CN110953278A - Friction damper - Google Patents
Friction damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN110953278A CN110953278A CN201911078702.0A CN201911078702A CN110953278A CN 110953278 A CN110953278 A CN 110953278A CN 201911078702 A CN201911078702 A CN 201911078702A CN 110953278 A CN110953278 A CN 110953278A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/02—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together
- F16F7/04—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together in the direction of the axis of rotation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide a damper, aiming at the problem of damping force change after a friction plate of a friction damper is worn, a nonlinear elastic element of a disc spring is adopted to perform self-compensation on a wear gap to obtain stable damping force, the friction disc spring comprises an upper mounting disc, an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring, a fixing cover, the disc spring, a fixing screw, a pressing ring, an upper friction plate, a rotary disc, a rotating shaft, a lower friction plate and a lower mounting disc, and the working point of the disc spring can be configured, so that the damping force can be adjusted and controlled in the mounting process and the mounting convenience is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and particularly relates to a friction type damper which is suitable for industries such as vehicles, industry, buildings, bridges and the like.
Background
When the structure is subjected to loads such as earthquake, random wind load, engine excitation, rotary mechanical impact and the like, the structure absorbs a large amount of external energy, and the structure generates structural dynamic response due to forced vibration. When the structure response exceeds the deformation capability of the structure, the structure is damaged or damaged, such as collapse of a house under the action of an earthquake, breakage of a guy cable under the action of random wind load and the like. In order to ensure the safety of the structure, researchers have proposed a concept of structural vibration control, which reduces the dynamic response of the structure by providing energy consuming devices at appropriate locations in the system, thereby ensuring the safety of the structure.
In addition, in some products, the man-machine effect is considered, a damping link needs to be arranged in the mechanism, the operation comfort is improved, for example, the automobile accelerator pedal needs a driver to control the lifting of an accelerator through the foot force, the driving fatigue can be caused to the driver in long-term driving, and the damping link needs to be arranged in the accelerator pedal mechanism to improve the driving comfort and the driving stability.
The simplest common in damper products is the friction damper, however, there are some problems with friction dampers: firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the abrasion loss generated by the damping block in long-term use cannot be supplemented, so that the damping is reduced, and the damping force is unstable and uncontrollable in the whole life cycle of the product; secondly, the method comprises the following steps: errors occur in the production and installation of the damping mechanism, so that the magnitude of the damping force is different from the designed magnitude; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the damping structure is internally complex and has high installation precision requirement.
Therefore, the damper provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the adjustable space of the assembly parameters is large, the abrasion loss of the damping can be effectively supplemented in long-term use, the actual damping force is realized, the error of the designed damping force is within a controllable range, and the damping force can keep stable and reliable, and is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a friction damper, which solves the problem that the damping force cannot be self-compensated after a friction plate is abraded, and improves the quality control requirement of the damper by designing a method of absorbing assembly errors through tolerance, so that the installation is more convenient and simpler.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: the device comprises an upper mounting plate, an upper supporting ring, a lower supporting ring, a fixing cover, a disc spring, a fixing screw, a pressure ring, an upper friction plate, a rotary shaft, a lower friction plate and a lower mounting plate. The whole compression ring is in a disc shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the compression ring, an annular boss with a right trapezoid cross section is arranged on the upper surface of the disc, the right-angle edge of the annular boss is flush with the outer side face of the original disc, m through holes are formed in the upper surface of the annular boss, the size of the lower surface of the annular boss is consistent with that of the upper surface of the disc, and the lower surface of the annular boss is attached to the upper surface of the disc; go up the mounting disc and wholly be cavity disc shape, go up the lower surface laminating of mounting disc upper surface and clamping ring, go up the mounting disc upper surface and be provided with m screw thread blind holes along outer fringe department, m divides the position of screw thread blind hole and m through-hole one-to-one of clamping ring, goes up the mounting disc upper surface and follows inner fringe department and be provided with annular boss, and annular boss's upper surface is equipped with the annular groove, and annular boss's upper surface is equipped with annular bossThe upper surface is provided with 2k boss cylinders, the boss cylinders are provided with gaps matched with the annular grooves, the outer side surfaces of the disks are equal to the outer side surfaces of the compression rings, n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper mounting disk along the outer edge, and the upper surface of the upper mounting disk is respectively provided with a first boss cylinder, a second boss cylinder, … and an nth boss cylinder along the clockwise direction; the fixed cover is in a round head flat key shape, J in number, the lower surface of the fixed cover is provided with an annular groove, the fixed cover is fixed on the upper surfaces of J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, and the positions of the fixed cover are matched with the J boss cylinders; the dish-shaped spring is in a dish shape, the outer side face of the dish-shaped spring is in clearance fit with the inner side face of the