CN110935955B - Bearing bush scraping method - Google Patents
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- CN110935955B CN110935955B CN201911289369.8A CN201911289369A CN110935955B CN 110935955 B CN110935955 B CN 110935955B CN 201911289369 A CN201911289369 A CN 201911289369A CN 110935955 B CN110935955 B CN 110935955B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
- B23D79/02—Machines or devices for scraping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing bush scraping method, which comprises a lower bearing bush scraping and an upper bearing bush scraping, wherein in the lower bearing bush scraping, a rotor coated with a dyeing material on a shaft neck is placed in a fixed lower bearing bush and the rotor is rotated for a plurality of circles, so that a protruding part on the surface of the lower bearing bush is dyed by the dyeing material to form a dyeing point, the distribution condition of the dyeing point is checked, the surface of the lower bearing bush is scraped by a scraper, the steps are repeated until the surface of the lower bearing bush is dyed by the dyeing material to form uniformly distributed color spots, and the contact angle between the lower bearing bush and the shaft neck reaches a preset value; and in the upper tile scraping, the top clearance between the upper tile and the rotor journal is measured by adopting a method of measuring the top clearance of the shaft tile by using a lead pressing wire, then the upper tile is scraped, and the steps are repeated until the top clearance between the upper tile and the journal reaches a preset value. The invention has convenient and simple implementation and high efficiency, can ensure that the shaft neck is in uniform and fine contact with the bearing bush, has a fit clearance, effectively improves the surface smoothness and the flatness of the bearing bush, ensures the formation of a stable oil film, reduces the abrasion and prolongs the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining of bearing bushes of fans, in particular to a bearing bush scraping method.
Background
The sliding bearing supports the rotating shaft by a smooth surface, so that the contact part is a surface, the sliding bearing works under sliding friction, the operation is stable and reliable, no noise exists, but the friction resistance is large when the sliding bearing is started (the rotating speed is low when the sliding bearing is started because the bearing bush needs to bear the weight of the rotor). The part of the shaft supported by the bearing is called a journal, a part matched with the journal to support the journal is called a bearing bush, the bearing bush consists of a bush body and a bearing liner (surface alloy), when the sliding bearing works, a layer of thin oil film is required between the bearing bush and the shaft to play a role of lubrication, the shaft and the bearing bush are separated by lubricating oil without direct contact, thereby greatly reducing friction loss and the abrasion of the surface alloy of the bearing bush, and the oil film also has stronger vibration absorption capacity. If poor lubrication exists, the bearing bush and the shaft can be directly rubbed, the friction can generate very high temperature, although the bearing bush is made of special alloy materials with certain high temperature resistance, the bearing bush can still be burnt out by the high temperature generated by the direct friction, and the bearing bush can also deform to burn out due to the factors of overlarge load, overhigh temperature, existence of impurities in lubricating oil or abnormal viscosity and the like.
The bearing bush scraping is to scrape the finely turned arc surface and the assembled shaft, usually the inner hole surface, the bush lining of the bearing bush is generally scraped, with the continuous improvement of modern processing technology, the side clearance of the finished bush can meet the requirement, the contact angle and the surface of the lower bush are scraped according to the condition that the on-site journal rotates, and a very thin oil film is required to play a role in lubrication between the bearing bush and the shaft when the sliding bearing works. The purpose of the bearing bush scraping is to form a circular geometric shape for a bearing bush lining, so that a wedge-shaped gap exists between the bearing bush and a journal, and a wedge-shaped oil film can be formed between friction surfaces when the journal rotates, so that the journal rises to leave the bearing bush lining and runs under the buoyancy action of the oil film, the friction with the bearing bush lining is reduced, the abrasion and the power consumption are reduced, heat generated during the operation of the bearing bush can be taken away by supplying oil to the bearing bush, a bearing is cooled, and a stable oil film with enough bearing capacity is formed between the bearing bush and the journal, so that liquid lubrication is ensured.
