CN110942406B - Unmanned aerial vehicle-based construction engineering management and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction engineering management and control method based on unmanned aerial vehicle, which is characterized in that after CAD plane design files are imported into Arcmap software, design elements which need to be fitted to an orthographic image are extracted according to plane design file element classification, at least 3 pairs of source anchor points and target anchor points are identified on the design elements and the orthographic image, and a 'source anchor point-target anchor point' link library is established, so that fitting of the design elements and the orthographic image is realized.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle-based construction engineering management and control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a construction engineering management and control method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, in particular to the application and research fields of digital maps and orthographic image maps.

Background

The technical method is based on an orthographic image, and uses Arcmap software to realize the fitting of a plane design scheme (CAD file) and the orthographic image. The orthophoto image synthesizing method and technology are mature, and the Arcmap software is also widely applied in the GIS information processing field.

The technical method can realize the live-action and visualization of the plane design schemes such as the total plane layout diagram, the foundation pit supporting plane layout diagram, the utility tunnel plane layout diagram and the like, intuitively and clearly reflect the position relationship and the distance between each boundary line and the peripheral roads and structures, is beneficial to finding and solving various design conflicts as soon as possible, effectively improves the rationality of the construction area arrangement scheme and the process lap joint at each construction stage, and ensures the orderly operation of construction projects. In the reported literature, no similar technical method is found.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects, thereby providing the construction engineering control method based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which is convenient for realizing engineering control.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

unmanned aerial vehicle-based construction engineering management and control method comprises the following steps: after a CAD plane design file is imported into Arcmap software, the design elements which need to be fitted to an orthographic image are extracted according to the classification of the plane design file elements, at least 3 pairs of source anchor points and target anchor points are identified on the design elements and the orthographic image, and a source anchor point-target anchor point link library is established, so that the fitting of the design elements and the orthographic image is realized; the orthographic image is obtained through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photographing, and then is obtained through Photomod data processing;

step 1:

selecting elements to be superimposed using a "selection" tool of ArcMap software;

step 2:

finding a vertex which can be clearly identified in the orthophoto map in the selected element, and establishing a source anchor point;

step 3:

2, after finding out the vertex corresponding to the step 2 in the orthophoto layer, clicking the left mouse button to establish a target anchor point;

by repeating the step 2 and the step 3, anchor points can be established in the orthographic image layer for other elements in the CAD element image layer, at least three pairs of anchor points are required to be established for superposition of the CAD element image layer and the orthographic image layer, and the establishment precision of the original anchor points and the target anchor points directly influences the superposition of the two image layers;

step 4:

after the anchor point is established, an operator opens a link table, clicks one link in the link table, checks whether the current link anchor point relationship is correct by switching the layers, and if the anchor point needs to be modified, adjusts the anchor point position to complete the link and the anchor point checking, and automatically completes the layer superposition according to the link and the anchor point through software;

step 5:

switching to an orthophoto image layer and saving the layer superposition result.

The data processing method for obtaining the orthographic image is that,

step 1: blind area detection: according to high-precision DEM data of a aerial photographing area, a quadtree technology is adopted to rapidly calculate the shielding condition of each pixel in an image, and a blind area pattern spot is generated;

in the step a, the specific steps of blind area detection are as follows:

11: calculating a projection area y of the image on the DEM;

12: the projection area y is subdivided step by using a quadtree technology, a quadtree Di is generated, wherein the area corresponding to the four nodes of the first layer of Di is four sub-areas divided in the horizontal and vertical directions by taking the projection of a shooting point in a projection plane as the center, the subdivision method of other layers is that the area corresponding to a father node is divided into four equal parts, and the Di leaf node size is not more than 200x200 pixels;

13: on the Di tree, the visual condition from the pixels contained in each leaf node to the shooting site is rapidly calculated, if the visual condition is blocked by other pixels, the position corresponding to the pixel is a blind spot, and all the blind spots are communicated together to form a blind spot;

step 2: generating a mask image: generating a mask image of the corresponding image according to the dead zone image spots and the effective area of the superimposed image;

step 3: filling and fusing blind areas: generating a weight template, selecting an effective pixel with the maximum weight from adjacent images according to the topological relation among the images, and filling blind areas and spots of the corresponding parts by using an image multi-scale fusion technology;

step 4: and (3) homogenizing the image: constructing a global color homogenizing template considering local, and carrying out batch parallel color homogenizing treatment on single images;

step 5: generating an orthophoto image: and splicing the images with the overlapping degree by adopting a DOM mosaic line searching algorithm, and outputting an orthophoto map.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the design scheme is realistic. In the project early planning and scheme design stage, through superposing the plane design schemes such as the total plane layout diagram, the foundation pit supporting plane layout diagram, the utility tunnel plane layout diagram and the like on the DOM image of the construction area, the position relationship and the distance between each boundary line and the peripheral roads and structures can be intuitively and clearly reflected, various design conflicts can be found and solved as soon as possible, the rationality of the construction area arrangement scheme and the process lap joint of each construction stage is effectively improved, and the orderly operation of the construction project is ensured.

