder and then respectively placed in 20 round holes on the positioning plate; through the positioning plate, on one hand, the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles can be prevented from toppling over, and on the other hand, a user can conveniently and quickly place a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles with water-isolating sleeves at corresponding positions, so that a good positioning effect is achieved; in order to ensure that the temperature of water in the refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature bath is uniform and constant, the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature bath is provided with a circulating water outlet, and the four walls of the refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature bath are provided with a first circulating water inlet, a second circulating water inlet, a third circulating water inlet and a fourth circulating water inlet; the water flow in the refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath tank enters from a first circulating water inlet, a second circulating water inlet, a third circulating water inlet and a fourth circulating water inlet of the four walls, and flows out from a circulating water outlet at the bottom in a circulating manner; the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle can be accompanied with remarkable heat release and heat absorption phenomena in the hydrogen charging and discharging process, and the internal structure of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath can well maintain the uniform control of water temperature; a constant temperature bath cover is arranged on the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath, and a handle and a sliding cover are arranged on the constant temperature bath cover.
Human-computer interaction is realized through measurement and control software running on an industrial personal computer; the measurement and control software is compiled based on a Python programming environment, and can realize the operation of connecting a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, filling nitrogen for leakage detection, circulating activation, hydrogen discharge test and disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle;
the process flow for connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle comprises the following steps: lifting the cover of the constant temperature bath, hooking 4 handles by using movable hooks on an aluminum profile frame respectively, fixing the constant temperature bath in a half-hollow state, placing a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle in the center of each circular hole of the positioning plate, and then connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle with the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe through a quick connector;
the nitrogen filling leak detection process flow comprises the following steps: operating on measurement and control software, closing a first pneumatic diaphragm valve, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve and an internal electromagnetic regulating valve of a mass flow controller, opening the third pneumatic diaphragm valve, opening the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, filling 0.9-1 MPa of nitrogen into a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, then putting purified water into a refrigeration and heating type constant-temperature bath, wherein the water level of the purified water is higher than the screw thread and the quick connector of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, observing the positions of the screw thread and the quick connector and the bottle body of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle after placing for 10-20 minutes to see whether bubbles emerge, and performing targeted maintenance to perform nitrogen filling operation again if bubbles emerge, until confirming that the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle has no bubbles to emerge; after confirming that all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles have no leakage, putting all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles into the water-proof sleeve, and pouring copper powder into the water-proof sleeve, so that the copper powder is over the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles; then, disconnecting the 4 handles from the movable hooks, putting down the cover of the constant-temperature bath, and putting each sliding cover to a proper position;
the cyclic activation process flow comprises the following steps: opening a vacuum pump, opening a refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath, setting constant temperature and hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times, simultaneously opening an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve when the water bath temperature reaches the constant temperature, reducing the internal pressure of the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles to be less than or equal to 0.12MPa, then opening a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, vacuumizing the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles according to the time length set by an operator, and completely pumping various gas impurities in the steel bottle; then carrying out hydrogen filling operation; the hydrogen charging of the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles is carried out in sequence, namely, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a second pneumatic diaphragm valve are opened, the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are charged with hydrogen, the pressure is confirmed not to drop, the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are saturated by hydrogen, then the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve is closed, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve are opened, the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are charged with high-pressure hydrogen, and the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are released to the atmosphere; closing the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, opening the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles; confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, ensuring that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are saturated by absorbed hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are completely dehydrogenated; closing the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, opening the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, filling hydrogen into the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, and opening the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve to ensure that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles discharge hydrogen to atmosphere; confirming that the internal pressure of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles is reduced to be less than or equal to 0.12MPa, opening a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles; confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, ensuring that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are saturated by absorbing hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are completely dehydrogenated; closing the sixth and ninth pneumatic diaphragm valves; judging whether the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times reach set times or not; if the set times is not reached, the above-mentioned column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are repeatedly charged with hydrogen, and the column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are dehydrogenated until the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times meet the set times; if the hydrogen absorption and release cycle times reach the set times, opening a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve to ensure that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are closed after being saturated with hydrogen;
the hydrogen discharge test process flow comprises the following steps: setting the hydrogen discharge flow rate in the measurement and control software, closing a first pneumatic diaphragm valve, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, then opening the first pneumatic diaphragm valve to ensure that an electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller is in a default valve control state, starting the work of the mass flow controller at the moment, recording the changes of pressure, temperature and flow rate in real time by the measurement and control software, integrating the flow rate to obtain the accumulated flow rate, and when the hydrogen discharge flow rate q is reachedmWhen the SLM is less than or equal to 0.2-0.4, ending the hydrogen discharge test of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle connected with the node 10; closing the first pneumatic diaphragm valve, controlling an electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller to be in a fully closed state, maintaining for 2-3 seconds, and ending the hydrogen discharge test flow;
the process flow for disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle comprises the following steps: opening a manual program in the measurement and control software, observing the pressure of two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, and if the hydrogen pressure in the corresponding pipeline is higher, respectively opening an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve and a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve to reduce the hydrogen pressure of the corresponding gas circuit to be less than or equal to 0.12 MPa; confirming that the hydrogen pressure of the corresponding gas circuit is less than or equal to 0.12MPa, moving the sliding cover to a proper fixed position above, lifting the cover of the constant-temperature bath, hooking 4 handles by using a movable hook on the aluminum profile frame, and fixing the handles in a half-empty state; each retractable high pressure stainless steel coil with a quick connector is then disconnected from each metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder at the quick connector location and the metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder is then removed from the water-resistant sleeve. And (4) after all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are taken out from the water-resisting sleeve, putting down the cover of the constant-temperature bath, disconnecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, and finishing the operation.
The low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving type metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system and the process flow thereof provided by the invention are scientific and reasonable, and the defects of high manufacturing cost, large operation energy consumption, large hydrogen consumption, complex structure, large occupied space, poor stability, narrow application range and the like of the conventional metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation device are overcome. The heat coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system comprises a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge, a pneumatic diaphragm valve, a pressure sensor, a refrigerating and heating type constant-temperature water bath, a sensor, a data acquisition module, a mass flow controller, an industrial personal computer, a waterproof sleeve barrel and the like. The technological process mainly comprises the steps of connecting a hydrogen storage bottle, filling nitrogen for leak detection, circularly activating, testing hydrogen discharge and disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle. The invention obviously improves the activation production efficiency of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, adopts the strategy of spot inspection of the same batch of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles to ensure that the performance of the hydrogen storage bottle meets the standard requirements on one hand, and greatly reduces the workload of detection and evaluation on the other hand, and has the advantages of high automation degree, compact structure, small occupied area and low manufacturing and operating cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a cabinet portion of a low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath and metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system data acquisition module, the driving board, the electromagnetic valve, the intermediate relay, the mass flow controller valve control end and the DC power supply module.