The better the smoothness and flatness of the bearing bush are, the more favorable the formation of an oil film (including the formation of a backlash oil belt), the more favorable the formation of the oil film is, an area for establishing oil pressure generated by the oil film is generally arranged in a lower bearing bush contact angle (namely, an oil film pressure area is arranged in the lower bearing bush contact angle), the smoothness and flatness of the surface of the bearing bush processed by the conventional bearing bush scraping method are low, and a stable oil film is difficult to form when the sliding bearing works, so that the friction resistance between a shaft and the bearing bush is large, the heat generated during operation is large, the abrasion is aggravated, the service life is short, the.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide a bearing bush scraping method which aims to improve the prior art and solve the problems that the bearing bush scraping method in the prior art is difficult to ensure that the surface of a bearing bush is smooth and the flatness meets the requirements, so that a stable oil film is difficult to form, the service life of a sliding bearing is influenced, the maintenance is frequent and the cost is high.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method of scraping a bearing bush, the steps comprising:
s1, cleaning and checking the bearing bush;
s2, bearing bush scraping, including lower bearing bush scraping and upper bearing bush scraping;
the lower shoe scraping comprises contact surface scraping, and the contact surface scraping comprises:
s2a1, placing the rotor with the shaft neck coated with the dyeing material into a fixed lower tile and rotating the rotor for a plurality of circles to enable the protruding part of the surface of the lower tile to be colored by the dyeing material to form a dyeing point, moving out the rotor, checking the distribution condition of the dyeing point, and scraping the surface of the lower tile by a scraper;
s2a2, repeating the step S2a1 until the surface of the lower tile is colored by a dyeing material to form uniformly distributed color spots, and enabling the contact angle between the lower tile and the shaft neck to reach a preset value;
the upper shoe scraping comprises top gap scraping, and the top gap scraping comprises:
s2b1, measuring the top gap between the upper tile and the rotor journal by adopting a method of measuring the top gap of the shaft tile by using a lead pressing wire, and then scraping the upper tile;
and S2b2, repeating the step S2b1 until the top clearance between the upper tile and the rotor journal reaches a preset value.
The bearing bush scraping method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the shaft neck and the bearing bush are in uniform and fine contact, a certain fit clearance is required, the bearing bush is cleaned before being scraped, the surface of the bearing bush is guaranteed to be clean, so that the rotor coated with the dyeing material can accurately color the protruding part of the lower bush surface to form a dyeing point, the precision of the bearing bush scraping is guaranteed, the bearing bush is checked to have the defects of stuffiness or blank noise, cracks, hard points, dense sand holes and the like, the integrity of the quality of the bearing bush is guaranteed, and the subsequent bearing bush scraping operation is avoided due to the defects of the bearing bush; the bearing bush scraping method is convenient and simple to implement, high in processing efficiency, capable of effectively improving the surface smoothness and the flatness of the bearing bush, beneficial to forming a stable oil film, and controlling the contact angle between the journal and the bearing bush, wherein the contact angle is too small to cause insufficient oil supply, so that the pressure of the bearing bush is increased, the bearing bush can generate larger deformation in serious cases, the abrasion is accelerated, the service life is shortened, the formation of the lubricating oil film is influenced by too large contact angle, good liquid lubrication cannot be obtained, and the bearing bush can be quickly abraded, so that the friction torque between the journal and the bearing bush is minimized by controlling the contact angle, the abrasion is reduced, the service life is prolonged, and the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost are reduced; the method for measuring the bearing bush jacking gap by adopting the lead pressing wire can accurately measure the jacking gap, then the upper bush is scraped according to the measured value, the oil pressure is low due to overlarge jacking gap, oil entering the bearing bush is quickly lost, the condition of oil film formation cannot be met, the oil film formation is poor, the bearing bush vibration is caused, the oil film thickness between a shaft neck and the bearing bush is insufficient or no oil film is generated due to undersize jacking gap, the bearing bush abrasion is caused, the oil temperature of the bearing bush is high, and the service life is seriously influenced.
Furthermore, the contact surface of the lower tile is scraped by adopting a cross scraping method in the contact surface scraping process, the cross scraping method is to change the scraping direction to form latticed scratches after one time of scraping along one direction, the included angle of the latticed scratches is 60-90 degrees, the smoothness and the flatness of the contact surface are improved, the scratches left in a single scraping direction are eliminated, the lubricating oil can smoothly flow in the running process, the lubricating oil cannot be hindered by the scratches, and a stable oil film is favorably formed.
