CN110931896A - Lithium ion battery temperature management system - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery temperature management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110931896A CN110931896A CN201911192549.4A CN201911192549A CN110931896A CN 110931896 A CN110931896 A CN 110931896A CN 201911192549 A CN201911192549 A CN 201911192549A CN 110931896 A CN110931896 A CN 110931896A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium ion battery temperature management system, comprising: the system comprises a battery management system, a temperature control module and an information acquisition module; the information acquisition module acquires the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module, and feeds back the temperature data of the lithium battery module and each lithium battery in the module to the battery management system; the battery management system judges whether each temperature is higher than 35 ℃ according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and if the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the battery management system controls the cooling system to cool the corresponding lithium battery; the battery management system judges whether each temperature is lower than 5 ℃ or not according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery if the temperature is lower than 5 ℃. The system can keep the working temperature of the lithium ion battery in a consistent range, thereby improving the safety of the lithium ion battery in the operation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery temperature management system.
Background
The power battery is used as a main energy storage form of the new energy automobile, and the performance of the power battery directly influences and restricts the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the safety of the new energy automobile.
Compared with other types of batteries, the lithium ion battery has specific advantages in energy density, power density, service life and safety, and is the mainstream of the battery for the electric vehicle at present. However, the lithium ion battery is used as a high-density energy carrier, the lithium ion battery can run for a long time along with an electric automobile, encountered road conditions and climate are complex and variable, and particularly, the influence of the working temperature on the electrochemical performance, the service life and the safety of the lithium ion battery is very obvious. The battery module and the battery pack have the influence on the charge and discharge efficiency, the available capacity, the service life and the safety of the battery due to the fact that the electric cores are different and the heating environment is uneven, and the interior of the battery is heated to be inconsistent. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to maintain the operating temperature of the lithium ion battery within a proper and consistent range to ensure the life and safety of the power battery. .
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a lithium ion battery temperature management system, which can keep the working temperature of the lithium ion battery in a consistent range, thereby improving the safety of the lithium ion battery in the operation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lithium ion battery temperature management system, comprising:
the system comprises a battery management system, a temperature control module and an information acquisition module; the temperature control module comprises a cooling system and a heating device;
the information acquisition module acquires the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module, and feeds back the temperature data of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module to the battery management system;
the battery management system judges whether each temperature is higher than 35 ℃ according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and if the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the battery management system controls the cooling system to cool the corresponding lithium battery; the battery management system judges whether each temperature is lower than 5 ℃ or not according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery if the temperature is lower than 5 ℃.
The further improvement of the scheme is as follows:
the acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the lithium battery, a current sensor for acquiring the current of the lithium battery and a voltage sensor for acquiring the voltage of the lithium battery;
the acquisition module acquires the voltage and the current of each lithium battery through the current sensor and the voltage sensor and sends voltage and current data to the battery management system;
and the battery management system judges the charge-discharge state of each lithium battery according to the voltage and current data.
In the foregoing aspect, preferably, the cooling system includes: a cooling circuit, a coolant flow sensor and a pressure sensor;
the cooling liquid flow sensor is used for measuring the liquid flow of the cooling loop and feeding back the liquid flow data to the battery management system; the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference of the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling loop and feeding back pressure difference data to the battery management system;
and the battery management system controls the cooling system to adjust the cooling intensity according to the real-time temperature data, the liquid flow data and the pressure difference data fed back by the information acquisition module.
In the above scheme, preferably, the cooling system reduces the temperature of each lithium battery through the liquid cooling measures of the parallel pipelines.
In the above scheme, preferably, the heating device includes a heating pipeline corresponding to each lithium battery; the heating pipeline is used for heating the lithium battery at the corresponding position.
In the above scheme, preferably, when the battery management system controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery, it is determined whether the temperature difference between the batteries is greater than 10 ℃, and if so, the heating device is controlled to stop heating;
when the temperature difference between every two batteries is less than or equal to 5 ℃, controlling the heating device to recover heating;
and when the lowest temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 0 ℃, controlling the heating device to heat and controlling the battery not to be charged.
