CN110936828A - Wireless charging receiving device, wireless charging control method and electric automobile - Google Patents
Wireless charging receiving device, wireless charging control method and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless charging receiving device, a wireless charging control method and an electric automobile, wherein the wireless charging receiving device comprises: the secondary side resonant network is coupled with the primary side resonant network of the external wireless charging and transmitting device and transmits alternating current electric energy coupled and transmitted by the primary side resonant network; the controllable rectification regulating circuit is connected with the secondary side resonant network and converts the alternating current energy flow output by the secondary side resonant network into direct current; and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is connected with the controlled end of the controllable rectification regulating circuit, detects the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit, and adjusts the working parameters of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected voltage and/or current signals so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device. The invention can meet the requirements of the electric automobile on charging voltage/current/power, and realizes the adjustability of the output voltage/current of the wireless charging receiving device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a wireless charging receiving device, a wireless charging control method and an electric vehicle.
Background
Along with the development of new forms of energy, more and more cars begin to adopt electronic, or oil-electricity mixes, and when charging for electric automobile, can utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction, the wireless mode of charging of sampling charges.
In practical applications, the required charging voltage/current is different for different vehicles or the same vehicle at different times, and the wireless charging system needs to meet different charging voltage/current requirements of the vehicle according to the vehicle BMS command.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a wireless charging receiving device, a wireless charging control method and an electric automobile, and aims to realize that the charging voltage/current of the wireless charging receiving device is adjustable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wireless charge receiving apparatus, including:
the secondary side resonant network is coupled with the primary side resonant network of the external wireless charging and transmitting device and transmits alternating current electric energy coupled and transmitted by the primary side resonant network;
the controllable rectification regulating circuit is connected with the secondary side resonant network and converts the alternating current energy flow output by the secondary side resonant network into direct current;
and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is connected with the controlled end of the controllable rectification regulating circuit, detects the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit, and adjusts the working parameters of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected voltage and/or current signals so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
Optionally, the controllable rectification adjusting circuit includes a first upper bridge arm switch, a second upper bridge arm switch, a first lower bridge arm switch, and a second lower bridge arm switch, where the first upper bridge arm switch and the first lower bridge arm switch are connected in series to form a first bridge arm circuit, and the second upper bridge arm switch and the second lower bridge arm switch are connected in series to form a second bridge arm circuit.
Optionally, the operating parameter includes a duty cycle or a phase shift angle of the controllable rectifying regulator circuit.
Optionally, the wireless charging system further includes a wireless communication circuit, and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is in communication connection with the wireless charging transmitting device through the wireless communication circuit.
Optionally, the secondary resonant network includes a secondary compensation network and a secondary coil, the primary compensation network is connected to the primary coil, and the primary coil is coupled to the secondary coil; and the secondary coil is connected with the secondary compensation network.
The invention also provides a wireless charging control method, which is suitable for the wireless charging receiving device, wherein the wireless charging receiving device comprises a side secondary side resonance network, a controllable rectification regulating circuit and a vehicle-mounted detection control circuit; the wireless charging receiving device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit and generating a corresponding output detection signal;
and adjusting the working parameters of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal and the required value so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
Optionally, the step of adjusting an operating parameter of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal and the required value to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device specifically includes:
and looking up a table or calculating the control quantity of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected output detection signal of the controllable rectification regulating circuit so as to enable the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device to reach the preset output current/voltage.
Optionally, the step of adjusting an operating parameter of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal and the required value to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device specifically includes:
and continuously adjusting the working parameters of the controllable rectifying and adjusting circuit until the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device reaches the preset output current/voltage.
Optionally, the operating parameter includes a duty cycle or a phase shift angle of the controllable rectifying regulator circuit.
