CN110951535A - Method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus - Google Patents

Method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110951535A
CN110951535A CN201911133714.9A CN201911133714A CN110951535A CN 110951535 A CN110951535 A CN 110951535A CN 201911133714 A CN201911133714 A CN 201911133714A CN 110951535 A CN110951535 A CN 110951535A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
peanuts
oil
aspergillus flavus
enzyme
10min
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Pending
Application number
CN201911133714.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周茂鑫
刘学迎
宋立里
陈宁
王一路
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Shandong Huasheng Testing Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong Huasheng Testing Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911133714.9A priority Critical patent/CN110951535A/en
Publication of CN110951535A publication Critical patent/CN110951535A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus, which comprises the following steps: (1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil; (2) heating the crude oil to 35-45 ℃, adjusting the pH to 7, adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ accounting for 5% of the total mass, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging for 10min for 1 min, and taking supernatant oil liquid for storage and detection. The method is simple, is convenient to operate, enables the treated peanut oil to meet the national standard, and is low in use cost and easy to popularize.

Description

Method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus.
Background
Aflatoxins (AFT) are difuranocyclic toxoids produced by some strains of aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus. There are about 20 derivatives, named as B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, M2, GM, P1, Q1, and toxol. Among them, B1 has the highest toxicity and the highest carcinogenicity. After animals eat the aflatoxin-contaminated feed, trace amounts of toxins can be detected in the liver, kidneys, muscles, blood, milk and eggs. Aflatoxins and producing strains thereof are widely distributed in nature, some strains produce more than one type of aflatoxin, and strains which do not produce any type of aflatoxin also exist in aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxins mainly contaminate grains and oils and their products, as well as various vegetable and animal foods. In 1993, aflatoxin was classified as a naturally occurring carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) cancer research organization and is a highly toxic substance. The aflatoxin can be detected from seeds and processed products of cereals and oil crops, dry and fresh fruits, seasonings, tobacco, milk and dairy products, meat, fish and shrimp and animal feeds, wherein the peanut and the corn are most easily polluted. For food and feed containing aflatoxin, physical, chemical and biological methods can be used to detoxify. At present, the content of aflatoxin in the freshly-pressed peanut oil in China is often higher and cannot meet the requirement of edible or export in China, or the aflatoxin removal process is complicated and the removal cost is high, so that the development of a simple and effective method for removing aflatoxin from peanut oil has important significance for the health of people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for removing peanut skin and aspergillus flavus. The content of the aflatoxin in the final product peanut oil prepared by the method is far lower than the national standard.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil;
(2) heating the crude oil to 35-45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7, and adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, wherein the degumming enzyme is used in the following mode: adding phospholipase C, laccase and xylanase according to the proportion of 30mg/kg, 15mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the total mass of 5%, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 10000 r/min for 10min, and taking supernatant oil for storage and detection.
The mixed solution is prepared by adopting the following method: and taking 1L of 30% by mass of lemon water, adding 3% by weight of active carbon and 0.3-0.5% by weight of hydrated sodium aluminosilicate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple, is convenient to operate, ensures that the treated peanut oil meets the national standard, has low use cost, is easy to popularize, and is an ideal method for removing the aspergillus flavus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil;
(2) heating the crude oil to 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7, and adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, wherein the degumming enzyme is used in the following way: adding phospholipase C, laccase and xylanase according to the proportion of 30mg/kg, 15mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the total mass of 5%, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 10000 r/min for 10min, and taking supernatant oil for storage and detection.
The mixed solution is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 1L of 30% by mass of lemonade, adding 3% by weight of active carbon and 0.3% by weight of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product.
Example 2
A method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil;
(2) heating the crude oil to 45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7, and adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, wherein the degumming enzyme is used in the following way: adding phospholipase C, laccase and xylanase according to the proportion of 30mg/kg, 15mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the total mass of 5%, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 10000 r/min for 10min, and taking supernatant oil for storage and detection.
The mixed solution is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 1L of 30% by mass of lemonade, adding 3% by weight of active carbon and 0.5% by weight of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate, and mixing uniformly to obtain the product.
Example 3
A method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil;
(2) heating the crude oil to 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7, and adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, wherein the degumming enzyme is used in the following way: adding phospholipase C, laccase and xylanase according to the proportion of 30mg/kg, 15mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the total mass of 5%, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 10000 r/min for 10min, and taking supernatant oil for storage and detection.
The mixed solution is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 1L of 30% by mass of lemonade, adding 3% by weight of active carbon and 0.4% by weight of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the product.
The aspergillus flavus contained in the peanut oil liquid prepared in the above examples 1-3 was tested, and the specific test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 measurement results of aflatoxin content
Group of Content (μ g/kg)
Example 1 0.12
Example 2 0.13
Example 3 0.13
As can be seen from the contents in Table 1 above, the content of Aspergillus flavus in the peanut oil liquid obtained after the treatment by the method of the present invention is far lower than the national standard of 20 ug/kg.

