CN110934671B

CN110934671B - Artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN110934671B
Application number: CN201911292622.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程学进; 裴旭; 薛建勋; 杨大春
Original assignee: Huaiyin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Huaiyin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-16
Also published as: CN110934671A

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis, which comprises a ring body, wherein the top of the ring body is connected with a top plate, the bottom of the ring body is connected with a bottom plate, and the middle part of the side wall of the ring body is inwards sunken; the ring body in be equipped with a plurality of annular through-holes, every annular through-hole all along the circumference shaping of ring body, all be equipped with a plurality of air vents between annular through-hole and the ring body inner chamber, utilize the air vent to communicate annular through-hole and ring body inner chamber. According to the invention, the annular through hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the ring body through the vent hole arranged on the ring body, so that the phenomenon that the deformation of the annular through hole is inhibited by the air pressure of the gas in the annular through hole due to the formation of a closed cavity in the annular through hole with a smaller volume is avoided, and the elastic deformation capability of the ring body is further improved; the particles generated by abrasion of the annular through hole of the ring body in the deformation process are timely and quickly discharged out of the annular through hole, and the particles are prevented from further continuously rubbing with the hole wall of the annular through hole in the annular through hole with frequent deformation to cause abrasion aggravation.

Description

Artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial cervical intervertebral discs, and particularly relates to an artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis.

Background

The spine plays important roles of load conduction, movement and protection of spinal nerve roots and anterior organs in a human body, and is divided into cervical vertebra, thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra, sacrum and the like, wherein the structure of the cervical vertebra is complex and is much larger than the mobility of the thoracic vertebra and the lumbar vertebra, and the spine plays an extremely important role in daily life of people. As a complex mechanical system, vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs and zygapophyseal joints, ligaments and musculature are involved. The intervertebral disc is the main connecting structure between the vertebral bodies, the upper cartilage end plate and the lower cartilage end plate and the fiber ring seal the nucleus pulposus together to form a whole body, and the intervertebral disc is extremely rich in elasticity and plays the roles of buffering external force, protecting the spine and reducing spinal cord injury. The fiber bundles of the fiber ring are mutually obliquely and crossly overlapped, so that the fiber ring becomes a solid tissue and can bear larger bending and torsion loads; especially, the cervical intervertebral discs are far more bending and torsional loads than the thoracic and lumbar intervertebral discs because the neck range of motion is far greater than the thoracic and lumbar regions.

With the development of modern industry, the change of life and working modes and the aging of population, the incidence rate of cervical spondylosis is on the trend of rising year by year, and if the cervical spondylosis is not treated in time, symptoms such as dizziness, neck pain, incapability of walking, incapability of holding objects and the like can appear, which brings great inconvenience to daily life. The degeneration and protrusion of cervical intervertebral disc is one of the most frequent causes of cervical spondylosis. Surgical replacement of a damaged cervical disc with a cervical disc prosthesis is a common treatment. However, the existing cervical intervertebral disc prostheses are generally divided into two types, one type is an upper split type and a lower split type, and the upper part and the lower part can be rotatably connected; however, the cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis is abraded in the using process, and abraded particles can cause inflammation. The other is in a U-shaped structure, but the prosthesis with the structure has limited deformation direction, the patient can swing relatively easily in the front-back direction, and the lateral swing amplitude and difficulty are large, so that the use of the patient is inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis which is convenient for neck movement and can remove particles generated by abrasion in the using process in time.

The technical scheme is as follows: the novel metal wire rope comprises a ring body, wherein the top of the ring body is connected with a top plate, the bottom of the ring body is connected with a bottom plate, and the middle of the side wall of the ring body is inwards sunken; the ring body in be equipped with a plurality of annular through-holes, every annular through-hole all along the circumference shaping of ring body, all be equipped with a plurality of air vents between annular through-hole and the ring body inner wall, utilize the air vent to communicate annular through-hole and ring body inner chamber.

The top plate below be equipped with the pendulum rod, the pendulum rod be located the ring body inner chamber, the top of pendulum rod is equipped with the bulb, the bulb matches with the recess of top plate bottom, the outside cover of pendulum rod have the limiting plate, limiting plate and top plate fixed.

The inner diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the swing rod and smaller than the diameter of the ball head, so that the swing rod can swing in the limiting plate, and neck movement of a patient after an operation is guaranteed.