Furthermore, after each scraping, metallographic abrasive paper is used for being stained on the contact surface of the lower tile by oil and friction, so that the smoothness and the flatness of the contact surface are improved.
Furthermore, after the contact angle between the lower tile and the shaft neck reaches a preset value in the contact surface scraping, small concave points are formed on the contact surface of the lower tile by the scraper tip, and the diameter of each small concave point is 25 mm/25 mm2The number of the small concave points is more than 25, the small concave points form micro oil storage concave points, the lubricity is improved, a stable oil film is formed between the journal and the bearing bush, the abrasion is reduced, the stable oil film is formed, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the bearing bush is prolonged.
The method for measuring the bearing bush top gap by pressing the lead wires comprises the steps of placing a rotor into a fixed lower bush, placing a first soft lead wire on two middle facets of the lower bush, placing a plurality of second soft lead wires on a shaft neck of the rotor, placing the plurality of second soft lead wires along the circumferential direction of the shaft neck in the length direction, placing the plurality of second soft lead wires at intervals along the axial direction of the shaft neck, buckling an upper bush, pre-tightening the upper bush and the lower bush, taking out the upper bush, and measuring the thickness of the first soft lead wires and the second soft lead wires after being flattened to obtain the top gap between the upper bush and the shaft neck of the rotor. The measuring precision is high, the top clearance between the upper bush and the rotor journal can reach an accurate preset value, a stable oil film can be formed, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the bearing bush is prolonged
Furthermore, the lower tile scraping also comprises a lower tile oil groove belt scraping before the contact surface scraping, wherein the lower tile oil groove belt scraping is to scrape a lower tile oil groove belt on the inner wall of a lower tile connected with the middle split surface of the lower tile, the length of the lower tile oil groove belt along the axial direction of the lower tile is 80-90% of the length of the lower tile shaft, the depth of the lower tile oil groove belt is 1-3 mm, lubricating oil is guided into the surface of a motion pair formed by the shaft neck and the bearing bush by the lower tile oil groove belt, a good condition is provided for the lubrication of the bearing bush, the lower tile oil groove belt is a belt-shaped oil groove capable of storing a large amount of lubricating oil, the lubrication and the cooling of the bearing bush and the shaft are facilitated, and the continuous and stable lubrication effect is ensured.
Further, the lower tile scraping further comprises lower tile side gap rough scraping between the lower tile oil groove belt scraping and the contact surface scraping, wherein the lower tile side gap rough scraping is to scrape two sides of the inner wall of the lower tile in the circumferential direction so that the inner walls of the two sides of the inner wall of the lower tile in the circumferential direction are not in contact with the shaft neck of the rotor, and the specific scraping range is the inner wall of the lower tile outside the preset contact angle value. The side clearance that the side clearance of lower tile was scraped to process out needs to be less than the design value, as long as lower tile inner wall both sides on week do not contact with the axle journal can, guarantee follow-up contact surface scraping's precision, just can scrape the side clearance to the design value after contact surface scraping reaches the contact angle default.
Further, the lower tile scraping also comprises lower tile side gap fine scraping after the contact surface scraping, wherein the lower tile side gap fine scraping is to scrape the inner wall of the lower tile except the preset value of the contact angle so that the unilateral side gap between the inner wall of the lower tile and the shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the diameter of the shaft neck, the lower tile side gap fine scraping can adopt forward scraping and then cross scraping to scrape the unparallel parts until the lower tile inner wall is scraped to meet the design requirement and is uniform and smooth, so that lubricating oil smoothly flows into the contact surface at the bottom of the lower tile in the running process, the lubricating oil is not obstructed by concave-convex and irregular scratches, and a wedge-shaped gap is formed so as to be convenient for stable oil film formation.
Further, the upper tile scraping also comprises an upper tile oil groove belt scraping before the top gap scraping, the upper tile oil groove belt scraping is to scrape an upper tile oil groove belt on the inner wall of an upper tile connected with the upper tile middle facet, the length of the upper tile oil groove belt along the axial direction of the upper tile is 80-90% of the axial length of the upper tile, and the depth of the upper tile oil groove belt is 1-3 mm.
