CN110937921A - Method for improving seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of concrete surface by using water-based waterproof agent - Google Patents
Method for improving seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of concrete surface by using water-based waterproof agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN110937921A CN110937921A CN201911366376.3A CN201911366376A CN110937921A CN 110937921 A CN110937921 A CN 110937921A CN 201911366376 A CN201911366376 A CN 201911366376A CN 110937921 A CN110937921 A CN 110937921A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- -1 alkyl trimethoxy silane Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC(C)C)(OCC)OCC ALVYUZIFSCKIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VRINOTYEGADLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC VRINOTYEGADLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005376 alkyl siloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/64—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of concrete protection and material chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of a concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing hydrolysate of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane; step two: spraying protection treatment is carried out on the prepared alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on dry concrete; step three: and carrying out post-treatment on the sprayed concrete. The method does not change the friction coefficient of the concrete pavement, ensures the normal operation of transportation, and simultaneously, the used protective agent is water-based alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate, thereby having good incombustibility, environmental protection, low production cost, simple preparation process and convenient construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete protection and material chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of a concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent.
Background
In cold areas in northern China, the freeze-thaw damage problem of the concrete pavement is particularly prominent, and the damage is shown in the phenomenon that the surface of the pavement is peeled and damaged by large-area concrete due to the damage effect of freeze-thaw cycles when a newly repaired pavement is used for only a few years. This aspect presents a potential hazard to the operation of the user unit and to the safety of the means of transport; on the other hand, the service life of the road surface is greatly shortened, and the investment benefit of engineering construction is directly influenced.
At present, it is generally considered in China that the main cause of the pavement peeling and damage is freeze-thaw cycle damage under the condition of cold ice and snow climate, snow water seeps into the concrete through pores of the concrete surface layer, frost heaving is generated under the condition of freezing, and the process is repeated in cycles, so that the concrete surface layer is pulled to generate peeling and damage. For a concrete pavement, the pavement is usually frozen by rain and snow retained on the surface due to low environmental temperature, and road workers usually use deicing liquid to deice the concrete pavement for many times in order to ensure normal operation of vehicles. This causes the concrete pavement to be in a freeze-thaw cycle environment for a long time, so that the concrete pavement is obviously damaged by freeze thawing.
In order to improve the freezing and thawing resistance of concrete, researchers also carry out some research and application aiming at the freezing and thawing resistance of airport pavement, for newly-built concrete pavement, concrete with freezing resistance is generally prepared to lay the concrete pavement, and a method for preparing the concrete with freezing resistance is to introduce waterproof reinforcing agents (such as air entraining agents, water reducing agents and other additives) into the concrete so as to improve the freezing resistance of the concrete and realize the performance of the concrete pavement with the freezing and thawing resistance stability. Although the compressive strength of concrete is reduced by introducing air bubbles into the concrete, the flexural strength of the concrete is improved by introducing micro-bubbles with proper gradation and proper size, which is very beneficial for road concrete, and the air entraining agent can increase the air content of the concrete and uniformly distribute the air bubbles. The water reducing agent can reduce the water-cement ratio of the concrete, thereby reducing the porosity and finally improving the frost resistance of the concrete. In general, these methods are very effective for building waterproof concrete pavements. But for the constructed concrete road surface, the freeze-thaw resistance stability of the concrete is improved by improving the waterproof and anti-permeability performance of the constructed concrete road mainly through a waterproof coating technical means. The types of the existing waterproof coatings for concrete mainly comprise epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylate, fluorocarbon, organosilicon waterproof coatings and the like, the former four types of waterproof coatings mainly form a layer of hydrophobic film on the surface of the concrete to prevent water from seeping into the concrete, and the waterproof agents seriously hinder the 'breathing effect', namely air permeability, of the concrete, change the surface friction coefficient of a concrete road surface and have great potential safety hazard on the normal operation of vehicles; the organosilicon waterproof coating belongs to a permeable coating, and a layer of reticular hydrophobic membrane is formed by mutual reaction of the reactivity of siloxane and reacts with hydroxyl in concrete to generate hydrophobic groups. Therefore, the permeable organic silicon coating has excellent waterproof and anti-permeability effects on the premise of keeping the friction coefficient of a concrete pavement unchanged, and the phenomenon of freeze-thaw damage of the concrete caused by containing a large amount of free water in the concrete under the condition of freeze-thaw cycle is avoided, so that the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability. However, in the practical application process, the concrete is usually treated by directly coating with the organosiloxane, so that a large amount of excess organosiloxane remains in the concrete, and the organosiloxane has flammability, which inevitably brings potential safety hazard to places with strict fire safety requirements (such as airports); in addition, the residual organosiloxane may cause some pollution to the groundwater environment.