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a cover of a thermostatic bath of an activation system for a low-cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement and control system of a low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a connected hydrogen storage cylinder of a low cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a flow chart of nitrogen charging leak detection of a low-cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a cyclic activation process for a low cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a flow chart of a discharge test of a low cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a disconnected hydrogen storage cylinder of a low cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 vacuum pump, 2 hydrogen source, 3 nitrogen source, 4 second pressure reducing valve, 5 first pressure reducing valve, 6 first filter, 7 second filter, 8 pressure regulating valve, 9 electromagnetic valve group, 10 DC power supply module, 11 drive plate, 12 mass flow controller, 13 third pressure reducing valve, 14 first pneumatic diaphragm valve, 15 first pressure transmitter, 16 second pneumatic diaphragm valve, 17 first pressure gauge, 18 third pneumatic diaphragm valve, 19 fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 20 fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 21 sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 22 seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve, 23 eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 24 ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 25 tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve, 26 second pressure gauge, 27 second pressure transmitter, 28 data acquisition module, 29 first microporous flow restrictor, 30 second microporous flow restrictor, 31 first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, 32 second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, 33 third air inlet throttling type flow regulating valve, 28 second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, 34 a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve, 35 a first exhaust fan, 36 a second exhaust fan, 37 a third exhaust fan, 38 a cabinet body, 39 a refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath tank, 40 a first circulating water outlet, 41 a second circulating water outlet, 42 a third circulating water outlet, 43 a fourth circulating water outlet, 44 a refrigerating and heat exchanging coil pipe, 45 a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, 46 an electric heating pipe, 47 a circulating water outlet, 48 a waterproof sleeve pipe, 49 copper powder, 50 a temperature measuring sensor, 51 a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe, 52 a positioning plate, 53 a valve control end, 54 a first intermediate relay, 55 a second intermediate relay, 56 a constant temperature bath tank cover, 57 a handle, 58 a sliding cover, 1-1 node 1, 1-2 node 2, 1-3 node 3, 1-4 node 4, 1-5 node 5, 1-6 node 6, 1-7 node 7, 1-8 node 8, 1-9 nodes 9, 1-10 nodes 10, 1-11 nodes 11, 1-12 nodes 12, 1-13 nodes 13, 1-14 nodes 14, 1-15 nodes 15, 1-16 nodes 16, 1-17 nodes 17, 1-18 nodes 18, 1-19 nodes 19, 1-20 nodes 20.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The low-cost multichannel thermally-coupled energy-saving activation system for the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle comprises a nitrogen source 3, a hydrogen source 2, a first pressure reducing valve 5, a second pressure reducing valve 4, a third pressure reducing valve 13, a first filter 6, a second filter 7, a mass flow controller 12, a first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24, a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25, a vacuum pump 1, a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil 51 with a quick connector, a refrigeration and heating type constant-temperature bath 39, a temperature measuring sensor 50, a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45, a first pressure transmitter 15, a second pressure transmitter 27, a first pressure gauge 17, a second pressure gauge 26, a pressure regulating valve 8, The device comprises a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 31, a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 32, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 33, a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 34, a first micropore current limiter 29, a second micropore current limiter 30, a solenoid valve group 9, a direct current power supply module 10, a driving plate 11, a data acquisition module 28, a first intermediate relay 54, a second intermediate relay 55, a first exhaust fan 35, a second exhaust fan 36, a third exhaust fan 37, a cabinet body 38, an aluminum profile frame with rollers, a water-stop sleeve 48, copper powder 49, an industrial personal computer and measurement and control software based on Python environment programming.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the node 1, the node 2, the node 3, the node 4, the node 5, the node 6, the node 7, the node 8, the node 9, the node 10, the node 11, the node 12, the node 13, the node 14, the node 15, the node 16, the node 17, the node 18, the node 19 and the node 20 are respectively connected with a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 through a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil 51 with a quick connector, and each node is connected with one metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45. Wherein, the reference numbers of the nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 in the drawing are 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 1-18, 1-19 and 1-20 respectively; the metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders connected to nodes 1 through 10 are referred to as a first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders. The metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders connected to nodes 11 through 20 are referred to as a second column of metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders. As shown in figure 1, a hydrogen source 2 is connected with a first pressure reducing valve 5 and a first filter 6 in sequence, and then is respectively connected with the inlet end of a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19 and the inlet end of a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24 through a three-way joint, so that two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles can be rapidly charged with hydrogen respectively. The maximum pressure at the inlet end of the first pressure reducing valve 5 is 15MPa, and the pressure at the outlet end ranges from 5MPa to 10 MPa. The nitrogen source 3 is connected with the second pressure reducing valve 4 and the second filter 7 in sequence, and then is connected with the inlet end of the third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18, the inlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25 and the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve 8 through the four-way joint respectively, so that the quick nitrogen filling, pressure maintaining and leakage detection of two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are realized respectively, and driving gas is provided for the switches of all the pneumatic diaphragm valves. The maximum pressure at the inlet end of the second pressure reducing valve 4 is 15MPa, and the pressure at the outlet end is 0.9-1 MPa. The pressure range of the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve 8 is about 0.5-0.6 MPa. The outlet end of the pressure regulating valve 8 is connected with the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve group 9. The solenoid valve group 9 includes 10 normally closed solenoid valves, and has 10 outlet ports, and each of the normally closed solenoid valves is used for controlling whether each of the outlet ports is communicated with the outlet port of the pressure regulating valve 8. The number of the electromagnetic valves is the same as that of the pneumatic diaphragm valves. When the normally closed type solenoid valve is electrified, the solenoid valve is in an open state, and when the normally closed type solenoid valve is deenergized, the solenoid valve is in a closed state. The power-on state of each electromagnetic valve on the electromagnetic valve group 9 is controlled by the driving plate 11, and the working state of each electromagnetic valve is controlled by the data acquisition module 28. Each outlet end on the electromagnetic valve group 9 is finally connected with the cylinder inlet ends of a first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24 and a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25 respectively in a polyurethane hose connection mode. The first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 31 is installed in a polyurethane hose connecting air path between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group 9 and the inlet end of the air cylinder of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, the second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 32 is installed in a polyurethane hose connecting air path between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group 9 and the inlet end of the air cylinder of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, the third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 33 is installed in an air path between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group 9 and the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, and the fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 34 is installed in a polyurethane hose connecting air path between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group 9 and the inlet end of the air cylinder of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23. The outlet ends of other electromagnetic valve groups 9 are directly connected with the inlet of the pneumatic diaphragm valve cylinder, and other parts are omitted. The air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve can drive air flow to slowly enter the air cylinder of the pneumatic diaphragm valve and slowly push the piston to slowly open the pneumatic diaphragm valve, meanwhile, the air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve can quickly unload air in the air cylinder of the