CN110936455A - Novel bleaching treatment method for straw plaited articles - Google Patents
Novel bleaching treatment method for straw plaited articles Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/007—Straw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/005—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process employing compositions comprising microparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/025—Controlling the process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/02—Staining or dyeing wood; Bleaching wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2200/00—Wooden materials to be treated
- B27K2200/10—Articles made of particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method, which belongs to the technical field of straw plaiting bleaching and dyeing processing and comprises the following steps: s1, activation pretreatment: adding the straw plaited fabric into a reactor, adding an aqueous solution of a surfactant I, adjusting the pH of the solution to 4.5-5.5, heating, and then soaking for activation pretreatment; s2, adding water to soak and clean; s3, bleaching treatment: soaking the straw plaited fabric in a bleaching agent solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 10-12, and carrying out primary bleaching treatment after heating; adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 by using inorganic base, and carrying out secondary bleaching treatment; wherein the bleaching agent solution is prepared from a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, a surfactant II, water and hydrogen peroxide; and S4, adding water, soaking and cleaning for a plurality of times until hydrogen peroxide is detected to be qualified, taking out the straw plaited products, and drying to obtain the straw plaited bleached finished products. The method reduces the sewage treatment cost, is convenient to operate and easy to control, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of straw plaiting bleaching and dyeing processing, and particularly relates to a novel method for bleaching straw plaiting.
Background
The straw plaited article is a traditional folk handicraft article, and is a handicraft article processed and plaited by using various flexible herbaceous plants (such as wheat straw, cattail, corn husk, reed grass, yellow grass, perilla grass, mat grass, spun gold grass, Chinese alpine rush, Chinese iris, wool grass, sedge, bamboo shell, indocalamus shell, straw, coarse hair and the like) as raw materials.
In order to improve the added value of the straw plaited handicraft article, the bleaching and dyeing processing of the straw plaited handicraft article is very important. Because the traditional straw plaiting bleaching and dyeing process mainly uses chemicals containing phosphorus and sulfur, the bleaching and dyeing process is complicated, consumes long time, has high working strength and consumes much water; the total phosphorus content in the production sewage reaches 800mg/L, the sulfide content reaches 300mg/L, the sewage treatment input cost is increased, and the bleached and dyed straw plaited fabric contains chemical medicine residues such as sodium hydrosulfite and the like, so that the product sale and application fields are influenced. Meanwhile, the straw weaving bleaching and dyeing process has large water consumption, large water quality and water quantity fluctuation and high wastewater pollution load, particularly has high COD, BOD, SS and total phosphorus content, and seriously pollutes the environment. The problems of the bleaching and dyeing of the straw plaited products, the quality of the straw plaited products and the bleaching and dyeing of the straw plaited products are all restricted by the healthy and sustainable development of the straw plaited industry.
In order to solve the difficult problems of the straw plaiting industry and protect the sustainable development of the traditional characteristic industry, a new straw plaiting bleaching process needs to be researched, and low-pollution bleaching raw materials are adopted to replace sodium pyrophosphate and sodium hydrosulfite, so that the pollution problem, the sewage treatment problem and the quality problem of straw plaiting are fundamentally solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a novel straw plaiting and bleaching treatment method, which reduces pollution factors such as total phosphorus, sulfide and the like, greatly reduces the sewage treatment difficulty, reduces the sewage treatment investment cost, saves the sewage treatment cost and is suitable for industrial mass production.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.
A novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Adding the straw into a reactor, adding an aqueous solution of a surfactant I with the mass percentage concentration of 0.02-0.10%, adjusting the pH of the solution to 4.5-5.5 with sulfuric acid, carrying out soaking activation pretreatment for 30-120 min at 55-65 ℃, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 10-30 min, and then discharging the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
Soaking the straw plaited product of S2 in a bleaching agent solution, adjusting the pH of the solution to 10-12 by using inorganic base, and bleaching at 70-80 ℃ for 5-14 h; after the primary bleaching treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 by using inorganic alkali, carrying out secondary bleaching treatment for 5-13 h, and then discharging a solution III; the bleaching agent solution is prepared from a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, a surfactant II, water and hydrogen peroxide in a mass ratio of 0.03-0.2: 0.001-0.05: 5-30: 0.4-1.5;
s4, cleaning and drying
And (3) adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for a plurality of times, 10-30 min each time until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the straw plaited product, and drying to obtain the straw plaited bleached finished product.
