CN110936855B - Dual-energy-source system and fuel cell assembly power-on control method - Google Patents

Dual-energy-source system and fuel cell assembly power-on control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110936855B
CN110936855B CN201911181573.8A CN201911181573A CN110936855B CN 110936855 B CN110936855 B CN 110936855B CN 201911181573 A CN201911181573 A CN 201911181573A CN 110936855 B CN110936855 B CN 110936855B
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fuel cell
output voltage
component
switch
boosting
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CN110936855A (en
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宋江柱
姜涛
李威
刘健
冯冶冰
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FAW Group Corp
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FAW Group Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a double-energy-source system and a power-on control method of a fuel cell assembly, wherein the system comprises: a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, the fuel cell assembly comprising: a fuel cell stack and a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly; the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is electrically connected with the fuel cell stack and the power cell component respectively; the fuel cell stack is used for outputting a first output voltage to the input end of the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component; the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is used for outputting second output voltage to the power battery component, and controlling the fuel battery component to finish electrifying according to the numerical comparison result of the first output voltage and the second output voltage after the received first output voltage reaches the preset no-load voltage. The embodiment of the invention can realize effective control of the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack in the electrifying process of the fuel cell assembly, and avoid the occurrence of over-discharge damage of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Dual-energy-source system and fuel cell assembly power-on control method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a dual-energy-source system and a power-on control method of a fuel cell assembly.
Background
The fuel cell has the advantages of high energy density, zero pollution emission, high efficiency, low noise and the like, and becomes one of important energy sources of the electric automobile.
In order to stabilize the output voltage of the fuel cell system within a certain range and further improve the operating efficiency of high-voltage components such as an electric drive system, an air conditioner, a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) heating assembly and the like in the fuel cell system, a boost DC-to-DC converter (boost DC/DC) is added behind the stack, the output voltage of the stack is increased, and the output power can be adjusted according to the requirement of a whole vehicle controller.
However, the prior art schemes mostly focus on how to match the output power of the fuel cell system with other energy sources to achieve optimal control, and do not focus on the process of matching the output voltage of the stack with the voltages of other energy systems when the fuel cell system is powered on. The boost DC/DC is divided into non-isolation boost DC/DC and isolation boost DC/DC, and for a fuel cell system adopting the non-isolation boost DC/DC, if the output voltage of the galvanic pile is higher in the starting process of the fuel cell and the voltage of other energy sources in the vehicle is too low, the non-isolation boost DC/DC can be directly conducted, so that the rising rate of the output current of the galvanic pile can not be controlled, and the galvanic pile is damaged by over-discharge. In this regard, although this problem can be avoided by employing an isolated boost DC/DC, the various increases in control complexity, cost, weight, volume, etc., that result from the isolated boost DC/DC are unacceptable for fuel cell systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a dual-energy-source system and a fuel cell assembly power-on control method, which are used for effectively controlling the output voltage and current of a fuel cell stack in the power-on process of a fuel cell system and avoiding the over-discharge damage of the fuel cell stack.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dual energy source system, where the system includes: a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, the fuel cell assembly comprising: a fuel cell stack and a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly;
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is electrically connected with the fuel cell stack and the power cell component respectively;
the fuel cell stack is used for outputting a first output voltage to the input end of the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component;
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is used for outputting second output voltage to the power battery component, and controlling the fuel battery component to finish electrifying according to the numerical comparison result of the first output voltage and the second output voltage after the received first output voltage reaches the preset no-load voltage.
Further, the fuel cell assembly further includes: a fuel cell controller and fuel cell accessories;
the fuel cell controller is respectively connected with the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component, the fuel cell accessory and the power cell component in a network communication manner;
the fuel cell controller is used for acquiring respective working condition information of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory, acquiring power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component, and starting a power-on process of the fuel cell component when the working conditions of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory are determined to be normal and the difference value between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold value, so that the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack reaches a preset no-load voltage.
Further, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly includes: a DC/DC controller;
and the DC/DC controller is used for comparing the first output voltage with the second output voltage after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, and controlling the fuel cell assembly to finish electrifying according to a corresponding numerical comparison result.