The prior related technologies specifically include invention patents with patent application numbers CN201510882451.7, CN201610229907.4, CN201811340005.3, cn201811553640.x and CN201910219722.9, all of which adopt hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, but all of which mainly rely on the use of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane to realize waterproofing, but are only used as an auxiliary waterproofing material and used together with other components, so that the problem of environmental pollution still exists.
In conclusion, with the increasing requirements of safe and efficient operation in winter of domestic transportation, a great amount of pavement deicing and anti-icing liquid has to be used in winter in the north, and how to effectively improve the winter maintenance capability of concrete pavements is a problem which is inevitably encountered when safe transportation is concerned at present and in a future period of time. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring that the concrete protective agent has no influence on the surface friction coefficient of a road surface after being used, the development of the environment-friendly concrete protective agent with excellent waterproof and anti-permeability performance has necessity and urgency for safe and efficient operation of transportation.
Disclosure of Invention
The method for improving the seepage-proofing and freeze-thawing-resisting performance of the pavement concrete is provided by the application, aiming at the problems that the existing pavement concrete protective agent cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of no influence on the friction coefficient of the pavement concrete of the airport after the material is used, environmental protection of products and fire safety hidden danger in the using process of the existing pavement concrete protective agent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing hydrolysate of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane;
step two: spraying protection treatment is carried out on the prepared alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on dry concrete;
step three: and carrying out post-treatment on the sprayed concrete.
Further, the step of preparing the hydrolysis liquid of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane in the step one comprises the following steps: adding 30-95 parts of deionized water into 5-70 parts of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane to prepare a mixed solution of 5-70% by mass of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane/water, controlling the hydrolysis temperature to be 5-70 ℃, regulating and controlling the hydrolysis time according to the type of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane and the pH value of a hydrolysate, controlling the hydrolysis time to be within 60min as much as possible, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to be 1-6.5 by using an acidic regulator, and then stirring the mixed solution to be in a uniform and stable transparent state. Alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane are in the hydrolysis process, and the self-polycondensation of hydrolysis and silicon hydroxyl is coexistent simultaneously, and the polycondensation is unfavorable for the stable existence of hydrolysate, and the hydrolysis condition is regulated and controlled through the means to this application for alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolyze fast, delays its hydrolysate polycondensation simultaneously, obtains stable hydrolytic solution, and when handling the concrete like this, its solution penetration depth is bigger, makes the water-proof effects of concrete more excellent.
Preferably, the step of preparing the hydrolysis liquid of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane in the step one comprises the following steps: adding 40-90 parts of deionized water into 10-60 parts of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane to prepare a mixed solution of 10-60% of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane/water by mass percent, controlling the hydrolysis temperature to be 10-60 ℃, controlling the hydrolysis time to be 15min, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be 1-6.5 by using an acidic regulator, and then stirring the mixed solution to be in a uniform, stable and transparent state.
Further, the spraying protection treatment in the step two specifically comprises: performing concrete coating treatment before the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is turbid, wherein the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is transparent homogeneous liquid; in the roomWhen the temperature is not lower than 2 ℃, preferably, when the room temperature is not lower than 10 ℃, spraying the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on the surface of the dry concrete, wherein the spraying dosage is 150-400 g/m2The spraying frequency is 1-3 times, and the spraying needs to be carried out before the surface of the previous spraying is not dried during the secondary spraying, and the surface of the concrete needs to be uniformly sprayed.
Further, the third step is specifically: after the surface of the dried concrete is coated with alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate, the concrete is naturally dried for 24 to 72 hours, or the concrete is completely and quickly dried by a hot air blower. The surface of the treated concrete has excellent hydrophobic property, and outside water is not easy to seep into the concrete, so that the concrete has good seepage-proofing and freeze-thaw resistance.
Further, the alkyl trimethoxy silane in the first step is one or more of methyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl trimethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane, pentyl trimethoxy silane, hexyl trimethoxy silane, heptyl trimethoxy silane and octyl trimethoxy silane; among them, one or more of methyltrimethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, butyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane and octyltrimethoxysilane are preferable.
Further, the alkyl triethoxysilane in the first step is one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, isobutyl triethoxysilane and octyl trimethoxysilane; preferably one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, and isobutyl triethoxysilane.
