CN110943570A - Automatic adjusting device for belt of oil pumping unit - Google Patents
Automatic adjusting device for belt of oil pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110943570A CN110943570A CN202010114455.1A CN202010114455A CN110943570A CN 110943570 A CN110943570 A CN 110943570A CN 202010114455 A CN202010114455 A CN 202010114455A CN 110943570 A CN110943570 A CN 110943570A
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- pumping unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/26—Means for adjusting casings relative to their supports
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B19/00—Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic adjusting device for a belt of an oil pumping unit, which comprises an oil pumping unit base, wherein a self-adaptive motor mounting base capable of mounting various motors is arranged above the oil pumping unit base, an adjusting component for adjusting the self-adaptive motor mounting base in multiple directions is arranged on the oil pumping unit base, and a tensioning component capable of constantly adjusting the tensioning force of the motor belt is arranged on the oil pumping unit base.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a belt adjusting device of a pumping unit, in particular to an automatic belt adjusting device of the pumping unit, which can automatically adjust the tension of a belt of the pumping unit, and belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation.
Background
The pumping unit belt is a transmission device for connecting the motor and the reduction box. The impact load of up-and-down reciprocating motion is in the oil pumping unit working process, the belt is very easy to elongate and relax in the working process, or the belt slips when meeting water due to rain and snow weather, if the center distance between the motor and the speed reducer is not adjusted in time to tension the belt, the friction force between the belt and the belt wheel is continuously reduced, the belt wheel slips and rotates, the low energy consumption of transmission efficiency is increased, and meanwhile, the belt is aggravated to wear.
In order to solve the above problems, an automatic belt adjusting device is available in the market as follows: 201711442968.X is an automatic adjusting device for the tightness of a belt of a motor of an oil pumping unit, which comprises a support, a guide rail sliding sleeve, a motor fixing seat and an adjusting screw rod, wherein the guide rail sliding sleeve is arranged outside the guide rail; the cable of the data transmission control cabinet is connected with the ground electrical control cabinet, and the data cable or the wireless transmission equipment is connected with the regional network center.
Above-mentioned this kind of belt automatic regulating apparatus can realize the effect of adjusting the beam-pumping unit motor belt elasticity, but this kind of belt automatic regulating apparatus adjustment direction is single, can only realize the folk prescription to the adjustment, and the motor fixing base is single, the motor fixing base of a model can only be applicable to the motor of a model, whole device all need be changed after changing the motor, application range is little, can not adapt to the motor of all models, it is inconvenient to use, and when adjusting, can not inject the problem that this adjusting device body is hit to the over stroke easily appears to the adjustment distance, the practicality is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic belt adjusting device of an oil pumping unit, which can keep the tension of a belt of the oil pumping unit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic adjusting device of pumping unit belt, includes the beam-pumping unit base, and the top of beam-pumping unit base is provided with the self-adaptation motor installation base that can install multiple motor, installs the adjustment subassembly of diversified adjustment self-adaptation motor installation base on the beam-pumping unit base, is provided with the tensioning subassembly that can adjust motor belt tensile force constantly on the beam-pumping unit base.
The following is a further optimization of the above technical solution of the present invention:
the adjusting assembly comprises two transverse guide rails which are fixedly arranged on the pumping unit base and arranged in parallel, transverse adjusting sliding sleeves are respectively installed on the transverse guide rails in a sliding mode, and two longitudinal guide rails which are arranged in parallel are fixedly connected to the opposite inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves.
Further optimization: two groups of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves are respectively arranged on the longitudinal guide rails, and the relative inner sides of each group of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the self-adaptive motor mounting base.
Further optimization: the tensioning assembly comprises a tensioning screw rod arranged below the self-adaptive motor mounting base, one end of the tensioning screw rod, which is close to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve, is connected to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve, and the other end of the tensioning screw rod can be a free end.
Further optimization: an electric tensioning mechanism is arranged at a position, close to the tensioning screw, on the self-adaptive motor mounting base, and the output end of the electric tensioning mechanism is in transmission connection with the tensioning screw through a transmission connection assembly.