The bottom of pendulum rod is equipped with the notch, installs the spring in the notch, the end and the bottom plate of spring are fixed for the bottom plate passes through the spring and is connected the back with the pendulum rod, is connected for the roof swing, has guaranteed the neck activity of patient's postoperative.

The top surface of the bottom plate is provided with a counter bore groove at a position corresponding to the spring, and the tail end of the spring is positioned in the counter bore groove.

The top surface of roof and the bottom surface of bottom plate all are equipped with the riser, play interim fixed action to artifical intervertebral disc replacement postoperative.

The air vent is along the direction downward sloping by the directional ring body inner chamber of annular through-hole, is convenient for discharge annular through-hole fast in time with the particle that annular through-hole wearing and tearing produced in deformation process, avoids the particle to further continue the friction with the pore wall of annular through-hole in the frequent annular through-hole of deformation and leads to wearing and tearing aggravation.

The air vents are uniformly distributed along the axial lead of the annular through hole, and through the structure of the air vents, particles generated by abrasion of the annular through hole of the ring body in the deformation process are timely and quickly discharged out of the annular through hole, so that the particles are prevented from further continuously rubbing with the hole wall of the annular through hole in the annular through hole with frequent deformation to cause abrasion aggravation.

The vent holes of the annular through holes and the vent holes of the adjacent annular through holes are distributed in a staggered mode, so that stress distribution is uniform when the ring body is stressed.

The pass section of the annular through hole is circular, oval, rhombic or regular polygonal, and when the pass section of the annular through hole is oval, rhombic or regular polygonal, the straight line of the longer symmetry axis passes through the circle center of the side wall, inwards recessed, of the ring body.

Has the advantages that: the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the side wall of the ring body adopts a middle concave structure, so that the ring body can bear certain acting force and deform inwards, the prosthesis can adapt to the movement of the neck of a patient in daily use, and the prosthesis is inwards concave when being deformed due to local bearing action in the movement process of the neck, and cannot deform outwards to press peripheral nerves or other tracheal tissues;

(2) the middle part of the ring body is of a concave structure, so that enough space can be reserved on the periphery of the prosthesis, the operation space is enough, and the blood at the corresponding position can be discharged outwards in time;

(3) through the annular through hole in the ring body, the elastic deformation capability of the ring body is stronger, and the neck movement of a patient after the operation is more facilitated;

(4) when the neck of a patient moves after an operation, when the neck swings to one side of the neck, the corresponding side of the ring body of the prosthesis is stressed and compressed, and the other opposite side of the ring body is stretched to generate restoring force, so that the patient is prevented from being injured due to excessive freedom of the prosthesis in the swinging process;

(5) the annular through hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the ring body through the vent hole arranged on the ring body, so that the phenomenon that the air pressure of air in the annular through hole generates an inhibiting effect on the deformation of the annular through hole due to the fact that a closed cavity is formed in the annular through hole with a smaller volume is avoided, and the elastic deformation capability of the ring body is further improved;

(6) through the structure of the vent hole, particles generated by abrasion of the annular through hole of the ring body in the deformation process are timely and quickly discharged out of the annular through hole, and the particles are prevented from further continuously rubbing with the hole wall of the annular through hole in the annular through hole with frequent deformation to cause the abrasion aggravation;

(7) the inner cavity of the ring body can be completely sealed and isolated from the outer part of the ring body through the annular connecting groove and the connecting ring arranged on the ring body, so that the inflammation of a patient caused by the substance in the inner cavity of the ring body leaking out of the ring body is avoided, and meanwhile, the ring body is connected with the top plate and the bottom plate in a positioning manner, so that the ring body, the top plate and the bottom plate are convenient to install;

(8) the thickness of the prosthesis can be conveniently adjusted under the action of the swing rod and the spring, so that the applicability of the prosthesis can be improved;

(9) the hole-shaped section of the annular through hole is circular, oval, rhombic or regular polygonal, so that the annular through hole of the ring body can be deformed under the action of stress;