compression ring, the dish-shaped spring comprises a dish spring part and a separation finger part, m through holes are uniformly formed in the dish spring part along the outer edge, the positions of the through holes correspond to the m through holes of the compression ring one to one, fixing screws penetrate through the through holes of the compression ring and the through holes of the dish spring to be fixed in thread blind holes in the upper surface of the upper mounting plate, and the separation finger tail end is surrounded0The through-hole of (a); the upper support ring and the lower support ring are steel wire circular rings with the wire diameter rxRadius of the ring being r1The upper supporting ring is positioned on the upper surface of the disc spring and is half-buried in the annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover, and the lower supporting ring is positioned on the lower surface of the disc spring and is half-buried in the annular groove of the annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting disc; the lower mounting disc is disc-shaped, n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the upper surface along the outer edge, a first boss, a second boss, … and an nth boss are respectively arranged on the upper surface along the clockwise direction, the upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting disc are attached to the lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting disc, the positions of the boss cylinders correspond to one another one by one, an open cavity is formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting disc, the upper surface of the lower mounting disc and the corresponding n boss cylinders, and an upper friction plate, a rotary disc, a rotary shaft and a lower friction plate are arranged in the open cavity; the rotating shaft is a 2-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than that of the second stepped shaft, the end part of the first stepped shaft is embedded in the center of the lower mounting plate, the second stepped shaft penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the upper mounting plate and a through hole formed by surrounding the tail end of the separation finger, and a spline groove is formed in the first stepped shaft; the rotary disc is in a hollow disc shape, a spline which is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft is arranged at the through hole, and the lower surface of the rotary disc is attached to the upper surface of the lower friction plate; the upper friction plate body isThe upper friction plate body is cylindrical and is positioned between the upper mounting plate and the rotating disc, and a through hole matched with the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft is formed in the middle of the cylinder of the upper friction plate body; the lower friction plate is a hollow disc, the lower surface of the lower friction plate is attached to the upper surface of the lower mounting plate, and the through hole is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the friction damping is continuously generated in the pedal pressing and rebounding processes, so that the requirement of force stagnation in the pedal pressing and rebounding processes is met, and the driving control comfort and stability are met.
(2) The friction damping force is generated by the relative rotation of the turntable and the friction plate, the disc spring is used as an elastic supporting element to provide pressing force between the friction plate and the turntable, and the deformation of the disc spring can be used as the abrasion compensation of the friction plate by utilizing the characteristic that the disc spring has relatively stable rigidity in a certain deformation range, so that the damping force of the accelerator pedal is basically kept unchanged in the long-term use process, the service life and the reliability of a product are improved, the force stagnation feedback stability of the foot of a driver is improved, and the driving and operating comfort and the stability of the existing accelerator pedal product are improved.
(3) The invention utilizes the characteristic that the rigidity of the disc spring is more stable in a certain deformation range, takes the deformation as the design tolerance to absorb the assembly error, realizes the consistency of the damping force of the accelerator pedal of the product, and can meet the quality control requirement of the accelerator pedal damper through simple part assembly.
(4) The invention adopts the structural design of the disc spring with a plurality of separating fingers, and the disc spring can still generate elastic force when individual separating fingers are damaged, thereby ensuring the reliability of the damping force of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a friction damper according to the present invention in an operating state;
FIG. 2 is a view showing an initial installation state of a disc spring (6) of the friction type damper according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the lower mounting plate (12), the rotary plate (10), the lower friction plate (11), the rotating shaft (5) and the upper friction plate (4) in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the stress and deformation of the disc spring of the friction damper of the present invention under different conditions;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the non-linear elastic characteristics and operating point configurations of a disc spring;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the friction damper of the present invention in combination with a horizontal accelerator pedal;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the friction damper of the present invention in combination with a suspended accelerator pedal;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the friction damper of the present invention coupled to a bridge;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the friction damper of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the combination of the friction damper of the present invention in mechanical rotation in industry.
Detailed Description
The friction damper solves the problem that the damping force cannot be self-compensated after a friction plate is worn, reduces the quality control requirement of the friction damper by designing a method for absorbing assembly errors through tolerance, is further described in detail with reference to the attached drawings 1-10, and aims to help technicians in the field to more completely, accurately and deeply understand the concept, technical scheme and working principle of the friction damper and to help the implementation of the friction damper.