pneumatic diaphragm valve to quickly close the pneumatic diaphragm valve, in addition, the use amount of nitrogen driving air can be effectively reduced, and the use cost of equipment is greatly reduced. The sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21 is a vacuumizing outlet stop valve of the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation gas circuit, and the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22 is a vacuumizing outlet stop valve of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation gas circuit. The outlet end of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21 and the outlet end of the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22 are connected together through a tee joint, and the other end of the tee joint is connected with the inlet end of the vacuum pump 1. The vacuum pump 1 is used for slowly vacuumizing two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation gas circuits respectively so as to realize the extraction of impurity gas and the thorough dehydrogenation of metal hydride from the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. The fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20 is a hydrogen evacuation stop valve of the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation gas circuit, and the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 is a hydrogen evacuation stop valve of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation gas circuit. The outlet end of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20 and the outlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 are connected to the second microporous flow restrictor 30 and the first microporous flow restrictor 29 respectively and then connected together by a tee to effect evacuation. The high-pressure hydrogen in the activation gas circuit of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle can be slowly emptied by combining the microporous flow restrictor, the air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve and the pneumatic diaphragm valve, so that the damage to the valve and the pollution to a pipeline caused by the rapid hydrogen flow wrapping a large amount of powder flow. The inlet end of a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21 is connected with a node 1 through a steel pipe, the node 1 is connected with a node 2 through a steel pipe, the node 2 is connected with a node 3 through a steel pipe, the node 3 is connected with a node 4 through a steel pipe, the node 4 is connected with a node 5 through a steel pipe, the node 5 is connected with a node 6 through a steel pipe, the node 6 is connected with a node 7 through a steel pipe, the node 7 is connected with a node 8 through a steel pipe, the node 8 is connected with a node 9 through a steel pipe, the node 9 is connected with the inlet end of a second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16 through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16 is connected with a node 10 through a steel pipe, the node 10 is connected with a first pressure transmitter 15 through a steel pipe, the node 10 is connected with the inlet end of a first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14 through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14 is connected with the inlet end of a third pressure reducing valve 13, and the outlet end of the third pressure reducing valve 13 is connected with the inlet end of a mass flow controller 12, the outlet end of the mass flow controller 12 is open directly to the atmosphere. The inlet pressure range of the third pressure reducing valve 13 is 0.1-2 MPa, and the outlet pressure range is 0.1-0.2 MPa. The discharge pressure is made to meet the operating requirements of the mass flow controller 12 by the third pressure reducing valve 13. The mass flow controller 12 is calibrated with hydrogen gas to control the outflow rate of hydrogen gas and to test the hydrogen storage capacity of the metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder 45 connected to the node 10. The node 4 is connected with the inlet end of a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20 through a steel pipe, the node 5 is connected with the outlet end of a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19 through a steel pipe, the node 6 is connected with the outlet end of a third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18 through a steel pipe, and the node 7 is connected with a first pressure gauge 17 through a steel pipe. Through the first pressure gauge 17, the operator can directly observe and obtain the hydrogen pressure of the activation gas circuit of the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. The inlet end of a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22 is connected with a node 20 through a steel pipe, the node 20 is connected with a node 19 through a steel pipe, the node 19 is connected with a node 18 through a steel pipe, the node 18 is connected with a node 17 through a steel pipe, the node 17 is connected with a node 16 through a steel pipe, the node 16 is connected with a node 15 through a steel pipe, the node 15 is connected with a node 14 through a steel pipe, the node 14 is connected with a node 13 through a steel pipe, the node 13 is connected with a node 12 through a steel pipe, the node 12 is connected with a node 11 through a steel pipe, the node 14 is connected with a second pressure transmitter 27 through a steel pipe, and the node 17 is connected with the inlet end of an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 through a steel pipe. The node 17 is connected with the inlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 through a steel pipe, the node 16 is connected with the outlet end of the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24 through a steel pipe, the node 15 is connected with the outlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25 through a steel pipe, and the node 18 is connected with the second pressure gauge 26 through a steel pipe. Through the second pressure gauge 26, the operator can directly observe and obtain the hydrogen pressure of the activation gas circuit of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. The telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe with the quick connector is adopted, so that the pipeline can bear enough pressure, and the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is convenient to connect and detach. The system can be further expanded to a plurality of nodes as needed to connect more metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders for a batch activation of more metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders. If it is desired to expand the number of nodes, it is generally desirable to expand the number of nodes by equal amounts symmetrically between nodes 2 and 3, between nodes 8 and 9, between nodes 12 and 13, and between nodes 18 and 19 to achieve better thermal matching and reduce the effects of gas flow resistance. The direct current power supply module 10 provides 24V direct current and positive and negative 15V direct current required by normal work for the mass flow controller 12, the first pressure transmitter 15, the second pressure transmitter 27, the temperature measuring sensor 50, the electromagnetic valve group 9 and the driving plate 11.
In the whole system, a first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14, a second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16, a third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23, a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24, a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25, a first filter 6, a second filter 7, a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 31, a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 32, a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 33, a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve 34, a first microporous flow restrictor 29, a second microporous flow restrictor 30, a pressure regulating valve 8, a first pressure gauge 17, a second pressure gauge 26, a first pressure transmitter 15, a second pressure transmitter 27, a third pressure reducing valve 13, a mass flow controller 12, an electromagnetic valve group 9, a direct current power supply module 10, a drive board 11, a data acquisition module 28, a first intermediate relay 54, the second intermediate relay 55 and associated connecting air passages and wires are integrally contained within the cabinet 38. The cabinet 38 protects critical parts of the system. The cabinet 38 is provided with a first exhaust fan 35, a second exhaust fan 36, and a third exhaust fan 37. The three exhaust fans can well promote heat exchange and quality exchange, because the pipeline system is mainly high-pressure hydrogen, the high-pressure hydrogen has Joule Thomson effect when charging and discharging, so that the hydrogen in the pipeline is remarkably heated and cooled, the exhaust fans can quickly promote the heat exchange between the hydrogen in the pipeline and the external air, the temperature of the hydrogen in the pipeline is stabilized as soon as possible, and the pressure data obtained by testing is more stable. In addition, the three exhaust fans can cool the related working circuit, so that various electrical components can work more stably and reliably. In addition, hydrogen is a gas that is easily leaked and exploded. It is very dangerous for the high pressure hydrogen circuit if there is a slight amount of long term leakage and build up in the enclosed space inside the cabinet 38. The three exhaust fans can guide out the possibly-existing trace hydrogen inside the cabinet body 38 in time, so that local accumulation and further explosion are avoided, and the working safety of the whole system is greatly improved. The cabinet body 38 is integrally placed on an aluminum profile frame with rollers, so that the cabinet body is convenient to move. The aluminum profile frame is provided with 4 movable hooks with hanging chains for hanging the thermostatic bath cover 56 at a higher position, so that an operator can conveniently put the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle into the bath or take the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle out, and connect and disconnect the quick connector.