Further, the upper tile scraping also comprises upper tile side gap rough scraping between the upper tile oil groove belt scraping and the top gap scraping, wherein the upper tile side gap rough scraping is to scrape two sides of the inner wall of the upper tile in the circumferential direction so as to enable the inner walls of the two sides of the upper tile in the circumferential direction to be not in contact with the shaft neck of the rotor; the upper tile scraping further comprises upper tile side gap fine scraping after the top gap scraping, wherein the upper tile side gap fine scraping is performed on inner walls on two sides of the upper tile circumferential direction, so that a single side gap between the inner walls on the two sides of the upper tile circumferential direction and a shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the shaft neck diameter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the bearing bush scraping method is convenient and simple to implement, high in machining efficiency, capable of enabling the shaft neck to be in uniform and fine contact with the bearing bush, accurate in fit clearance, capable of effectively improving the surface smoothness and the flatness of the bearing bush, capable of accurately controlling the contact angle between the shaft neck and the bearing bush, the top clearance and the like, capable of guaranteeing the formation of a stable oil film, capable of reducing abrasion, small in heat generation during operation, long in service life and capable of reducing maintenance frequency and cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a lower tile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the contact surface of the lower shoe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a method for measuring bearing bush top gap by lead pressing wire;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the placement of a soft lead wire I and a soft lead wire II in the method for measuring the bearing bush top gap by lead pressing wires;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the side and top clearances between the bearing shell and the journal.
The marks in the figure are respectively 1 and lower tile; 11. a lower tile oil groove belt; 12. a contact surface; 2. putting a tile; 31. a first soft lead wire; 32. and (5) soft lead wires II.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The bearing bush scraping method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention effectively improves the surface finish and flatness of the bearing bush, is beneficial to forming a stable and complete oil film, ensures that the shaft and the bearing bush are uniformly contacted, and each part is uniformly stressed and rubbed, generates little heat during operation, reduces abrasion, prolongs the service life, and reduces the maintenance frequency and cost.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a method for scraping a bearing bush mainly includes:
s1, cleaning the bearing bush to ensure the surface of the bearing bush to be clean; the method for repairing and welding the small defects on the surface of the bearing bush comprises the steps of checking whether the bearing bush has the defects of stuffy noise or hollow noise, cracks, hard spots, dense sand holes and the like, avoiding performing useless work on the bearing bush with the defects by scraping, and performing repairing and welding on the small defects on the surface of the bearing bush, wherein firstly, a small chisel is used for slightly cleaning the defect parts, and after the residual parts without the defects of cracks, loose tires, slag inclusion and the like are determined, hydrochloric acid is used for cleaning, when the repairing area is large, the bearing bush can be soaked in cold water to ensure that the repairing and welding parts are exposed out of the water surface, the temperature is strictly controlled to avoid the welding temperature exceeding 100 ℃ when welding is performed, otherwise, the welding is stopped for a moment, an intermittent method is used for performing welding, after cooling, a red copper rod or the smooth part at one end of the chisel is used for slightly knocking the bearing bush, and whether the phenomenon of dropping off is heard;
and S2, bearing bush scraping, including lower bush scraping and upper bush scraping, wherein the lower bush scraping is performed firstly, and then the upper bush scraping is performed, and the upper bush scraping can be performed only after the lower bush scraping process is completed because the lower bush needs to bear the stress of the rotor.