The invention also provides an electric automobile which comprises the wireless charging receiving device; this wireless receiving arrangement that charges includes: the secondary side resonant network is coupled with the primary side resonant network of the external wireless charging and transmitting device and transmits alternating current electric energy coupled and transmitted by the primary side resonant network; the controllable rectification regulating circuit is connected with the secondary side resonant network and converts the alternating current energy flow output by the secondary side resonant network into direct current; and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is connected with the controlled end of the controllable rectification regulating circuit, detects the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit, and adjusts the working parameters of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected voltage and/or current signals so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
The wireless charging receiving device is coupled with a primary side resonance network of an external wireless charging transmitting device by arranging a secondary side resonance network, and transmits alternating current energy transmitted by the primary side resonance network in a coupling manner, so that a controllable rectification adjusting circuit converts alternating current energy flow output by the secondary side resonance network into direct current. The invention can meet the requirements of the electric automobile on charging voltage/current/power without increasing the number of devices, and realizes that the output voltage/current of the wireless charging receiving device is adjustable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a wireless charge receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit block diagram of a wireless charging receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram illustrating duty cycle regulation of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the controllable rectification regulation circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the real part coefficient of the equivalent load in the controllable rectification and regulation circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a graph of imaginary coefficients of an equivalent load in the controllable rectification and regulation circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a controllably rectifying regulator circuit;
fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless charging control method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 10 | Secondary side resonant network | Q1 | First upper |
| 20 | Controllable rectification regulating circuit | Q2 | Second upper |
| 30 | Vehicle-mounted detection control circuit | Q3 | First lower |
| 40 | Wireless communication circuit | Q4 | Second lower |
| 11 | Secondary side compensation network | Lp | Primary coil |
| Ls | Secondary coil |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a wireless charging receiving device which is suitable for an electric automobile.
The wireless charging receiving device is arranged on an automobile and is coupled with the wireless charging transmitting device arranged on the part, on the ground surface, of the capital construction side, when charging is carried out, a driver drives the automobile to a specified position, and the wireless charging receiving device is opened to carry out charging. The wireless charging of the electric automobile mainly utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction coupling, when a primary coil and a secondary coil are adjusted to be in a unified resonant frequency, the two resonant networks generate resonance, energy is transmitted to a vehicle-mounted side from a infrastructure side, and power grid energy of the infrastructure side is transmitted to a vehicle-mounted side battery in a non-contact mode, so that the wireless charging is realized. However, in practical applications, the charging voltage/current requirements of different vehicles or the same vehicle at different times are different, and the wireless charging receiving device needs to meet the different charging voltage/current requirements of the vehicles according to the vehicle BMS command.
To solve the above problem, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless charge receiving apparatus includes:
the secondary side resonant network 10 is coupled with a primary side resonant network of an external wireless charging and transmitting device and transmits alternating current electric energy coupled and transmitted by the primary side resonant network;
the controllable rectification regulating circuit 20 is connected with the secondary resonant network 10 and converts the alternating current energy flow output by the secondary resonant network 10 into direct current;
and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 is connected with the controlled end of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20, detects the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20, and adjusts the working parameters of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20 according to the detected voltage and/or current signals so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
In this embodiment, the secondary resonant network 10 includes a secondary coil Ls and a secondary compensation network 11, where the secondary coil Ls and a primary coil of the infrastructure side, that is, the wireless charging transmitting device, form a loosely coupled transformer to implement energy transmission, and the shape type of the secondary coil Ls is not limited, and may be a circular coil, a rectangular coil, a D-shaped coil, or the like. The air gap between the primary coil and the secondary coil Ls is large, the characteristics of large leakage inductance and small excitation inductance are achieved, and the power factor of the whole system is low. Therefore, the secondary resonant network 10 is further provided with a secondary compensation network 11, which may specifically be composed of a compensation capacitor and a compensation inductor, and may be implemented in a single-device compensation manner such as a series compensation capacitor or a parallel compensation capacitor, or in a multi-device combination compensation manner such as an LCL, an LCC, and the like. The loose coupling transformer and the two compensation networks form a resonant network of the wireless charging receiving device, and when the resonant network is in a resonant matching state, the functions (such as output function size, output voltage/current range and the like) and performances (such as efficiency index and the like) of the whole wireless charging receiving device have good working characteristics; otherwise, the opposite is true.
Referring to fig. 3, 5, and 6, the controllable rectification adjustment circuit 20 is a switch-type full-bridge rectification circuit for converting a high-frequency ac current into a dc current and realizing resonant network tuning. The midpoint voltage/current of the full bridge is Ve/Ie respectively, and the equivalent impedance is Re. The vehicle-mounted side is also provided with an output network 100 such as a vehicle-mounted battery, an output filter capacitor Co, an impedance matching resistor, an electric load and the like Rout.