As shown in fig. 2, a surrounding refrigerating and heat exchanging coil 44 is arranged around the inner wall of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath 39. The cooling medium is cooled by the compressor and then flows in the cooling heat exchange coil 44 to cool the constant temperature medium water in the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. All the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are symmetrically distributed in two rows in the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. An electric heating tube 46 is arranged at the bottom of the refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath 39 in the area between two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45. The electric heating tube 46 is used for heating the constant temperature medium water in the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. A circulating water pump is installed inside the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. In order to promote the heat exchange effect between the constant temperature medium water and the metal hydrogenation hydrogen storage bottle 45, the bottom of the center of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath 39 is provided with a circulating water outlet 47, and the inner walls of the periphery of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath 39 are respectively provided with a first circulating water inlet 40, a second circulating water inlet 41, a third circulating water inlet 42 and a fourth circulating water inlet 43. The four circulating water inlets are uniformly distributed. The position of each circulating water inlet is shown in fig. 3, and the connecting line of adjacent circulating water inlets is at an angle of 30 degrees or 60 degrees with the inner wall of the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. The circulating water inlet and outlet structure can obtain good heat exchange effect.
The metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder 45 emits or absorbs a large amount of heat when it absorbs or desorbs hydrogen. As shown in fig. 3, each of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 is placed in a water-stop sleeve 48 made of an aluminum alloy material in order to facilitate heat exchange while avoiding spots such as scale rust from being caused by direct contact with the constant temperature medium water in the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39. At the same time, the gap between the water-stop sleeve 48 and the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 is filled with the copper powder 49. All the water-stop sleeves 48 are placed in the circular holes of the bottom positioning plate 52 of the cooling and heating type thermostatic bath 39. By the positioning plate 52, the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 can be prevented from toppling over, and a user can quickly place a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 at corresponding positions.
As shown in fig. 4, the analog input port of the data acquisition module 28 is connected to the signal output ports of the first pressure transmitter 15, the second pressure transmitter 27, the temperature sensor 50, and the mass flow controller 12 through wires. The pressure signal, the temperature signal and the flow signal of the related gas circuit are led into the data acquisition module 28 through the connection of the leads. The analog output port of data acquisition module 28 is connected to the signal input port of mass flow controller 12. The flow control signal of the data acquisition module 28 is led into the mass flow controller 12 through the connection of the lead, so as to control the hydrogen flow rate. Digital output ports (DO1-DO12) of the data acquisition module 28 are connected with corresponding ports (1-12) of the drive plate 11 through leads, so that the on-off state of relevant electromagnetic valves in the electromagnetic valve group 9 is controlled. The data acquisition module 28 is connected with the industrial personal computer through an electromagnetic shielding communication line. The driving board 11 adopts a field effect transistor, the signal at the input end is NPN, the signal input voltage is 3.3V, each path of the input end adopts a photoelectric isolation module, the safety of the control end is effectively protected, and meanwhile, 10 paths of bipolar state indicating lamps are matched. The output end is provided with diode anti-surge protection and diode anti-reverse connection protection. VCC and GND port are the power supply port of drive plate 11, according to the suggestion voltage wiring. The COM port is connected with the common electrode of the signal control end; the output end of the controlled electric appliance is an open drain output with the label of O1-O12. The drive plate 11 is mounted on DIN35mm rails. The data acquisition module 28 controls the O12 port of the drive board 11 to electrify the first intermediate relay 54, the first intermediate relay 54 acts after the electrification, the valve control end 53 of the flow controller is connected with the +15V port of the direct-current power supply module, the state is maintained for 20-30 seconds, and then the first intermediate relay 54 is powered off. At this time, the electromagnetic regulating valve inside the flow controller is in a fully closed state. When the data acquisition module 28 controls the O12 and O11 ports of the driving board 11 to simultaneously energize the first intermediate relay 54 and the second intermediate relay 55, the flow controller valve control end 53 is connected with the-15V port of the direct current power supply module, the state is maintained for 20-30 seconds, and then the first intermediate relay 54 and the second intermediate relay 55 are de-energized. At this time, the electromagnetic valve regulating valve inside the flow controller is in a full-open state. When the first intermediate relay 54 does not act, the electromagnetic regulating valve inside the mass flow controller 12 is in a self-regulating state, and the electromagnetic regulating valve regulates the drift diameter according to the set flow.
As shown in fig. 5, the cooling and heating type constant temperature bath 39 is provided with a constant temperature bath cover 56 and the same number of slide covers 58 as the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45. Each retractable high pressure stainless steel coil 51 with a quick connector connected to the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 can pass through a central circular hole of each sliding cover 58. The sliding cover 58 can remarkably accelerate the quick connection and disconnection operation between the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil 51 with the quick connector and the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45, and simultaneously ensures the stable temperature in the refrigeration and heating type constant temperature bath 39, the small energy loss and the small volatilization of the constant temperature medium water. Since the thermostatic bath cover 56 is large, four handles 57 are mounted thereon, facilitating the operator to lift and fix the thermostatic bath cover 56 in four directions at the same time. The outer diameter of the spiral of the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe is 30-40 mm, the spiral gap is 10-20 mm, and the outer diameter of the pipe is 1/8 inches. The constant temperature range of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath is 5-90 ℃.
As shown in fig. 6, the low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system realizes man-machine interaction by running measurement and control software on an industrial personal computer. The measurement and control software is compiled based on a Python programming environment. The control software communicates with the data acquisition module 28 through a data acquisition module driver to complete data acquisition of the actually measured flow output end of the temperature measurement sensor 50, the pressure transmitters 15 and 27 and the mass flow controller 12, sets the flow signal input end of the mass flow controller 12, controls the states of the drive plate 11 and the intermediate relays 54 and 55, and further controls the on-off state of the pneumatic diaphragm valve and the on-off state of the electromagnetic regulating valve inside the mass flow controller 12. In addition, the measurement and control software also monitors temperature, pressure and flow data for a long time, and mainly monitors the pressure and temperature change in the process when the hydrogen storage bottle is connected, nitrogen filled for leakage detection, circulated and activated and disconnected. During the hydrogen discharge test, the hydrogen discharge performance of a single metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is tested through the mass flow controller 12, and the test mainly comprises the flow rate change, the accumulated discharge amount, the discharge time in the hydrogen discharge process, and the time for maintaining the stable hydrogen discharge flow rate under different flow rate setting conditions. The judgment of the device for exhaustion of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is judged based on the magnitude of the instantaneous flow rate. And when the hydrogen discharge flow rate is less than or equal to 0.2-0.4 SLM (2% FS), the hydrogen discharge test of the hydrogen storage bottle is finished. The hydrogen storage cylinder hydrogen discharge capacity measured based on the results is more meaningful for engineering applications. The setting of the exhaust pressure in the invention patent ZL201710119306.2 integrated equipment for activation, performance test and packaging of a multi-channel alloy hydrogen storage tank and the process flow thereof needs to be determined according to the hydrogen exhaust PCT curve of a specific hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage tank, so that the complexity and workload of the test work are increased. In addition, because the components of the hydrogen storage material, the components of the filling material and the mixture ratio of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles manufactured in the same batch are the same, the test of the hydrogen discharge performance by randomly and randomly sampling one metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle in the same batch is the best strategy for controlling the quality of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle with low cost and high efficiency.
