CN110949603A - Electrical control system and method suitable for gas layer drag reduction ship - Google Patents
Electrical control system and method suitable for gas layer drag reduction ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN110949603A CN110949603A CN201911250469.XA CN201911250469A CN110949603A CN 110949603 A CN110949603 A CN 110949603A CN 201911250469 A CN201911250469 A CN 201911250469A CN 110949603 A CN110949603 A CN 110949603A
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 95
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
- B63B2001/387—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes using means for producing a film of air or air bubbles over at least a significant portion of the hull surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrical control system and method suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship. The output end of the air supply device is communicated with the input end of the air supply pipeline. The output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with a plurality of air nozzles arranged at the bottom of the ship body. The control valve set is arranged on the air supply pipeline and used for controlling the ventilation volume of the air supply pipeline. The gas layer thickness measuring instruments are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center and are used for detecting the thickness parameters of the gas layer and outputting the thickness parameters to the control center. The control center is used for receiving and processing parameters and outputting control signals to the air supply device and the control valve group. When the parameter is not in the preset range or the expected estimation is not in the preset range, adjusting the power of the air supply device and the opening degree of the control valve group, and controlling the air volume of the air supply device and the ventilation volume in the air supply pipeline so as to enable the parameter of the air layer to be in the preset range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrical control of ships, and particularly relates to an electrical control system and method suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship.
Background
According to the marine gas layer drag reduction technology, a specially designed device is used for ventilating the bottom of a ship, a gas layer is formed and maintained at the bottom of the ship, the bottom surface of the ship is isolated from water, the wet surface area is reduced, the ship resistance can be obviously reduced, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
However, when the ship sails in a complex sea state, the sailing attitude of the ship is changed under the action of the wind wave flow, and the influence of the wind wave flow on the air layer drag reduction system must be considered. Under the real sea condition, the air is easy to escape due to the wind wave and the rolling of the ship, and a stable air layer is difficult to form at the bottom of the ship. Therefore, how to form a stable gas layer at the bottom of the ship and effectively isolate the bottom of the ship from water so as to achieve the purposes of reducing drag and oil consumption is still a difficult problem of the gas layer drag reduction technology in ship application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an electrical control system and method suitable for a gas lubrication ship, and the system and method can form a stable gas layer at the bottom of the ship, so that the problem of applying a gas layer drag reduction technology to the ship is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship comprises a control center, a plurality of gas layer detection parts, a gas supply device, a gas supply pipeline and a control valve group;
the gas layer detection part, the gas supply device and the control valve group are all in electric signal connection with the control center;
the gas supply device is arranged on the ship body, and the output end of the gas supply device is communicated with the input end of the gas supply pipeline;
the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with a plurality of air nozzles arranged at the bottom of the ship body;
the control valve group is arranged on the air supply pipeline and used for controlling the ventilation of the air supply pipeline;
the air layer detection part is arranged at the bottom of the ship body and used for detecting parameters of an air layer formed on the outer side of the bottom of the ship body and outputting the parameters to the control center;
the control center is used for receiving and processing the parameters and outputting control signals to the gas supply device and the control valve group, when the parameters are not in a preset range or an expected estimation is not in the preset range, the power of the gas supply device and the opening degree of the control valve group are adjusted, and the gas quantity of the gas supply device and the ventilation quantity in the gas supply pipeline are controlled, so that the parameters of the gas layer are in the preset range;
the gas layer detection part comprises a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring instruments, and the gas layer thickness measuring instruments are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center and are used for detecting the thickness of the gas layer and outputting the thickness to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reducing ship, the gas layer detection part further comprises a plurality of void fraction meters, and the void fraction meters are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center, and are used for detecting the gas content density of the gas layer and outputting the gas content density to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system applicable to the air layer drag reducing ship, the air layer detection part further comprises a plurality of ship bottom pressure sensors, and the ship bottom pressure sensors are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center, and are used for detecting the pressure applied to the ship bottom plate and outputting the pressure to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system of the present invention adapted for use in a gas layer drag reducing ship, the gas supply pipeline comprises a main pipe, a port pipe section and a starboard pipe section;
the input end of the main pipe is communicated with the output end of the gas supply device;
the port pipe group comprises a port pipe and a plurality of first output pipes, the input ends of the port pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe, the input ends of the first output pipes are communicated with the port pipe, and the output ends of the first output pipes are communicated with the gas nozzles on the port side at the bottom of the ship body; the starboard pipe group comprises a starboard pipe and a plurality of second output pipes, the input ends of the starboard pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe, the input ends of the second output pipes are communicated with the starboard pipe, and the output ends of the second output pipes are communicated with the plurality of air nozzles on the starboard at the bottom of the ship body.