The waveform of Ve, Ie of the conventional uncontrolled rectification is shown in fig. 3(a), where Re is estimated approximately as follows:
when the controllable rectification and regulation circuit 20 of this patent operates as Ve, Ie waveforms are as shown in fig. 3(b), and the duty ratio D is as marked in the figure, then the effective impedance Re can be expressed as:
as can be seen from the above equation, the equivalent impedance Re is not purely resistive, and is decomposed into a real part and an imaginary part as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d is the duty cycle of the controlled rectification regulating circuit 20 for the equivalent load during uncontrolled rectification or synchronous rectification, i.e. at this time, Re is compared with uncontrolled rectification/synchronous rectification, and the purely resistive load of the circuit is equivalent to the introduction coefficient kre. By adjusting different duty cyclesD, the real part of the equivalent impedance can be adjusted, so that the function of adjusting the output characteristic is achieved.
The controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20 can also adjust the output characteristic by controlling the phase shift angle α, the specific adjusting mode is the same as the mode of adjusting the duty ratio, the working principle is the same, and the technical effect is the same, therefore, the real part and the impedance of the equivalent impedance can be adjusted by adjusting different phase shift angles α, so that the output current and the output voltage of the wireless charging receiving device reach the target quantity.
Of course, the controllable full bridge includes, in addition to the operation mode (capacitive mode) that is turned on at the zero crossing point of Ie as shown in fig. 3(b), other operation modes having any phase relationship with the zero crossing point of Ie, such as the inductive operation mode shown in fig. 6(a) or the resistive operation mode shown in fig. 6(b), and these adjustment modes are equivalent.
The vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 includes a sampling circuit and a control circuit, wherein the sampling circuit may adopt separate devices such as a current transformer and a hall sensor, or a detection circuit composed of elements such as a resistor and a capacitor to detect current/voltage, and the control circuit may adopt microprocessors such as a DSP, a single chip microcomputer and an FPGA to implement. The vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 may sample signals such as current and voltage of the controllable rectification regulating circuit 20, and perform related logic control on the controllable rectification regulating circuit 20, for example, may detect a sampling amount of system output voltage Vout/current Iout, a sampling amount of full-bridge midpoint current Ie/voltage Ve of the controllable rectification regulating circuit 20, and a voltage and current phase thereof, and a sampling amount of secondary coil Ls current Is, or a phase angle of secondary impedance Zs.
The control circuits on the infrastructure side and the vehicle side can also realize communication connection through the primary coil and the secondary coil Ls so as to transmit the detection signals and respective working states and realize signal interaction. The vehicle-mounted side detection circuit can acquire the charging condition of the wireless charging receiving device through the output current, the output power, the output voltage and the like of the controllable rectification regulating circuit 20.
The wireless charging receiving device is provided with a secondary side resonance network 10, is coupled with a primary side resonance network of an external wireless charging transmitting device, and transmits alternating current power transmitted by the primary side resonance network in a coupling manner, so that a controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20 converts alternating current power flow output by the secondary side resonance network 10 into direct current, and is further provided with a vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30, which is connected with a controlled end of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20, detects voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20, and adjusts working parameters of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20 according to detected voltage and/or current signals, so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device. The invention can meet the requirements of the electric automobile on charging voltage/current/power, and realizes the adjustability of the output voltage/current of the wireless charging receiving device.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the controllable rectification and regulation circuit 20 includes a first upper leg switch Q1, a second upper leg switch Q2, a first lower leg switch Q3, and a second lower leg switch Q4, the first upper leg switch Q1 is connected in series with the first lower leg switch Q3 to form a first leg circuit, and the second upper leg switch Q2 is connected in series with the second lower leg switch Q4 to form a second leg circuit.