The technological process of the low-cost multichannel thermally-coupled energy-saving type metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system comprises the steps of connecting the hydrogen storage bottle, filling nitrogen for leak detection, circularly activating, performing hydrogen discharge test and disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle. Wherein, as shown in fig. 7, the main flow of connecting the hydrogen storage bottle is as follows: the cover 56 of the constant temperature bath is lifted, 4 handles 57 are respectively hooked by a movable hook on the aluminum profile frame and fixed in a half-hollow state, the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 is placed in the center of each circular hole of the positioning plate 52 and then connected with the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil 51 through a quick connector.
As shown in fig. 8, the main flow of nitrogen filling leak detection is as follows: and (3) operating on measurement and control software to close all the pneumatic diaphragm valves and electromagnetic regulating valves in the mass flow controller 12, opening the third pneumatic diaphragm valve 18, opening the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve 25, filling 0.9-1 MPa of nitrogen into the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45, then putting purified water into the refrigeration and heating type constant-temperature bath 39, wherein the water level of the purified water is higher than the screw thread and the quick joint position of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45, observing the screw thread and the quick joint position and the hydrogen storage bottle body after placing for 10-20 minutes to see whether bubbles emerge, and performing targeted maintenance to perform nitrogen filling and leakage detection operation again if bubbles emerge, until the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 is confirmed to have no bubbles emerge on the whole, which indicates that the sealing is good. The bubble leakage detection method can quickly locate the position of the leakage point of the hydrogen storage bottle, and can conveniently and quickly make maintenance measures. In addition, nitrogen is inert gas, and the safety for leak detection is relatively high. After confirming that all hydrogen storage bottles are free from any leakage, all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are placed in the water-isolating sleeve 48, and copper powder 49 is poured so as to be submerged in the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45, so that the heat transfer effect is remarkably improved. Then, the 4 handles 57 are disconnected from the movable hooks, the thermostatic bath cover 56 is lowered, and each slide cover 58 is put in place.
As shown in fig. 9, the main flow of cyclic activation is: and (3) opening the vacuum pump 1, opening the refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath 39, setting the constant temperature and the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times, when the water bath temperature reaches the constant temperature, simultaneously opening the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 and the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, reducing the internal pressure of the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles to be less than or equal to 0.12MPa, then opening the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21 and the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, vacuumizing the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 according to the time length set by an operator, and completely pumping various gas impurities in the steel bottles. And then the next operation, namely the hydrogen charging operation is carried out. The hydrogen charging of the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles is performed in sequence, namely, the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19 and the second pneumatic diaphragm valve 16 are opened, and the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 is charged. The pressure is confirmed to not drop any more, and the first row of hydrogen storage bottles are saturated with hydrogen. Then the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19 is closed, the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20 and the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve 24 are opened, the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are filled with high-pressure hydrogen, and the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are allowed to discharge hydrogen to the atmosphere. And closing the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20, opening the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45. Confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are saturated by absorbed hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are completely dehydrogenated. And closing the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve 21, opening the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19, charging the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45, and opening the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 to discharge hydrogen to the atmosphere from the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. And (5) confirming that the internal pressure of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 is less than or equal to 0.12MPa, opening the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve 22, and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45. Confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, ensuring that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are saturated by absorbed hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are completely dehydrogenated. The sixth and ninth pneumatic diaphragm valves 21, 24 are closed. And judging whether the hydrogen absorption and desorption circulation times reach the set times. And if the set times are not reached, repeatedly charging hydrogen into the row of hydrogen storage bottles, and dehydrogenating the row of hydrogen storage bottles until the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times meet the set times. And if the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times reach the set times, opening the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve 19 to ensure that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are closed after being saturated with hydrogen. The activation mode of filling hydrogen into one row of hydrogen storage bottles and discharging hydrogen from one row of hydrogen storage bottles is low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving activation. Because metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles emit a large amount of heat when absorbing hydrogen and absorb a large amount of heat when releasing hydrogen. The two rows of hydrogen storage bottles are equal in number and same in specification, one row of hydrogen storage bottles absorbs hydrogen and releases heat, one row of hydrogen storage bottles releases hydrogen and absorbs heat, and the amount of heat absorbed and released is approximately equal, so that the temperature in the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath 39 is not remarkably increased or reduced, and the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath 39 is not additionally started to heat an electric heating pipe or refrigerate by a compressor for maintaining the temperature basically, so that the remarkable energy saving is realized.
As shown in fig. 10, the main flow of the hydrogen discharge test is: setting the hydrogen discharge flow rate in the measurement and control software, closing all the pneumatic diaphragm valves, then opening the first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14 to ensure that the electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller 12 is in a default valve control state, and at the moment, starting the work of the mass flow controller 12 and measuringThe control software records the changes of pressure, temperature and flow velocity in real time, and meanwhile, the flow velocity is integrated to obtain the accumulated flow, and the calculation formula of the accumulated hydrogen release mass is as follows
Figure BDA0002335721810000171
qmIndicating the measured instantaneous hydrogen evolution flow rate. The mass flow controller 12 is calibrated by hydrogen, and the calculation of the accumulated hydrogen discharge mass is simpler and more accurate without adding a conversion factor. When hydrogen discharge flow rate qmAnd when the hydrogen release test is less than or equal to 0.2-0.4 SLM, the hydrogen release test of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 45 connected with the node 10 is considered to be finished. And closing the first pneumatic diaphragm valve 14, controlling the electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller 12 to be in a fully closed state, maintaining for 2-3 seconds, and ending the hydrogen discharge test process.