Further, the acidity regulator in the step one is one or more of inorganic acid and organic acid; wherein, one or more of dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid and acetic acid are preferred.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the core technology of the patent in the background art does not mainly rely on hexadecyl trimethoxy silane for the purpose of waterproofing, and is only used as an auxiliary waterproofing material; and hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is directly used without hydrolyzing the substance for reuse. According to the application, the hydrolysis conditions are controlled to hydrolyze the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane to obtain the alkyl siloxane hydrolysate, and then the concrete is subjected to waterproof treatment, and meanwhile, the alkyl trimethoxy silane used in the application does not comprise hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, and the hexadecyl trimethoxy silane is difficult to be hydrolyzed completely, so that uniform and stable hydrolysate cannot be formed in water, the material cannot be uniformly sprayed on the surface of the concrete, and the good waterproof effect is difficult to realize. And this application can be directly through the hydrolysis mode for alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxysilane are favorable to the direction development of hydrolysising as far as possible, restrain the polycondensation of hydrolysis product silicon hydroxyl, thereby form homogeneous stable alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxysilane hydrolysis solution, and direct spraying has built the concrete pavement, and the material belongs to waterborne protective agent, green, and is with low costs.
2. The preparation of stable alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate in the prior art is always difficult, and the application can prepare the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate with good stability, and then directly utilizes the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate to carry out concrete spray coating. The concrete pavement treated by the method has excellent hydrophobic property, so that external water cannot seep into the concrete, therefore, in severe cold rain and snow winter, the concrete cannot be subjected to freeze-thaw damage due to the fact that a large amount of free water is contained in the concrete, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability in a freeze-thaw environment.
3. The method does not change the friction coefficient of the concrete pavement, ensures the normal operation of transportation, and simultaneously, the used protective agent is water-based alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate, thereby having good incombustibility, environmental protection, low production cost, simple preparation process and convenient construction.
4. Compared with the traditional pure product directly coated with the organic siloxane, the method ensures the waterproof and anti-permeability effects, reduces the dosage of the organic siloxane, reduces the cost and reduces the residues of the organic siloxane after use.
5. The method adopts environment-friendly water-based organic siloxane hydrolysate, has the characteristic of flame retardancy in the use process, and meets the fire safety requirements of airports.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of water absorption performance of the experimental group and the blank group in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a lotus leaf effect comparison between the experimental group and the blank group in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the freeze-thaw stability resistance of the experimental group and the blank group in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only, and it is to be understood that the following examples are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of a concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing hydrolysate of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane;
step two: spraying protection treatment is carried out on the prepared alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on the surface of the dried concrete;
step three: and carrying out post-treatment on the sprayed concrete.
The application can prepare the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate with good stability, and then directly utilizes the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate to spray and cover the surface of the concrete. The concrete pavement treated by the method has excellent hydrophobic property, so that external water cannot seep into the concrete, therefore, in severe cold rain and snow winter, the concrete cannot be subjected to freeze-thaw damage due to the fact that a large amount of free water is contained in the concrete, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability in a freeze-thaw environment.
Example 2
A method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of a concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing hydrolysate of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane; the hydrolysis liquid for preparing the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane comprises the following steps: adding 30-95 parts of deionized water into 5-70 parts of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane to prepare a mixed solution of 5-70% by mass of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane/water, controlling the hydrolysis temperature to be 5-70 ℃, regulating and controlling the hydrolysis time according to the type of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane and the pH value of a hydrolysate, controlling the hydrolysis time to be within 60min as much as possible, regulating the pH value of the mixed solution to be 1-6.5 by using an acidic regulator, and then stirring the mixed solution to be in a uniform and stable transparent state. Alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane are in the hydrolysis process, and the self-polycondensation of hydrolysis and silicon hydroxyl is coexistent simultaneously, and the polycondensation is unfavorable for the stable existence of hydrolysate, and the hydrolysis condition is regulated and controlled through the means to this application for alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolyze fast, delays its hydrolysate polycondensation simultaneously, obtains stable hydrolytic solution, and when handling the concrete like this, its solution penetration depth is bigger, makes the water-proof effects of concrete more excellent.
The alkyl trimethoxy silane is one or more of methyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl trimethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane, pentyl trimethoxy silane, hexyl trimethoxy silane, heptyl trimethoxy silane and octyl trimethoxy silane; among them, one or more of methyltrimethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, butyltrimethoxysilane, isobutyltrimethoxysilane and octyltrimethoxysilane are preferable.
The alkyl triethoxysilane is one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, isobutyl triethoxysilane, and octyl trimethoxysilane. Preferably one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, and isobutyl triethoxysilane.