2. The new visual management method effectively improves the engineering management work effect. For example, the foundation pit supporting plane layout diagram is superimposed on the DOM image, so that the construction progress and precision of earthwork and foundation pit supporting engineering can be intuitively and clearly reflected, and a working basis is provided for progress and quality management and construction organization adjustment and optimization.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further understood by the following description of embodiments, but the specific embodiments given by the applicant should not be considered as limiting the technical solution of the present invention, and any modification of the definition of components or technical features and/or the form of the whole structure without substantial change should be considered as the protection scope defined by the technical solution of the present invention.

Unmanned aerial vehicle-based construction engineering management and control method comprises the following steps: after a CAD plane design file is imported into Arcmap software, the design elements which need to be fitted to an orthographic image are extracted according to the classification of the plane design file elements, at least 3 pairs of source anchor points and target anchor points are identified on the design elements and the orthographic image, and a source anchor point-target anchor point link library is established, so that the fitting of the design elements and the orthographic image is realized; the orthographic image is obtained through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photographing, and then is obtained through Photomod data processing;

step 1:

selecting elements to be superimposed using a "selection" tool of ArcMap software;

step 2:

finding a vertex which can be clearly identified in the orthophoto map in the selected element, and establishing a source anchor point;

step 3:

2, after finding out the vertex corresponding to the step 2 in the orthophoto layer, clicking the left mouse button to establish a target anchor point;

by repeating the step 2 and the step 3, anchor points can be established in the orthographic image layer for other elements in the CAD element image layer, at least three pairs of anchor points are required to be established for superposition of the CAD element image layer and the orthographic image layer, and the establishment precision of the original anchor points and the target anchor points directly influences the superposition of the two image layers;

step 4:

after the anchor point is established, an operator opens a link table, clicks one link in the link table, checks whether the current link anchor point relationship is correct by switching the layers, and if the anchor point needs to be modified, adjusts the anchor point position to complete the link and the anchor point checking, and automatically completes the layer superposition according to the link and the anchor point through software;

step 5:

switching to an orthophoto image layer and saving the layer superposition result.

The data processing method for obtaining the orthographic image is that,

step 1: blind area detection: according to high-precision DEM data of a aerial photographing area, a quadtree technology is adopted to rapidly calculate the shielding condition of each pixel in an image, and a blind area pattern spot is generated;

in the step a, the specific steps of blind area detection are as follows:

11: calculating a projection area y of the image on the DEM;

12: the projection area y is subdivided step by using a quadtree technology, a quadtree Di is generated, wherein the area corresponding to the four nodes of the first layer of Di is four sub-areas divided in the horizontal and vertical directions by taking the projection of a shooting point in a projection plane as the center, the subdivision method of other layers is that the area corresponding to a father node is divided into four equal parts, and the Di leaf node size is not more than 200x200 pixels;

13: on the Di tree, the visual condition from the pixels contained in each leaf node to the shooting site is rapidly calculated, if the visual condition is blocked by other pixels, the position corresponding to the pixel is a blind spot, and all the blind spots are communicated together to form a blind spot;

step 2: generating a mask image: generating a mask image of the corresponding image according to the dead zone image spots and the effective area of the superimposed image;

step 3: filling and fusing blind areas: generating a weight template, selecting an effective pixel with the maximum weight from adjacent images according to the topological relation among the images, and filling blind areas and spots of the corresponding parts by using an image multi-scale fusion technology;

step 4: and (3) homogenizing the image: constructing a global color homogenizing template considering local, and carrying out batch parallel color homogenizing treatment on single images;

step 5: generating an orthophoto image: and splicing the images with the overlapping degree by adopting a DOM mosaic line searching algorithm, and outputting an orthophoto map.

Claims (1)

1. After a CAD plane design file is imported into Arcmap software, design elements which need to be fitted to an orthographic image are classified and extracted according to the elements of the plane design file, at least 3 pairs of source anchor points and target anchor points are identified on the design elements and the orthographic image, and a 'source anchor point-target anchor point' link library is established, so that fitting of the design elements and the orthographic image is realized;

the orthographic image is obtained through aerial photographing of an unmanned plane, and then is obtained through data processing; the method is characterized in that:

step 1:

selecting elements to be superimposed using a "selection" tool of ArcMap software;

step 2:

finding a vertex which can be clearly identified in the orthophoto map in the selected element, and establishing a source anchor point;

step 3:

2, after finding out the vertex corresponding to the step 2 in the orthophoto layer, clicking the left mouse button to establish a target anchor point;

by repeating the step 2 and the step 3, anchor points can be established in the orthographic image layer for other elements in the CAD element image layer, at least three pairs of anchor points are required to be established for superposition of the CAD element image layer and the orthographic image layer, and the establishment precision of the original anchor points and the target anchor points directly influences the superposition of the two image layers;

step 4:

after the anchor point is established, an operator opens a link table, clicks one link in the link table, checks whether the current link anchor point relationship is correct by switching the layers, and if the anchor point needs to be modified, adjusts the anchor point position to complete the link and the anchor point checking, and automatically completes the layer superposition according to the link and the anchor point through software;

step 5:

switching to an orthophoto image layer and saving the layer superposition result.