In this embodiment, the first upper arm switch Q1, the second upper arm switch Q2, the first lower arm switch Q3, and the second lower arm switch Q4 constitute two arm circuits, and the two arm circuits have 2 operation modes in total: the synchronous/uncontrolled rectifying mode and the short-circuit mode are shown in fig. 4(a) and 4(b), respectively, taking the positive half cycle of the current Ie as an example. As shown in fig. 4(a), when the first upper arm switch Q1 and the second lower arm switch Q4 are turned on, the Ie current supplies power to the load through the rectifier bridge, which is a synchronous rectification mode; or all the MOS switches are turned off at the moment, and the Ie current supplies power to the load through the MOS tube body diode at the moment, which is in an uncontrolled rectification mode; when the first lower bridge arm switch Q3 and the second lower bridge arm switch Q4 are simultaneously conducted, Re is equivalent to short circuit, Ve is zero at the moment, and the load Rout is provided with energy by the capacitor Co; the negative half cycle mode is similar to the positive half cycle mode and will not be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 4, in the duty ratio adjusting operation mode, the upper and lower tubes of each bridge arm are driven complementarily to prevent straight-through, and the high level conduction time is mainly driven by adjustment. The ratio of the simultaneous on-time of second lower leg switch Q4 and first lower leg switch Q3 to a switching cycle is defined as D, where T is a system switching cycle. Then the second lower leg switch Q4 and the first lower leg switch Q3 would be turned on simultaneously for 2 DT times per switching cycle. The value range of the duty ratio D is 0-0.5. When the duty ratio D is equal to 0, the first upper arm switch Q1 and the second lower arm switch Q4 are turned on in the positive half cycle of the equivalent current Ie; the first lower bridge arm switch Q3 and the second upper bridge arm switch Q2 are conducted in the negative half cycle of the equivalent current Ie, and at the moment, the circuit is synchronous rectification, and the effect is similar to that of uncontrolled rectification. When the duty ratio D is 0.5, the first lower arm switch Q3 and the second lower arm switch Q4 are continuously turned on, which corresponds to a short circuit, and no current is output to the load Rout side.
And under the phase-shifting working mode, the drive of each MOS tube is kept at 0.5, and the drive of the upper tube and the lower tube of each bridge arm are complementary to prevent straight-through. In addition to the short-circuit condition that occurs in the duty cycle mode when second lower arm switch Q4 and first lower arm switch Q3 are simultaneously on, a short-circuit condition occurs when second upper arm switch Q2 and second upper arm switch Q1 are simultaneously on. In the time period, the equivalent load Re is equivalent to a short circuit, the energy received by the secondary side of the loosely coupled transformer cannot be transferred to the load Rout, and the load is powered by a capacitor Co; in other working periods, the diode is conducted, Ve is clamped by the output voltage, the loosely coupled transformer receives energy and transfers the energy to a load, and the output capacitor Co is charged.
It can be understood that the duty ratio D of the adjustment of the operating characteristic during the phase shift control is similar in the present embodiment, the operating principle is the same, and the function is equivalent. Therefore, the adjustment of the real part and the imaginary part of the equivalent load Re can be realized by adjusting the phase shift angle or adjusting the duty ratio, and the adjustment of the output load characteristic is realized.
It is further understood that the controllable rectifying and regulating circuit 20 is illustrated as a full bridge circuit composed of 4 switching tubes, but it is not meant to be the embodiment of the present invention, and includes but is not limited to some common circuit topologies as shown in fig. 7, and these circuit topologies can all realize the adjustability of the equivalent load Re through a certain control algorithm.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the wireless charging system further includes a wireless communication circuit 40, and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 is communicatively connected to the wireless charging transmitting device through the wireless communication circuit 40.
In this embodiment, the wireless communication circuit 40 may be a coupling circuit formed by the secondary coil Ls and the primary coil, and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 may transmit information such as charging voltage, current, power, and the like to the primary coil Lp through the secondary coil Ls and then transmit the information to the infrastructure sampling control circuit. Wireless communication circuit 40 can also adopt the WIFI module, radio frequency module, bluetooth module etc. can be used to realize the wireless communication circuit 40 of the receipt and the transmission of signal and realize, on-vehicle detection control circuit 30 is connected with the wireless emitter communication that charges, thereby when the wireless receiver that charges, on-vehicle detection control circuit 30 sends the wireless emitter that charges through wireless communication with information such as the charging voltage of on-vehicle side, electric current and power, wireless emitter that charges can adjust the side of establishing according to current electric wire netting voltage and required charging current and realize charging current's control or protection. Or the wireless charging transmitting device receives the vehicle-mounted side instruction through wireless communication, adjusts parameters such as primary coil current or input voltage according to the instruction, and finally realizes optimal control or protection of charging current.