Further, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly further includes: the circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, an adjustable load and at least one enabling switch;
the DC/DC controller is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch, the adjustable load and the enabling switch;
accordingly, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
and when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, controlling the second switch to be closed, and controlling each enabling switch to perform boost conversion so as to linearly increase a first input current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component, and completing the power-on of the fuel cell component.
Further, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, controlling the first switch to be closed, and adjusting the adjustable load to linearly reduce the first output voltage until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage.
Further, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, the second switch is controlled to be closed, the enabling switches are controlled to perform boost conversion, the adjustable load is adjusted, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component is linearly increased, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load is linearly reduced, and the floating range of the first input current is not more than a preset current threshold value.
Further, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
and when the load current is linearly reduced to 0, controlling the first switch to be switched off so as to finish the power-on of the fuel cell assembly.
Further, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly further includes: at least one inductor, at least one diode and an output filter capacitor;
each inductor, each diode and each enable switch form a DC/DC boosting main loop;
the DC/DC boost main loop, the first switch, the second switch, the adjustable load and the output filter capacitor form a non-isolated multi-item parallel boost DC/DC circuit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power-on control method for a fuel cell assembly, which is applied to the dual energy source system according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes: the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component receives a first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack and outputs a second output voltage to the power cell component;
after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component compares the first output voltage with a second output voltage and obtains a corresponding numerical comparison result;
when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls a second switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component to be closed, and controls each enabling switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component to perform boosting transformation, so that the first input current corresponding to the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component is linearly increased, and the fuel cell component is powered on;
when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls the first switch to be closed and adjusts an adjustable load in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component so that the first output voltage is linearly reduced until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage;
when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls the second switch to be closed, controls the enabling switches to carry out boosting conversion, and adjusts the adjustable load, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component is linearly increased, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load is linearly reduced, and the floating range of the first input current is not more than a preset current threshold;
and when the load current is linearly reduced to 0, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component controls the first switch to be switched off so as to complete the power-on of the fuel cell component.
Further, the first output voltage may reach the preset no-load voltage by:
the fuel cell controller acquires the respective working condition information of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory, and acquires the power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component;
and when the fuel cell controller determines that the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory work normally and the difference value between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold, starting the power-on process of the fuel cell component to enable the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack to reach a preset no-load voltage.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a dual energy source system comprising a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, effective control of the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack during the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly can be realized, thereby realizing good matching between the output voltage of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of other energy systems when the fuel cell component is electrified, avoiding the problem that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is higher in the starting process of the fuel cell component, when the voltage of other energy sources in the vehicle is too low, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is directly conducted, so that the rising rate of the output current of the fuel cell stack cannot be controlled, and further, the fuel cell stack is over-discharged and damaged, and compared with the method adopting the isolation boosting DC/DC, the method does not bring about the increase of control complexity, cost, weight, volume and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual energy source system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a dual energy source system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual energy source system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a non-isolated multi-phase parallel boost DC/DC circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a power-on control method for a fuel cell assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling power on of a fuel cell assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a timing diagram illustrating a power-on control method for a fuel cell assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a timing diagram illustrating a power-up control method for a fuel cell assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. In addition, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual energy source system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the dual energy source system according to the embodiment is applicable to an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle including electric power.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual energy source system provided in this embodiment specifically includes: a fuel cell assembly 101 and a power cell assembly 102, the fuel cell assembly 101 comprising: a fuel cell stack 103 and a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104;
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC assembly 104 is electrically connected with the fuel cell stack 103 and the power cell assembly 102 respectively;
a fuel cell stack 103 for outputting a first output voltage to an input of a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104;
and the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component 104 is used for outputting a second output voltage to the power battery component 102, and controlling the fuel battery component 101 to finish electrifying according to the numerical comparison result of the first output voltage and the second output voltage after the received first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage.