Further optimization: and limiting devices are respectively arranged on two sides of the self-adaptive motor mounting base and comprise limit protection switches which are respectively and fixedly mounted on the opposite inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves.
Further optimization: the belt tensioning device is characterized in that a tensioning force detection device used for detecting the tensioning force of the belt is arranged on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve and comprises a load sensor, and the end part of the tensioning screw is tightly pressed on the detection end of the load sensor through an adjusting bolt.
Further optimization: the tensioning process of the automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit is automatically controlled by a control system, the control system comprises a main controller, the input end of the main controller is electrically connected with a detection feedback assembly, and the output end of the main controller is electrically connected with an external control and warning assembly.
Further optimization: the detection feedback assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor, a load sensor, a farthest distance travel switch, a nearest distance travel switch and a thermal relay, wherein the photoelectric sensor, the load sensor, the farthest distance travel switch and the nearest distance travel switch are electrically connected with an input end of a main controller in a one-way mode, a detection end of the photoelectric sensor is arranged above a belt, an input end and an output end of the main controller are electrically connected with an encoder in a two-way mode, and an output end and an input end of the encoder are respectively and sequentially electrically connected with an input end and an.
Further optimization: the external control and warning assembly comprises a forward button, a backward button, a warning lamp HD1, a warning lamp HD4, a warning lamp HD2, a warning lamp HD3, a farthest limit alarm lamp, a nearest limit alarm lamp and a warning lamp HR, wherein the forward button and the backward button are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the main controller, and the warning lamp HD1, the warning lamp HD4, the warning lamp HD2, the warning lamp HD3, the farthest limit alarm lamp, the nearest limit alarm lamp and the warning lamp HR are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the main controller.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tensioning device is ingenious in conception and reasonable in structure, can automatically adjust the tensioning force of the transmission belt of the motor of the pumping unit, can effectively solve the problem that the pumping unit belt slips and loses rotation after being stretched and loosened, enables the slip ratio of the pumping unit belt to be close to zero, avoids losing rotation to the maximum extent, can give an alarm when the belt is broken, automatically stops, and ensures the safety of production and equipment.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electric tensioner in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a control system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control screen of a touch screen in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a parameter adjustment interface of a touch screen in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an encoder installation interface of a touch panel in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a manual interface of a touch screen in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an alarm query interface of a touch screen in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-pumping unit base; 2-motor base locking; 3, transversely adjusting the sliding sleeve; 4-a transverse guide rail; 5, longitudinally adjusting the sliding sleeve; 6-longitudinal guide rail; 7-self-adaptive motor mounting base; 71-motor mounting holes; 8-an electric tensioning mechanism; 81-tensioning a drive motor; 9-tensioning screw rod; 91-positioning bolts; 92-adjusting bolts; 10-a load cell; 11-transversely adjusting the sliding sleeve fastening lock; 12-limit protection switch; 13-a photosensor; 14-an encoder; 16-thermal relay.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1-3, an automatic belt adjusting device for a pumping unit comprises a pumping unit base 1, wherein a self-adaptive motor installation base 7 capable of installing various motors is arranged above the pumping unit base 1, an adjusting assembly used for adjusting the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 in multiple directions is arranged on the pumping unit base 1, and a tensioning assembly capable of constantly adjusting the tension of a motor belt is arranged on the pumping unit base 1.
The oil pumping machine base 1 is provided with a mounting hole, and a bolt fastener can be arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner and used for fastening and mounting the whole oil pumping machine base 1.
The adjusting component comprises two transverse guide rails 4 which are fixedly arranged on the pumping unit base 1 and are arranged in parallel, and two ends of the two transverse guide rails 4 are fixed through motor base fastening locks 2 arranged on the pumping unit base 1 respectively.
The transverse guide rails 4 are respectively provided with a transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 in a sliding way, and the opposite inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves 3 are fixedly connected with two longitudinal guide rails 6 which are arranged in parallel.
By the design, when the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 transversely slides along the transverse guide rail 4, the longitudinal guide rail 6 can be driven to transversely move, and the transverse position of the longitudinal guide rail 6 can be adjusted.
And one side of the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 is respectively provided with a transverse adjusting sliding sleeve locking lock 11, and the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve locking lock 11 is used for fixing the position of the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 on the transverse guide rail 4.