With reference to fig. 1, the friction damper of the present invention comprises an upper mounting plate (9), an upper support ring (2), a lower support ring (3), a fixing cover (7), a disk spring (6), a fixing screw (1), a compression ring (8), an upper friction plate (4), a turntable (10), a rotating shaft (5), a lower friction plate (11), and a lower mounting plate (12). The whole compression ring (8) is in a disc shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the compression ring, an annular boss with a right trapezoid cross section is arranged on the upper surface of the disc, the right-angle edge of the annular boss is flush with the outer side surface of the original disc, m through holes are formed in the upper surface of the annular boss, the size of the lower surface of the annular boss is consistent with that of the upper surface of the disc, and the lower surface of the annular boss is attached to the upper surface of the disc; the upper mounting plate (9) is integrally in the shape of a hollow disc, the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is attached to the lower surface of the compression ring (8), and the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is arranged along the outer edgeThe clamping ring is provided with m threaded blind holes, the positions of the m threaded blind holes correspond to m through holes of the clamping ring (8) one by one, an annular boss is arranged on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) along the inner edge, an annular groove is formed in the upper surface of the annular boss, 2k boss cylinders are arranged on the upper surface of the annular boss, a gap matched with the annular groove is formed in each boss cylinder, the outer side surface of each disc is flush with the outer side surface of the clamping ring (8), n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) along the outer edge, and the boss cylinders are a first boss cylinder, a second boss cylinder, a … boss cylinder and an n boss cylinder in the clockwise; the fixed cover (7) is in a round-head flat key shape, J in number, the lower surface of the fixed cover (7) is provided with an annular groove, the fixed cover (7) is fixed on the upper surfaces of J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the positions of the fixed cover are matched with the J boss cylinders; belleville spring (6) are the bowl dish shape, lateral surface and the medial surface looks clearance fit of clamping ring (8), belleville spring includes the belleville spring part, the separation indicates the part, the belleville spring part is evenly opened along the outer fringe has m through-holes, the through-hole position corresponds with m through-holes one-to-one of clamping ring (8), set screw (1) pass through-hole and belleville spring (6) through-hole of clamping ring (8) be fixed in mounting disc (9) upper surface screw thread blind hole, the separation indicates that the end is enclosed to have the radius to be r0The through-hole of (a); the upper supporting ring (2) and the lower supporting ring (3) are steel wire circular rings with the wire diameter rxRadius of the ring being r1The upper supporting ring (2) is positioned on the upper surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in an annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover (7), and the lower supporting ring (3) is positioned on the lower surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in an annular groove on an annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting disc (9); the lower mounting disc (12) is disc-shaped, n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the upper surface along the outer edge, a first boss, a second boss, … and an nth boss are respectively arranged on the upper surface along the clockwise direction, the upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting disc (12) are attached to the lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting disc (9), the boss cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence, an open cavity is formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting disc (9), the upper surface of the lower mounting disc (12) and the corresponding n boss cylinders, and an upper friction plate (4), a rotary disc (10), a rotating shaft (5) and a lower friction plate (11) are arranged in the open cavity; the rotating shaft (5) is a 2-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than that of the second stepped shaft, and the end part of the first stepped shaft is embedded in the lower mounting disc(12) The second step shaft penetrates through a through hole formed by surrounding of a middle through hole of the upper mounting disc (9) and the tail end of the separation finger, and a spline groove is formed in the first step shaft; the rotary disc (10) is in a hollow disc shape, a spline which is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) is arranged at the through hole, and the lower surface of the rotary disc (10) is attached to the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11); the upper friction plate (4) body is cylindrical and is positioned between the upper mounting plate (9) and the rotary plate (10), and a through hole matched with the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) is formed in the middle of the upper friction plate (4) body cylinder; the lower friction plate (11) is a hollow disc, the lower surface of the lower friction plate (11) is attached to the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12), and the through hole is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5).
The whole upper friction plate (4) is hollow cylindrical, 3 layers of cylindrical steps are arranged on the outer side of the body, the cylindrical steps are sequentially a first cylindrical step, a second cylindrical step and a third cylindrical step from top to bottom, the outer edge radiuses of the cylindrical steps are increased in sequence, the upper surface of the first cylindrical step is contacted with the separation finger of the disc spring (6), a gap is reserved between the upper surface of the second cylindrical step and the lower surface of the separation finger of the disc spring (6), the upper surface of the third cylindrical step is attached to the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), the lower surface of the third cylindrical step is attached to the upper surface of the rotary plate (10), a blind hole is arranged on the lower surface of the third cylindrical step along the central line of the cylinder, the radius of the blind hole is larger than the radius of a first step shaft of the rotary shaft (5) and smaller than the radius of the outer edge of the second cylindrical step, the depth is smaller than the total height of the second cylindrical, the outer edge of the third cylindrical step is provided with two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves.