The lower tile scraping comprises the sequential scraping of a lower tile oil tank belt, the rough scraping of a lower tile side gap, the scraping of a contact surface and the fine scraping of the lower tile side gap;
the lower tile oil groove belt is scraped on the inner wall of a lower tile, which is connected with the middle split surface of the lower tile, to form a lower tile oil groove belt, the length of the lower tile oil groove belt along the axial direction of the lower tile is 80-90% of the axial length of the lower tile, the depth of the lower tile oil groove belt is 1-3 mm, the circumferential width of the lower tile oil groove belt on the inner wall of the lower tile is 30-40 mm, an oil inlet hole of the lower tile is plugged, the lower tile oil groove belt is arranged on two sides of the lower tile, the size from the end part of the upper tile oil groove belt to the end surface of the lower tile axial direction is 8-15 mm or 25mm, the lower tile oil groove belt is specifically arranged according to the size of the bearing bush, the lower tile oil groove belt can be formed by mechanical processing and can also be formed by manual scraping, and the lower tile oil groove belt can contain a large;
the method comprises the following steps that the side gap position between a lower tile and a shaft neck extends to a specified working contact surface from a joint surface of the lower tile, the side gap rough scraping of the lower tile is to roughly scrape two sides of the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the lower tile so that the inner wall of the circumferential direction of the lower tile is not contacted with the shaft neck of a rotor (in order to save time during maintenance, a standard sample shaft can be adopted for conducting), the standard sample shaft is placed in the surface of the lower tile and rotates for more than one circle, a clearance between two sides is measured by a feeler gauge, the single-side gaps on two sides of the tile are roughly scraped to be about 0.10mm and uniform according to obtained data, the side gap between the lower tile and the shaft neck which is roughly scraped is smaller than a design value, the specific scraping range is the inner wall of the lower tile outside a preset contact angle value, and the side gap rough scraping of the lower tile is carried out by a cross method, so that a plurality of tool marks left by the;
the contact surface scraping comprises:
s2a1, placing the lower tile into a supporting seat, enabling the middle split surface of the lower tile to be parallel to the middle split surface of the supporting seat (adjusted by a red copper bar), then hanging a rotor, which is coated with a dyeing material (red lead powder or carbon paper can be used for color touch, and a thin and uniform layer of red lead powder or carbon paper is coated on the upper surface of the shaft neck for color touch, but the rotor cannot be too thick, otherwise, the accuracy of inspection work can be directly influenced, because the rotor is too thick, some places which do not need to be scraped are 'dyed'), into the fixed lower tile, rotating the rotor for two to three circles to enable the protruding part on the surface of the lower tile to be dyed by the dyeing material to form a dyed point, lifting the rotor out, inspecting the distribution condition of the dyed point, and scraping the surface of the lower tile by a scraper;
s2a2, repeating the step S2a1 until the surface of the lower tile is colored by the dyeing material to form uniformly distributed color spots, enabling the contact angle between the lower tile and the journal to reach a preset value (the contact angle refers to the central angle of the contact surface between the journal and the sliding bearing, and the friction torque is minimum when the contact angle is 60 degrees), and after the contact angle between the lower tile and the journal reaches the preset value, forming small concave points on the contact surface of the lower tile by using the scraper tip, wherein each 25mm is 25mm2The number of the small inner concave points is more than 25 points, and the movement distance of the scraper is less than 5mm when the small concave points are formed;
specifically, the contact surface of the lower tile is scraped by adopting a cross scraping method in the contact surface scraping, the cross scraping method is to change the scraping direction to form grid-shaped scratches after one time of scraping along one direction, the included angle of the grid-shaped scratches is 60-90 degrees, the step S2a1 is performed for the first time for rough scraping, the movement distance of a scraper during the rough scraping is not more than 30-40 mm, when the coverage area of a dyeing point reaches more than 50%, fine scraping is performed, the included angle of the cutter point of the scraper and a curved surface is 45 degrees during the fine scraping, and the movement distance of the scraper is not more than 10 mm; scraping the dyed dots from large to small by a scraper, from deep to light and from sparse to dense, wherein the large dyed dots can be broken into dense small dots by the scraper in the scraping process, and are gradually scraped until the requirements are met after multiple times of scraping; the scraper is ground into a circular arc shape and is sharp, the motion trail is spiral, the contact surface of the lower tile is cleaned after each scraping, metallographic abrasive paper is stained on the contact surface of the upper tile and used for rubbing the lower tile after each scraping, other abrasive paper and abrasive cloth with large granularity cannot be used, the tile surface cannot be rubbed forcibly, and sand grains are easily embedded into the tile surface due to the fact that the tile surface (babbitt metal) is softer. When the contact surface scraping meets the requirement and is uniformly distributed, a contact spot can be formed in the lower bearing shell at 60 degrees, the actual contact point number on a unit area can be used for representing according to the actual contact condition of the journal and the surface of the bearing shell, and the more, the thinner and the more uniform the contact point is, the better the sliding bearing is scraped, so that the friction between the bearing shell and the journal in the running process is reduced. The rotor levelness can be checked on the journal surface by using a square frame level meter for many times during the scraping process.