By the design, the position of the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 on the transverse guide rail 4 can be conveniently controlled by adjusting the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve fastening lock 11.
Two groups of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves 5 are respectively arranged on the longitudinal guide rails 6 in a sliding manner, and the relative inner sides of each group of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves 5 are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the corresponding self-adaptive motor mounting base 7.
By the design, the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 can be supported by the longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeve 5 to slide along the longitudinal guide rail 6, so that the motor on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 is driven to move to adjust the center distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel on the motor.
There is not lug connection between two self-adaptation motor installation bases 7, and then self-adaptation motor installation base 7 can support two self-adaptation motor installation bases 7 through its relative vertical adjustment sliding sleeve 5 and slide along longitudinal rail 6 and then adjust the interval between two self-adaptation motor installation bases 7, and then can make self-adaptation motor installation base 7 can be used for installing the motor of multiple different specifications, improves application range.
The self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 is provided with a motor mounting hole 71 for mounting a motor, and one of the motor mounting holes 71 is a strip-shaped hole.
So design, motor mounting hole 71 on the accessible self-adaptation motor installation base 7 can be convenient with motor fixed mounting on self-adaptation motor installation base 7 to this motor mounting hole 71's overall structure is rectangular shape, can conveniently be applicable to the interval of mounting hole on the motor of different models, and then can be used to install the motor of multiple different specifications, improves application range.
The tensioning assembly can adjust the transverse position of the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 in real time, and further adjust the center distance between a driving wheel and a driven wheel on the motor to adjust the tensioning force of the transmission belt.
The tensioning assembly comprises a tensioning screw 9 arranged below the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7, the tensioning screw 9 is arranged in parallel with the longitudinal guide rail 6, and one end, close to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3, of the tensioning screw 9 is connected to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3.
The end, close to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3, of the tensioning screw 9 is provided with a mounting hole, the axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the axis of the tensioning screw 9, a positioning bolt 91 penetrates through the mounting hole, and the tensioning screw 9 is mounted on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 through the positioning bolt 91.
The diameter of the mounting hole on the tensioning screw 9 is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the positioning bolt 91, so that the tensioning screw 9 can be mounted on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 through the positioning bolt 91 penetrating through the mounting hole, and the tensioning screw 9 can also move in a small longitudinal range.
The other end of the tensioning screw 9 can be a free end and can also be in sliding connection with the corresponding transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3.
An electric tensioning mechanism 8 is arranged at a position, close to the tensioning screw rod 9, on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7, and the output end of the electric tensioning mechanism 8 is in transmission connection with the tensioning screw rod 9 through a transmission connection assembly.
The electric tensioning mechanism 8 comprises a tensioning drive motor 81 fixedly mounted below the adaptive motor mounting base 7.
The transmission connection assembly comprises a worm fixedly connected to the output end of the tensioning driving motor 81, a worm wheel is meshed with the lower side of the worm, a through hole is formed in the middle of the worm wheel, threads matched with the tensioning screw rod 9 for use are formed in the through hole, and the worm wheel is meshed with the screw rod through internal threads of the through hole.
By the design, when the tensioning driving motor 81 outputs power to drive the worm to rotate through the output end, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, the tensioning screw 9 is fixedly connected with the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3, the worm wheel rotates to move along the axial direction of the tensioning screw 9, and the electric tensioning mechanism 8 linearly reciprocates along the axial direction of the tensioning screw 9.
The electric tensioning mechanism 8 moves to drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move along the axis direction of the tensioning screw 9, and the longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeve 5 is supported by the longitudinal guide rail 6 to slide so as to conveniently drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move.
And limiting devices for limiting the moving limit position of the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 are respectively arranged on two sides of the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7.
The limiting device comprises limit protection switches 12 which are respectively and fixedly installed on the relative inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves 3, and contacts of the limit protection switches 12 respectively face the self-adaptive motor installation base 7.
The limit protection switch 12 is configured to be contacted when the adaptive motor mounting base 7 is slid to the left and right limit positions along the longitudinal guide 6, for limiting the moving range of the adaptive motor mounting base 7.