Preferably, in the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reducing ship, the control valve group comprises a plurality of first control valves and a plurality of second control valves; the first control valves are arranged on the corresponding first output pipes and are in electric signal connection with the control center; the second control valves are arranged on the corresponding second output pipes and are in electric signal connection with the control center.
Preferably, the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reduction ship further comprises a plurality of output pipe pressure sensors and a plurality of output pipe flow meters;
the output pipe pressure sensor is arranged on each corresponding first output pipe and second output pipe, is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pipe pressure of each first output pipe and second output pipe and outputting the pipe pressure to the control center;
the output pipe flow meter is arranged on each corresponding first output pipe and second output pipe, is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pipe internal flow of each first output pipe and second output pipe and outputting the pipe internal flow to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reducing ship, the control valve group further comprises a main pipe control valve, and the main pipe control valve is arranged on the main pipe and is in electrical signal connection with the control center.
Preferably, the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reducing ship further comprises a main pipe pressure sensor and a main pipe flow meter; the main pipe pressure sensor is arranged on the main pipe, is in electrical signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pressure in the main pipe and outputting the pressure to the control center; the main pipe flow meter is arranged on the main pipe and is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the flow in the main pipe and outputting the flow to the control center.
Preferably, the electrical control system applicable to the air layer drag reduction ship further comprises a port control box and a starboard control box;
the port control box is respectively in electric signal connection with the first control valve on the first output pipe, the output pipe pressure sensor, the output pipe flowmeter and the control center, is used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation capacity of the first control valve, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor on the port and the output pipe flowmeter on the port and adjusting the ventilation capacity of the first control valve;
the starboard control box is respectively connected with the second control valve on the second output pipe, the output pipe pressure sensor, the output pipe flowmeter and the control center through electric signals, is used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation capacity of the second control valve, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor on the starboard and the output pipe flowmeter on the starboard and adjusting the ventilation capacity of the second control valve.
Preferably, the electrical control system is suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship, and further comprises a first collection box, wherein the first collection box is respectively connected with the gas layer thickness measuring instrument, the void fraction meter, the ship bottom pressure sensor and the control center through electrical signals, and is used for receiving gas layer parameters detected by the gas layer thickness measuring instrument, the void fraction meter and the ship bottom pressure sensor and outputting the gas layer parameters to the control center.
Preferably, the electric control system applicable to the gas layer drag reduction ship further comprises a second collection box, a fuel consumption flowmeter and an axle power meter;
the second collection box is respectively connected with the control center, the oil consumption flowmeter and the shaft power meter through electric signals and used for receiving parameters detected by the oil consumption flowmeter and the shaft power meter and outputting the parameters to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing ship of the present invention, the gas supply device includes a gas supply device and a gas supply device control box; the gas supply device is communicated with the input end of the main pipe; the gas supply device control box is respectively connected with the main pipe control valve, the main pipe pressure sensor, the main pipe flow meter and the control center through electric signals and used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve and also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the main pipe pressure sensor and the main pipe flow meter and adjusting the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve.
Preferably, the electrical control system suitable for the air layer drag reducing ship further comprises a comprehensive meteorological system, wherein the comprehensive meteorological system is in electrical signal connection with the control center, and the comprehensive meteorological system is used for monitoring wind speed and wind direction and outputting detected parameters to the control center.