Further, in S1, the surfactant I was OP-10 (alkylphenol ethoxylate-10).
Further, in S1, the mass ratio of the straw plaited fabric to the surfactant I is 1: 0.001 to 0.02.
Further, in S4, the qualified standard of the hydrogen peroxide detection result is that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is less than 1 mg/L.
Further, in S3, the surfactant II is one or a combination of two or more of SDS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), LAS (linear alkyl benzene sulfonate), AES (sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate), AOS (α -sodium alkenyl sulfonate), AESA (ammonium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate), MES (sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate), AE (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), MEE (fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate), and APG (alkyl glycoside).
Further, in S3, the composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer includes the following raw material components in parts by weight: 1 part of EDTA, 2.8-8 parts of sodium metasilicate and 0.1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Further, in S3, the inorganic base is any one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
Further, in S3, the solution III recovery kit is used for the activation pretreatment for straw plaiting in step S1 of the next batch.
Further, in S1, the pH value of the solution I is 6-8; in S3, the pH of the solution after the primary bleaching treatment is 6-8, and the pH of the solution III after the secondary bleaching treatment is 6-8.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel straw-woven bleaching treatment method provided by the invention adopts low-pollution bleaching raw materials to replace the existing sodium pyrophosphate and sodium hydrosulfite, fundamentally reduces pollution factors such as total phosphorus, sulfide and the like, greatly reduces the difficulty of sewage treatment, reduces the input cost of sewage treatment, and is suitable for industrial mass production. And the solution III after the straw plaiting bleaching treatment can be reused for straw plaiting activation pretreatment.
2. According to the invention, water-soluble natural pigments and surface impurities in the straw plaiting are preferentially removed through straw plaiting activation pretreatment, so that the straw plaiting becomes moist and soft, and the straw plaiting can be prevented from being damaged in an oxidative bleaching stage. The pH value of the solution is effectively controlled by adding the composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer and gradually adding the inorganic base so as to reduce the decomposition rate of the hydrogen peroxide and effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide. The method can remove natural pigment in the straw plaited product, can not damage the structure of the straw plaited product, enables the bleached straw plaited product to keep a good shape, has no looseness and deformation, has no burrs on the surface, has no damage to the surface and no color reversion, and is beneficial to processing of downstream products. Wherein, the whiteness index of the straw-knitted bleached product reaches-12 to-30, and the yellowness index reaches 26 to 36.
3. The method provided by the invention can greatly shorten the production cycle of straw plaiting bleaching, thereby greatly improving the production capacity of straw plaiting bleaching. And the finished product can be obtained only by carrying out activation pretreatment and oxidative bleaching on the straw plaited fabric, and reductive bleaching is not needed, so that the medicament pollution caused by carrying out reductive bleaching on the straw plaited fabric by using sodium hydrosulfite in the traditional straw plaited fabric bleaching and dyeing method is avoided. The method has the advantages of short reaction time, mild conditions and easy operation and control. And the raw materials have wide sources, stable quality and complete specifications, and are beneficial to industrial production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a novel straw bleaching treatment method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The explanation of the new technology of straw plaiting bleaching treatment is carried out by taking wheat straw plaiting as an example. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Weighing 12.1g of wheat straw, weaving and adding the wheat straw into a reactor, sequentially adding 300g of water and 0.12g of OP-10 into the reactor, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 5.0 by using sulfuric acid, heating to 55 ℃, carrying out soaking activation pretreatment for 60min, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished, wherein the pH of the solution I is 7.1;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor to cover the wheat straw plaited fabric, soaking and cleaning for 20min, and then draining the water completely, namely draining the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
S3.1, preparing a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer: uniformly mixing three medicaments of EDTA, sodium metasilicate and magnesium sulfate to obtain a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, wherein the composite stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: EDTA: sodium metasilicate: magnesium sulfate 1: 3: 0.1;