And a tension force detection device for detecting the tension force of the belt is arranged on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3.
The tension detection device comprises a load sensor 10 fixedly installed on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3, the end part of the tensioning screw 9 is pressed on the detection end of the load sensor 10 through an adjusting bolt 92, and the load sensor 10 bears the pressure of the tensioning screw 9 and outputs a corresponding millivolt-level signal according to the pressure.
By the design, when the tensioning screw 9 moves to one side close to the load sensor 10, the tensioning screw 9 can apply pressure to the load sensor 10, and then the load sensor 10 can monitor the pressure of the tensioning screw 9 moving to one side close to the load sensor 10 in real time, so that the tensioning force of the belt can be detected in real time.
The design is that when the pumping unit is used, firstly, the pumping unit base 1 is placed at a preset position, then the pumping unit base 1 is fixedly installed by adopting a bolt fastener, then the motor base confinement lock 2 is locked and used for fixing the transverse guide rail 4, then a motor of the pumping unit is installed on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7, then the longitudinal guide rail 6 and the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 are driven to transversely move and adjust the position by moving the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 on the transverse guide rail 4, a belt wheel of the motor fixedly installed on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 and a driven wheel of the pumping unit are positioned on the same plane, and then the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 is fixed at the position on the transverse guide rail 4 by the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve confinement lock 11, so that the transverse adjustment is completed.
After adjustment is finished, the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 is driven by the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to move along the axis direction of the tensioning screw 9, when the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves close to the load sensor 10, a motor on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves close to a driven wheel of the pumping unit, when the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves to contact with the limit protection switch 12 on the left side, the distance between a driving wheel of the motor on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 and the driven wheel of the pumping unit is the minimum distance, and at the moment, a worker can conveniently replace a belt between the driving wheel and the driven wheel;
when the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves away from the load sensor 10, the motor on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves away from the driven wheel of the pumping unit, when the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 moves to contact the left limit protection switch 12, the distance between the driving wheel of the motor on the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 and the driven wheel of the pumping unit is the maximum distance, the belt is tensioned to the maximum, and the belt is damaged with fatigue and needs to be replaced.
After the belt is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 to move towards one side far away from the load sensor 10, the wheel distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is increased at the moment, the belt is tensioned, the tensioning force of the belt can act on the motor, the tensioning force can pull the motor to drive the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 to move towards one side close to the driven wheel of the pumping unit, the force is equal to the tensioning force of the belt, the moving force on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 can be transmitted to the tensioning screw rod 9, the tensioning screw rod 9 can apply pressure to the load sensor 10 at the moment, the load sensor 10 can monitor the force on the tensioning screw rod 9 in real time, and the tensioning force of the belt can be detected in real time.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the tensioning process of the automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit is automatically controlled by a control system, the control system comprises a control cabinet, a main controller is arranged in the control cabinet, the input end of the main controller is electrically connected with a detection feedback assembly, and the output end of the main controller is electrically connected with an external control and warning assembly.
The main controller is a PLC main controller, the PLC main controller is the prior art directly purchased from the market, and the specific model of the PLC main controller is Xinjie XD-E1-WT-A.
The detection feedback assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor 13, a load sensor 10, an encoder 14, a farthest distance travel switch, a closest distance travel switch and a thermal relay 16, wherein the output ends of the photoelectric sensor 13, the load sensor 10, the farthest distance travel switch, the closest distance travel switch and the thermal relay 16 are respectively in one-way electric connection with the input end of the PLC main controller.
And the output end and the input end of the encoder 14 are respectively and sequentially in bidirectional electric connection with the input end and the output end of the PLC main controller.
The output end and the input end of the encoder 14 are respectively and sequentially in bidirectional electric connection with the input end and the output end of the electric tensioning mechanism 8.
When the PLC main controller outputs a signal for controlling the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to work, the signal is transmitted to the encoder 14, the encoder 14 receives the signal and converts the signal into a linear running distance and controls the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to work to drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move, after the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 is moved, the encoder 14 detects the movement of the electric tensioning mechanism 8 driving the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 and transmits the movement distance to the PLC main controller, and the PLC main controller monitors the movement distance in real time.
