CN110950680B - Microwave curing method for concrete - Google Patents
Microwave curing method for concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN110950680B CN110950680B CN201911375585.4A CN201911375585A CN110950680B CN 110950680 B CN110950680 B CN 110950680B CN 201911375585 A CN201911375585 A CN 201911375585A CN 110950680 B CN110950680 B CN 110950680B
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- concrete
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0204—Selection of the hardening environment making use of electric or wave energy or particle radiation
- C04B40/0213—Electromagnetic waves
- C04B40/0218—Microwaves
Abstract
The invention provides a microwave curing method of concrete, which comprises the following steps: (1) after concrete is molded by tamping, covering a film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2-3 h; (2) after the initial condensation, carrying out initial microwave curing for 0.5-1 h by using a movable microwave device, controlling the temperature to be 35-45 ℃ and the frequency of the microwave to be 400-6000 MHz; (3) then deep microwave curing is carried out for 0.5-2 h, the temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the frequency of the microwave is 400-6000 MHz; (4) and finally, naturally cooling the concrete, cooling to room temperature, and finishing maintenance. The invention can realize the synchronous temperature rise inside and outside the concrete, avoid the damage of the microstructure of the concrete caused by the stress difference caused by overhigh temperature difference in the curing process, and ensure the standard strength of the concrete while realizing the quick curing of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete curing, and particularly relates to a microwave curing method for concrete.
Background
After concrete is poured, if the concrete is not maintained in time, water in the concrete can be evaporated too fast to form a dehydration phenomenon, so that cement particles which form gel cannot be fully hydrated and cannot be converted into stable crystals, and the cement particles lack enough cohesive force, so that flaky or powdery falling can be generated on the surface of the concrete. Therefore, the curing of the concrete in the initial stage after the concrete is poured is very important, the curing should be performed immediately after the concrete is finally set, and the curing should be performed immediately after the pouring of the hard concrete is completed.
At present, the most widely applied concrete curing processes in practical engineering include steam curing, water (or spray) curing, curing agent spraying and the like, but the curing processes have some obvious defects: the steam curing needs to use coal or electricity to heat and heat air so as to keep the temperature stable, the investment is large, the energy consumption is high, the pollution is large, the operation cost is high, in addition, the internal temperature of the concrete is easy to be overhigh, the structure is easy to be damaged, and the appearance is easy to crack; watering and curing are time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the curing period is long; the spraying curing agent has the problems of large mixing amount, time and labor waste, high cost and capability of delaying the hydration rate of cement so as to influence the early strength of concrete.
Therefore, it is necessary to research a concrete curing method, and find a curing method capable of saving energy efficiency, shortening curing period and improving concrete quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a microwave curing method for concrete, which cures the concrete by microwaves and solves the problems of long curing time, difficult quality guarantee and high energy consumption of the concrete.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) after concrete is molded by tamping, covering a film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2-3 h;
(2) after the initial condensation, carrying out initial microwave curing for 0.5-1 h by using a movable microwave device, controlling the temperature to be 35-45 ℃, wherein the frequency of the microwave is 400-6000 MHz;
(3) then deep microwave curing is carried out for 0.5-2 h, the temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the frequency of the microwaves is 400-6000 MHz;
(4) and finally, naturally cooling the concrete, cooling to room temperature, and finishing maintenance.
Preferably, the film is a PEEK film or a ptfe film.
Preferably, the microwave device is a microwave device capable of reciprocating in a horizontal direction.
Preferably, the microwave output means includes one or a combination of continuous waves and pulsed waves.
Preferably, the power of the microwave is 0.5-20 kW.
Preferably, the heating rate of the microwave curing is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h.
Preferably, in the microwave curing and natural cooling process, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention cures the concrete by using the microwave, regulates the microwave frequency to 400 plus 6000MHz, and the microwave under the frequency has deep effect depth for heating objects, can realize synchronous temperature rise inside and outside the concrete, avoids microstructure damage caused by stress difference caused by overhigh temperature difference inside and outside the concrete in the curing process, can ensure that the concrete has strength above the standard while realizing quick curing of the concrete, and meets the requirement of industrial application.
(2) The microwave curing comprises two stages of primary microwave curing and deep microwave curing, wherein the temperature of the primary microwave curing stage is controlled to be 35-45 ℃, and the temperature of the deep microwave curing stage is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, so that the effectiveness of microwave energy utilization can be improved, and the energy loss can be reduced; on the other hand, the method can avoid the condition that the water in the early stage of the concrete is evaporated too fast, and the cement hydration rate in the later stage of the concrete is not influenced, so that the concrete is fully hydrated in the curing process, sufficient cohesive force is obtained, and the concrete is cured completely, thereby avoiding structural defects, ensuring that the concrete has the strength above the standard, and meeting the requirements of industrial application.