s3.2, bleaching treatment: after the wheat straw is woven and subjected to activation pretreatment, 1.21g of composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 0.1g of surfactant II (SDS), 363g of water and 45g of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide are sequentially added into a reactor, 0.1g of sodium carbonate is added, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 10, then the solution is heated to 80 ℃, and after 5 hours of bleaching treatment, the pH of the solution is detected to be 7.5, and one-time bleaching treatment is completed; at the moment, 0.45g of sodium carbonate is continuously added into the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.5, secondary bleaching treatment is carried out for 7 hours, and the solution III is discharged after the reaction is finished to obtain a bleached wheat straw plait; the pH value of the solution III is detected to be 7.6, and the solution III can be recovered and sleeved in the step S1 of the next batch for the activation pretreatment of the wheat straw plaiting;
s4, cleaning and drying
And adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 6 times, each time for 10min until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the wheat straw braid, drying for 4h at the temperature of 50 ℃ in an oven to obtain a wheat straw braided and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw braided and bleached finished product to be-18 and the yellowness index to be 29.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Weighing 12.7g of wheat straw, weaving and adding the wheat straw into a reactor, sequentially adding 300g of the solution III and 0.2g of OP-10 in the example 1 into the reactor, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, heating to 60 ℃, carrying out immersion activation pretreatment for 30min, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished, wherein the pH of the solution I is 6.0;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor to cover the wheat straw plaited fabric, soaking and cleaning for 10min, and then draining the water completely, namely draining the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
S3.1, preparing a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer: uniformly mixing three medicaments of EDTA, sodium metasilicate and magnesium sulfate to obtain a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, wherein the composite stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: EDTA: sodium metasilicate: magnesium sulfate 1: 6: 10;
s3.2, bleaching treatment: after the wheat straw is woven and activated, 2.55g of composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 0.64g of surfactant II (a mixture of SDS and LAS in a mass ratio of 1: 1), 255g of water and 69g of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide are sequentially added into a reactor, 0.2g of sodium carbonate is added, the pH value of the solution is adjusted to 11.5, the solution is heated to 75 ℃, the pH value of the solution is detected to be 6.0 after bleaching treatment is carried out for 6 hours, and primary bleaching treatment is completed; at the moment, 0.2g of sodium carbonate is continuously added into the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.0, secondary bleaching treatment is carried out for 5 hours, and the solution III is discharged after the reaction is finished to obtain a bleached wheat straw plait; the pH value of the detection solution III is 6.0, and the solution III can be recovered and used in the step S1 of the next batch for the activation pretreatment of the wheat straw plaiting;
s4, cleaning and drying
And (3) adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 4 times, each time for 20min until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the wheat straw braid, drying for 4h at the temperature of 50 ℃ of an oven to obtain a wheat straw braided and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw braided and bleached finished product to be-12 and the yellowness index to be 26.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Weighing 19.1kg of wheat straw, weaving and adding into a reactor, sequentially adding 120kg of water and 20g of OP-10 into the reactor, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 4.6 by using sulfuric acid, heating to 60 ℃, carrying out immersion activation pretreatment for 120min, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished, wherein the pH of the solution I is 7;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor to cover the wheat straw plaited fabric, soaking and cleaning for 30min, and then draining the water completely, namely draining the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
S3.1, preparing a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer: uniformly mixing three medicaments of EDTA, sodium metasilicate and magnesium sulfate to obtain a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, wherein the composite stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: EDTA: sodium metasilicate: magnesium sulfate 1: 2.8: 0.5;
s3.2, bleaching treatment: after the wheat straw is woven and subjected to activation pretreatment, 0.56kg of composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 20g of surfactant II (SDS), 93.8kg of water and 26.2kg of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide are sequentially added into a reactor, 0.25kg of sodium carbonate is added, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 11.8, the solution is heated to 70 ℃, the pH of the solution is detected to be 8.0 after bleaching treatment is carried out for 10 hours, and one-time bleaching treatment is finished; at the moment, 0.05kg of sodium carbonate needs to be continuously added into the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.9, secondary bleaching treatment is carried out for 13 hours, and the solution III is discharged after the reaction is finished to obtain a bleached wheat straw plait; the pH value of the solution III is detected to be 6.5, and the solution III can be recovered and sleeved in the step S1 of the next batch for the activation pretreatment of the wheat straw plaiting;
s4, cleaning and drying