The external control and warning assembly comprises a forward button, a backward button, a warning lamp HD1, a warning lamp HD4, a warning lamp HD2, a warning lamp HD3, a farthest limit alarm lamp, a nearest limit alarm lamp and a warning lamp HR, wherein the forward button and the backward button are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the PLC main controller.
The warning light HD1, the warning light HD4, the warning light HD2, the warning light HD3, the farthest limit alarm lamp, the nearest limit alarm lamp and the warning light HR are all fixedly arranged on the control cabinet.
Warning light HD1, warning light HD4, warning light HD2, warning light HD3, farthest limit alarm lamp, nearest limit alarm lamp, warning light HR respectively with PLC main control unit's output electric connection.
The input end and the two-way electricity of output of PLC main control unit are connected with the touch-control screen, the touch-control screen can show each item parameter of during operation in real time and be used for to PLC main control unit input, modify the parameter of tensile force.
The detection end of the photoelectric sensor 13 is arranged above the belt and used for detecting the belt abrasion degree at any time and sending the detection signal to the PLC main controller so as to judge the belt abrasion degree.
After the delaminating phenomenon appears when the belt uses for a long time, the surface of belt can the perk, at this moment, the belt is when rotating the in-process during the sense terminal of photoelectric sensor 13, the position of perk on the belt surface can shorten and photoelectric sensor 13 spacing between the sense terminal, and then make photoelectric sensor 13 detect the top layer of belt and appear the perk, delaminating phenomenon, photoelectric sensor 13 can send this detected signal to PLC main control unit this moment, PLC main control unit control warning light HD1 lights, warning light HD1 lights this moment and represents the belt delaminating, need overhaul or change the belt.
The output end of the load sensor 10 is in one-way electric connection with the input end of the PLC main controller, when the tensioning screw 9 moves to one side far away from the load sensor 10, the moving force can directly act on the load sensor 10, then the load sensor 10 can monitor the force of the tensioning screw 9 moving to one side far away from the load sensor 10 in real time, the moving force of the tensioning screw 9 is the tensioning force, and then the load sensor 10 can send the detection signal to the PLC main controller.
The farthest distance travel switch is a limit protection switch 12 fixedly arranged on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 far away from the load sensor 10.
When self-adaptation motor installation base 7 was moved to the farthest distance by the drive of electronic straining device 8, self-adaptation motor installation base 7 can contact with limit protection switch 12, and this limit protection switch 12 action this moment to give PLC main control unit with this signal transmission, PLC main control unit received signal back control warning light HD4 and lights, and warning light HD4 lights this moment promptly for the belt fracture or belt tired impaired can not continue to use.
The nearest distance travel switch is an extreme protection switch 12 fixedly arranged on the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 at one side with the load sensor 10.
When self-adaptation motor installation base 7 was moved to the nearest distance by the drive of electronic straining device 8, self-adaptation motor installation base 7 can contact with limit protection switch 12, and this limit protection switch 12 action this moment to give PLC main control unit with this signal transmission, PLC main control unit received signal back control nearest limit position warning light and lights, and nearest limit position warning light lights this moment is self-adaptation motor installation base 7 for moving to the nearest distance, can change the belt this moment.
The thermal relay main circuit is connected in series with a driving motor main circuit of the electric tensioning mechanism 8, a normally closed point of an auxiliary contact of the thermal relay is connected in series with a control circuit, when the electric tensioning mechanism 8 has a mechanical locking fault or a main circuit power supply is out of phase, the thermal relay acts, and the normally closed auxiliary contact is disconnected to cut off a control circuit power supply so as to cut off the driving motor power supply of the electric tensioning mechanism 8; meanwhile, the normally open point of the auxiliary contact of the thermal relay is closed to connect the power supply to send a fault signal.
The output end of the PLC main controller is connected with a remote information transmission module, the remote information transmission module is in wired or wireless information transmission, and the remote information transmission module is connected with a command center and used for transmitting real-time monitoring data of the PLC main controller to the command center.
The wired transmission is that a communication end RS485 port on the PLC main controller is connected with an RS485 interface of the command center through a signal transmission line, and the real-time monitoring data of the PLC main controller is transmitted to the command center through the signal transmission line.