The lower tile side gap fine scraping is to finely scrape the lower tile inner wall except for the preset value of the contact angle, so that the unilateral side gap between the lower tile inner wall and the shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the diameter of the shaft neck, the lower tile side gap can be smoothly scraped, then the lower tile side gap is alternately scraped, non-parallel scraping is carried out until the lower tile side gap is scraped to meet the design requirement and is even and smooth, lubricating oil can smoothly flow into the contact surface at the bottom of the lower tile in the running process, the lower tile side gap is not obstructed by concave-convex and irregular scratches, and the wedge-shaped gap is formed so as to be convenient for stabilizing the oil. And scraping the lower tile with the contact surface meeting the requirement, measuring the side gaps at the two sides of the rough scraping by using a 150-200 mm feeler gauge under the static state of a bearing rotor, and slightly and respectively scraping the side gaps at the two sides of the lower tile according to the measured data on the basis of leaving the allowance of the rough scraping. The side gap is used for dissipating heat, and lubricating oil flows out of a part and takes away the heat; the lubricating oil is accumulated and cooled to form an oil film, and most of the lubricating oil can run off from the side surface when the side gap is too large, so that the lubricating oil quantity required by the bearing bush is reduced, the pressure of an oil wedge is reduced, the oil film is difficult to establish and maintain, the bearing bush and a journal are easy to rub with each other to generate heat to cause certain vibration, and the bearing bush is severely damaged by pulling; the oil wedge size is reduced due to the excessively small side clearance, so that insufficient oil supply is caused, lubricating oil cannot smoothly enter a contact area to meet the demand of the bearing bush, the heat dissipation is difficult, the oil delivery amount is reduced, the bearing bush generates heat due to the increased temperature, and the bearing bush is directly rubbed by a shaft neck and the bearing bush to cause bush burning and locking.
The upper tile scraping comprises upper tile oil tank belt scraping, upper tile side gap rough scraping, top gap scraping and upper tile side gap fine scraping which are sequentially carried out;
the upper tile oil groove belt is scraped to form an upper tile oil groove belt on the inner wall of an upper tile connected with the middle split surface of the upper tile, the length of the upper tile oil groove belt along the axial direction of the upper tile is 80-90% of the length of an upper tile shaft, the depth of the upper tile oil groove belt is 1-3 mm, the circumferential width of the upper tile oil groove belt on the inner wall of the upper tile is 30-40 mm, the size from the end part of the upper tile oil groove belt to the end surface of the upper tile in the axial direction of the upper tile is 8-15 mm or 25mm, the upper tile oil groove belt is specifically arranged according to the size of the bearing tile, the upper tile oil groove belt can be formed by machining and can also be formed by manual scraping, the upper tile oil groove belt can store a large amount of lubricating oil, and the lubrication and;
the upper tile side gap rough scraping is to scrape the two sides of the upper tile inner wall in the circumferential direction after the upper tile oil groove belt is formed so that the two side inner walls in the circumferential direction of the upper tile are not contacted with the shaft neck of the rotor (in order to save time during maintenance, a standard sample shaft can be adopted for carrying out the rough scraping, the sample shaft is selected according to the diameter of the shaft), the standard sample shaft is placed in the surface of the lower tile and rotates for more than one circle, a clearance between the two sides is measured by a feeler gauge, the single side gaps on the two sides of the upper tile are respectively rough-scraped to be about 0.10mm and uniform according to the obtained data, the side gaps between the upper tile and the shaft neck, which are roughly scraped by the upper tile side gap, are smaller than the designed value, and the upper tile side gap rough scraping is carried out by adopting a cross method;
the top gap scraping comprises:
s2b1, measuring the top gap between the upper tile and the rotor journal by adopting a method of measuring the top gap of the shaft tile by using a lead pressing wire, and then scraping the upper tile;
s2b2, repeating the step S2b1 until the top clearance between the upper tile and the rotor journal reaches a preset value (the preset value of the top clearance is 1.5/1000-2/1000 of the diameter of the journal, and the preset value of the side clearance is 0.5-0.6 of the top clearance).