The disc spring (6) is made of beryllium bronze sheet or spring steel material, and the radius of the outer edge of the disc spring is R in a free state1The height of the inner truncated cone is H, the separation finger part is formed by uniformly distributing k separation fingers, the separation fingers are finger-shaped pointing to the circle center, the two sides of the root part of each separation finger combined with the disc spring part are symmetrically provided with supporting ring through holes, and the radius of a central line formed by the circle centers of 2k supporting ring through holes is r1。
Go up 2k boss cylinder centre of a circle position that the upper surface of mounting disc (9) upper surface annular boss set up and belleville spring (6) support ring through-hole centre of a circle and coincide, the boss cylinder radius of going up mounting disc (9) upper surface is less than support ring through-hole radius, the lower surface of going up mounting disc (9) is equipped with annular boss, the annular boss medial surface of lower surface cooperatees with the surface of last friction disc (4) third cylinder ladder, the lower surface of going up mounting disc (9) lower surface annular boss leaves clearance delta with the upper surface of carousel (10), the medial surface of going up mounting disc (9) lower surface annular boss still symmetry is equipped with semi-circular stopper, set up two semi-circular spacing grooves of symmetry with the outer fringe of third cylinder ladder and cooperate, be used for restricting the rotation of friction disc (4).
A first annular boss is arranged at the outer edge part of the lower surface of the lower mounting disc (12), the outer side of the first annular boss is flush with the outer side of the lower mounting disc (12), a central cylinder is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the lower mounting disc (12), the diameter of the central cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of a first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5), the lower surface of the central cylinder is flush with the lower surface of the first annular boss, be provided with the strengthening rib between the two, strengthening rib periphery department is provided with circular recess, lower mounting disc (12) center be provided with pivot (5) first step axle complex blind hole, lower mounting disc (12) upper surface be provided with lower mounting disc (12) endocentric second annular boss, the upper surface of second annular boss leaves the clearance delta with the lower surface of carousel (10), the inboard outside with lower friction disc (11) of second annular boss cooperatees, the inboard still symmetry of second annular boss is equipped with semi-circular stopper.
And two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves are formed in the outer side surface of the lower friction plate (11), are matched with two semicircular limiting blocks of the second annular boss and are used for limiting the rotation of the lower friction plate (11).
The head of the fixing screw (1) is larger than the through hole of the disc spring (6), and the part of the screw, which does not enter the thread blind hole of the upper mounting disc (1), is not threaded.
The circular groove structure at the outer edge of the reinforcing rib of the lower mounting disc (12) and the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) are used as mechanical mounting interfaces with the outside, and a circular groove matched with the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) and a cylindrical boss matched with the circular groove at the outer edge of the reinforcing rib of the lower mounting disc (12) can be arranged on the external mounting part and used for mounting.
The lower surface of the second cylindrical ladder of the upper friction plate (4), the upper surface of the turntable (10) and the rotating shaft (5) form a first closed cavity; the upper surface of lower friction disc (11), the lower surface of carousel (10) and pivot (5) form the airtight cavity of second, can place grease in first airtight cavity and the airtight cavity of second, and grease can form the oil film at the lower surface of last friction disc (4) third cylinder ladder and the upper surface of carousel (10) and the lower surface of carousel (10) and the upper surface of lower friction disc (11), and this oil film can produce the viscidity damping.
The upper mounting disc (9) is provided with mechanical interfaces on the n boss cylinders and the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting disc (12), and the interfaces are specific; the connection mode is related to the selected material, here is the simple type for explaining the installation process, the upper installation disc (9) and the lower installation disc (12) are explained by taking a plastic material as an example, the lower surfaces of n boss cylinders of the upper installation disc (9) are provided with buckles, the buckles are in a barb shape, the upper surfaces of n boss cylinders of the lower installation disc (12) are provided with blind holes, the inner side surfaces of the blind holes are matched with the outer side surfaces of the buckles of the upper installation disc (9), the side walls of the blind holes are provided with a window, and the window is matched with the buckles of the upper installation disc (9) through barbs to play a role in connecting the upper installation disc (9) and the lower installation disc (12).
The outer side of the disc of the rotary disc (10) is provided with a threaded hole for connecting an external connecting rod (13), and the part of the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5) exceeding the disc-shaped spring (2) is provided with a mechanical interface which can be in a connection mode of a spline, a key and the like.
The external loading of the turntable (10) can be in 2 forms, one is reciprocating rotation and the other is continuous rotation. For the reciprocating motion, the interface of the outer threaded hole of the rotary disc (10) can be used, the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotary shaft (5) and if the interface of the outer threaded hole of the rotary disc (10) is used, the connecting rod (13) penetrates through the space between the first boss cylinder and the second boss cylinder of the upper mounting disc. For continuous rotation, the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotary shaft (5) is used.