Wherein the fuel cell assembly 101 is an assembly formed by all components of the dual energy source system that generate the fuel cell energy source. The power cell assembly 102 is an assembly of all the components of the dual energy source system that generate the power cell energy source. The fuel cell stack 103 is a component of the fuel cell assembly 101 that generates electricity by a chemical reaction. The non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104 is a component of the fuel cell assembly 101 that boosts the voltage output by the fuel cell stack 103 and powers the power cell assembly 102. The first output voltage is a voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 103 and output to the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104. The second output voltage is a voltage generated by the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104 and output to the power cell assembly 102. The preset no-load voltage is a stable no-load output voltage generated by the fuel cell stack 103, and can be understood as a stable value of the first output voltage.
Alternatively, the fuel cell stack 103 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.
Optionally, the fuel cell assembly 101 further comprises: a fuel cell controller and fuel cell accessories;
the fuel cell controller establishes network communication connections with the fuel cell accessories, the fuel cell stack 103, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104, and the power cell assembly 102, respectively; the fuel cell controller is configured to obtain respective operating condition information of the fuel cell accessory, the fuel cell stack 103, and the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104, obtain a power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component 102, and start a power-up process of the fuel cell component 101 when it is determined that the operating conditions of the fuel cell accessory, the fuel cell stack 103, and the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 are normal, and a difference between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold, so that the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack 103 reaches a preset no-load voltage.
The preset voltage threshold is a threshold value of a difference value between the second output voltage and the power battery voltage, and specifically can be calibrated according to measured data.
The fuel cell accessory may be understood as the other components of the fuel cell assembly 101 other than the fuel cell stack 103 and the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104.
Optionally, the fuel cell accessory comprises: the hydrogen storage tank is connected with the air compressor; the air compressor mainly provides compressed air for the fuel cell stack 103, the hydrogen circulating pump pumps hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell stack 103, and the fuel cell stack 103 performs a chemical reaction by using oxygen in the compressed air and the hydrogen provided by the hydrogen circulating pump to generate electricity and generate water.
Optionally, the fuel cell controller receives a start-up command, a shut-down command and other commands of the fuel cell assembly 101 sent by the vehicle controller, then controls each component in the fuel cell assembly 101 to execute related tasks through the CAN network, and feeds back state information, stack parameters, boost DC/DC parameters and other information of the fuel cell assembly 101 to the vehicle controller.
Optionally, the power battery assembly comprises a lithium ion power battery, an electric drive system, a DC/DC, an electric air conditioner, a PTC and a vehicle control unit. The main functions of the lithium ion power battery are to provide the required instantaneous large current for the electric drive system when the vehicle is accelerating suddenly and to recover the generated current of the electric drive system when the vehicle is braking.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a dual energy source system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 includes: a DC/DC controller; and the DC/DC controller is used for comparing the first output voltage with the second output voltage after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, and controlling the fuel cell assembly to finish electrifying according to a corresponding numerical comparison result.
It can be understood that, during the starting process of the fuel cell assembly 101, if the first output voltage of the fuel cell stack 103 is high and the power cell voltage of the power cell assembly 102 is too low, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104 will be directly turned on, so that the rising rate of the output current of the fuel cell stack 103 cannot be controlled, and the fuel cell stack 103 is damaged by over-discharge. Thus, the first output voltage and the second output voltage may be compared by the DC/DC controller in the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage; specifically, when the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage, it is considered that there is no risk of causing the fuel cell stack 103 to be over-discharged and damaged, and the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly 101 may be completed according to the normal operation steps; when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, it is considered that there is a risk of causing the fuel cell stack 103 to be over-discharged and damaged, and at this time, it should be tried to reduce the value of the first output voltage to be lower than the second output voltage, and then the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly 101 is completed.