And (3) adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 8 times, each time for 20min until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the wheat straw, airing and drying the wheat straw outdoors to obtain a wheat straw woven and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw woven and bleached finished product to be-30 and the yellowness index to be 36.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Weighing 7.6kg of wheat straw, weaving and adding the wheat straw into a reactor, sequentially adding 80kg of the solution III and 0.08kg of OP-10 in the reactor, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 5.5 by using sulfuric acid, heating to 65 ℃, carrying out immersion activation pretreatment for 90min, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished, wherein the pH of the solution I is 8;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor to cover the wheat straw plaited fabric, soaking and cleaning for 30min, and then draining the water completely, namely draining the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
S3.1, preparing a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer: uniformly mixing three medicaments of EDTA, sodium metasilicate and magnesium sulfate to obtain a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, wherein the composite stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: EDTA: sodium metasilicate: magnesium sulfate 1: 8: 0.63;
s3.2, bleaching treatment: after the wheat straw is woven and subjected to activation pretreatment, 0.77kg of composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, 0.05kg of surfactant II (SDS), 68.4kg of water and 12.8kg of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide are sequentially added into a reactor, 0.2kg of sodium carbonate is added, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 12, the solution is heated to 70 ℃, the pH of the solution is detected to be 7.0 after bleaching treatment is carried out for 14 hours, and one-time bleaching treatment is finished; at the moment, 0.18kg of sodium carbonate needs to be continuously added into the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 10, secondary bleaching treatment is carried out for 8 hours, and the solution III is discharged after the reaction is finished to obtain a bleached wheat straw plait; the pH value of the detection solution III is 8.0, and the solution III can be recovered and used in the step S1 of the next batch for the activation pretreatment of the wheat straw plaiting;
s4, cleaning and drying
And (3) adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 5 times, each time for 30min until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the wheat straw weaved product, airing and drying the wheat straw outdoors to obtain a wheat straw weaved and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw weaved and bleached finished product to be-22 and the yellowness index to be 31.
Comparative example 1
A wheat straw weaving and bleaching treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1 oxidative bleaching
Weighing 8kg of wheat straw, weaving and adding the wheat straw into a reactor, sequentially adding 1kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 60kg of water and 10kg of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide into the reactor, wherein the pH value of the solution is 10, heating the solution to 75 ℃, carrying out bleaching treatment for 15 hours, then keeping the pH value of the solution at 6, continuously adding 0.2kg of sodium carbonate into the solution, keeping the pH value of the solution at 9.5, carrying out secondary bleaching treatment for 12 hours, discharging the solution I after the reaction is finished, and keeping the pH value of the solution I at 6.5.
S2, cleaning
And adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 10 times, each time for 10min, until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, and then discharging the solution II.
S3 reductive bleaching
Weighing 0.5kg of sodium hydrosulfite, adding water into a reactor, adding wheat straw, heating to 42 ℃, covering with plastic cloth, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 15 h. Discharging the reaction solution III.
S4, drying
Taking out wheat straw, taking out the wheat straw, airing the wheat straw outdoors to obtain a wheat straw woven and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw woven and bleached finished product to be-33 and the yellowness index to be 40.
Comparative example 2
A wheat straw weaving and bleaching treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1 bleaching treatment
Weighing 7.8kg of wheat straw, weaving and adding the wheat straw into a reactor, sequentially adding 0.6kg of sodium silicate, 0.1kg of surfactant II, 67kg of water and 13kg of 27.5% hydrogen peroxide into the reactor, adding 0.05kg of sodium carbonate, adjusting the pH of the solution to 11.5, heating the solution to 70 ℃, bleaching for 13 hours, detecting the pH of the solution to be 6.8, and completing primary bleaching; at the moment, 0.2kg of sodium carbonate needs to be continuously added into the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to 9.8, secondary bleaching treatment is carried out for 15 hours, and the solution I is discharged after the reaction is finished to obtain a bleached wheat straw plait; the pH of the test solution I was 6.5 at this time.
S2, cleaning and drying
And adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 6 times, each time for 15min until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution II, taking out the wheat straw weaved product, airing the wheat straw outdoors to obtain a wheat straw weaved and bleached finished product, and measuring the whiteness of the wheat straw weaved and bleached finished product to be-36 and the yellowness index to be 43.