According to the scheme, the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module is acquired through the information acquisition module and is sent to the battery management system, the battery management system judges which lithium batteries are not at the temperature of 5-35 ℃ according to the temperature data, and then the temperature control module is controlled to perform targeted cooling or heating treatment on the lithium batteries with abnormal temperatures, so that all the lithium batteries are in a proper temperature range, the temperature among the lithium batteries is more consistent, the safety in the operation process of the lithium batteries is improved, and the service life of the lithium batteries is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a lithium ion battery temperature management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a working flow of a lithium ion battery temperature management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a model structure diagram of a lithium ion battery temperature management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present invention first illustrates the system structure and operation principle of the present invention in a specific optimized embodiment.
The space for loading the battery pack on the vehicle is limited, and heat generated in the battery work is accumulated in the battery pack body, so that the temperature distribution of each part of the battery pack is uneven, the temperature consistency of the battery monomer is influenced, the charge-discharge cycle efficiency of the battery is reduced, and the power and the energy of the battery are influenced. In severe cases, thermal runaway can be caused, and the safety and reliability of the whole vehicle are affected. Although the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high storage energy density, high specific power, long cycle life and the like, the lithium ion battery is particularly sensitive to temperature, and the performance of the lithium ion battery cannot be fully exerted when the temperature is too high or too low. Therefore, it is necessary to perform thermal balance detection and management on the battery, and control the temperature of the battery within a reasonable and balanced range, so that the battery pack can exert the best performance and service life.
As shown in fig. 1, the system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a battery management system, a temperature control module, and an information acquisition module; the information acquisition module acquires the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module, and feeds back the temperature data of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module to the battery management system;
the battery management system judges whether each temperature is higher than 35 ℃ according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and if the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the battery management system controls the cooling system to cool the corresponding lithium battery; the battery management system judges whether each temperature is lower than 5 ℃ or not according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery if the temperature is lower than 5 ℃. The temperature control module is arranged in the battery pack body.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the battery monomer, the temperature of the battery module and the temperature of different positions on the battery pack body are collected, and the working state of the battery pack is combined to be used as input information, so that corresponding analysis and control strategies are completed on a software platform based on the hardware of a battery management system, and finally, the thermal balance of the battery pack body is realized by taking a battery cooling system and a heating system as media.
The battery management system hardware mainly comprises temperature sensor acquisition circuits, battery voltage and current acquisition circuits, a power circuit, a CPU, a communication module and the like in the battery pack.
The battery cooling system adopts an effective liquid cooling measure to control the temperature of the battery pack, and keeps the uniformity of the temperature of the battery pack in a parallel pipeline mode.
The battery heating system (namely the heating device) can realize heating of different positions and keep the temperature uniformity of the battery pack by uniformly distributing the heating pipelines according to the arrangement of the modules.
The control strategy is designed based on the characteristics of the lithium ion battery, combines the factors of the temperature, the voltage, the current, the state and the like of the battery pack, considers the influence of the uneven flow field on the uniformity of the temperature in the battery pack, and aims at improving the balance. Firstly, acquiring battery state information, and analyzing the state of a battery by acquiring temperature, voltage, current and the like at different positions in a battery bag body; and then judging and analyzing, starting an equalization strategy to control the cooling water pipe of the corresponding high-temperature part to work when the temperature of the battery is higher than 35 ℃, and starting the equalization strategy to control the heating pipeline of the corresponding low-temperature part to work when the temperature of the battery is lower than 5 ℃. Considering the influence of the internal resistance of the battery with the temperature and the depth of discharge, the balance control in the charge-discharge state of the battery is also considered.
