CN110936454B - Pyrolysis oil impregnating solution and method for reinforcing wood rotary friction welding joint - Google Patents
Pyrolysis oil impregnating solution and method for reinforcing wood rotary friction welding joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN110936454B CN110936454B CN201911107317.4A CN201911107317A CN110936454B CN 110936454 B CN110936454 B CN 110936454B CN 201911107317 A CN201911107317 A CN 201911107317A CN 110936454 B CN110936454 B CN 110936454B
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 66
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000005020 Acaciella glauca Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000008582 Pinus sylvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000001839 pinus sylvestris Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 furniture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082946 Tarchonanthus camphoratus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005701 Tarchonanthus camphoratus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000190021 Zelkova Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKXHCNPAFAXVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH3+]CC1=CC=CC=C1 XKXHCNPAFAXVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0065—Ultrasonic treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of wood processing and forest industry, and particularly relates to pyrolysis oil impregnating solution and a method for reinforcing a wood rotary friction welding joint. At present, the conventional wood friction welding node has the defects of unsatisfactory mechanical strength, unstable quality, unstable friction welding interface and poor water resistance. The application provides pyrolysis oil impregnating solution which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-500 parts of pyrolysis oil, 1-15 parts of reinforcing agent and 3-25 parts of modifier. The pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application adopts cheap green raw materials to treat and strengthen the wood rotary friction welding interface, improves the mechanical strength of the welding node, and enhances the water resistance of the welding node, thereby promoting the development and application of the wood rotary friction welding technology.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of wood processing and forest industry, and particularly relates to pyrolysis oil impregnating solution and a method for reinforcing a wood rotary friction welding joint.
Background
The wood welding technology is a technology for realizing glue-free connection by carrying out friction heating on wood or wood materials through external acting force, softening wood part components (mainly lignin, hemicellulose and the like) through heating and fusing with each other, carrying out crosslinking reaction on a friction surface layer of the wood, and forming a welding interface after cooling and solidifying the wood. The wood welding belongs to glue-free gluing, does not need to additionally use expensive adhesives and complex gluing processes in the whole process, is an environment-friendly technology, meets the social requirements of green, low carbon, health and environmental protection, and has wide application prospect in the wood industry.
Compared with the traditional connection modes such as adhesive connection, hardware connection and the like, the wood welding technology has the following four outstanding advantages: (1) High welding efficiency. The whole wood welding process can be completed only by about a few seconds, and generally only 30 minutes of curing time is needed, and the curing time of few hours and days is needed when the adhesive is used for bonding; and (2) the wood is convenient to weld and recycle. The welding wood products are more convenient to recycle as wood raw materials because materials which increase environmental burden, such as adhesives, connecting pieces and the like are not used, and only friction between wood materials is used for bonding; and (3) the apparent quality of the wood welding is good. The phenomenon of glue overflow and glue spots can be avoided without using an adhesive and a metal connecting piece, and the corrosion of wood can be avoided, so that the natural appearance of the wood material is maintained; and (4) wood welding is environment-friendly. The smoke generated by welding is mainly steam and CO 2 And small molecular carbohydrates, and the like, and no harmful gases such as formaldehyde, free phenol, toluene, VOCs, and the like are generated, and the harmful substances are not released in the welding process and the using process.
The wood welding technology mainly comprises two major types, namely linear friction welding and rotary friction welding, wherein the linear friction welding technology refers to high-speed friction movement of two or more pieces of wood under the action of certain pressure, amplitude, frequency and the like, part of polymers in the wood are melted by heat generated by friction, and after the friction movement is stopped, the melted polymers are cooled to form an intertwining network, so that the wood welding is realized.