Of course, in practical engineering applications, the adjustment range of the duty ratio or the phase shift angle of the controllable rectifying and adjusting circuit 20 may be limited in terms of cost and performance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in an embodiment, the wireless charging receiving apparatus further includes a battery manager, and the battery manager is connected to an output terminal of the controllable rectification and regulation circuit 20.
The Battery manager, namely a BMS (Battery Management System), is configured to detect and manage the electric quantity, voltage, and current of the Battery, and is connected to the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 to output the working parameters to the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30, and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit 30 may adjust the duty ratio or the phase shift angle of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit 20 according to the working parameters detected by the Battery manager, so as to adjust and output the output voltage/output current at the infrastructure side. The battery manager improves the automation level of the whole automobile wireless charging receiving device.
The invention also provides a wireless charging control method, which is suitable for the wireless charging receiving device, wherein the wireless charging receiving device comprises a secondary side resonance network, a controllable rectification regulating circuit and a vehicle-mounted detection control circuit; referring to fig. 8, the wireless charging control method includes the steps of:
step S100, detecting the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit and generating a corresponding output detection signal;
one or more parameter combinations of voltage, current and power of the output circuit are detected, and the related requirements of the voltage and/or current and/or power from the demander of the battery management system BMS and the like are acquired. Meanwhile, in order to better realize charging, the resonance parameters of the relevant system can be detected, the resonance parameters can be obtained by detecting the midpoint voltage/current of the controllable rectification regulating circuit and looking up a table or calculating, and the resonance parameters can also be obtained by directly detecting the parameters (such as mutual inductance M or coupling coefficient K) of the current loosely coupled transformer. Of course, the resonance parameters may also be obtained through parameters such as the phase angle quantity of the primary Vin/Iin, the sampling quantity of the phase angle of the secondary impedance Zs, the magnitude of the secondary transformer current Is (during resonance matching, the reactive power Is minimum, and the current Is minimum), and the system efficiency (during resonance matching, the system efficiency Is highest).
Step S200, adjusting working parameters of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal and the required value so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device;
in this embodiment, a current/voltage may be detected by using a current transformer, a hall sensor, or a detection circuit composed of resistors, capacitors, and other devices, so as to sample signals such as current and voltage of each controllable rectifying and regulating circuit. In practical application, the output detection signal can be compared with the required value of the system to obtain the adjustment control quantity, and the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device is adjusted according to the adjustment control quantity. The midpoint voltage/current of the full bridge of the controllable rectification regulating circuit is Ve/Ie respectively, and the equivalent impedance is Re. And the vehicle-mounted side is also provided with a vehicle-mounted battery, an output filter capacitor Co, an impedance matching resistor, an electric load and the like Rout. The effective impedance of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit, Re, can be expressed as:
as can be seen from the above equation, the equivalent impedance Re is not purely resistive, and is decomposed into a real part and an imaginary part as follows:
wherein D is the duty ratio of the controllable rectification regulating circuit, namely Re is compared with uncontrolled rectification/synchronous rectification at the moment, and the pure resistive load is equivalent to an introduction coefficient kreWhile adding a coefficient kimThe imaginary part of (c). By adjusting different duty ratios D, the real part and the imaginary part of the equivalent impedance can be adjusted, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the output characteristic.
The controllable rectification adjusting circuit can adjust the output characteristic by controlling the phase shift angle α, the specific adjusting mode of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit is the same as the mode of adjusting the duty ratio, the working principle is the same, and the realized technical effect is the same.
The wireless charging control method comprises the steps that a secondary side resonance network is arranged and coupled with a primary side resonance network of an external wireless charging transmitting device, and alternating current power transmitted by the primary side resonance network in a coupling mode is transmitted, so that a controllable rectification adjusting circuit converts alternating current power flow output by the secondary side resonance network into direct current. The invention can meet the requirements of the electric automobile on charging voltage/current/power, and realizes the adjustability of the output voltage/current of the wireless charging receiving device.