(10) the ball head arranged at the top of the swing rod is connected with the spherical cambered surface groove of the top plate, so that the bottom plate can swing and be connected with the swing rod through the spring and relative to the top plate, and the neck movement of a patient after an operation is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention comprises a ring body 1, wherein the ring body 1 is a cylindrical hollow cavity structure prepared by 3D printing of medical titanium alloy and cobalt-chromium alloy, and the middle part of the side wall of the ring body is recessed inwards, so that the ring body 1 can bear certain acting force and deform inwards; therefore, the prosthesis can adapt to the movement of the neck of a patient in daily use, and the prosthesis is inwards sunken when being locally subjected to action and deformed in the movement process of the neck, so that the prosthesis cannot be outwards deformed to press the peripheral nerves or other tracheal tissues. Due to the concave structure in the middle of the ring body 1, enough space can be left around the prosthesis, which is convenient for the operation to have enough operation space and is also convenient for the blood at the corresponding position to be discharged outwards in time.

The top of ring body 1 is connected with roof 2, and the bottom is connected with bottom plate 3, and the bottom of roof 2 is corresponding to the top of ring body 1, and the top of bottom plate 3 is corresponding to the bottom of ring body 1 and is equipped with annular spread groove 13 respectively. The top and the bottom of the ring body 1 are respectively provided with a connecting ring 14 matched with the annular connecting groove 13, and the connecting rings 14 and the annular connecting groove 13 are welded and fixed, so that the inner cavity of the ring body 1 is completely isolated from the outside of the ring body 1 in a sealing manner, and the inflammation of a patient caused by the fact that substances in the inner cavity of the ring body 1 are leaked out of the ring body 1 is avoided. The top surface of the top plate 2 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 3 are respectively provided with a vertical plate 15 which plays a role in temporary fixation after the artificial intervertebral disc replacement.

Be equipped with a plurality of annular through-holes 4 in the ring body 1, a plurality of annular through-holes 4 are in proper order along the even distribution of axial lead interval of ring body 1, and every annular through-hole 4 all forms along the circumference of ring body 1. A plurality of vent holes 6 are uniformly arranged between each annular through hole 4 and the inner wall of the ring body 1 at intervals, the vent holes 6 are uniformly distributed along the axis of the annular through hole 4, and the vent holes 6 are inclined downwards along the direction pointing to the inner cavity of the ring body 1 from the annular through hole 4, so that particles generated by abrasion of the annular through hole 4 in the deformation process are timely and quickly discharged, and the particles are prevented from further continuously rubbing with the hole wall of the annular through hole 4 in the annular through hole 4 with frequent deformation to cause abrasion aggravation. The annular through hole 4 is communicated with the inner cavity of the ring body 1 through the vent hole 6, so that the phenomenon that the deformation of the annular through hole 4 is inhibited by the air pressure of air in the annular through hole 4 due to the fact that a closed cavity is formed in the annular through hole 4 with a small size is avoided, and the elastic deformation capability of the ring body 1 is further improved. The vent holes 6 of any one annular through hole 4 are distributed in a staggered way with the vent holes 6 of the adjacent annular through hole 4, so that the stress distribution is uniform when the prosthesis is stressed. The hole-shaped cross section of the annular through hole 4 is circular, oval, rhombic or regular polygonal, so that the annular through hole 4 of the ring body 1 can deform under the action of stress. When the hole-shaped cross section of the annular through holes 4 is oval, rhombic or regular polygonal, the straight line of the longer symmetry axis passes through the center of the inwardly sunken side wall of the ring body 1, so that the annular through holes 4 are uniformly distributed.

Through the annular through hole 4, the elastic deformation capacity of the ring body 1 is stronger, and the neck movement of a patient in life after an operation is facilitated; when the neck of a patient moves after an operation, when the neck swings to one side of the neck, the corresponding side of the ring body 1 of the prosthesis is stressed and compressed, and the other opposite side of the ring body 1 is stretched to generate restoring force, so that the patient is prevented from being injured due to excessive freedom of the prosthesis in the swinging process; through the structure of air vent 6 for annular through-hole 4 of ring body 1 in time discharges annular through-hole 4 fast at the particle that deformation in-process wearing and tearing produced, avoids the particle to further continue the friction with the pore wall of annular through-hole 4 in the frequent annular through-hole 4 of deformation and leads to wearing and tearing aggravation.