The wood rotary friction welding is a technology for quickly inserting a round bar tenon rotating at a high speed into two or more pieces of wood which are pre-drilled under the action of external force, and when the preset depth is reached, the rotary round bar tenon stops moving instantly and connects the wood together, so that the welding is realized. The rotary friction welding is caused by friction heat generation, and a layer of molten interface layer is formed on the surfaces of the round bar tenons and the holes; after the weld is stopped, the molten interface layer begins to cool, thereby effecting the weld. The wood rotary friction welding technology has the characteristics of simple equipment, simple process, flexible structural form, environment friendliness, rapidness, high efficiency and the like, and has good application prospect and development potential in the fields of furniture manufacturing, laminated wood preparation, wood material decoration assembly and the like.
In recent years, many scientific researches and technicians at home and abroad have been conducted around factors, technological processes, processing devices and the like in the wood rotary friction welding process. However, the mechanical strength of the wood friction welding node is not ideal enough, the quality is unstable, and the friction welding interface is not stable enough, so that the water resistance is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
In recent years, much work has been done about factors, processes, and processing equipment of the wood rotary friction welding process. However, at present, the mechanical strength of the wood friction welding node is not ideal enough, the quality is not stable enough, the friction welding interface is not stable enough, and the water resistance is poor.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100-500 parts of pyrolysis oil, 1-15 parts of reinforcing agent and 3-25 parts of modifier.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
200-400 parts of pyrolysis oil, 2-12 parts of reinforcing agent and 6-20 parts of modifier.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
300 parts of pyrolysis oil, 6 parts of reinforcing agent and 12 parts of modifying agent.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: the reinforcing agent is montmorillonite, and the modifier is quaternary ammonium salt substance.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: the quaternary ammonium salt substance is one or more of dimethyl double-sunflower-base ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
The application also provides a preparation method of the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following steps:
1) Heating pyrolysis oil, reinforcing agent and modifier in 40-60 deg.c;
2) Stirring the pyrolysis oil, the reinforcing agent and the modifying agent in the step 1) at a high speed for 100-150 min under the heating condition;
3) Standing the product of the step 2) to obtain pyrolysis oil impregnating solution.
The application also provides a method for reinforcing the wood rotary friction welding joint by using the pyrolysis oil, which comprises the following steps:
a. dipping wood tenons to be subjected to rotary welding in the pyrolysis oil dipping liquid;
b. determining the pre-drilling diameter and the pre-drilling depth of the wood base material according to the base material breadth, the wood tenon diameter and the connection strength requirements;
c. and welding the impregnated wood tenons with the pre-drilled base material.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: the even number dipping treatment in the step a comprises the steps of dipping a part with 15-30 mm of the preset welding height of the wood tenons into pyrolysis oil dipping liquid, and then dipping for 30-50 min under the ultrasonic treatment condition; then the wood tenons are air-dried or hot air-dried until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent; and (5) drying the wood tenons for standby.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: and b, the diameter of the pre-drilled hole in the step is 1.1-1.5 times of the diameter of the wood plug, and the depth of the pre-drilled hole is 10-15 mm higher than the insertion depth of the wood plug.
Another embodiment provided by the application is: c, welding on a chord tangent plane of the base material, aligning the wood tenons with the base material holes, welding the wood tenons on the base material according to a rotating speed of 1500-2200 r/min and a feeding speed of 15-23 mm/s, and stopping rotating after the wood tenons contact the bottoms of the reserved holes; and then, continuously controlling the clamping head to be fixed, and after keeping the wood tenons in a clamping state for 40-60 s, loosening the wood tenons and withdrawing the welding swivel.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution and the preparation method thereof and the method for reinforcing the wood rotary friction welding node have the beneficial effects that:
according to the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application, the cheap green raw materials are adopted to treat and strengthen the wood rotary friction welding interface, so that the variability of the welding interface strength is reduced, the water resistance of the welding node is improved, and the development and application of the wood rotary friction welding technology are promoted.
The pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application has the advantages that the main raw materials are from natural resources, green and renewable, and the cost is low. Biomass pyrolysis oil, montmorillonite and the like are all green and cheap raw materials, agricultural and forestry waste sources of the pyrolysis oil are green and renewable, the montmorillonite is derived from natural ores and is cheap and easily available, and quaternary ammonium salt substances are commonly used dispersing agents and antibacterial agents.
According to the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application, the pyrolysis oil raw material used has natural affinity with wood, and the inorganic material montmorillonite has good thermal stability, so that the bonding strength and the water resistance of a welding interface can be better enhanced. The acidic substances in the pyrolysis oil promote slight hydrolysis of contact parts of the wood tenons and the base materials, so that the wood fiber combination body intertwined with each other is more facilitated to be produced, phenols, lignin oligomers and the like in the pyrolysis oil promote generation of mesh-shaped molten filling substances of a welding interface, water resistance is enhanced, in addition, various substances in the pyrolysis oil also generate binding force with the wood tenons and the base materials through hydrogen bonds and the like, montmorillonite has good stability, interface water resistance and heat resistance can be improved, quaternary ammonium substances can disperse and modify the montmorillonite in impregnating solution, certain antibacterial property is also provided, weather resistance of the welding interface is improved, and the comprehensive effect of the factors obviously improves the quality of the welding interface.
The pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application is applied, the process method is simple, no additional processing equipment is needed, the process is environment-friendly, and the cost is saved. When the method is adopted to carry out the wood-tenon rotary welding, the use of externally added connecting substances such as adhesive, metal and the like is avoided, only a small amount of low-cost impregnating solution is used for treating the wood-tenon, no additional processing equipment is needed, the process is environment-friendly and low in cost, and the method has good development prospect in the processing process of products such as furniture, wood products, artificial boards and building materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a pyrolysis oil impregnation fluid application process according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wood spin friction welding test piece according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and according to these detailed descriptions, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the present application and can practice the present application. Features from various embodiments may be combined to obtain new implementations, or substituted for certain features from certain embodiments to obtain further preferred implementations, without departing from the principles of the application.
Because the natural forest is completely forbidden and the large-diameter wood resources are gradually deficient, the small-diameter artificial forest wood with short round of cutting period gradually becomes the main raw material for wood processing in China. In the process of processing and utilizing the small-diameter material, splicing or connecting technologies such as lengthening, widening, thickening and the like are generally needed. In addition, the connection technology is also an important procedure in the production process of a plurality of wood products such as artificial boards, integrated materials, furniture and the like. Therefore, the current state of resources and the technological characteristics of wood processing in China determine the urgent need of the green, environment-friendly and efficient wood connecting technology.
The biomass pyrolysis oil is a green chemical raw material obtained by thermal cracking and liquefying biomass wastes such as agriculture and forestry residues and the like, has the characteristics of wide raw material sources, good chemical activity, low price, easy obtainment and the like, and has wide application in the fields of energy, chemical industry, materials and the like. Particularly, the biomass pyrolysis oil has good wettability and adhesiveness to biomass resources such as wood, and has application potential in the field of wood linking.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of pyrolysis oil, 1 part of reinforcing agent and 3 parts of modifying agent.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
200 parts of pyrolysis oil, 2 parts of reinforcing agent and 6 parts of modifying agent.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
300 parts of pyrolysis oil, 6 parts of reinforcing agent and 12 parts of modifying agent.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
400 parts of pyrolysis oil, 12 parts of reinforcing agent and 20 parts of modifying agent.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the application provides a pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
500 parts of pyrolysis oil, 15 parts of reinforcing agent and 25 parts of modifying agent.
Wherein, the pyrolysis oil is 300 parts, the reinforcing agent is 6 parts, and the modifying agent is 12 parts; is the optimal proportion.
Further, the reinforcing agent is montmorillonite, and the modifier is quaternary ammonium salt substance.