Preferably, in the electrical control system applicable to the gas layer drag reducing ship, the electrical control system further comprises a log, wherein the log is in electrical signal connection with the control center and is used for monitoring the water speed and the stroke of the ship and outputting the detected parameters to the control center.
Preferably, the electrical control system is suitable for the air layer drag reduction ship and further comprises a rudder angle detection device, the rudder angle detection device is in electrical signal connection with the control center, and the rudder angle detection device is used for monitoring a rudder angle and outputting detected parameters to the control center.
Preferably, the electrical control system suitable for the gas layer drag reducing ship further comprises an inertial navigation system, wherein the inertial navigation system is in electrical signal connection with the control center and is used for monitoring the six-degree-of-freedom attitude of the ship and outputting the detected parameters to the control center.
The invention relates to an electrical control method suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship, which is applied to an electrical control system suitable for the gas layer drag reduction ship and comprises the following steps:
determining the required power and gas supply of the gas supply device according to the navigation state of the ship, opening the gas supply device to generate gas, and spraying the gas out of the nozzle through the gas supply pipeline to form a gas layer at the bottom of the ship;
detecting the gas layer thickness at the corresponding position by a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring instruments distributed at each position of the ship bottom, and conveying the gas layer thickness to the control center; the control center obtains the thickness of each gas layer at the outer side of the ship bottom, and adjusts the gas amount sprayed out from the nozzles at corresponding positions through comparison with the preset gas layer thickness.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the gas layer thickness measuring instruments are distributed at different positions of the ship bottom and used for detecting the gas layer thicknesses at different positions outside the ship bottom, the detected data are transmitted to the control center, and the control center can know the thicknesses of all gas layers outside the ship bottom according to the data and further judge whether the thicknesses are within a preset gas layer thickness range. If the gas layer thickness is not within the preset range, the control valve at the corresponding position of the gas supply pipeline is controlled to adjust the ventilation volume of the corresponding pipeline section of the gas supply pipeline so as to adjust the gas volume sprayed out by the nozzle at the corresponding position, and finally the purpose of adjusting the gas layer thickness at the position is achieved. Meanwhile, when the allowed air quantity on each air supply branch pipe is changed, the quantity of the air required to be generated by the air supply device is also changed, and the control center can adjust the power and the air supply quantity of the air supply device. The embodiment of the invention can form a stable air layer at the outer side of the ship bottom, thereby solving the problem of applying the air layer drag reduction technology to ships.
(2) In the process of controlling the thickness of the air layer within a preset range, if the thickness of a certain place of the air layer is not within the preset range through detection, the ventilation volume of the corresponding pipeline pipe is adjusted. The electrical control system and the method of the invention are used for maintaining the thickness of the gas layer to be stable, and the consumed energy is low.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an electrical control system suitable for a vessel for drag reduction in the gas layer in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the instrument distribution of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the apparatus on the second takeoff pipe according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a gas layer thickness measuring instrument; 2: a void fraction gauge; 3: a bottom pressure sensor; 4: a header pipe; 5: a first output pipe; 6: a second output pipe; 7: a first control valve; 8: a second control valve; 9: an output pipe pressure sensor; 10: an output pipe flowmeter; 11: a main pipe control valve; 12: a manifold pressure sensor; 13: a manifold flow meter; 14: a port control box; 15: a starboard control box; 16: a first collection box; 17: a second collection box; 18: a fuel consumption flow meter; 19: an axial power meter; 20: a monitoring station; 21: a comprehensive meteorological system; 22: a log; 23: a rudder angle detecting device; 24: an inertial navigation system; 25: fan and fan control box.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides an electrical control system and method for a gas-lubricated ship, which is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise ratio for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship, which includes a control center, a plurality of gas layer detection portions, a gas supply device, a gas supply pipeline, and a control valve group.