Optionally, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component further comprises: the circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, an adjustable load and at least one enabling switch; the DC/DC controller is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch, the adjustable load and the enabling switch;
accordingly, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to: when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, controlling the second switch to be closed, and controlling each enable switch to perform boost conversion, so that the first input current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component is linearly increased, and the fuel cell component 101 is powered on;
the DC/DC controller is further configured to: when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, controlling the first switch to be closed and adjusting an adjustable load in the non-isolated boost DC/DC component to linearly reduce the first output voltage until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage; when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, controlling the second switch to be closed, controlling each enable switch to perform boost conversion, and adjusting the adjustable load to linearly increase the first output current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component, linearly reduce the load current corresponding to the adjustable load, and enable the floating range of the first input current not to exceed a preset current threshold; when the load current linearly decreases to 0, the first switch is controlled to be turned off, so that the fuel cell assembly 101 is powered up.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a dual energy source system comprising a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, effective control of the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack during the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly can be realized, thereby realizing good matching between the output voltage of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of other energy systems when the fuel cell component is electrified, avoiding the problem that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is higher in the starting process of the fuel cell component, when the voltage of other energy sources in the vehicle is too low, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is directly conducted, so that the rising rate of the output current of the fuel cell stack cannot be controlled, and further, the fuel cell stack is over-discharged and damaged, and compared with the method adopting the isolation boosting DC/DC, the method does not bring about the increase of control complexity, cost, weight, volume and the like.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual energy source system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is further optimized based on the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 is embodied as: a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104, comprising: a DC/DC controller 201; and the DC/DC controller 201 is configured to compare the first output voltage with the second output voltage after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, and control the fuel cell assembly 101 to complete power-on according to a corresponding numerical comparison result.
The present embodiment further embodies the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 as follows: non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104, further comprising: a first switch 202, a second switch 203, an adjustable load 204, and at least one enable switch 205; the DC/DC controller 201 is connected to a first switch 202, a second switch 203, an adjustable load 204 and an enable switch 205, respectively.
Accordingly, the DC/DC controller 201 is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, the second switch 203 is controlled to be closed, and the enable switch 205 is controlled to perform boost conversion, so that the first input current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 is linearly increased, and the fuel cell component 101 is powered up.
The DC/DC controller 201 is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, the first switch 202 is controlled to be closed, and the adjustable load 204 is adjusted, so that the first output voltage is linearly decreased until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage.
The DC/DC controller 201 is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage linearly decreases to be lower than the second output voltage, the second switch 203 is controlled to be closed, the enable switch 205 is controlled to perform boost conversion, and the adjustable load 204 is adjusted, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 linearly increases, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load 204 linearly decreases, and the floating range of the first input current does not exceed a preset current threshold.
The preset current threshold is a threshold value of the first input current floating range, and specifically can be calibrated according to measured data.
The DC/DC controller 201 is specifically configured to:
when the load current linearly decreases to 0, the first switch 202 is controlled to be turned off, so that the fuel cell assembly is powered up.
Optionally, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 further includes: at least one inductor, at least one diode and an output filter capacitor;
each inductor, diode and enable switch 205 form a DC/DC boost main loop;
the DC/DC boost main loop, the first switch 202, the second switch 203, the adjustable load 204 and the output filter capacitor form a non-isolated multi-item parallel boost DC/DC circuit.
Alternatively, the first switch 202 and the second switch 203 may be high power dc relays and the adjustable load 204 may be an adjustable PTC heating resistor.
For example, a circuit schematic diagram corresponding to the non-isolated multi-term parallel boost DC/DC circuit is shown in fig. 4. Wherein U isiThe input voltage to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104 is also the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 103, UoThe output voltage of the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly 104 is also the bus voltage of the power cell assembly (i.e., the power cell voltage). I isiIs not divided intoThe input current from the boost DC/DC assembly 104 is also the output current of the fuel cell stack 103, IoCurrent is output for the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104. The switch S1 and the adjustable load R form a pile output current pull-up circuit, the switch S2 is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the output end of the fuel cell pile 103 and the input end of the non-isolated boost DC/DC component 104, the multiphase parallel inductor L, the diode D and the MOSFET Q form a DC/DC boost main loop, and C is an output filter capacitor of the non-isolated multiple parallel boost DC/DC circuit.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a dual energy source system comprising a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, effective control of the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack during the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly can be realized, thereby realizing good matching between the output voltage of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of other energy systems when the fuel cell component is electrified, avoiding the problem that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is higher in the starting process of the fuel cell component, when the voltage of other energy sources in the vehicle is too low, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is directly conducted, so that the rising rate of the output current of the fuel cell stack cannot be controlled, and further, the fuel cell stack is over-discharged and damaged, and compared with the method adopting the isolation boosting DC/DC, the method does not bring about the increase of control complexity, cost, weight, volume and the like.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a power-on control method for a fuel cell assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to effectively control output voltage and current of a fuel cell stack during a power-on process of the fuel cell assembly, so as to avoid an over-discharge damage of the fuel cell stack.