The principle of the friction damping function of the friction damper is as follows: the disc spring (6) passes through the ring from the initial stateThe disc spring (6) obtains elastic force by loading and loading, so that pressing force F is obtained among the upper friction plate (4), the lower friction plate (11) and the rotating disc (10)nThe rotary disc (10) rotates along the rotating shaft (5) under the action of external force, and the rotary disc (10) rubs with the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) to generate a friction damping moment Mμ。
In order to ensure that only the rotating disc (10) and the rotating shaft (5) rotate and other parts do not rotate relatively, the annular boss of the upper mounting disc (9) radially positions the upper friction plate (4), and the semicircular limiting block on the inner side of the annular boss and the semicircular limiting groove on the outer edge of the upper friction plate (4) rotatably position the upper friction plate (4), so that the friction relation between the upper friction plate (4) and the rotating disc (10) is ensured. The second annular boss of lower mounting disc (12) carries out radial positioning to lower friction disc (11), and the semicircle spacing block of second annular boss inboard carries out rotational positioning to lower friction disc (11) with the semicircle spacing groove of lower friction disc (11) outside to this friction relation between assurance lower friction disc (11) and carousel (10). Formula M based on frictional damping momentμ＝2fFnRcAnd the required friction moment MμCalculating the pressing force F of the disc spring (6)nSo that the pressing force F required by each separating finger is calculated according to the separating index k of the separating finger according to the designed disc spring (6)20。
The principle of realizing the nonlinear elastic force of the disc spring (6) of the friction type damper is as follows: disc spring (6) makes disc spring (6) obtain elastic force through installation and loading by initial condition, link to each other clamping ring (8) through fixing bolt (5), disc spring (6) and last mounting disc (9), the removal of support ring (2) and lower support ring (3) is gone up in the annular groove of installing disc (9) upper surface and the annular groove restriction of fixed lid (7) lower surface, make disc spring obtain preliminary loading, install last mounting disc (9) and lower mounting disc (12) through the buckle, disc spring (6) and last friction disc (4) produce the interact power, disc spring (6) obtain the loading once more, produce elastic force. Adjusting parameters of the disc spring, such as; the numbers k and h of the separating fingers are plate thickness and R1Loading the outer edge with a point radius, r1The radius of a loading point of the supporting ring, H, the height of an inner truncated cone of a disc spring part in a free state of the diaphragm spring, the structural form of the separating finger and the like realize rigidity adjustment, so that the design of pressing force is realized.
The pressing force required by each separation finger according to the formula is:
the friction damper of the invention can automatically compensate the abrasion loss because the elastic force of the disc spring is kept unchanged, and specifically comprises the following steps: the friction area is also guaranteed when the lower surface of the second cylindrical ladder of the upper friction plate (4) and the upper surface of the first ladder shaft of the rotating shaft (5) are in close contact with each other by making the upper friction plate (4) into a step shape, a gap is reserved between the lower surface of the second cylindrical ladder of the upper friction plate (4) and the upper surface of the first ladder shaft of the rotating shaft (5), after the friction plate is worn, under the action of the disc spring (6), the stress of the upper friction plate (4) is reduced along the rotating shaft (5), the friction plate is always kept in a close fit state with the rotating disc (10), the lower surface of the second ladder shaft of the upper friction plate (4) can carry out axial positioning on the rotating shaft (5), and the rotating shaft (5).
The disc spring (6) of the friction type damper has nonlinear elastic characteristics, and due to a plurality of time sequence actions, the working point of the disc spring (6) needs to be reasonably selected and configured: the supporting point of the diaphragm spring (6) is arranged at the small end of the disc spring part, namely r1At the position, the disc spring (6) is clamped by the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) to support, so that a support point is realized, and the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) adopt a wire contact form formed by a steel wire ring structure and the disc spring (6), so that the error caused by large contact area is reduced; the structural assembly and work of the disc spring (6) comprise the disc spring big end loading of the disc spring (6) and the separation of the grooved disc spring, namely, the fingertip loading process, the disc spring (6) in the self-contained state is in an inverted cone shape, and the pressing ring (8) is fixedThe big end of the disc spring part of the disc spring (6) is pressed down by the set screw (1), the fingertip of the separation finger part is changed from downward pointing to horizontal pointing, the loading process of the big end of the disc spring (6) is realized, and the disc spring (6) is in an initial installation state at the moment; the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) is in contact with the fingertip of the separation finger in the locking process and the separation finger is forcibly pushed from the horizontal direction to the upward direction, so that the fingertip loading process of the separation finger is realized, the elastic acting force on the separation finger uniformly acts on the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) to provide normal load for the upper and lower contact surfaces of the turntable (10), and the disc spring (6) enters a working state; disc spring part large end load F of disc spring (6)1Relative axial deformation lambda from the point of application1The relationship (2) is shown in the formula (1), and it can be seen that the disc spring (6) has a non-linear elastic characteristic, as shown by the curve 1 in FIG. 5 when
When a peak appears at point M, the curve maintains a level, i.e., load F, at section MN1The force remains substantially constant at the MN segment. When the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) contacts with the fingertip of the separation finger of the disc spring (6) and is loaded, the load applied by the separation finger end is set to be F2Corresponding point of action deformation of lambda2The load F at the finger position can be separated according to the moment balance relation2And the amount of deformation lambda2Is represented by formula (2). In order to obtain smaller working load and larger adjusting displacement stroke, the working point of the slotted disc spring (6) needs to be configured. The mounting state of the disc spring (6) is set at M point, namely, a load F is firstly applied to the big end of the disc spring1To shift to lambda1MAt least one of (1) and (b); the re-working point is set at N point, i.e. the load applied to the end of the separating finger is F2The displacement stroke of the separating finger tip to lambda2NDue to the increase of the stroke F1Load resumes along segment F M-N in FIG. 31-λ1The characteristic changes. So configured, a large adjustment displacement travel λ is obtained due to the influence of the lever ratio2fAnd a smaller working load F2And at λ2fIn-stroke F2Remains substantially unchanged, λ2fThe stroke can be used as the abrasion loss of the friction plate, so that the normal load on the lower rotary disc is basically unchanged after long-term use.