The gas layer detection part, the gas supply device and the control valve group are all connected with a control center through electric signals. The air supply device is arranged on the ship body, and the output end of the air supply device is communicated with the input end of the air supply pipeline. The output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with a plurality of air nozzles arranged at the bottom of the ship body. The control valve group is arranged on the air supply pipeline and used for controlling the ventilation volume of the air supply pipeline. The air layer detection part is arranged at the bottom of the ship body and used for detecting parameters of an air layer formed on the outer side of the bottom of the ship body and outputting the parameters to the control center.
The control center is used for receiving and processing the parameters and outputting control signals to the air supply device and the control valve group, when the parameters are not in a preset range or an expected estimation is not in the preset range, the power of the air supply device and the opening degree of the control valve group are adjusted, and the air quantity of the air supply device and the ventilation quantity in the air supply pipeline are controlled, so that the parameters of the air layer are in the preset range.
The gas layer detection part comprises a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring instruments 1, and the gas layer thickness measuring instruments 1 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body and are in electric signal connection with the control center for detecting the thickness of the gas layer and outputting the thickness to the control center.
The control process is specifically as follows: a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring apparatu 1 distribute at the different positions of hull bottom for detect the gas layer thickness of the different positions in the hull bottom outside, and then with the data transmission that detect and obtain for control center, control center can know the thickness and/density of each gas layer in the hull bottom outside according to these data, and then judges whether in predetermined gas layer thickness within range. If the gas layer thickness is not within the preset range, the control valve at the corresponding position of the gas supply pipeline is controlled to adjust the ventilation volume of the corresponding pipeline section of the gas supply pipeline so as to adjust the gas volume sprayed out by the nozzle at the corresponding position, and finally the purpose of adjusting the gas layer thickness at the position is achieved. Meanwhile, when the allowed air quantity on each air supply branch pipe is changed, the quantity of the air required to be generated by the air supply device is also changed, and the control center can adjust the power and the air supply quantity of the air supply device. Can form stable air blanket through this embodiment outside the hull bottom to solve the difficult problem of air blanket drag reduction technique in boats and ships are used.
Meanwhile, in the process of controlling the thickness of the air layer within the preset range, if the thickness of a certain place of the air layer is not within the preset range through detection, the ventilation volume of the corresponding pipeline pipe is adjusted. Therefore, the present embodiment is used to maintain the gas layer thickness stable, and the energy consumption is small.
In this embodiment, the control center may be disposed on the monitoring station 20 of the cab.
In order to obtain more specific parameters about the outer gas layer of the ship bottom so as to further obtain more accurate gas layer state, the gas layer detection part of the embodiment further comprises a plurality of void fraction meters 2 and a plurality of ship bottom pressure sensors 3. The void fraction meter 2 and the ship bottom pressure sensor 3 are both connected with a control center through electric signals, and the void fraction meter 2 and the ship bottom pressure sensor 3 are both distributed at different positions of the ship bottom. The void fraction meter 2 is used for detecting the gas content density of the gas layer, and the ship bottom pressure sensor 3 is used for detecting the pressure borne by the ship bottom plate. In this embodiment, the bottom surface layer has three conditions, namely, the bottom is not covered by gas, the bottom is completely covered by the gas layer, and the bottom is covered by the gas-water mixture, and the bottom pressure sensor 3 can identify the pulse amplitude of the bottom surface layer under different conditions. Through the measured data of the void fraction meter 2 and the gas layer thickness measuring instrument 1 and the ship bottom pressure pulsation condition of the identification of the ship bottom pressure sensor 3, the accuracy and the reliability of the formation monitoring of the ship bottom gas layer can be improved, so that the control center can be helped to better keep the gas layer thickness within a preset range.
In an embodiment, the gas supply line may comprise a main pipe 4, a port pipe set and a starboard pipe set. The input end of the main pipe 4 is communicated with the output end of the air supply device. The port pipe group comprises a port pipe and a plurality of first output pipes 5, the input ends of the port pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe 4, the input end of each first output pipe 5 is communicated with the port pipe, and the output ends of the first output pipes 5 are communicated with a plurality of air nozzles on the port side at the bottom of the ship body. The starboard pipe group comprises a starboard pipe and a plurality of second output pipes 6, the input ends of the starboard pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe 4, the input ends of the second output pipes 6 are communicated with the starboard pipe, and the output ends of the second output pipes 6 are communicated with a plurality of air nozzles on the starboard at the bottom of the ship body.