The wireless transmission is ZigBee signal output, and real-time monitoring data of the PLC main controller can be transmitted to a command center through a signal transmission line through a network.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a control screen, a parameter calibration interface, an encoder setting, a manual screen, and an alarm query are displayed on the touch screen.
The control picture is a picture for controlling the automatic operation of the automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit, the control picture is provided with an upper tensioning setting limit and a lower tensioning setting limit, the upper tensioning setting limit and the lower tensioning setting limit can set tensioning force according to actual conditions, and after the setting is completed, the limit value is transmitted to the PLC main controller, and the PLC main controller adjusts the belt tensioning force according to the range.
The control picture is provided with a detection period, wherein the detection period is the time for calculating the average value of the expansion value in the period time so as to filter the peak-valley value (such as motor vibration, belt shake and the like) generated when the load sensor 10 detects the tensioning force, and ensure the accuracy of the data detected by the load sensor 10.
The control picture is provided with feeding amount of each time, the feeding amount of each time is the adjustment amount of the control system in an automatic mode, the electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move forward or backward each time, the smaller the value is, the more accurate the adjustment is, and meanwhile, the more trivial the start and stop of the adjustment electric tensioning mechanism 8 during the initial adjustment is generally set between 0.5 and 1.
And a real-time expansion display is arranged on the control picture, and the real-time expansion display is the display of the instantaneous expansion force when the load sensor 10 detects the tension.
The control screen is provided with an average expansion display, which is an average expansion display of the expansion of the load sensor 10 in a time period set by a detection period when the tension is detected.
An actual position is set on the control screen, and the actual position is a current stroke position of the adaptive motor mounting base 7 detected by the encoder 14.
And a forward target position is arranged on the control picture, and the forward target position is a position at which a preset electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move forward.
A backward target position is arranged on the control picture, and the backward target position is a position at which a preset electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to backward.
The control picture is provided with forward, backward and alarm instructions, and when an alarm signal appears, the alarm indicator lamp is turned on and can be checked through the touch screen to obtain the alarm signal.
The parameter adjusting picture is a picture for adjusting the parameters of the control system, and password modification is arranged on the parameter adjusting picture and is used for setting a password for starting up operation according to the habit of a user.
The parameter adjusting picture is provided with a collection value, the collection value is a currently collected numerical value, the parameter adjusting picture is provided with a real-time weight display, and the real-time weight display is a converted numerical value of the tension force.
And a zero calibration point is arranged on the parameter adjusting picture, and the zero calibration point is formed by clicking a zero calibration point key under the condition that a belt is not arranged between a driving wheel of the motor and a driven wheel of the pumping unit after the motor is arranged on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 or the belt is not stressed, so that expansion and zero resetting are carried out.
The weight mass, weight calibration and weight end on the parameter adjusting picture are used for calibrating the weight detected by the load sensor 10, a standard 25Kg weight is preferably used and loaded to the load sensor, at the moment, an actual measurement value is displayed by the instrument, the measurement value is determined as an instrument standard value after being repeatedly determined for several times, and then zero clearing operation is carried out. After the instrument is set, weights (5 kg, 10kg and 15 kg) with different masses are repeatedly placed for several times to inspect the weighing accuracy of the equipment
And a coefficient value is arranged on the parameter adjusting picture, and the coefficient value is an acquisition conversion coefficient of the control system.
And a proportional value is set on the parameter adjusting picture, and the proportional value is the proportion of the actual value tension force detected by the load sensor 10 of the control system to the display tension force value displayed on the touch screen.
And a belt breakage alarm value is set on the parameter adjusting picture, the belt breakage alarm value is a preset minimum tension force of the belt, when the tension force detected by the load sensor 10 is smaller than the belt breakage alarm value, the belt between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is damaged by fracture or fatigue and cannot be normally driven, and at the moment, the PLC main controller sends a belt breakage alarm signal and displays alarm information on the touch screen.
The encoder setting is used for setting parameters in an encoder 14 of the control system, and encoder collecting values are set on an encoder setting picture and are the number of pulses of the encoder 14.