In an embodiment, the step of adjusting an operating parameter of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device specifically includes:
and looking up a table or calculating the control quantity of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected output detection signal of the controllable rectification regulating circuit so as to enable the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device to reach the preset output current/voltage. Or continuously adjusting the working parameters of the controllable rectification regulating circuit until the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device reaches the preset output current/voltage.
In this embodiment, the real part and the imaginary part of the equivalent impedance can be adjusted by adjusting different duty ratios D or phase shift angles, and the pure resistive load is equivalent to introducing a coefficient kreWhile adding a coefficient kimThe imaginary part of (c). The real part and the impedance imaginary part of the equivalent impedance can be adjusted by adjusting different duty ratios D, so that the function of adjusting the output characteristic is achieved, the duty ratio D or the phase-shift angle control quantity of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit can be directly generated according to the difference value between the detected output parameter and the acquired demand parameter, or the duty ratio D or the phase-shift angle of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit can be continuously adjusted according to the detection result until the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device reaches the preset output current/voltage, so that the optimal working characteristic of the system is achieved.
The invention further provides an electric automobile which comprises the wireless charging receiving device. The detailed structure of the wireless charging receiving device can refer to the above embodiments, and is not described herein again; it can be understood that, because the wireless charging receiving device is used in the electric vehicle of the present invention, the embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present invention includes all technical solutions of all embodiments of the wireless charging receiving device, and the achieved technical effects are also completely the same, and are not described herein again.
In this embodiment, electric automobile can be pure electric vehicles, also can be oil-electricity hybrid vehicle, and the output of wireless charge receiving arrangement is connected with electric automobile's battery for electric automobile realizes continuation of the journey.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wireless charging receiving device, comprising:
the secondary side resonant network is coupled with the primary side resonant network of the external wireless charging and transmitting device and transmits alternating current electric energy coupled and transmitted by the primary side resonant network;
the controllable rectification regulating circuit is connected with the secondary side resonant network and converts the alternating current energy flow output by the secondary side resonant network into direct current;
and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is connected with the controlled end of the controllable rectification regulating circuit, detects the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit, and adjusts the working parameters of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected voltage and/or current signals so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
2. The wireless charging receiving device of claim 1, wherein the controllably rectifying regulator circuit comprises a first upper leg switch connected in series with a first lower leg switch to form a first leg circuit, a second upper leg switch connected in series with a second lower leg switch to form a second leg circuit, and a first lower leg switch.
3. The wireless charge receiving device of claim 1, wherein the operating parameter comprises a duty cycle or phase shift angle of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit.
4. The wireless charging receiving device of claim 1, wherein the wireless charging system further comprises a wireless communication circuit, and the vehicle-mounted detection control circuit is in communication connection with the wireless charging transmitting device through the wireless communication circuit.
5. The wireless charge receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the secondary resonant network comprises a secondary compensation network and a secondary coil, the primary compensation network is connected to the primary coil, and the primary coil is coupled to the secondary coil; and the secondary coil is connected with the secondary compensation network.
6. A wireless charging control method is suitable for the wireless charging receiving device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and the wireless charging receiving device comprises a side secondary side resonance network, a controllable rectification regulating circuit and a vehicle-mounted detection control circuit; the wireless charging receiving device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting the voltage and/or current output by the controllable rectification regulating circuit and generating a corresponding output detection signal;
and adjusting the working parameters of the controllable rectification adjusting circuit according to the detected output detection signal and the required value so as to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device.
7. The wireless charging control method according to claim 6, wherein the step of adjusting the operating parameter of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device according to the detected output detection signal and the required value specifically comprises:
and looking up a table or calculating the control quantity of the controllable rectification regulating circuit according to the detected output detection signal of the controllable rectification regulating circuit so as to enable the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device to reach the preset output current/voltage.
8. The wireless charging control method according to claim 6, wherein the step of adjusting the operating parameter of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit to adjust the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device according to the detected output detection signal and the required value specifically comprises:
and continuously adjusting the working parameters of the controllable rectifying and adjusting circuit until the output current/voltage of the wireless charging receiving device reaches the preset output current/voltage.
9. The wireless charging control method of claim 8, wherein the operating parameter comprises a duty cycle or a phase shift angle of the controllably rectifying regulator circuit.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a wireless charge receiving arrangement according to any of claims 1-6.
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