Claims (2)

1. The method for removing the peanut skin and the aspergillus flavus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) soaking peanuts in the mixed solution for 1 hour, taking out the peanuts, cleaning the surfaces of the peanuts, sending the peanuts into a peeling machine to remove red skins to obtain peeled peanuts, and directly squeezing the peeled peanuts to obtain crude peanut oil;
(2) heating the crude oil to 35-45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7, and adding degumming enzyme into the crude oil, wherein the degumming enzyme is used in the following mode: adding phospholipase C, laccase and xylanase according to the proportion of 30mg/kg, 15mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively, and hydrolyzing for 4-5 hours; after the reaction is finished, rapidly heating to 100 ℃ to inactivate the enzyme, adding water with the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the total mass of 5%, stirring, fully mixing for 10min, centrifuging at the rotating speed of 10000 r/min for 10min, and taking supernatant oil for storage and detection.
2. The method for removing the aspergillus flavus from the peanut red skin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixed solution is prepared by adopting the following method: and taking 1L of 30% by mass of lemon water, adding 3% by weight of active carbon and 0.3-0.5% by weight of hydrated sodium aluminosilicate, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished product.
CN201911133714.9A 2019-11-19 2019-11-19 Method for removing red skins of peanuts and removing aspergillus flavus Pending CN110951535A (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103266013A (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-08-28 山东沂蒙山花生油股份有限公司 Method for removing toxins from peanut oil
CN103881805A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Method for removing aflatoxin out of peanut oil
CN105061381A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-18 山东鲁花集团有限公司 Method for removal of aflatoxin from peanut skin
CN105802727A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-07-27 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 Refining method for removing aflatoxin in corn oil
CN105820869A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-03 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 Aflatoxin-effectively-removing peanut oil extracting method
CN108905982A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-30 广西南宁荣威德新能源科技有限公司 It is a kind of for removing the preparation method of the adsorbent of aflatoxin in peanut oil

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103266013A (en) * 2013-05-20 2013-08-28 山东沂蒙山花生油股份有限公司 Method for removing toxins from peanut oil
CN103881805A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-06-25 山东金胜粮油集团有限公司 Method for removing aflatoxin out of peanut oil
CN105061381A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-18 山东鲁花集团有限公司 Method for removal of aflatoxin from peanut skin
CN105802727A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-07-27 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 Refining method for removing aflatoxin in corn oil
CN105820869A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-03 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 Aflatoxin-effectively-removing peanut oil extracting method
CN108905982A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-30 广西南宁荣威德新能源科技有限公司 It is a kind of for removing the preparation method of the adsorbent of aflatoxin in peanut oil

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
周凯等: "花生(油)中黄曲霉毒素的污染、控制与消除", 《中国食品学报》 *
张东等: "不同制油工艺及去除红衣对花生黄曲霉毒素的影响", 《中国油脂》 *

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