The number of pulses per circle of the encoder is set on the encoder setting picture, the number of pulses per circle of the encoder is 100, the speed ratio of the electric tensioning mechanism 8 is 24:1, namely, the turbine rotates for one circle in each 2400 pulse electric tensioning mechanism 8, the thread pitch of the thread machined at the center of the turbine is 6mm (2400/6 =400 pulses), and the electric tensioning mechanism 8 moves forward or backward for 1mm corresponding to 400 pulses of the encoder.
The encoder setting picture is provided with a motor reduction ratio which is the reduction ratio of a speed reducer on the electric tensioning mechanism 8.
The encoder setting picture is provided with a screw pitch which is the pitch of the tensioning screw 9 to be set.
An actual position is set on the encoder setting picture, and the actual position is the position of the electric tensioning mechanism 8 and is relative to a zero point.
The encoder is provided with a belt alarm value on a setting picture, wherein the belt alarm value is the maximum stretching length of a belt between a driving wheel and a driven wheel, (and the electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move for the farthest distance). When the electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move to the farthest distance, the belt is stretched to the maximum length, and further the belt is damaged by fatigue, at the moment, the PLC main controller sends out a belt fatigue alarm signal, and alarm information is displayed on the touch screen; the belt alarm value is set according to the initial expansion position.
The encoder setting picture is provided with a setting device which returns to zero according to the position of the 2S encoder, the operation is carried out after the primary expansion adjustment is completed, the primary expansion position is a relative zero point, and the operation and the alarm are carried out by taking the relative zero point as the zero point.
The manual picture is a picture for controlling the operation of the automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit by a control system manually, a permitted manual control button is arranged on the manual picture, and the control system enters a manual control mode by clicking the permitted manual control button.
A manual forward button and a manual backward button are arranged on the manual picture, and the manual forward button is used for manually controlling the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to advance; the manual backward button is used for manually controlling the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to retreat.
An actual position is set on the manual picture, and the actual position is the actual position of the displayed adaptive motor mounting base 7.
The alarm inquiry is that the control system inquires the generated faults, has alarm type alarm time and the like, can carry out alarm clearing, and automatically clears the earliest alarm information when the alarm record is larger than the storage capacity.
In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 9, the control system in embodiment 1 may also adopt the structure shown in fig. 8, and the main controller of the control system in embodiment 1 may also be a single chip microcomputer host.
As shown in fig. 1-8, when in use, firstly, the pumping unit base 1 is placed at a preset position, then the pumping unit base 1 is fixedly installed by using a bolt fastener, then the motor base fastening lock 2 is locked for fixing the transverse guide rail 4, then the motor of the pumping unit is installed on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7, then the longitudinal guide rail 6 and the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 are driven to transversely move to adjust the position by moving the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 on the transverse guide rail 4, a belt wheel of the motor fixedly installed on the self-adaptive motor installation base 7 and a driven wheel of the pumping unit are positioned on the same plane, and then the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve fastening lock 11 is used for fixing the position of the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve 3 on the transverse guide rail 4, so that the transverse adjustment is completed.
Then, a worker starts a control system and enters a manual picture, clicks a manual control permission button, clicks a manual backward button to enable the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to be powered on to act, the electric tensioning mechanism 8 drives the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move towards the inner side of the belt, the center distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is reduced, and then the transmission belt is mounted on the driving wheel and the driven wheel.
Then, a worker clicks a manual advance button to enable the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to electrically drive the self-adaptive motor mounting base 7 to move towards the outer side of the belt, the center distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is lengthened, the transmission belt is tensioned, then the tension force detected by the load sensor 10 is observed in real time, and the operation is stopped when the tension force reaches a preset value.
And then switching to a control picture to click and start, so that the control system automatically controls the automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit, wherein during automatic control, the electric tensioning mechanism 8 is automatically controlled by a PLC main controller to operate, when the tension detected by the load sensor 10 is smaller than a preset value, the PLC main controller controls the electric tensioning mechanism 8 to start through an encoder 14, and performs forward feeding according to preset feeding amount each time, when the tension detected by the load sensor 10 is smaller than the preset value, the electric tensioning mechanism 8 stops tensioning, and the tensioning process is completed.