The friction damper is simple and easy to install, and the lower installation disc (12), the rotating shaft (5) and the lower friction plate (11) can be fixed by adopting an insert injection molding mode or an adhesive mode. After the fixing, a rotary disc (10) and an upper friction plate (4) are sequentially installed along a rotating shaft (5), a disc spring (6), an upper installation disc (9) and a pressure ring (8) are installed through a fixing cover (7), a fixing screw (1), an upper supporting ring (2) and a lower supporting ring (3), the upper installation disc (9) is connected with the lower installation disc (12) through a mechanical interface, and a window opening hole of the lower installation disc (12) can be adopted for dismounting.
The friction damper is easy to be combined with different types of accelerator pedal structures, such as a horizontal type accelerator pedal and a suspension type accelerator pedal. Referring to fig. 6, the accelerator pedal is a horizontal type accelerator pedal, wherein the accelerator pedal (14) is connected to a connecting rod (13) to transmit a pedaling force to a friction damper (15), and the friction damper (15) is installed in an installation groove (16); referring to fig. 7, a suspension type accelerator pedal is shown, in which an accelerator pedal (14) is connected to a connecting rod (13) to transmit a pedaling force to a friction damper (15).
The friction damper can be applied to a stay rope damper in a bridge, as shown in fig. 8, a steel wire winch can be used for being connected together at a first stepped shaft of a rotating shaft (5) of the friction damper through a key, and the stay rope and the friction damper are connected through a steel wire.
The friction damper can be used for reducing the consumption of horizontal external force of a building, as shown in fig. 9, a steel wire winch can be used for being connected with a first stepped shaft of a rotating shaft (5) of the friction damper through keys, and when the building is subjected to horizontal external force such as earthquake, strong wind and the like, the friction damper can reduce the influence on the building and obtain higher safety.
The friction damper can be used for vibration reduction and impact resistance of industrial products, as shown in fig. 10, the friction damper is connected with a coupler through a key groove at a first step shaft of a rotating shaft (4), and the rotation of a motor transmits torque to a rotating disc (10) through the coupler, so that friction torque is generated, and the stability of the output of the motor is improved.
Claims (8)
1. The friction damper comprises an upper mounting disc (9), an upper supporting ring (2), a lower supporting ring (3), a fixing cover (7), a disc spring (6), a fixing screw (1), a pressing ring (8), an upper friction plate (4), a rotary disc (10), a rotating shaft (5), a lower friction plate (11) and a lower mounting disc (12). The whole compression ring (8) is in a disc shape, a through hole is formed in the center of the compression ring, an annular boss with a right trapezoid cross section is arranged on the upper surface of the disc, the right-angle edge of the annular boss is flush with the outer side face of the original disc, m through holes are formed in the upper surface of the annular boss, the size of the lower surface of the annular boss is consistent with that of the upper surface of the disc, and the lower surface of the annular boss is attached to the upper surface of the disc; the integral upper mounting plate (9) is in a hollow disc shape, the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) is attached to the lower surface of the compression ring (8), m threaded blind holes are formed in the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) along the outer edge, the positions of the m threaded blind holes correspond to the m through holes of the compression ring (8) one by one, an annular boss is arranged on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9) along the inner edge, an annular groove is formed in the upper surface of the annular boss, 2k boss cylinders are arranged on the upper surface of the annular boss, gaps matched with the annular groove are formed in the boss cylinders, the outer side surface of the disc is aligned with the outer side surface of the compression ring (8), n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9) along the outer edge, and are a first boss cylinder, a second boss cylinder, … and; the fixed cover (7) is in a round-head flat key shape, J in number, an annular groove is formed in the lower surface of the fixed cover (7), the fixed cover (7) is fixed to the upper surfaces of J boss cylinders on the upper surface of the upper mounting plate (9), and the positions of the fixed cover are matched with the J boss cylinders; belleville spring (6) are the bowl dish shape, lateral surface and the medial surface looks clearance fit of clamping ring (8), belleville spring (6) are including the belleville spring part, the separation indicates the part, the belleville spring part is evenly opened along the outer fringe has m through-holes, the through-hole position corresponds with m through-hole one-to-one of clamping ring (8), set screw (1) pass through-hole and belleville spring (6) through-hole of clamping ring (8) be fixed in mounting disc (9) upper surface screw thread blind hole, the separation indicates that the end encloses to have the radius to be r0The through-hole of (a); the upper supporting ring (2) and the lower supporting ring (3) are steel wire circular rings with the