The general flow chart for determining the charge/discharge state of the battery by voltage, current, etc. is as follows:
taking the situation of the actual new energy automobile as an example, the determination of the battery state according to the voltage, the current, the temperature, and the like is exemplified as follows:
1. charging and heating:
1.1 quick charge heating
a. The temperature difference of the battery pack needs to be judged in the heating process, and the heating is stopped when the temperature difference is more than 10 ℃. When the temperature difference is less than or equal to 5 ℃, heating is recovered;
b. starting a heating relay to act in sequence:
closing the total negative relay;
BMS (battery management system) closing the quick charge relay;
detecting that the charging current is 2A, and closing the heating contactor;
after 500ms, disconnecting the total negative contactor;
c. when the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃, only heating without charging, wherein the heating voltage is the highest allowable charging voltage, the request current is the current required by the heating film, and the total negative contactor is disconnected;
d. when the lowest battery temperature is higher than 5 ℃, the heating relay is disconnected, and formal charging is started.
1.2 slow charging and heating:
a. the temperature difference of the battery pack needs to be judged in the heating process, and the heating is stopped when the temperature difference is more than 10 ℃. When the temperature difference is less than or equal to 5 ℃, heating is recovered;
b. when the lowest temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃. The heating relay is closed, and a high-voltage accessory relay request closing signal is sent to a VCU (new energy automobile whole vehicle controller);
c, the VCU controls to close the high-voltage accessory relay;
d. and when the lowest battery temperature is higher than 5 ℃, closing the cathode relay, waiting for 500ms, disconnecting the heating relay, and starting formal charging when the control mode of the charger enters an 'on state'.
2. If the temperature is too high, the charging is generally carried out in two ways of reducing power or starting a cooling system.
The power reduction mainly limits the charge and discharge power of the battery:
the BMS is in real-time communication with the charging equipment, is responsible for detecting the voltage, the temperature and the charging current of each battery module in real time in the charging process, reduces the power for charging when the temperature of the battery is higher than 50 ℃, and prohibits the charging when the temperature is higher than 55 ℃.
The working flow of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 2, and the battery management system judges whether a balancing control strategy is needed or not by collecting voltage, current and temperature data of the battery, and if so, the balancing control strategy is started, so that the battery recovers a balanced state.
The model structure of the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and mainly comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a coolant flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a cooling system, a heating device, a battery management system, a lithium ion battery pack case and the like. The temperature sensor is positioned in the battery module; the voltage sensor and the current sensor comprise a single acquisition sensor and a module acquisition sensor; the cooling liquid flow sensor and the pressure sensor are positioned in the cooling system; the cooling system and the heating device are positioned inside the lithium ion battery pack box body.
The temperature sensor is used for acquiring the temperature based on the thermistor and is mainly used for acquiring the temperature of different positions of the battery module.
The cooling liquid flow sensor is mainly used for measuring the liquid flow of the cooling loop.
The pressure sensor is mainly used for measuring the pressure difference of the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling loop.
The voltage sensor and the current sensor need to measure the voltage and the current of the single body and the module respectively so as to accurately judge the charging and discharging states of the battery.
The battery management system acquires the actual working temperature, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet pressure difference, the cooling liquid flow, the charging and discharging states and other conditions of the battery pack by collecting sensors such as temperature, flow, pressure, voltage and current, and then carries out analysis and calculation. The battery management system of the embodiment is based on a thermal effect equation of the lithium ion battery, and is combined with different working conditions of the battery to respectively establish thermal management models of a cooling mode and a heating mode, and the cooling effect is improved by power limitation and combination of parameters such as cooling liquid flow and pressure. For example, different control strategies are adopted for charging, discharging, overhigh temperature and overlow temperature respectively, and when the temperature of the battery module is higher than the upper limit of the optimal working temperature range, an active refrigeration mode is started, namely a battery pack cooling system is started; when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the lower limit of the optimal working temperature range, the heating device is started by the active heating function, so that the battery pack continuously works in the optimal temperature range to improve the efficiency and prolong the service life of the battery pack.
The system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the functions of active refrigeration and active heating, and can meet the thermal management requirements of the battery under different working conditions; meanwhile, on the basis of a heat effect equation of the lithium ion battery, heat management models of a cooling mode and a heating mode are respectively established for real-time control by combining different working conditions of the battery; the liquid cooling effect is improved by limiting power and combining parameters such as cooling liquid flow and pressure.