In an embodiment, the set of control valves comprises a manifold control valve 11, a number of first control valves 7 and a number of second control valves 8. The main pipe control valve 11 is arranged on the main pipe 4 and is electrically connected with the control center. The number of first control valves 7 and second control valves 8 corresponds to the number of first output ducts 5 and second output ducts 6, respectively. The first control valves 7 are arranged on the corresponding first output pipes 5 and are in electric signal connection with the control center, and the second control valves 8 are arranged on the corresponding second output pipes 6 and are in electric signal connection with the control center. The manifold control valve 11 can control the opening degree according to the control signal output by the control center so as to further control the air volume in the manifold 4. Each of the first control valve 7 and the second control valve 8 also controls the opening degree according to the control signal output by the control center, so as to further control the air volume in the first output pipe 5 and the second output pipe 6.
In the embodiment, the manifold 4 is further provided with a manifold pressure sensor 12 and a manifold flow meter. The main pipe pressure sensor 12 is electrically connected with the control center, and is used for detecting the pressure in the main pipe 4 and outputting the pressure to the control center. The main pipe flow meter 13 is electrically connected with the control center and used for detecting the flow in the main pipe 4 and outputting the flow to the control center. The manifold flow meter 13 is provided below the gas flow of the manifold control valve 11. And the control center calculates the gas volume in the header pipe 4 according to the received parameters of the header pipe pressure sensor 12 and the header pipe flowmeter 13, and judges whether the gas volume is consistent with the gas volume required by the current header pipe 4, if not, the control center further controls the opening degree of the header pipe control valve 11 or the output gas volume of the gas supply device so as to regulate and control the gas volume in the header pipe 4. The gas quantity in the main pipe 4 is fed back through the arrangement of the main pipe pressure sensor 12 and the main pipe flowmeter 13, closed-loop control over the gas quantity of the main pipe is achieved, and adjustment can be conducted in real time according to the required gas quantity and the actual gas quantity.
And an output pipe pressure sensor 9 and an output pipe flowmeter 10 are arranged on each of the first output pipe 5 and the second output pipe 6, and the output pipe pressure sensor 9 and the output pipe flowmeter 10 are both connected with the control center through electric signals. The output pipe pressure sensor 9 is used for detecting the pipe pressure of each first output pipe 5 and each second output pipe 6 and outputting the pipe pressure to the control center, and the output pipe flowmeter 10 is used for detecting the pipe flow of each first output pipe 5 and each second output pipe 6 and outputting the pipe flow to the control center. The outlet pipe flow meter 10 is arranged below the air flow of the corresponding first control valve 7 or second control valve 8. And the control center calculates the air volume in the header pipe 4 according to the received parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor 9 and the output pipe flowmeter 10 of each first output pipe 5 or second output pipe 6, and judges whether the air volume is consistent with the air volume required by the corresponding first output pipe 5 or second output pipe 6, if not, the control center further controls the opening degree of the corresponding first control valve 7 or second control valve 8 or the air volume in the header pipe 4 so as to regulate and control the air volume in the first output pipe 5 or second output pipe 6. The air flow in the first output pipe 5 and the second output pipe 6 is fed back by the arrangement of the output pipe flowmeter 10, so that closed-loop control of the air flow of the first output pipe 5 and the second output pipe 6 is realized, and adjustment can be performed in real time according to the required air flow and the actual air flow. Meanwhile, the main pipe pressure sensor 12 and the output pipe pressure sensor 9 monitor the air pressure in the corresponding pipelines, the control center receives the signals transmitted by the pressure sensors and judges whether the air pressure in the pipelines is in a safety range, and if the air pressure exceeds the safety range, an alarm can be given. Meanwhile, the control center can identify the abnormal conditions of the pipelines by comparing the pressure and flow distribution conditions of the pipelines.