As shown in fig. 11, the main procedure of disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle is as follows: and opening a manual program in the measurement and control software, and observing the pressures of two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. If the pressure of the hydrogen in the corresponding pipeline is higher, the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve 23 and the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve 20 need to be opened respectively, so that the pressure of the hydrogen in the corresponding gas circuit is less than or equal to 0.12 MPa. If the hydrogen pressure of the corresponding gas path is less than or equal to 0.12MPa, the sliding cover 58 is moved to a proper fixed position above, the cover 56 of the constant temperature bath is lifted, and the 4 handles 57 are hooked by the movable hook on the aluminum section frame and fixed in the half-air. Each retractable high pressure stainless steel coil 51 with a quick connector is then disconnected from each metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder 45 at the quick connector position and the metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder 45 is then removed from the water-blocking sleeve 48. After all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 45 are taken out from the water-stop sleeve 48, the thermostatic bath cover 56 is lowered, and the operation of disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottles is finished.

Claims (6)

1. Low-cost multichannel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system, its characterized in that: comprises a nitrogen source (3), a hydrogen source (2), a first pressure reducing valve (5), a second pressure reducing valve (4), a third pressure reducing valve (13), a first filter (6), a second filter (7), a mass flow controller (12), a first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24), a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25), a vacuum pump (1), a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe (51) with a quick connector, a refrigeration and heating type constant-temperature bath (39), a temperature measuring sensor (50), a metal hydride bottle (45), a first pressure transmitter (15), a second pressure transmitter (27), The device comprises a first pressure gauge (17), a second pressure gauge (26), a pressure regulating valve (8), a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (31), a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (32), a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (33), a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (34), a first microporous current limiter (29), a second microporous current limiter (30), an electromagnetic valve group (9), a direct-current power supply module (10), a driving plate (11), a data acquisition module (28), a first intermediate relay (54), a second intermediate relay (55), an industrial personal computer and measurement and control software which is compiled based on a Python environment;
wherein: the hydrogen source (2) is sequentially connected with the first reducing valve (5) and the first filter (6) and then is respectively connected with the inlet end of the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19) and the inlet end of the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) through a three-way joint;
the nitrogen source (3) is sequentially connected with the second pressure reducing valve (4) and the second filter (7) and then is respectively connected with the inlet end of the third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), the inlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25) and the inlet end of the pressure regulating valve (8) through a four-way joint; the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve (8) is connected with the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9); the electromagnetic valve group (9) comprises a plurality of normally closed electromagnetic valves, and each normally closed electromagnetic valve is used for controlling whether the outlet end of each electromagnetic valve group (9) is communicated with the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve (8); the power-on state of each electromagnetic valve on the electromagnetic valve group (9) is controlled by the driving plate (11), and the working state of each electromagnetic valve is controlled by the data acquisition module (28); each outlet end on the electromagnetic valve group (9) is finally connected with the cylinder inlet ends of a first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) and a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25) respectively, and the connection mode is a polyurethane hose; a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9) and the inlet end of the cylinder of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20) is provided with a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (31), a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9) and the inlet end of the cylinder of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21) is provided with a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (32), a gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9) and the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22) is provided with a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (33), and a polyurethane hose connecting gas circuit between the outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9) and the inlet end of the cylinder of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) is provided with a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (34); the rest outlet end of the electromagnetic valve group (9) is directly connected with the cylinder inlets of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), the second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), the third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) and the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25), and no other part is arranged; the outlet end of the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21) is connected with the outlet end of the seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22) through a tee joint, and the other end of the tee joint is connected with the inlet end of the vacuum pump (1); the outlet end of the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20) and the outlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) are respectively connected with a second microporous flow restrictor (30) and a first microporous flow restrictor (29), and then are connected together through a tee joint; the inlet end of a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21) is connected with a node 1(1-1) through a steel pipe, the node 1(1-1) is connected with a node 2(1-2) through a steel pipe, the node 2(1-2) is connected with a node 3(1-3) through a steel pipe, the node 3(1-3) is connected with a node 4(1-4) through a steel pipe, the node 4(1-4) is connected with a node 5(1-5) through a steel pipe, the node 5(1-5) is connected with a node 6(1-6) through a steel pipe, the node 6(1-6) is connected with a node 7(1-7) through a steel pipe, the node 7(1-7) is connected with a node 8(1-8) through a steel pipe, the node 8(1-8) is connected with a node diaphragm valve (1-9) through a steel pipe, the node 9(1-9) is connected with the inlet end of a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16) through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16) is connected with the node 10(1-10) through a steel pipe, the node 10(1-10) is connected with the first pressure transmitter (15) through a steel pipe, the node 10(1-10) is connected with the inlet end of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14) through a steel pipe, the outlet end of the first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14) is connected with the inlet end of the third pressure reducing valve (13), the outlet end of the third pressure reducing valve (13) is connected with the inlet end of the mass flow controller (12), and the outlet end of the mass flow controller (12) is directly communicated to the atmosphere; the node 4(1-4) is connected with the inlet end of a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20) through a steel pipe, the node 5(1-5) is connected with the outlet end of a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19) through a steel pipe, the node 6(1-6) is connected with the outlet end of a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18) through a steel pipe, and the node 7(1-7) is connected with a first pressure gauge (17) through a steel pipe; through the first pressure gauge (17), an operator can directly observe and obtain the hydrogen pressure of the activation gas circuit of the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45); the inlet end of a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22) is connected with nodes 20(1-20) through steel pipes, the nodes 20(1-20) are connected with nodes 19(1-19) through steel pipes, the nodes 19(1-19) are connected with nodes 18(1-18) through steel pipes, the nodes 18(1-18) are connected with nodes 17(1-17) through steel pipes, the nodes 17(1-17) are connected with nodes 16(1-16) through steel pipes, the nodes 16(1-16) are connected with nodes 15(1-15) through steel pipes, the nodes 15(1-15) are connected with nodes 14(1-14) through steel pipes, the nodes 14(1-14) are connected with nodes 13(1-13) through steel pipes, the nodes 13(1-13) are connected with nodes 12(1-12) through steel pipes, the nodes 12(1-12) are connected with the nodes 11(1-11) through steel pipes, the nodes 14(1-14) are connected with a second pressure transmitter (27) through steel pipes, and the nodes 17(1-17) are connected with the inlet ends of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valves (23) through steel pipes; the nodes 17(1-17) are connected with the inlet end of the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) through steel pipes, the nodes 16(1-16) are connected with the outlet end of the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) through steel pipes, the nodes 15(1-15) are connected with the outlet end of the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25) through steel pipes, and the nodes 18(1-18) are connected with the second pressure gauge (26) through steel pipes; the direct current power supply module (10) provides 24V direct current and positive and negative 15V direct current required by normal work for the mass flow controller (12), the first pressure transmitter (15), the second pressure transmitter (27), the temperature measuring sensor (50), the electromagnetic valve group (9) and the drive plate (11);
the switch state of the first intermediate relay (54) is controlled by a data acquisition module through a drive board (11), the anode of an input loop of the first intermediate relay is connected with a +24V terminal of a direct-current power supply module (10), the cathode of the input loop of the first intermediate relay is connected with an output port of the drive board (11), a common contact of an output loop of the first intermediate relay is connected with a valve control end (53) of a mass flow controller, a normally closed contact of the output loop of the first intermediate relay is in a suspended state, a normally open contact of the output loop of the first intermediate relay is connected with a common contact of an output loop of a second intermediate relay (55), a normally closed contact of the output loop of the second intermediate relay (55) is connected with a +15V terminal of the direct-current power supply module (10), a normally open contact of the output loop of the second intermediate relay (55) is connected with a-15V terminal of the direct-current power supply module (10), the anode of the input loop of the second intermediate relay (55) is connected with the +24V terminal of the direct-current power supply module (10), the negative pole of the input loop is connected with the output port of the driving plate (11);
node 1(1-1), node 2(1-2), node 3(1-3), node 4(1-4), node 5(1-5), node 6(1-6), node 7(1-7), node 8(1-8), node 9(1-9) and node 10(1-10), the nodes 11(1-11), 12(1-12), 13(1-13), 14(1-14), 15(1-15), 16(1-16), 17(1-17), 18(1-18), 19(1-19) and 20(1-20) are respectively connected with a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) through a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe (51) with a quick connector.