Further, the quaternary ammonium salt substance is one or more of dimethyl double-sunflower-base ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
The pyrolysis oil in the application is biomass pyrolysis oil, which is a liquid phase product obtained by taking agricultural and forestry biomass waste such as wood, bamboo, bark, straw and the like as a raw material through fast pyrolysis (pyrolysis reaction temperature 500-600 ℃, gas phase residence time 1-3 s) and condensation liquefaction (condensation temperature 2-4 ℃), and the water content is required to be not higher than 30%, and the biomass pyrolysis oil is not layered, uniform and stable, and has the viscosity of 60 mPa.s or less.
Montmorillonite (MMT) is mainly used as an intercalation filling and reinforcing material, and endows the wood welding interface with better heat stability and water resistance.
The quaternary ammonium salt substances, such as one or more of dimethyl bis (sunflower-based) ammonium chloride (DDAC), dodecyl dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride (BAC), dodecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (DTAB), cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB), are used for dispersing, stripping and modifying montmorillonite, so as to improve the dispersibility and uniformity of pyrolysis oil-montmorillonite impregnating solution.
The application also provides a preparation method of the pyrolysis oil impregnating solution, which comprises the following steps:
1) Heating pyrolysis oil, reinforcing agent and modifier in 40-60 deg.c;
2) Stirring the pyrolysis oil, the reinforcing agent and the modifying agent in the step 1) at a high speed for 100-150 min under the heating condition;
3) Standing the product of the step 2) to obtain pyrolysis oil impregnating solution.
The application also provides a method for reinforcing the wood rotary friction welding joint by using the pyrolysis oil, which comprises the following steps:
a. dipping wood tenons to be subjected to rotary welding in the pyrolysis oil dipping liquid;
b. determining the pre-drilling diameter and the pre-drilling depth of the wood base material according to the base material breadth, the wood tenon diameter and the connection strength requirements;
c. and welding the impregnated wood tenons with the pre-drilled base material.
Further, the even number dipping treatment in the step a comprises the steps of dipping a part of the wood tenons with the preset welding height added with 15-30 mm into pyrolysis oil dipping liquid, and then dipping for 30-50 min under the condition of ultrasonic treatment; then the wood tenons are air-dried or hot air-dried until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent; and (5) drying the wood tenons for standby.
The wood core may be beech, birch, elm, oak, etc. 0.7g/cm 3 Hardwood species above density.
Further, in the step b, the diameter of the pre-drilled hole is 1.1-1.5 times of the diameter of the wood plug, and the depth of the pre-drilled hole is 10 mm-15 mm higher than the insertion depth of the wood plug.
Further, the welding in the step c is performed on a tangential plane of the base material, the wood tenons are aligned to the holes of the base material, the wood tenons are welded on the base material according to the rotating speed of 1500-2200 r/min and the feeding speed of 15-23 mm/s, and the rotation is stopped after the wood tenons contact the bottoms of the reserved holes; and then, continuously controlling the clamping head to be motionless, and after keeping the wood tenons in a clamping state and fixing for 40-60 s, loosening the wood tenons and withdrawing the welding swivel.
Example 1
The method for improving the rotary friction welding quality of the wood by using the pyrolysis oil is described by taking beech wood tenons and camphor wood pine base materials as examples.
Firstly, preparing a biomass pyrolysis oil impregnating solution for wood rotary friction welding. The biomass pyrolysis oil is taken as a main solution, 2.5 weight percent of montmorillonite, 4.5 weight percent of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dimethyl bis (sunflower-based) ammonium chloride (DDAC) are added, and the three are placed under the heating condition of 50 ℃ and stirred for 135min at a high speed, so that the modified pyrolysis oil solution for wood friction welding is obtained.
Next, the beech wood tenons with the length of 120mm and the diameter of 10mm are subjected to dipping treatment, and the welding depth is 50mm. Soaking wood tenons by using the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution, soaking the wood tenons with the length of not less than 75cm in the treatment solution, and soaking for 45min under the condition of ultrasonic treatment; after the dipping treatment, the wood tenons are dried by hot air until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent; and (5) drying the wood tenons for standby.