According to the scheme, the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module is acquired through the information acquisition module and is sent to the battery management system, the battery management system judges which lithium batteries are not at the temperature of 5-35 ℃ according to the temperature data, and then the temperature control module is controlled to perform targeted cooling or heating treatment on the lithium batteries with abnormal temperatures, so that all the lithium batteries are in a proper temperature range, the temperature among the lithium batteries is more consistent, the safety in the operation process of the lithium batteries is improved, and the service life of the lithium batteries is prolonged.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A lithium ion battery temperature management system, comprising:
the system comprises a battery management system, a temperature control module and an information acquisition module; the temperature control module comprises a cooling system and a heating device;
the information acquisition module acquires the temperature of the battery module and each lithium battery in the module, and feeds back the temperature data of the lithium battery module and each lithium battery in the module to the battery management system;
the battery management system judges whether each temperature is higher than 35 ℃ according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and if the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the battery management system controls the cooling system to cool the corresponding lithium battery; the battery management system judges whether each temperature is lower than 5 ℃ or not according to the temperature data fed back by the information acquisition module, and controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery if the temperature is lower than 5 ℃.
2. The lithium ion battery temperature management system of claim 1, wherein the collection module comprises a temperature sensor for collecting lithium battery temperature, a current sensor for collecting lithium battery current, and a voltage sensor for collecting lithium battery voltage;
the acquisition module acquires the voltage and the current of each lithium battery through the current sensor and the voltage sensor and sends voltage and current data to the battery management system;
and the battery management system judges the charge-discharge state of each lithium battery according to the voltage and current data.
3. The lithium ion battery temperature management system of claim 1, wherein the cooling system comprises: a cooling circuit, a coolant flow sensor and a pressure sensor;
the cooling liquid flow sensor is used for measuring the liquid flow of the cooling loop and feeding back the liquid flow data to the battery management system; the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference of the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling loop and feeding back pressure difference data to the battery management system;
and the battery management system controls the cooling system to adjust the cooling intensity according to the real-time temperature data, the liquid flow data and the pressure difference data fed back by the information acquisition module.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system reduces the temperature of each lithium battery by means of liquid cooling of parallel lines.
5. The lithium ion battery temperature management system of claim 1, wherein the heating device comprises a heating pipeline laid for each lithium battery; the heating pipeline is used for heating the lithium battery at the corresponding position.
6. The lithium ion battery temperature management system according to claim 1, wherein when the battery management system controls the heating device to heat the corresponding lithium battery, it is determined whether the temperature difference between each battery is greater than 10 ℃, and if so, the heating device is controlled to stop heating;
when the temperature difference between every two batteries is less than or equal to 5 ℃, controlling the heating device to recover heating;
and when the lowest temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 0 ℃, controlling the heating device to heat and controlling the battery not to be charged.
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| CN112864488A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Energy storage liquid cooling system device and control method thereof |
| CN112928356A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆大学 | Battery thermal management device and control method |
| CN113193269A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-30 | 恒大恒驰新能源汽车研究院(上海)有限公司 | Battery thermal management method and device |
| CN113224413A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-08-06 | 荣盛盟固利新能源科技有限公司 | Charging thermal management control method of battery system |
| CN113394476A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-14 | 合肥国盛电池科技有限公司 | BMS data monitoring management system based on lithium battery |
| CN113611941A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-11-05 | 赵文英 | Control method for thermal runaway of lithium battery pack, control panel and temperature control equipment |
| CN114122565A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 格林美(武汉)动力电池回收有限公司 | Battery management system and device under low temperature environment |
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| CN113611941A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-11-05 | 赵文英 | Control method for thermal runaway of lithium battery pack, control panel and temperature control equipment |
| CN113611941B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-12-27 | 赵文英 | Control method and control panel for thermal runaway of lithium battery pack and temperature control equipment |
| CN114122565A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 格林美(武汉)动力电池回收有限公司 | Battery management system and device under low temperature environment |
| CN114122565B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2024-03-29 | 武汉动力电池再生技术有限公司 | Battery management system and device in low-temperature environment |
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