And in the running process, if the belt is broken, fatigued and delaminated, the PLC main controller sends out an alarm signal and transmits the signal to a command center in an information transmission mode.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tension of the transmission belt of the motor of the pumping unit can be detected in real time, the tension of the belt can be automatically adjusted, the problem that the belt of the pumping unit slips and loses rotation after being stretched and loosened can be effectively solved, the slip ratio of the belt of the pumping unit is close to zero, and the condition of losing rotation is avoided to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the alarm can be given when the belt is broken, the machine is automatically stopped, and the safety of production and equipment is ensured.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a beam-pumping unit belt automatic regulating apparatus, includes beam-pumping unit base (1), its characterized in that: self-adaptation motor installation base (7) that can install multiple motor are provided with to the top of beam-pumping unit base (1), install the adjustment subassembly that is used for diversified adjustment self-adaptation motor installation base (7) on beam-pumping unit base (1), are provided with the tensioning subassembly that can adjust motor belt tensile force constantly on beam-pumping unit base (1).
2. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting assembly comprises two transverse guide rails (4) which are fixedly arranged on the pumping unit base (1) and are arranged in parallel, transverse adjusting sliding sleeves (3) are respectively installed on the transverse guide rails (4) in a sliding mode, and two longitudinal guide rails (6) which are arranged in parallel are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves (3) in a relative mode.
3. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: two groups of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves (5) are respectively arranged on the longitudinal guide rails (6) in a sliding manner, and the relative inner sides of each group of longitudinal adjusting sliding sleeves (5) are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the corresponding self-adaptive motor mounting base (7).
4. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the tensioning assembly comprises a tensioning screw (9) arranged below the self-adaptive motor mounting base (7), one end, close to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve (3), of the tensioning screw (9) is connected to the transverse adjusting sliding sleeve (3), and the other end of the tensioning screw (9) is a free end.
5. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: an electric tensioning mechanism (8) is arranged at a position, close to the tensioning screw (9), on the self-adaptive motor mounting base (7), and the output end of the electric tensioning mechanism (8) is in transmission connection with the tensioning screw (9) through a transmission connection assembly.
6. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: and limiting devices are respectively arranged on two sides of the self-adaptive motor mounting base (7), and each limiting device comprises a limit protection switch (12) which is respectively and fixedly mounted on the relative inner sides of the two transverse adjusting sliding sleeves (3).
7. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: be provided with the tensile force detection device who is used for detecting belt tensioning dynamics on horizontal adjusting sliding sleeve (3), tensile force detection device includes load sensor (10), the tip of tensioning screw rod (9) compresses tightly on the detection end of load sensor (10) through adjusting bolt (92).
8. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the adjusting device is automatically controlled by a control system, the control system comprises a main controller, the input end of the main controller is electrically connected with a detection feedback assembly, and the output end of the main controller is electrically connected with an external control and warning assembly.
9. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: the detection feedback assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor (13) which is connected with the input end of the main controller in an unidirectional electric mode, a load sensor (10), a farthest distance travel switch, a closest distance travel switch and a thermal relay (16), the detection end of the photoelectric sensor (13) is arranged above the belt, the input end and the output end of the main controller are connected with an encoder (14) in a bidirectional electric mode, and the output end and the input end of the encoder (14) are respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the electric tensioning mechanism (8) in a bidirectional electric mode in sequence.
10. The automatic belt adjusting device of the oil pumping unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: the external control and warning assembly comprises a forward button, a backward button, a warning lamp HD1, a warning lamp HD4, a warning lamp HD2, a warning lamp HD3, a farthest limit alarm lamp, a nearest limit alarm lamp and a warning lamp HR, wherein the forward button and the backward button are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the main controller, and the warning lamp HD1, the warning lamp HD4, the warning lamp HD2, the warning lamp HD3, the farthest limit alarm lamp, the nearest limit alarm lamp and the warning lamp HR are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the main controller.
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| CN202010114455.1A CN110943570B (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | Automatic adjusting device for belt of oil pumping unit |
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| CN202010114455.1A CN110943570B (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | Automatic adjusting device for belt of oil pumping unit |
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| CN110943570B (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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