And pre-drilling the pinus sylvestris base material which needs to be welded, wherein the pre-drilling hole diameter is 13mm and the depth is 60mm.
Finally, welding the wood tenons subjected to the dipping pretreatment with the base materials subjected to the pre-drilling, and welding on the chord tangent plane of the pinus sylvestris; aligning the wood tenons with the holes of the base material, welding the wood tenons on the base material according to the rotation speed of 1800r/min and the feeding speed of 20mm/s, and stopping rotating after the wood tenons contact the bottoms of the reserved holes; and then, continuously controlling the clamping head to be motionless, keeping the wood tenons in a clamping state and fixing for 50s, and then loosening the wood tenons, and retracting the welding swivel to finish the wood rotary friction welding process.
The test pieces welded in the above process were subjected to strength and water resistance tests, respectively to test the dry tensile strength of the welded joint and the wet tensile strength of the welded joint after 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 10 days of immersion, and the wood tenons not subjected to the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution immersion treatment were welded as a control group 1. Referring to GB/T14018-2009, "method for testing grip strength of timber", tensile strength of nodes of samples and different states were measured by using a universal mechanical tester, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The method for improving the rotary friction welding quality of the wood by using the pyrolysis oil is described by taking elm wood tenons and poplar base materials as examples.
Firstly, preparing a biomass pyrolysis oil impregnating solution for wood rotary friction welding. The biomass pyrolysis oil is taken as a main solution, 2 weight percent of montmorillonite and 3.5 percent of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) are added, and the three are placed under the heating condition of 45 ℃ and stirred for 120 minutes at a high speed, so that the modified pyrolysis oil solution for wood friction welding is obtained.
Next, the beech wood tenons with the length of 100mm and the diameter of 8mm are subjected to dipping treatment, and the welding depth is 40mm. Soaking wood tenons by using the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution, soaking the wood tenons with the length of not less than 60cm in the treatment solution, and soaking for 40min under the condition of ultrasonic treatment; after the dipping treatment, the wood tenons are dried by hot air until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent; and (5) drying the wood tenons for standby.
And pre-drilling on the pinus sylvestris base material which needs to be welded, wherein the pre-drilling hole diameter is 11mm, and the depth is 50mm.
Finally, welding the wood tenons subjected to the dipping pretreatment with the base materials subjected to the pre-drilling, and welding on the chord tangent plane of the pinus sylvestris; aligning the wood tenons with the holes of the base material, welding the wood tenons on the base material according to the rotating speed of 1950r/min and the feeding speed of 18mm/s, and stopping rotating after the wood tenons contact the bottoms of the reserved holes; and then, continuously controlling the clamping head to be motionless, keeping the wood tenons in a clamping state and fixing for 40s, and then loosening the wood tenons, and retracting the welding swivel to finish the wood rotary friction welding process.
The test pieces welded in the above process were subjected to strength and water resistance tests, respectively to test the dry tensile strength of the welded joint and the wet tensile strength of the welded joint after 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 10 days of immersion, and the wood tenons not subjected to the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution immersion treatment were welded as a control group 2. Referring to GB/T14018-2009, "method for testing grip strength of timber", tensile strength of nodes of samples and different states were measured by using a universal mechanical tester, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results of tensile Strength and Water resistance of pyrolysis oil enhanced spin welding Material
According to the results shown in table 1, in example 1, when the welding was performed with the zelkova and pinus sylvestris substrates, the dry tensile strength after the pyrolysis oil impregnation was 4165N, the tensile strength after the 10-day water resistance test was 3465N, and the dry strength of the untreated control group was 2780N, the strength after the water resistance test was rapidly reduced, and the strength was only 356N. Similarly, there was also a clear comparative effect on example 2 and control 2 of the elm wood and poplar base materials. Therefore, it is easy to find that the wood-tenon welded joint subjected to the impregnation treatment of the biomass pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution has better mechanical strength and water resistance.