Step two: spraying protection treatment is carried out on the prepared alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on dry concrete; the spraying protection treatment specifically comprises the following steps: performing concrete coating treatment before the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is turbid, wherein the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is transparent homogeneous liquid; spraying the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on the surface of the dry concrete at the room temperature of not less than 2 ℃, preferably not less than 10 ℃, wherein the spraying amount is 150-400 g/m2The spraying frequency is 1-3 times, and the spraying is carried out before the surface of the previous spraying is not dried during the secondary spraying. The concrete surface needs to be sprayed uniformly.
Step three: and carrying out post-treatment on the sprayed concrete. After the surface of the dried concrete is coated with the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate, the concrete is naturally dried for 24-72 hours or is completely dried by an air heater in an accelerating way, at the moment, the surface of the treated concrete has excellent hydrophobic property, and outside water is not easy to permeate into the concrete, so that the concrete has good anti-seepage and anti-freeze-thaw performance.
Example 3
Slowly adding 50 parts of deionized water into 50 parts of propyl trimethoxy silane, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 4 by using a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring the mixed solution under the action of a stirrer until the mixed solution is hydrolyzedThe liquid is uniform colorless transparent liquid. Mixing the hydrolysate at a ratio of 300g/m2The dosage of the water-soluble organic silicon compound is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, the treated concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
And (3) measuring the water absorption performance of the concrete: weighing the blank sample and the treated concrete one by one, soaking the blank sample and the treated concrete in water, taking out the blank sample and the treated concrete at intervals, wiping the excess water on the surface of the concrete, weighing, and recording the change condition of the water absorption quality of the concrete.
And (3) concrete lotus leaf effect determination: and (4) taking a blank sample and the treated concrete, dripping a drop of water on the surfaces of the blank sample and the treated concrete by using a dropper, and observing the wetting condition of the drop of water on the surface of the concrete.
And (3) determining the freeze-thaw resistance stability of the concrete: and (4) taking a blank sample and the treated concrete sample, respectively soaking the blank sample and the treated concrete sample in water, and placing the blank sample and the treated concrete sample in a freeze-thaw test box for freeze-thaw cycle test. The freeze-thaw cycle conditions are freezing at-35 ℃ for 4 hours, standing at 20 ℃ for 2 hours, and the cycle time is 6 hours. The number of freeze-thaw resistance cycles was recorded for both.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of water absorption performance between a blank and an experimental group, wherein the untreated concrete is a blank sample, and the untreated concrete is an experimental sample after being treated with alkyl trimethoxy silane hydrolysate. As can be seen from the figure, the experimental sample has extremely low water absorption performance, and the water absorption rate is only 0.4% after absorbing water for two hours; the water absorption of the blank sample after one minute is up to 9.28%. This indicates that the test sample has excellent water resistance and external water is difficult to permeate into the concrete.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of lotus leaf effect between blank and experimental groups, wherein the untreated concrete is a blank sample, and the treated concrete is an experimental sample. As can be seen from the figure, when the water drops are dropped on the surface of the concrete, the surface of the blank sample is wetted by the water drops, and no lotus effect exists; the experimental sample shows obvious lotus leaf effect, and the water drop presents a complete water bead on the surface.
Table 1 shows the comparison of freeze-thaw stability resistance between the blank and the experimental groups, where the untreated concrete is the blank and the treated with the alkyl trimethoxy silane hydrolysate is the experimental sample. As can be seen from the table, the blank samples can withstand only 5 freeze-thaw cycles, whereas the experimental groups can withstand 60 freeze-thaw cycles. This shows that the freeze-thaw resistance stability of the concrete treated by the alkyl trimethoxy silane hydrolysate is greatly improved.