The results of bleaching treatment for wheat straw in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 bleaching effect of wheat straw for examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2
| Index of whiteness | Yellowness index | |
| Comparative example 1 | -33 | 40 |
| Comparative example 2 | -36 | 43 |
| Example 1 | -18 | 29 |
| Example 2 | -12 | 26 |
| Example 3 | -30 | 36 |
| Example 4 | -22 | 31 |
Comparative example 1 used a conventional phosphorus-containing bleaching process, and comparative example 2 used a conventional process in which no activation pretreatment was performed before bleaching. According to the results in the table 1, the whiteness index of the wheat straw woven and bleached finished product in the embodiment 1-4 reaches-12 to-30, and the yellowness index reaches 26 to 36. Compared with the prior wheat straw weaving bleaching process comparative examples 1-2, the method of the embodiment 1-4 of the invention preferentially removes water-soluble natural pigments and surface impurities in the wheat straw weaving through wheat straw weaving activation pretreatment, so that the wheat straw weaving becomes wet and soft, and the wheat straw weaving can be prevented from being damaged in an oxidative bleaching stage, wherein the surfactant I mainly plays a role in activation and decontamination. The pH value of the solution is effectively controlled by adding the composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer and gradually adding the inorganic base so as to reduce the decomposition rate of the hydrogen peroxide, thereby effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the hydrogen peroxide, wherein the surfactant II mainly plays a role in permeation. The method can remove natural pigment in wheat straw plaited products, and can not damage the structure of the wheat straw plaited products, so that the bleached wheat straw plaited products keep good shapes, have no looseness, no deformation, no burrs on the surface, no damage to the epidermis and no color reversion, and are beneficial to downstream product processing.
As the compound containing phosphorus or sulfur is avoided in the embodiment 1, the content of total phosphorus and sulfide can be fundamentally reduced, the difficulty of sewage treatment is greatly reduced, the investment cost of sewage treatment is reduced, the cost of sewage treatment is saved, and the method is suitable for industrial mass production.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A novel straw plaiting bleaching treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, activation pretreatment
Adding the straw into a reactor, adding an aqueous solution of a surfactant I with the mass percentage concentration of 0.02-0.10%, adjusting the pH of the solution to 4.5-5.5, carrying out soaking activation pretreatment for 30-120 min at 55-65 ℃, and discharging the solution I after the pretreatment is finished;
s2, cleaning
Adding water into the reactor, soaking and cleaning for 10-30 min, and then discharging the solution II;
s3 bleaching treatment
Soaking the straw plaited product of S2 in a bleaching agent solution, adjusting the pH of the solution to 10-12 by using inorganic base, and bleaching at 70-80 ℃ for 5-14 h; after the primary bleaching treatment is finished, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-10 by using inorganic alkali, carrying out secondary bleaching treatment for 5-13 h, and then discharging a solution III;
the bleaching agent solution is prepared from a composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer, a surfactant II, water and hydrogen peroxide in a mass ratio of 0.03-0.2: 0.001-0.05: 5-30: 0.4-1.5;
s4, cleaning and drying
And (4) cleaning the straw plaited product bleached by the S3 until the hydrogen peroxide detection result is qualified, then discharging the solution IV, taking out the straw plaited product, and drying to obtain the straw plaited product bleached.
2. The novel straw bleaching process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the surfactant I is OP-10.
3. The new straw plaited bleaching processing method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the mass ratio of the straw plaited cloth to the surfactant I is 1: 0.001 to 0.02.
4. The new straw bleaching treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the qualified standard of the hydrogen peroxide detection result is that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is less than 1 mg/L.
5. The novel straw bleaching process of claim 1, wherein in S3, the surfactant II is one or more of SDS, LAS, AES, AOS, AESA, MES, AE, MEE and APG.
6. The new straw-knitted bleaching treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the composite hydrogen peroxide stabilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of EDTA, 2.8-8 parts of sodium metasilicate and 0.1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate.
7. The new straw bleaching process according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the inorganic base is any one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in S3, the solution III recycling kit is used for the activation pretreatment of straw plaiting in step S1 of the next batch.
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