The method for measuring the bearing bush top gap by the lead pressing wire comprises the steps of placing a rotor into a fixed lower bush, respectively placing a flat gasket (a graphite gasket, the width of which is 30mm and the thickness of which is 0.5mm) on two middle split surfaces of the lower bush, placing a soft lead wire I, the diameter of which is less than 1mm, beside the flat gasket on the two middle split surfaces of the lower bush, placing a plurality of soft lead wires II, the diameter of which is less than 1mm, on a shaft neck of the rotor, placing the soft lead wires II along the circumferential direction of the shaft neck at intervals along the axial direction of the shaft neck, buckling an upper bush, pre-tightening the upper bush and the lower bush, taking out the upper bush, measuring the thicknesses of the soft lead wires I and the soft lead wires II after being flattened by a micrometer to obtain the top gap between the upper bush and the shaft neck of the rotor, and obtaining the top gap between the soft lead wires II and the thickness of the soft lead wire I, wherein the thickness of the soft lead wire II is equal to the top gap, such as: the top gap is 0.32mm to 0.52 mm-0.20 mm, and is consistent with the shaft with the diameter of 160 mm.
The upper tile side gap fine scraping is to finely scrape the inner walls of the two sides in the upper tile circumferential direction so that the single side gap between the inner walls of the two sides in the upper tile circumferential direction and the shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the diameter of the shaft neck, and the smooth scraping can be adopted, then the cross scraping is carried out, and the non-parallel scraping is carried out until the design requirements are met and the uniform and smooth scraping is carried out.
When the top clearance is too large, the scraping amount is quite small, generally the scraping amount is a few wires, and great care needs to be taken when the top clearance is reduced by processing the middle dividing surface of the upper tile. And in order to ensure the planeness after scraping, a standard flat ruler or other inspection needs to be carried out at times in the scraping process, and the inspection is repeatedly carried out. And after the flatness meets the requirement, matching the bearing bush with the shaft neck, and checking whether the top clearance meets the requirement by using a method for measuring the top clearance of the bearing bush by using a lead pressing wire.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of scraping a bearing bush, comprising:
s1, cleaning and checking the bearing bush;
s2, bearing bush scraping, including lower bearing bush scraping and upper bearing bush scraping;
the lower shoe scraping comprises contact surface scraping, and the contact surface scraping comprises:
s2a1, placing the rotor with the shaft neck coated with the dyeing material into a fixed lower tile, rotating the rotor for a plurality of circles to enable the protruding part of the surface of the lower tile to be colored by the dyeing material to form a dyeing point, moving the rotor out, checking the distribution condition of the dyeing point, scraping the surface of the lower tile by using a scraper, scraping the contact surface of the lower tile by using a cross scraping method in the contact surface scraping, wherein the cross scraping method is to change the scraping direction after one-time scraping along one direction to form a latticed scratch, the included angle of the latticed scratch is 60-90 degrees, and after each time of scraping, the metallographic abrasive paper is used for dipping the oil to rub the contact surface of the lower tile;
s2a2, repeating the step S2a1 until the surface of the lower tile is colored by a dyeing material to form uniformly distributed color spots, and enabling the contact angle between the lower tile and the shaft neck to reach a preset value, wherein the preset value is 60 degrees;
the upper shoe scraping comprises top gap scraping, and the top gap scraping comprises:
s2b1, measuring the top gap between the upper tile and the rotor journal by adopting a method of measuring the top gap of the shaft tile by using a lead pressing wire, and then scraping the upper tile;
and S2b2, repeating the step S2b1 until the top clearance between the upper tile and the rotor journal reaches a preset value.