wire diameter rxRadius of the ring being r1The upper supporting ring (2) is positioned on the upper surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in an annular groove on the lower surface of the fixed cover (7), and the lower supporting ring (3) is positioned on the lower surface of the disc spring (6) and is half-buried in an annular groove on an annular boss on the upper surface of the upper mounting disc (9); the lower mounting disc (12) is disc-shaped, n boss cylinders are uniformly distributed on the upper surface along the outer edge, a first boss, a second boss, … and an nth boss are respectively arranged on the upper surface along the clockwise direction, the upper surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting disc (12) are attached to the lower surfaces of the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting disc (9), the boss cylinders are in one-to-one correspondence, mechanical interfaces are arranged on the n boss cylinders of the upper mounting disc (9) and the n boss cylinders of the lower mounting disc (12), an open cavity is formed by the lower surface of the upper mounting disc (9), the upper surface of the lower mounting disc (12) and the corresponding n boss cylinders, and an upper friction plate (4), a rotary disc (10), a rotating shaft (5) and a lower friction plate (11) are arranged in the open cavity; the rotating shaft (5) is a 2-layer stepped shaft, the shaft diameter of the first stepped shaft is larger than that of the second stepped shaft, the end part of the first stepped shaft is embedded in the center of the lower mounting disc (12), the second stepped shaft penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the upper mounting disc (9) and a through hole formed by surrounding the tail end of the separation finger, and a spline groove is formed in the first stepped shaft; the rotary disc (10) is in a hollow disc shape, a spline which is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) is arranged at the through hole, and the lower surface of the rotary disc (10) is attached to the upper surface of the lower friction plate (11); the upper friction plate (4) body is cylindrical and is positioned between the upper mounting plate (9) and the rotary plate (10), and a through hole matched with the second stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5) is formed in the middle of the upper friction plate (4) body cylinder; the lower friction plate (11) is a hollow disc, the lower surface of the lower friction plate (11) is attached to the upper surface of the lower mounting plate (12), and the through hole is tightly matched with the first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5).
2. A friction damper as defined in claim 1 wherein: the disc spring (6) is made of beryllium bronze thin plate or spring steel material with the plate thickness of h, and the outer edge radius of the disc spring is R in a free state1The height of the inner truncated cone is H, the separation finger part is formed by uniformly distributing k separation fingers, the separation fingers are finger-shaped pointing to the center of a circle, the two sides of the root part of each separation finger combined with the disc spring part are symmetrically provided with supporting ring through holes, and 2k separation fingers are arrangedThe radius of a central line formed by the circle center of the through hole of the supporting ring is r1. The supporting point of the diaphragm spring (6) is arranged at the small end of the disc spring part, namely r1In the position, the support is realized by clamping the disc spring (6) by the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3), and the upper support ring (2) and the lower support ring (3) adopt a wire ring structure to form a line contact form with the disc spring (6); is provided with
A section of region M-N with variable deformation and unchanged elastic force exists in the nonlinear elastic characteristic of the disc spring (6), the initial point M of the region is the position of an initial installation point, and the end point N is the position of an initial working point of a product; the disc spring (6) in a free state is in an inverted cone shape, the large end of the disc spring part of the disc spring (6) is pressed downwards by the pressing ring (8) through the fixing screw (1), the fingertip of the separation finger part is changed from downward pointing to horizontal pointing, and when the elastic force reaches the position of M point, the disc spring (6) is located at the position of an initial installation point M; in the locking process of the mechanical interfaces of the upper mounting plate (9) and the lower mounting plate (12), the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) is in contact with the fingertip of the separation finger and pushes the separation finger to point upwards from horizontal point, and the elastic force reaches the position of N point, namely the disc spring (6) is at the initial working point position; when the disc spring (6) is at the initial working point position, the elastic acting force on the separation finger uniformly acts on the upper end of the upper friction plate (4) to provide normal load for the upper and lower contact surfaces of the turntable (10), when the upper friction plate (4) and the lower friction plate (11) are worn, the working point of the disc spring (6) changes from the initial working point position N to the initial mounting point position M, and the elastic force of the disc spring (6) basically keeps unchanged in the M-N changing process.