As shown in fig. 5, the power-on control method for a fuel cell assembly provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
and S301, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC assembly receives a first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack and outputs a second output voltage to the power cell assembly.
S302, after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component compares the first output voltage with the second output voltage, and obtains a corresponding numerical comparison result.
S303, judging whether the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage; if yes, go to step S304; otherwise, S305 is executed.
And S304, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC assembly controls a second switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC assembly to be closed, and controls each enabling switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC assembly to perform boosting transformation, so that the first input current corresponding to the non-isolation boosting DC/DC assembly is linearly increased, and the fuel cell assembly is powered on.
S305, the non-isolation boost DC/DC component controls the first switch to be closed and adjusts an adjustable load in the non-isolation boost DC/DC component so that the first output voltage is linearly reduced until the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage.
And S306, when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component controls the second switch to be closed, controls the enable switches to perform boost conversion, and adjusts the adjustable load, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component is linearly increased, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load is linearly reduced, and the floating range of the first input current is not more than a preset current threshold.
And S307, when the load current is linearly reduced to 0, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component controls the first switch to be switched off so as to complete the power-on of the fuel cell component.
Optionally, the first output voltage may reach the preset no-load voltage by:
the fuel cell controller acquires the respective working condition information of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory, and acquires the power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component;
and when the fuel cell controller determines that the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory work normally and the difference value between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold, starting the power-on process of the fuel cell component to enable the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack to reach a preset no-load voltage.
For example, fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling power on of a fuel cell assembly according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 6, after the fuel cell controller receives the power-on request of the fuel cell assembly sent by the vehicle controller, if the fuel cell controller determines that the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell accessories are fault-free and the voltage U at the output end of the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly is not higher than the voltage U at the output end of the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell accessoriesoWhen the voltage difference with the power battery system does not exceed 5V (namely the example value of the preset voltage threshold), enabling the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell accessories to enable the fuel cell stack to establish stable no-load output voltage; otherwise (namely, any condition is not met), the fuel cell controller controls the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessories to be powered off, and feeds back the power-on failure of the fuel cell component of the vehicle control unit.
Referring to fig. 4, after the fuel cell stack establishes a stable no-load output voltage, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component determines the input voltage UiWhether or not it is less than the output voltage UoIf U is presentiLess than UoIf the input current I is not the input current I, the non-isolated boost DC/DC component controls the switch S2 to be closed, and controls the enabling switch Q to carry out boost conversioniAnd gradually increases so that the power-up of the fuel cell assembly is completed, and the power-up timing is schematically shown in fig. 7.
If U isiGreater than or equal to UoThen the non-isolated boost DC/DC component controls the switch S1 to close and gradually increases the adjustable load R to make the input current IiGradually increase in UiGradually decrease until UiLess than UoAt this time, the boost DC/DC group is not isolatedThe element control switch S2 is closed, and the enabling switch Q is controlled to perform voltage boosting conversion, and the I is controlledoGradually increasing, synchronously controlling the adjustable load R to reduce the current I flowing through RRGradually decreases to maintain the input current IiIs within 2A (i.e., an example value of the preset current threshold). Up to IRFalling to 0, the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly control switch S1 is opened and the fuel cell assembly power-up is complete, with the power-up sequence schematically shown in fig. 8.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a dual energy source system comprising a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, effective control of the output voltage and current of the fuel cell stack during the power-up process of the fuel cell assembly can be realized, thereby realizing good matching between the output voltage of the fuel cell stack and the voltage of other energy systems when the fuel cell component is electrified, avoiding the problem that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is higher in the starting process of the fuel cell component, when the voltage of other energy sources in the vehicle is too low, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is directly conducted, so that the rising rate of the output current of the fuel cell stack cannot be controlled, and further, the fuel cell stack is over-discharged and damaged, and compared with the method adopting the isolation boosting DC/DC, the method does not bring about the increase of control complexity, cost, weight, volume and the like.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A dual energy source system, comprising: a fuel cell assembly and a power cell assembly, the fuel cell assembly comprising: a fuel cell stack and a non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly;
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is electrically connected with the fuel cell stack and the power cell component respectively;