(3) The invention utilizes the microwave with specific frequency (400 plus 6000MHz) to cure the concrete, and compared with the steam curing which is generally adopted at present, the curing time is shortened from 9-15h to 1-3h, the curing time is greatly shortened, the energy consumption is also greatly reduced, the energy is saved by more than 1/3, and the invention has good industrial popularization and application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and (3) after concrete is cast and molded, covering a layer of PEEK film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2.5 hours.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to perform initial microwave maintenance for 0.5h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 45 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 915MHz, the power is controlled to be 10kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(3) And then carrying out deep microwave curing for 0.5h, wherein the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 65 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwaves is controlled to be 915MHz, the power is 10kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Example 2
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and after the concrete is molded by tamping, covering a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2.5 hours.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to carry out initial microwave maintenance for 0.6h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 42 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwaves is controlled to be 5800MHz, the power is controlled to be 2kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(3) And then carrying out deep microwave curing for 0.8h, wherein the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 62 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwaves is controlled to be 5800MHz, the power is 2kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Example 3
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and (3) after concrete is cast and molded, covering a layer of PEEK film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 3 h.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to carry out initial microwave maintenance for 0.7h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 6000MHz, the power is controlled to be 0.5kW, and the output mode is a pulse wave mode.
(3) And then carrying out deep microwave curing for 1h, wherein the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwaves is controlled to be 6000MHz, the power is controlled to be 0.5kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Example 4
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and (3) after concrete is molded by tamping, covering a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 3 hours.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to carry out initial microwave maintenance for 0.8h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 38 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 2450 +/-50 MHz, the power is controlled to be 8kW, and the output mode is a pulse wave mode.
(3) And then deep microwave curing is carried out for 1.2h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 58 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwaves is controlled to be 2450 +/-50 MHz, the power is 8kW, and the output mode is a continuous wave mode.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Example 5
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and (3) after concrete is cast and molded, covering a layer of PEEK film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2 hours.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to perform initial microwave maintenance for 0.9h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 37 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 433MHz, the power is controlled to be 15kW, and the output mode is a mode combining continuous waves and pulse waves.
(3) And then deep microwave curing is carried out for 1.6h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 57 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 433MHz, the power is 15kW, and the output mode is a combination mode of continuous waves and pulse waves.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Example 6
A microwave curing method of concrete comprises the following steps,
(1) and (3) after concrete is molded by tamping, covering a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2 hours.
(2) After the initial setting, a microwave device capable of reciprocating in the horizontal direction is utilized to perform initial microwave maintenance for 1h, the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 35 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 400MHz, the power is controlled to be 20kW, and the output mode is a mode combining continuous waves and pulse waves.
(3) And then carrying out deep microwave curing for 2h, wherein the heating rate is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h, the temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is controlled to be not more than 10 ℃, the frequency of the microwave is controlled to be 400MHz, the power is controlled to be 20kW, and the output mode is a combination mode of continuous waves and pulse waves.
(4) And finally, naturally cooling the concrete, controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and finishing the curing.
Claims (5)
1. A microwave curing method of concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps,
(1) after concrete is molded by tamping, covering a film on the surface, and standing for initial setting for 2-3 h;
(2) after the initial condensation, carrying out initial microwave curing for 0.5-1 h by using a movable microwave device, controlling the temperature to be 35-45 ℃, wherein the frequency of the microwave is 400-6000 MHz; the heating rate of the microwave curing is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h; the microwave output mode is a single continuous wave mode or a mode of combining a continuous wave mode and a pulse wave mode;
(3) then deep microwave curing is carried out for 0.5-2 h, the temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the frequency of the microwaves is 400-6000 MHz; the heating rate of the microwave curing is less than or equal to 10 ℃/h; the microwave output mode is a single continuous wave mode or a mode of combining a continuous wave mode and a pulse wave mode;
(4) and finally, naturally cooling the concrete, cooling to room temperature, and finishing maintenance.
2. The microwave curing method of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the film is a PEEK film or a polytetrafluoroethylene film.
3. The microwave curing method of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the microwave device is a microwave device capable of reciprocating in a horizontal direction.
4. The microwave curing method of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the power of the microwaves is 0.5 to 20 kW.
5. The microwave curing method of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the microwave curing and natural cooling process requires controlling the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete to be not more than 10 ℃.
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| CN111571769A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-25 | 广西科学院 | Anion functional inorganic artificial marble block and microwave curing preparation process thereof |
| CN111660407A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-09-15 | 广西科学院 | Inorganic artificial marble block with noctilucent function and microwave curing preparation process thereof |
| CN111635184A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-09-08 | 广西科学院 | Anion functional inorganic artificial marble plate and microwave curing preparation process thereof |
| CN111873158B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-12-03 | 江苏道通新材料科技有限公司 | Cement fiber sheet microwave rapid-setting maintenance equipment and cement fiber sheet maintenance method |
| CN112110694A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Concrete product and preparation method thereof |
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| US10336641B2 (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2019-07-02 | Ngee Ann Polytechnic | Method for producing a foam glass with high open pore content |
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Patent Citations (8)
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| US4338135A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-07-06 | Texas Industries, Inc. | Microwave curing of cementitious material |
| CN1080583A (en) * | 1992-06-20 | 1994-01-12 | 李鸿仓 | Cement composite articles and manufacture method thereof with structure figure decoration surface |
| CN101633581A (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-01-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for quickly preparing geopolymer material by microwave radiation |
| CN104044204A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-17 | 湖南大学 | Rapid pre-curing method for carbon dioxide curing cement-based materials |
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| CN104987126A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method for curing artificial stone through microwave heating |
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Effective date of registration: 20210603 Address after: No.98 Daling Road, XiXiangTang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant after: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Applicant after: Guangxi Zhongke microwave advanced manufacturing industry technology Research Institute Applicant after: Nanning Zhongke microwave advanced manufacturing industry technology Research Institute Address before: No.98 Daling Road, XiXiangTang District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant before: GUANGXI ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |
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