3. The friction damper as recited in claim 2, wherein: the upper friction plate (4) is integrally hollow cylindrical, 3 layers of cylindrical steps are arranged on the outer side of the body, a first cylindrical step, a second cylindrical step and a third cylindrical step are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the outer edge radius of the first cylindrical step, the second cylindrical step and the third cylindrical step are sequentially increased, the upper surface of the first cylindrical step is contacted with the separation finger head of the disc spring (6), a gap is reserved between the upper surface of the second cylindrical step and the lower surface of the separation finger of the disc spring (6), the upper surface of the third cylindrical step is attached to the lower surface of the upper mounting plate (9), the lower surface of the third cylindrical step is attached to the upper surface of the rotary plate (10), a blind hole is arranged on the lower surface of the third cylindrical step along the central line of the cylinder, the radius of the blind hole is larger than the radius of a first step shaft of the rotary shaft (5) and smaller than the outer edge radius of the second cylindrical step, the depth is, the outer edge of the third cylindrical step is provided with two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves.
4. A friction damper as set forth in claim 3 wherein: go up 2k boss cylinder centre of a circle position that the upper surface of mounting disc (9) upper surface annular boss set up and belleville spring (6) support ring through-hole centre of a circle and coincide, the boss cylinder radius of going up mounting disc (9) upper surface is less than support ring through-hole radius, the lower surface of going up mounting disc (9) is equipped with annular boss, the annular boss medial surface of lower surface cooperatees with the surface of last friction disc (4) third cylinder ladder, the lower surface of going up mounting disc (9) lower surface annular boss leaves clearance delta with the upper surface of carousel (10), the medial surface of going up mounting disc (9) lower surface annular boss still symmetry is equipped with semi-circular stopper, set up two semi-circular spacing grooves of symmetry with the outer fringe of third cylinder ladder and cooperate, be used for restricting the rotation of friction disc (4).
5. The friction damper as recited in claim 1, wherein: a first annular boss is arranged at the outer edge part of the lower surface of the lower mounting disc (12), the outer side of the first annular boss is flush with the outer side of the lower mounting disc (12), a central cylinder is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the lower mounting disc (12), the diameter of the central cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of a first stepped shaft of the rotating shaft (5), the lower surface of the central cylinder is flush with the lower surface of the first annular boss, be provided with the strengthening rib between the two, strengthening rib periphery department is provided with circular recess, lower mounting disc (12) center be provided with pivot (5) first step axle complex blind hole, lower mounting disc (12) upper surface be provided with lower mounting disc (12) endocentric second annular boss, the upper surface of second annular boss leaves the clearance delta with the lower surface of carousel (10), the inboard outside with lower friction disc (11) of second annular boss cooperatees, the inboard still symmetry of second annular boss is equipped with semi-circular stopper.
6. A friction damper according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: two symmetrical semicircular limiting grooves are formed in the outer side surface of the lower friction plate (11), are matched with two semicircular limiting blocks of the second annular boss of the lower mounting plate (12), and are used for limiting the rotation of the lower friction plate (11).
7. The friction damper as recited in claim 1, wherein: the outer side of the disc of the rotary disc (10) is provided with a threaded hole for connecting an external connecting rod (13), and the part of the first step shaft of the rotating shaft (5) exceeding the disc-shaped spring (6) is provided with a mechanical interface which can be in a connection mode of a spline, a key and the like. The external loading of the turntable (10) can be in 2 forms, one is reciprocating rotation and the other is continuous rotation. For the reciprocating motion, the interface of the outer threaded hole of the rotary disc (10) can be used, the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotary shaft (5) and if the interface of the outer threaded hole of the rotary disc (10) is used, the connecting rod (13) penetrates through the space between the first boss cylinder and the second boss cylinder of the upper mounting disc (9). For continuous rotation, the interface of the first stepped shaft of the rotary shaft (5) is used.
8. A friction damper according to claims 1 and 4-5, characterized in that: in order to ensure that only the rotary disc (10) and the rotary shaft (5) rotate and other parts do not move relatively, the annular boss on the lower surface of the upper mounting disc (9) limits the upper friction plate (4) in the radial direction; the second annular boss of the lower mounting disc (12) radially limits the lower friction plate (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911078702.0A CN110953278A (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Friction damper |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911078702.0A CN110953278A (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Friction damper |
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| CN110953278A true CN110953278A (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| CN201911078702.0A Pending CN110953278A (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Friction damper |
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| CN (1) | CN110953278A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113566773A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-29 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Bearing inner and outer ring and rolling element roundness detection tool |
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