In the present embodiment, a port control box 14 and a starboard control box 15 may be provided in the electric control system. The port control box 14 is respectively connected with the first control valve 7 on the first output pipe 5, the output pipe pressure sensor 9, the output pipe flowmeter 10 and a control center through electric signals, and is used for receiving control signals of the control center and controlling the ventilation of the first control valve 7, and is also used for receiving and processing pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor 9 on the port and the output pipe flowmeter 10 on the port and adjusting the ventilation of the first control valve 7.
The starboard control box 15 is respectively connected with the second control valve 8 on the second output pipe 6, the output pipe pressure sensor 9, the output pipe flow meter 10 and the control center through electric signals, and is used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation of the second control valve 8, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor 9 on the starboard and the output pipe flow meter 10 on the starboard and adjusting the ventilation of the second control valve 8.
Signals among all devices in the ship are connected through cables, the signal transmission in the cables is weakened, the output pipe pressure sensors 9 and the output pipe flow meters 10 on the first output pipe 5 and the second output pipe 6 are divided into a port side control box and a starboard side control box, and the port side control box 14 and the starboard side control box 15 are used as intermediate control, so that the phenomenon can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, if all the sensing devices and the actuating devices are respectively connected with the control center by cables, a large number of cables are required to be used in the ship, and the use of the port control box 14 and the starboard control box 15 can effectively reduce the use amount of the cables.
In this embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an oil consumption flow meter 18 and a shaft power meter 19 which are electrically connected. The fuel consumption flow meter 18 is used for detecting the fuel consumption condition of the ship, and the shaft power meter 19 is used for detecting the shaft power of the propeller. The fuel consumption meter 18 and the shaft power meter 19 are both electrically connected to a control center and presented on a monitoring console 20. The data acquisition of oil consumption and shaft power can prove the functions of resistance reduction, energy saving and consumption reduction of a gas layer formed at the bottom of the ship.
In this embodiment, the electrical control system may also provide a first pick box 16 and a second pick box 17 for the same purpose as the port and starboard control boxes 14, 15. The first collecting box 16 is respectively connected with the gas layer thickness measuring instrument 1, the void fraction meter 2, the ship bottom pressure sensor 3 and the control center through electric signals, the first collecting box 16 is used for receiving data obtained by the gas layer thickness measuring instrument 1, the void fraction meter 2 and the ship bottom pressure sensor 3 and transmitting the data to the control center, the weakening phenomenon of signal transmission in the cable can be effectively avoided, and the using amount of the cable can be effectively reduced. The second collecting box 17 is respectively connected with the oil consumption flowmeter 18 and the shaft power meter 19 through electric signals, and the second collecting box 17 is used for collecting data obtained by the oil consumption flowmeter 18 and the shaft power meter 19 and transmitting the data to the control center.
In other embodiments, the air supply may also include an air supply and an air supply control box, the air supply communicating with the input of the manifold 4. The gas supply device control box is respectively connected with the main pipe control valve 11, the main pipe pressure sensor 12, the main pipe flow meter 13 and the control center through electric signals, is used for receiving control signals of the control center and controlling the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve 11, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the main pipe pressure sensor 12 and the main pipe flow meter 13 and adjusting the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve 11. The gas quantity feedback of the header pipe 4 is adjusted from the control center to the control box of the gas supply device, so that the workload of the control center can be reduced, the feedback loop is shortened, and the precise control of the gas quantity of the header pipe 4 is further realized. In this embodiment, the air supply and air supply control box may be a blower and blower control box 25.