2. The low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system of claim 1, wherein: in the whole system, a first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24), a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25), a first filter (6), a second filter (7), a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (31), a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (32), a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (33), a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (34), a first microporous flow restrictor (29), a second microporous flow restrictor (30), a pressure regulating valve (8), a first pressure gauge (17), a second pressure gauge (26), a first pressure transmitter (15), a second pressure transmitter (27), a first pressure transmitter (27), a second pressure transmitter (27) and a second pressure transmitter (24), A third reducing valve (13), a mass flow controller (12), an electromagnetic valve group (9), a direct-current power supply module (10), a driving plate (11), a data acquisition module (28), a first intermediate relay (54), a second intermediate relay (55) and a whole formed by connecting an air circuit and a lead are arranged in the cabinet body (38); a first exhaust fan (35), a second exhaust fan (36) and a third exhaust fan (37) are arranged on the cabinet body (38), and the cabinet body (38) is integrally placed on an aluminum profile frame with rollers; the aluminum section frame is provided with 4 movable hooks with a hanging chain.
3. The low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system of claim 1, wherein: the maximum pressure at the inlet end of the first pressure reducing valve (5) is 15MPa, and the pressure at the outlet end of the first pressure reducing valve is 5-10 MPa; the maximum pressure at the inlet end of the second pressure reducing valve (4) is 15MPa, and the pressure at the outlet end is 0.9-1 MPa; the pressure range of the outlet end of the pressure regulating valve (8) is 0.5-0.6 MPa; the inlet pressure range of the third pressure reducing valve (13) is 0.1-2 MPa, and the outlet pressure range is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
4. The low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system of claim 1, wherein: the system can be further expanded to a plurality of nodes as needed to connect more metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders (45) for a batch activation of more metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinders; if the number of nodes needs to be expanded, symmetrical equal expansion is generally performed between nodes 2(1-2) and 3(1-3), between nodes 8(1-8) and 9(1-9), between nodes 12(1-12) and 13(1-13), and between nodes 18(1-18) and 19 (1-19).
5. The low-cost multi-channel thermally-coupled energy-efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system of claim 1, wherein: the activation mode that one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are charged with hydrogen and one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are discharged with hydrogen is carried out in a reciprocating way, so that low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving activation is realized; because the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) releases a large amount of heat when absorbing hydrogen, and absorbs a large amount of heat when releasing hydrogen; the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are equal in number and same in specification, one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) absorb hydrogen and release heat, one row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) release hydrogen and absorb heat, and the heat absorption and release quantity is approximately equal, so that the temperature of the constant temperature bath can not be remarkably increased or reduced, and the constant temperature bath can not be additionally started to heat an electric heating pipe or a compressor for refrigeration for maintaining the temperature basically, thereby realizing remarkable energy saving;
the slow evacuation of high-pressure hydrogen in an activation gas circuit of a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is realized through the combination of a first microporous flow limiter (29), a second microporous flow limiter (30), a first air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (31), a second air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (32), a third air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (33), a fourth air inlet throttling type speed regulating valve (34), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22) and an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), so that the damage of the valves and the pollution of pipelines caused by the channeling of a large amount of powder flow wrapped by rapid hydrogen flow is avoided;
the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is separated from the constant temperature medium water in the mode of the aluminum alloy water-proof sleeve (48) and the copper powder (49), so that not only can the phenomenon that the appearance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is affected by rusty spots caused by the constant temperature medium water be avoided, but also lower heat transfer resistance can be ensured, and the activation efficiency is improved;
a constant temperature bath cover (56) and sliding covers (58) with the same number as the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are arranged on the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39); each telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe (51) with a quick connector connected with the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) can penetrate through a central circular hole of each sliding cover (58); four handles (57) are arranged on the thermostatic bath cover (56); the periphery of the inner wall of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath is provided with a surrounding refrigerating and heat exchanging coil; the cooling medium flows in the refrigeration heat exchange coil after being refrigerated and cooled by the compressor, so that the constant temperature medium water is cooled; an electric heating tube is arranged at the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39); a circulating water pump is arranged in the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39), a circulating water outlet is formed at the bottom of the center, and four circulating water inlets are respectively formed on the peripheral inner walls; the four circulating water inlets are uniformly distributed; the connecting line of the adjacent circulating water inlets forms an angle of 30 degrees or 60 degrees with the inner wall; the constant temperature range of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39) is 5-90 ℃;
the spiral outer diameter of the telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil (51) is 30-40 mm, the spiral gap is 10-20 mm, and the outer diameter of the coil is 1/8 inches;
the flow rate control range of the mass flow controller (12) is 0-20SLM, the calibration gas is hydrogen, the calculation formula of the accumulated hydrogen release mass (g) is as follows,
Figure FDA0003297653540000061
qmrepresenting a measured instantaneous hydrogen discharge flow rate (SLM); the judgment of the low-cost multi-channel thermal coupling energy-saving metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle activation system on the exhaustion of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is based on the judgment of the instantaneous flow rate; when the hydrogen discharge flow rate is reduced to be less than or equal to 0.4SLM (2% FS), the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is considered to be completely discharged;
the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39) is provided with a positioning plate (52), each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is arranged in a water-proof sleeve (48) filled with copper powder (49), and then the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are respectively arranged in 20 circular holes on the positioning plate (52); through the positioning plate (52), on one hand, the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) can be prevented from toppling over, and on the other hand, a user can conveniently and quickly place a plurality of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) with water-isolating sleeves at corresponding positions, so that a good positioning effect is achieved; in order to ensure that the water temperature in the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39) is uniform and constant, the bottom of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39) is provided with a circulating water outlet (47), and the four walls are provided with a first circulating water inlet (40), a second circulating water inlet (41), a third circulating water inlet (42) and a fourth circulating water inlet (43); the water flow in the refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath (39) enters from a first circulating water inlet (40), a second circulating water inlet (41), a third circulating water inlet (42) and a fourth circulating water inlet (43) on the four walls, and flows out from a circulating water outlet (47) at the bottom in a circulating manner; the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is accompanied with remarkable heat release and heat absorption phenomena in the hydrogen charging and discharging process, and the internal structure of the refrigerating and heating type constant temperature bath (39) can well maintain the uniform control of water temperature; a thermostatic bath cover (56) is arranged on the refrigerating and heating type thermostatic bath (39), and a handle (57) and a sliding cover (58) are arranged on the thermostatic bath cover (56).