the fuel cell stack is used for outputting a first output voltage to the input end of the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component;
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component is used for outputting second output voltage to the power battery component, and controlling the fuel battery component to finish electrifying according to the numerical comparison result of the first output voltage and the second output voltage after the received first output voltage reaches the preset no-load voltage.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell assembly further comprises: a fuel cell controller and fuel cell accessories;
the fuel cell controller is respectively connected with the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component, the fuel cell accessory and the power cell component in a network communication manner;
the fuel cell controller is used for acquiring respective working condition information of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory, acquiring power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component, and starting a power-on process of the fuel cell component when the working conditions of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory are determined to be normal and the difference value between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold value, so that the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack reaches a preset no-load voltage.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly comprises: a DC/DC controller;
and the DC/DC controller is used for comparing the first output voltage with the second output voltage after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, and controlling the fuel cell assembly to finish electrifying according to a corresponding numerical comparison result.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly further comprises: the circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, an adjustable load and at least one enabling switch;
the DC/DC controller is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch, the adjustable load and the enabling switch;
accordingly, the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
and when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, controlling the second switch to be closed, and controlling each enabling switch to perform boost conversion so as to linearly increase a first input current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component, and completing the power-on of the fuel cell component.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, controlling the first switch to be closed, and adjusting the adjustable load to linearly reduce the first output voltage until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, the second switch is controlled to be closed, the enabling switches are controlled to perform boost conversion, the adjustable load is adjusted, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolated boost DC/DC component is linearly increased, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load is linearly reduced, and the floating range of the first input current is not more than a preset current threshold value.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the DC/DC controller is specifically configured to:
and when the load current is linearly reduced to 0, controlling the first switch to be switched off so as to finish the power-on of the fuel cell assembly.
8. The system of any of claims 4-7, wherein the non-isolated boost DC/DC assembly further comprises: at least one inductor, at least one diode and an output filter capacitor;
each inductor, each diode and each enable switch form a DC/DC boosting main loop;
the DC/DC boost main loop, the first switch, the second switch, the adjustable load and the output filter capacitor form a non-isolated multi-item parallel boost DC/DC circuit.
9. A fuel cell module power-on control method, applied to the dual energy source system according to any one of claims 4 to 8, the method comprising:
the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component receives a first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack and outputs a second output voltage to the power cell component;
after the first output voltage reaches a preset no-load voltage, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component compares the first output voltage with a second output voltage and obtains a corresponding numerical comparison result;
when the first output voltage is smaller than the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls a second switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component to be closed, and controls each enabling switch in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component to perform boosting transformation, so that the first input current corresponding to the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component is linearly increased, and the fuel cell component is powered on;
when the first output voltage is greater than or equal to the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls the first switch to be closed and adjusts an adjustable load in the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component so that the first output voltage is linearly reduced until the first output voltage is less than the second output voltage;
when the first output voltage is linearly reduced to be lower than the second output voltage, the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component controls the second switch to be closed, controls the enabling switches to carry out boosting conversion, and adjusts the adjustable load, so that the first output current corresponding to the non-isolation boosting DC/DC component is linearly increased, the load current corresponding to the adjustable load is linearly reduced, and the floating range of the first input current is not more than a preset current threshold;
and when the load current is linearly reduced to 0, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component controls the first switch to be switched off so as to complete the power-on of the fuel cell component.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first output voltage reaches the predetermined no-load voltage by:
the fuel cell controller acquires the respective working condition information of the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory, and acquires the power cell voltage corresponding to the power cell component;
and when the fuel cell controller determines that the fuel cell stack, the non-isolated boosting DC/DC component and the fuel cell accessory work normally and the difference value between the second output voltage and the power cell voltage does not exceed a preset voltage threshold, starting the power-on process of the fuel cell component to enable the first output voltage output by the fuel cell stack to reach a preset no-load voltage.
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