2. Bearing shell scraping method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the contact angle between the lower shell and the journal has reached a predetermined value during the contact surface scraping, a scraper tip is used to form small pits every 25 x 25mm on the contact surface of the lower shell2The number of the small concave points is more than 25 points.
3. The bearing bush scraping method according to claim 1, wherein the method for measuring the bearing bush top clearance by pressing the lead wire comprises the steps of placing a rotor into a fixed lower bush, placing a first soft lead wire with the diameter of less than 1mm on two split surfaces of the lower bush, placing a plurality of second soft lead wires with the diameter of less than 1mm on a shaft neck of the rotor, buckling an upper bush and pre-tightening the upper bush and the lower bush, taking out the upper bush, and measuring the thickness of the first soft lead wire and the second soft lead wire after being flattened to obtain the top clearance between the upper bush and the shaft neck of the rotor, wherein the length direction of the second soft lead wires is along the circumferential direction of the shaft neck, the plurality of second soft lead wires are placed at intervals along the axial direction of the shaft neck, and the length of the second soft lead wires is 300-400 times of the preset top clearance.
4. The bearing shell scraping method according to claim 1, wherein the lower shell scraping further comprises a lower shell oil groove belt scraping before the contact surface scraping, the lower shell oil groove belt scraping is to scrape a lower shell oil groove belt on the inner wall of the lower shell engaged with the lower shell center plane, the length of the lower shell oil groove belt along the axial direction of the lower shell is 80-90% of the axial length of the lower shell, and the depth of the lower shell oil groove belt is 1-3 mm.
5. The bearing bush scraping method according to claim 4, wherein the lower bush scraping further comprises lower bush side gap rough scraping between the lower bush oil groove belt scraping and the contact surface scraping, wherein the lower bush side gap rough scraping is scraping on two sides of the inner wall of the lower bush in the circumferential direction so that the inner wall of the lower bush in the circumferential direction is not in contact with the journal of the rotor, and the scraping range is the inner wall of the lower bush outside the preset contact angle value.
6. The bearing bush scraping method according to claim 5, wherein the lower bush scraping further comprises lower bush side gap scraping after the contact surface scraping, and the lower bush side gap scraping is performed on the inner wall of the lower bush outside a preset contact angle value so that a single side gap between the inner wall of the lower bush and the shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the diameter of the shaft neck.
7. The bearing shell scraping method according to claim 1, wherein the upper shell scraping further comprises an upper shell groove belt scraping before the top gap scraping, the upper shell groove belt scraping is to scrape an upper shell groove belt on an inner wall of the upper shell engaged with the upper shell center plane, the upper shell groove belt has a length along the upper shell axial direction of 80-90% of the upper shell axial length, and the upper shell groove belt has a depth of 1-3 mm.
8. The bearing shell scraping method according to claim 7, wherein the upper shell scraping further comprises upper shell side gap rough scraping between the upper shell oil groove belt scraping and the top gap scraping, wherein the upper shell side gap rough scraping is to scrape both sides of the inner wall of the upper shell in the circumferential direction so that the inner walls of both sides of the upper shell in the circumferential direction do not contact with the journal of the rotor; the upper tile scraping further comprises upper tile side gap fine scraping after the top gap scraping, wherein the upper tile side gap fine scraping is performed on the inner walls of two sides of the upper tile in the circumferential direction, so that the unilateral side gap between the inner walls of the two sides of the upper tile in the circumferential direction and the shaft neck is 1/1000-1/1200 of the diameter of the shaft neck.
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| CN113267113B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-29 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Method for testing assembly precision of radial sliding bearing |
| CN114986077B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2024-04-09 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Repairing method for spindle unit of high-precision numerical control grinding machine |
| CN118123596A (en) * | 2024-05-07 | 2024-06-04 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Generator bearing bush elevation adjustment method |
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| CN108393542A (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Scraping and repairing method for sliding bearing of centrifugal blower |
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| CN102248224A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-23 | 南京梅山冶金发展有限公司 | Scraping method of main bearing shell of ball mill |
| CN203629521U (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-06-04 | 浙江浙能嘉兴发电有限公司 | Apparatus for measuring difference between labyrinth clearance and thrust pad thickness of steam turbine |
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