Example 4
Slowly adding 60 parts of deionized water into 40 parts of propyl trimethoxy silicon, simultaneously adjusting the pH value of a mixed solution of a hydrochloric acid dilute solution to 4, and stirring the mixed solution under the action of a stirrer until a hydrolysate is uniform colorless transparent liquid. Mixing the hydrolysate at a ratio of 300g/m2The dosage of the water-soluble organic silicon compound is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, the treated concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
Example 5
Slowly adding 50 parts of deionized water into 40 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 6 by using a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring the mixed solution under the action of a stirrer until the hydrolysate is uniform colorless transparent liquid. Mixing the hydrolysate at a ratio of 300g/m2The dosage of the water-soluble organic silicon compound is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, the treated concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
Example 6
Slowly adding 70 parts of deionized water into 30 parts of isobutyl trimethoxy silane, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 3 by using a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring the mixed solution under the action of a stirrer until the hydrolysate is uniform colorless transparent liquid. The hydrolysate is mixed according to the ratio of 250g/m2The dosage of the water-soluble organic silicon compound is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, the treated concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
Example 7
Slowly adding 50 parts of deionized water into 50 parts of isobutyl trimethoxy silane, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 3 by using a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring the mixed solution under the action of a stirrer until the hydrolysate is uniform colorless transparent liquid. Mixing the hydrolysate at a ratio of 300g/m2The dosage of the water-soluble organic silicon compound is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, the treated concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the treated concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
Example 8
To 20 parts of methyltriethoxysilane, 80 parts of deionized water was slowly added while adjusting the pH of the mixture to 1 with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution and maintaining the temperature of the mixture at 50 ℃. At this time, the mixed liquid is stirred under the action of the stirrer until the hydrolysate is a uniform colorless transparent liquid. The hydrolysate is mixed according to the ratio of 250g/m2The dosage of the water-based paint is sprayed on the surface of dry concrete, and then the water-based paint is continuously sprayed according to 200g/m when the water-based paint is not dried in the first spraying2The amount of the second spray coating is used for the second spray coating; the processed concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the processed concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
Example 9
To 30 parts of methyltriethoxysilane, 70 parts of deionized water was slowly added while adjusting the pH of the mixture to 1 with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, and the temperature of the mixture was maintained at 60 ℃. At this time, the mixed liquid is stirred under the action of the stirrer until the hydrolysate is a uniform colorless transparent liquid. Mixing the hydrolysate at a ratio of 300g/m2The amount of the compound is sprayed on the surface of the dried concrete. The processed concrete is naturally dried for 24 hours, and the processed concrete has good freeze-thaw resistance stability.
The alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate can be alkyl trimethoxy silane single hydrolysate or alkyl triethoxy silane single hydrolysate, and can also be hydrolysate mixed with alkyl trimethoxy silane single hydrolysate and alkyl triethoxy silane single hydrolysate.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using a water-based waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing hydrolysate of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane;
step two: spraying protection treatment is carried out on the prepared alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on the surface of the dried concrete;
step three: and carrying out post-treatment on the sprayed concrete.
2. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the hydrolysis solution of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane in the step one comprises the following steps: adding 30-95 parts of deionized water into 5-70 parts of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane to prepare a mixed solution of 5-70% by mass of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane/water, controlling the hydrolysis temperature to be 5-70 ℃, controlling the hydrolysis time to be within 60min, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be 1-6.5 by using an acidic regulator, and then stirring the mixed solution to be in a uniform, stable and transparent state.
3. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of preparing the hydrolysis solution of the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane in the step one comprises the following steps: adding 40-90 parts of deionized water into 10-60 parts of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane to prepare a mixed solution of 10-60% by mass of alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane/water, controlling the hydrolysis temperature to be 10-60 ℃, controlling the hydrolysis time to be within 15min, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be 1-6.5 by using an acidic regulator, and then stirring the mixed solution to be in a uniform, stable and transparent state.
4. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying protection treatment in the second step is specifically as follows: performing concrete coating treatment before the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is turbid, wherein the alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate is transparent homogeneous liquid; and when the room temperature is not lower than 2 ℃, spraying the alkyl trimethoxy silane or the alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate on the surface of the dried concrete, wherein the spraying amount is 150-400 g/m2, the spraying frequency is 1-3 times, and the secondary spraying needs to be carried out before the surface of the previous spraying is not dried, and the surface of the concrete needs to be uniformly sprayed.
5. The method for improving the seepage prevention and the freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third step is specifically as follows: after the surface of the dried concrete is coated with alkyl trimethoxy silane or alkyl triethoxy silane hydrolysate, the concrete is naturally dried for 24 to 72 hours, or the concrete is completely and quickly dried by a hot air blower.
6. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkyl trimethoxy silane in the first step is one or more of methyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl trimethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane, pentyl trimethoxy silane, hexyl trimethoxy silane, heptyl trimethoxy silane and octyl trimethoxy silane.
7. The method for improving the seepage prevention and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent according to claim 6, wherein the alkyl trimethoxy silane in the first step is one or more of methyl trimethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane and octyl trimethoxy silane.
8. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkyl triethoxysilane is one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, ethyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, isobutyl triethoxysilane and octyl trimethoxysilane.
9. The method for improving the seepage control and freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 8, wherein the alkyl triethoxysilane is one or more of methyl triethoxysilane, propyl triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane and isobutyl triethoxysilane.
10. The method for improving the seepage prevention and the freeze thawing resistance of the concrete surface by using the water-based waterproofing agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the acidity regulator in the first step is one or more of inorganic acid and organic acid; wherein, one or more of dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid and acetic acid are preferred.
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