6. The process flow of operating a low cost multi-channel thermally coupled energy efficient metal hydride hydrogen storage cylinder activation system of claim 5, wherein: human-computer interaction is realized through measurement and control software running on an industrial personal computer; the measurement and control software is compiled based on a Python programming environment, and can realize the operation of connecting a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45), filling nitrogen for leak detection, circulating activation, hydrogen discharge test and disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle;
the process flow for connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) comprises the following steps: lifting a cover (56) of the constant temperature bath, hooking 4 handles (57) by using movable hooks on an aluminum profile frame respectively, fixing the handles in a half-hollow state, putting a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) into the center of each circular hole of the positioning plate, and then connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle with a telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil (51) through a quick connector;
the nitrogen filling leak detection process flow comprises the following steps: operating on measurement and control software to close a first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24), a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25) and an internal electromagnetic regulating valve of a mass flow controller (12), opening a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), the third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), opening the tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25), filling nitrogen with 0.9-1 MPa into a metal hydride storage bottle (45), then putting purified water into a refrigeration and heating type constant temperature bath (39), wherein the water level of the purified water is higher than the screw thread and the quick hydrogen storage joint position of the metal hydride bottle (45), observing the screw thread and the quick joint position and the metal hydride bottle body (45) after placing for 10-20 minutes to see whether bubbles appear in the metal hydride bottle body, if bubbles emerge, performing targeted maintenance so as to perform nitrogen filling and leakage detection operation again until the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is confirmed to have no bubbles emerge as a whole; after confirming that all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) have no leakage, putting all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) into a water-isolating sleeve (48), and pouring copper powder (49) into the water-isolating sleeve, so that the copper powder (49) is submerged in the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45); then, disconnecting the 4 handles (57) from the movable hooks, putting down the thermostatic bath cover (56), and putting each sliding cover (58) to a proper position;
the cyclic activation process flow comprises the following steps: opening a vacuum pump (1), opening a refrigeration heating type constant temperature bath (39), setting constant temperature and hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times, when the water bath temperature reaches the constant temperature, simultaneously opening an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) and a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), reducing the internal pressure of two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles to be less than or equal to 0.12MPa, then opening a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21) and a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), vacuumizing the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) according to the time length set by an operator, and completely pumping out various gas impurities in the steel bottles; then carrying out hydrogen filling operation; the hydrogen charging of the two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) is carried out in sequence, namely, a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19) and a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16) are opened, the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are charged with hydrogen, the pressure is confirmed to not drop any more, the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are saturated by absorbed hydrogen, then the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19) is closed, a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20) and a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) are opened, high-pressure hydrogen is charged into the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45), and the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are enabled to discharge hydrogen to the atmosphere; closing the fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), opening the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the first column of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45); confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, ensuring that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are saturated by absorbed hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are completely dehydrogenated; closing the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), opening the fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), charging hydrogen into the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45), and opening the eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) to ensure that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) release hydrogen to the atmosphere; confirming that the internal pressure of the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) is reduced to be less than or equal to 0.12MPa, opening a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), and vacuumizing and dehydrogenating the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45); confirming that the pressure does not drop any more, ensuring that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are saturated by absorbing hydrogen, reaching the vacuumizing time, and confirming that the second row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are completely dehydrogenated; closing the sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21) and the ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24); judging whether the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times reach set times or not; if the set times is not reached, the above-mentioned row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are charged with hydrogen repeatedly, and the row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are dehydrogenated until the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times meet the set times; if the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle times reach the set times, opening a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19) to ensure that the first row of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are closed after being saturated by hydrogen;
the hydrogen discharge test process flow comprises the following steps: setting a hydrogen discharge flow rate in measurement and control software, closing a first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), a second pneumatic diaphragm valve (16), a third pneumatic diaphragm valve (18), a fourth pneumatic diaphragm valve (19), a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20), a sixth pneumatic diaphragm valve (21), a seventh pneumatic diaphragm valve (22), an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23), a ninth pneumatic diaphragm valve (24) and a tenth pneumatic diaphragm valve (25), then opening the first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), ensuring that an electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller (12) is in a default valve control state, starting working the mass flow controller (12), recording the changes of pressure, temperature and flow rate in real time by the measurement and control software, integrating the flow rate to obtain an accumulated flow rate, and when the hydrogen discharge flow rate q is reachedmWhen the SLM is less than or equal to 0.4, ending the hydrogen discharge test of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) connected with the node 10 (1-10); closing the first pneumatic diaphragm valve (14), then controlling an electromagnetic regulating valve in the mass flow controller (12) to be in a fully closed state, maintaining for 2-3 seconds, and then ending the hydrogen discharge test process;
the process flow for disconnecting the hydrogen storage bottle comprises the following steps: opening a manual program in the measurement and control software, observing the pressure of two rows of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45), and if the pressure of hydrogen in a corresponding pipeline is higher, respectively opening an eighth pneumatic diaphragm valve (23) and a fifth pneumatic diaphragm valve (20) to reduce the pressure of the hydrogen in a corresponding gas circuit to be less than or equal to 0.12 MPa; if the hydrogen pressure of the corresponding gas circuit is less than or equal to 0.12MPa, the sliding cover (58) is moved to a proper fixed position above, the cover (56) of the constant-temperature bath is lifted, and 4 handles (57) are hooked by a movable hook on the aluminum profile frame and fixed in a half-space state; then each telescopic high-pressure stainless steel coil pipe (51) with the quick connector is disconnected with each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) at the position of the quick connector, and then the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (45) is taken out from the water-resisting sleeve (48); and (3) after all the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are taken out of the water-resisting sleeve (48), the thermostatic bath cover (56) is put down, the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles (45) are disconnected, and the operation is finished.
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