The pyrolysis oil impregnating solution provided by the application is applied, the process method is simple, no additional processing equipment is needed, the process is environment-friendly, and the cost is saved. When the method is adopted to carry out the wood-tenon rotary welding, the use of externally added connecting substances such as adhesive, metal and the like is avoided, only a small amount of low-cost impregnating solution is used for treating the wood-tenon, no additional processing equipment is needed, the process is environment-friendly and low in cost, and the method has good development prospect in the processing process of products such as furniture, wood products, artificial boards and building materials.
Although the application has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications are possible in the construction and detail of the application disclosed within the spirit and scope thereof. The scope of the application is to be determined by the appended claims, and it is intended that the claims cover all modifications that are within the literal meaning or range of equivalents of the technical features of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for reinforcing a wood rotary friction welding node by using pyrolysis oil is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the application comprises the following steps:
a. dipping wood tenons to be subjected to rotary welding in pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution;
b. determining the pre-drilling diameter and the pre-drilling depth of the wood base material according to the base material breadth, the wood tenon diameter and the connection strength requirements;
c. welding the impregnated wood tenons with the pre-drilled base material;
the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-500 parts of pyrolysis oil, 1-15 parts of montmorillonite and 3-25 parts of quaternary ammonium salt substances, wherein acidic substances in the pyrolysis oil promote slight hydrolysis of contact parts of wood tenons and base materials, phenolic substances and lignin oligomers in the pyrolysis oil promote generation of mesh-shaped melt filling substances of a welding interface, the montmorillonite has good stability, improves interface water-resistant thermal performance, the quaternary ammonium salt substances are dispersed and modified in the impregnating solution, and the quaternary ammonium salt substances have certain antibacterial property and improve weather resistance of the welding interface.
2. The method for reinforcing a rotational friction welding joint of wood using pyrolysis oil according to claim 1, wherein: the dipping treatment in the step a comprises the steps of dipping a part of the wood tenons with the preset welding height of 15 mm-30 mm into pyrolysis oil dipping liquid, and then dipping for 30-50 min under the ultrasonic treatment condition; then the wood tenons are air-dried or hot air-dried until the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent; and (5) drying the wood tenons for standby.
3. The method for reinforcing a rotational friction welding joint of wood using pyrolysis oil according to claim 1, wherein: c, welding on a tangential plane of the base material, aligning the wood tenons with the holes of the base material, welding the wood tenons on the base material according to the rotating speed of 1500-2200 r/min and the feeding speed of 15-23 mm/s, and stopping rotating after the wood tenons contact the bottoms of the reserved holes; and then, continuously controlling the clamping head to be fixed, and after keeping the wood tenons in a clamping state and fixing 40-60 s, loosening the wood tenons and retracting the welding swivel.
4. The method for reinforcing a rotational friction welding joint of wood using pyrolysis oil according to claim 1, wherein: the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
200-400 parts of pyrolysis oil, 2-12 parts of montmorillonite and 6-20 parts of quaternary ammonium salt substances.
5. The method for reinforcing a rotational friction welding joint of wood using pyrolysis oil according to claim 1, wherein: the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
300 parts of pyrolysis oil, 6 parts of montmorillonite and 12 parts of quaternary ammonium salt substances.
6. The method for reinforcing a rotational friction welding joint of wood using pyrolysis oil according to claim 5, wherein: the quaternary ammonium salt substance is one or more of dimethyl double-sunflower-base ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
7. A method for preparing the pyrolysis oil montmorillonite solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Heating pyrolysis oil, montmorillonite and quaternary ammonium salt substances in proportion at 40-60 ℃;
2) Stirring the pyrolysis oil, the montmorillonite and the quaternary ammonium salt substances in the step 1) at a high speed for 100-150 min under the heating condition;
3) Standing the product of the step 2) to obtain pyrolysis oil impregnating solution.
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