Further, the present embodiment may further include an integrated meteorological system 21, a log 22, a rudder angle detecting device 23, and an inertial navigation system 24. The comprehensive meteorological system 21, the log 22, the rudder angle detection device 23 and the inertial navigation system 24 are respectively connected with a control center through electric signals, the comprehensive meteorological system 21 is used for monitoring wind speed and wind direction, the log 22 is used for monitoring the marine speed and stroke of a ship, the rudder angle detection device 23 is used for monitoring the rudder angle, and the inertial navigation system 24 is used for monitoring the six-degree-of-freedom attitude of the ship. The comprehensive meteorological system 21, the log 22, the rudder angle detection device 23 and the inertial navigation system 24 can monitor the external environment, the motion attitude of the ship and the running speed of the ship, and based on the data, the air layer drag reduction system is dynamically controlled and adjusted to realize self-adaptive control, maintain a stable air layer and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (17)
1. An electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reduction ship is characterized by comprising a control center, a plurality of gas layer detection parts, a gas supply device, a gas supply pipeline and a control valve group;
the gas layer detection part, the gas supply device and the control valve group are all in electric signal connection with the control center;
the gas supply device is arranged on the ship body, and the output end of the gas supply device is communicated with the input end of the gas supply pipeline;
the output end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with a plurality of air nozzles arranged at the bottom of the ship body;
the control valve group is arranged on the air supply pipeline and used for controlling the ventilation of the air supply pipeline;
the air layer detection part is arranged at the bottom of the ship body and used for detecting parameters of an air layer formed on the outer side of the bottom of the ship body and outputting the parameters to the control center;
the control center is used for receiving and processing the parameters and outputting control signals to the gas supply device and the control valve group, when the parameters are not in a preset range or an expected estimation is not in the preset range, the power of the gas supply device and the opening degree of the control valve group are adjusted, and the gas quantity of the gas supply device and the ventilation quantity in the gas supply pipeline are controlled, so that the parameters of the gas layer are in the preset range;
the gas layer detection part comprises a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring instruments, and the gas layer thickness measuring instruments are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center and are used for detecting the thickness of the gas layer and outputting the thickness to the control center.
2. The electrical control system suitable for the air layer drag reducing ship according to claim 1, wherein the air layer detection part further comprises a plurality of void fraction meters, and the void fraction meters are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body and are electrically connected with the control center for detecting the gas content density of the air layer and outputting the gas content density to the control center.
3. The electrical control system suitable for the air layer drag reducing ship according to claim 2, wherein the air layer detection part further comprises a plurality of ship bottom pressure sensors, and the ship bottom pressure sensors are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the ship body, are in electrical signal connection with the control center, and are used for detecting the pressure applied to the bottom plate of the ship and outputting the pressure to the control center.
4. An electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reducing vessel as defined in claim 1 in which the gas supply line comprises a main pipe, a port pipe section and a starboard pipe section;
the input end of the main pipe is communicated with the output end of the gas supply device;
the port pipe group comprises a port pipe and a plurality of first output pipes, the input ends of the port pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe, the input ends of the first output pipes are communicated with the port pipe, and the output ends of the first output pipes are communicated with the gas nozzles on the port side at the bottom of the ship body; the starboard pipe group comprises a starboard pipe and a plurality of second output pipes, the input ends of the starboard pipe are communicated with the output end of the main pipe, the input ends of the second output pipes are communicated with the starboard pipe, and the output ends of the second output pipes are communicated with the plurality of air nozzles on the starboard at the bottom of the ship body.
5. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing vessel of claim 4, wherein the set of control valves comprises a plurality of first control valves and a plurality of second control valves; the first control valves are arranged on the corresponding first output pipes and are in electric signal connection with the control center; the second control valves are arranged on the corresponding second output pipes and are in electric signal connection with the control center.
6. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing vessel of claim 5 further comprising a plurality of outlet pipe pressure sensors and a plurality of outlet pipe flow meters;
the output pipe pressure sensor is arranged on each corresponding first output pipe and second output pipe, is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pipe pressure of each first output pipe and second output pipe and outputting the pipe pressure to the control center;
the output pipe flow meter is arranged on each corresponding first output pipe and second output pipe, is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pipe internal flow of each first output pipe and second output pipe and outputting the pipe internal flow to the control center.
7. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing vessel of claim 5 wherein the control valve block further comprises a manifold control valve disposed on the manifold and in electrical communication with the control center.
8. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing vessel of claim 7 further comprising a manifold pressure sensor and a manifold flow meter; the main pipe pressure sensor is arranged on the main pipe, is in electrical signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the pressure in the main pipe and outputting the pressure to the control center; the main pipe flow meter is arranged on the main pipe and is in electric signal connection with the control center, and is used for detecting the flow in the main pipe and outputting the flow to the control center.
9. An electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reducing vessel as defined in claim 6 further comprising a port control box and a starboard control box;
the port control box is respectively in electric signal connection with the first control valve on the first output pipe, the output pipe pressure sensor, the output pipe flowmeter and the control center, is used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation capacity of the first control valve, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor on the port and the output pipe flowmeter on the port and adjusting the ventilation capacity of the first control valve;
the starboard control box is respectively connected with the second control valve on the second output pipe, the output pipe pressure sensor, the output pipe flowmeter and the control center through electric signals, is used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation capacity of the second control valve, and is also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the output pipe pressure sensor on the starboard and the output pipe flowmeter on the starboard and adjusting the ventilation capacity of the second control valve.
10. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing ship according to claim 3, further comprising a first collection box electrically connected to the gas layer thickness gauge, the void fraction gauge, the ship bottom pressure sensor and the control center, respectively, for receiving the gas layer parameters detected by the gas layer thickness gauge, the void fraction gauge and the ship bottom pressure sensor and outputting the gas layer parameters to the control center.
11. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing vessel of claim 1, further comprising a second pick-up tank, a fuel consumption flow meter and an axle power meter;
the second collection box is respectively connected with the control center, the oil consumption flowmeter and the shaft power meter through electric signals and used for receiving parameters detected by the oil consumption flowmeter and the shaft power meter and outputting the parameters to the control center.
12. An electrical control system suitable for a gas layer drag reducing vessel as defined in claim 8 wherein the gas supply means comprises a gas supply means and a gas supply control box; the gas supply device is communicated with the input end of the main pipe; the gas supply device control box is respectively connected with the main pipe control valve, the main pipe pressure sensor, the main pipe flow meter and the control center through electric signals and used for receiving the control signal of the control center and controlling the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve and also used for receiving and processing the pipe parameters of the main pipe pressure sensor and the main pipe flow meter and adjusting the ventilation quantity of the main pipe control valve.
13. The electrical control system for a vessel drag reducing the gas layer of claim 1, further comprising a synthetic meteorological system in electrical communication with the control center, the synthetic meteorological system being configured to monitor wind speed and direction and output sensed parameters to the control center.
14. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing ship according to claim 1, further comprising a log electrically connected to the control center, wherein the log is configured to monitor the sailing speed and the travel of the ship and output the detected parameters to the control center.
15. The electrical control system for an air layer drag reducing ship according to claim 1, further comprising a rudder angle detecting device electrically connected to the control center, wherein the rudder angle detecting device is configured to monitor a rudder angle and output detected parameters to the control center.
16. The electrical control system for a gas layer drag reducing ship according to claim 1, further comprising an inertial navigation system electrically connected to the control center, wherein the inertial navigation system is configured to monitor the six-degree-of-freedom attitude of the ship and output the detected parameters to the control center.
17. An electrical control method for a gas layer drag reducing ship, which is applied to the electrical control system for the gas layer drag reducing ship according to any one of claims 1 to 16, and comprises the following steps:
determining the required power and gas supply of the gas supply device according to the navigation state of the ship, opening the gas supply device to generate gas, and spraying the gas out of the nozzle through the gas supply pipeline to form a gas layer at the bottom of the ship;
detecting the gas layer thickness at the corresponding position by a plurality of gas layer thickness measuring instruments distributed at each position of the ship bottom, and conveying the gas layer thickness to the control center; the control center obtains the thickness of each gas layer at the outer side of the ship bottom, and adjusts the gas amount sprayed out from the nozzles at corresponding positions through comparison with the preset gas layer thickness.
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| WO2022174476A1 (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-08-25 | 中船重工（上海）节能技术发展有限公司 | Gas supply system applicable to gas layer drag reduction ship, and ship |
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