A swing rod 7 is arranged below the top plate 2, the swing rod 7 is positioned in the inner cavity of the ring body 1, the swing rod 7 adopts a symmetrical structure, and the symmetrical axis is the axis line of the ring body 1. The top of the swing rod 7 is provided with a ball head 5, and the bottom of the top plate 2 is provided with a spherical cambered surface groove 16 correspondingly matched with the ball head 5. The outer side of the oscillating rod 7 is sleeved with an annular limiting plate 17, the diameter of an inner hole of the annular limiting plate 17 is larger than the outer diameter of the oscillating rod 7 and smaller than the diameter of the ball head 5, and the annular limiting plate 17 is fixed at the bottom of the top plate 2 through a fastening bolt. A notch 8 is formed in the bottom of the oscillating rod 7, a spring 10 is fixed in the notch 8, and one end of the spring 10 is in contact with the bottom of the notch 8; the other end of the spring 10 is fixed with a counter bore groove 9 provided on the top surface of the bottom plate 3. The swing rod 7 is connected with the bottom plate 3 through the spring 10, the spring 10 is provided with pre-compression force, the spring 10 generates pre-compression force after being installed, the effect of reducing the supporting force of the ring body 1 is achieved, the ring body 1 can be designed to be thinner, deformation is facilitated, and the requirement of the physiological activity of cervical vertebra is met. The thickness of the prosthesis can be adjusted through the action of the swing rod 7 and the spring 10, so that the applicability of the prosthesis is improved; the ball head 5 arranged at the top of the swing rod 7 is connected with the spherical cambered surface groove 16 of the top plate 2, so that the bottom plate 3 can swing and be connected with the swing rod 7 through the spring 10 relative to the top plate 2, and the neck movement of a patient after an operation is ensured.

When in use, the spring 10 is coaxially arranged in the ring body 1 in a penetrating way, one end of the spring 10 is inserted into the notch 8 of the oscillating bar 7, and the other end is inserted into the counter bore groove 9; then, the connecting rings 14 at the top and the bottom of the ring body 1 are respectively and correspondingly placed in the annular connecting grooves 13 of the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, and the vent holes 6 are ensured to be inclined downwards along the direction from the annular through hole 4 to the inner cavity of the ring body 1; the height between the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 is adjusted according to the height of the cervical intervertebral disc of the patient, so that the thickness of the prosthesis is matched with the height of the cervical intervertebral disc of the patient, and the connecting ring 14 is fixed with the annular connecting groove 13; the prosthesis of the present application is finally placed on the cervical intervertebral disc of the patient.

Claims

1. An artificial cervical intervertebral disc prosthesis is characterized by comprising a ring body, wherein the top of the ring body is connected with a top plate, the bottom of the ring body is connected with a bottom plate, and the middle part of the side wall of the ring body is inwards sunken; the internal a plurality of annular through holes that are equipped with of ring, every annular through hole all follows the circumference shaping of ring body, annular through hole with all be equipped with a plurality of air vents between the ring inner wall, utilize the air vent will annular through hole with ring inner chamber intercommunication, the air vent along by annular through hole is directional ring inner chamber's direction downward sloping, the air vent along ring through hole's axial lead evenly distributed, roof below be equipped with the pendulum rod, the pendulum rod be located ring inner chamber, the top of pendulum rod is equipped with the bulb, the bulb with the recess of roof bottom matches, the outside cover of pendulum rod have the limiting plate, the limiting plate with the roof is fixed, the bottom of pendulum rod is equipped with the notch, install the spring in the notch, the end of spring with the bottom plate is fixed.

2. The artificial cervical disc prosthesis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the outer diameter of the swing link and smaller than the diameter of the ball head.

3. The prosthesis of claim 1, wherein a counter bore groove is formed at a position of the top surface of the bottom plate corresponding to the spring, and a tip end of the spring is positioned in the counter bore groove.

4. The prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the top surface of the top plate and the bottom surface of the bottom plate are both provided with a vertical plate.

5. The artificial cervical disc prosthesis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ventilation holes of the annular through holes are staggered with the ventilation holes of the adjacent annular through holes.

6. The artificial cervical disc prosthesis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hole-shaped cross section of the annular through hole is circular, oval, diamond or regular polygon, and when the hole-shaped cross section of the annular through hole is oval, diamond or regular polygon, the straight line of the longer symmetry axis passes through the center of the inwardly recessed sidewall of the ring body.