CN110931164B - Fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/065—Insulating conductors with lacquers or enamels
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- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/421—Polyesters
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- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a superfine polyesterimide enameled wire, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out large drawing, middle drawing, small drawing and micro drawing on a copper rod special for a double zero line under a limited condition to obtain a hard copper wire, annealing the hard copper wire to obtain a soft copper wire, and sequentially carrying out painting, baking, cooling and surface lubricant coating on the soft copper wire to obtain the superfine polyesterimide enameled wire; the data show that the online detection is carried out on the fine polyesterimide enameled wire with the length of 5185m, the total pinhole number is 2, and the average pinhole number is 0 pinhole/30 m; carrying out on-line detection on the 4506 m-long superfine polyesterimide enameled wire prepared by the method, wherein the total pinhole number is 1, and the average pinhole number is 0 pinhole/30 m; the surface of the enameled wire obtained by the invention is observed to have no gross grain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of enameled wires, and particularly relates to a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The enameled wire is an important electrical insulating part, and the enameled wire paint film coated on the enameled wire is used for generating a good insulating layer between a conducting wire and a conducting wire in a winding so as to maintain the normal operation of the whole workpiece equipment. Wire enamel is an indispensable electrical insulating coating applied to electrical equipment, is one of key raw materials for controlling the economy, the technology, the index and the service life of electrical equipment, and therefore the wire enamel needs to have better thermal, electrical, mechanical and chemical resistance.
The polyester-imide enameled wire has the excellent characteristics of good heat resistance, high mechanical strength and the like, and is widely applied to various coil windings of precision coils, motors, electromagnetic valves and the like. The direct-welding polyesterimide enameled wire is directly welded or not directly welded, the paint film does not need to be scraped off at a certain temperature in a soldering tin groove, and the paint film is decomposed at a high temperature and is directly welded, so that the process of a user is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved.
At present, because a paint film of the polyester-imide micro enameled wire is thin, the thickness of the paint film is only about 0.01mm generally, and the thickness of a single surface of the paint film is only about 0.005mm, the bearing capacity for voltage and current is very limited, the paint film can not meet certain performance requirements, the serious result of turn-to-turn short circuit can be generated at a client, the main way for solving the turn-to-turn short circuit is to reduce high-voltage pinholes and hair particles of the enameled wire, and the most ideal state is to achieve zero pinholes and no hair particles. Therefore, the pinhole performance and the wire surface performance of the enameled wire are improved, and the method is extremely favorable for improving the market competitiveness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out large drawing and annealing, medium drawing and annealing, small drawing and annealing and micro drawing on the copper rod special for the double zero lines until a hard copper wire is obtained;
(2) annealing the hard copper wire obtained in the step (1) through an annealing furnace, and introducing steam into the annealing furnace to prevent the copper wire from being oxidized to obtain a annealed copper wire;
(3) and (3) sequentially painting, baking, cooling and coating a lubricant on the surface of the annealed copper wire, and then taking up to obtain the fine polyesterimide enameled wire without pinholes and hairiness.
In the step (1), the diameter of the copper rod special for the double zero lines is 8 mm.
When the large drawing wire is drawn, drawing the wire to 2.3mm, introducing the wire into an annealing furnace at the speed of 900 +/-50 m/min for annealing, wherein the annealing current is 2058A, and the annealing voltage is 35 +/-2V;
when the medium-tension drawing wire is carried out, the wire is drawn from 2.3mm to 0.648mm, the annealing current is 536A, and the annealing voltage is 39 +/-2V;
carrying out small drawing to 0.27mm, wherein the annealing voltage is 28-32V;
and carrying out micro-drawing and hard drawing to 0.078-0.08mm to obtain the hard copper wire.
In the step (1), the wire drawing liquid for carrying out the large drawing, the medium drawing, the small drawing and the micro drawing is an alkali solution of higher fatty acid ester; the pH value of the wire drawing liquid is 8.5-9.
The alkali solution is a sodium carbonate solution.
In the wire drawing liquid for large drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 8-12%;
in the wire drawing liquid for medium-drawing wire drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 5-8%;
in the wire drawing liquid for small drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 4-6%;
in the wire drawing liquid for micro-drawing wire drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 3-4%.
In addition, to achieve the purpose of 0 pinhole, the following control is also carried out in the wire drawing link: the wire-drawing die is periodically overhauled and polished, and all natural diamonds are adopted; the iron plate needs to be polished to be smooth and free of any burrs, depressions, scratches and the like.
In the step (2), the inlet temperature for the annealing is 420 ℃ and the outlet temperature for the annealing is 400 ℃.
In the step (3), 8 times of painting are carried out, the viscosity of the painted paint is 20-25S, 5g of solvent-containing paint with the solid content of 24-26% of polyester-imide polymer resin in the paint is taken in a watch glass, and after the paint is dried in an oven at 180 ℃ for 1h, the dried weight is weighed as the percentage of the weight before drying, namely the solid content is obtained; the paint is prepared from 24-26% of polyester-imide high-molecular resin and 74-76% of solvent (mixed solvent composed of 40% of dimethylbenzene and 60% of cresol).
The inlet temperature for the baking was 450 + -10 deg.C and the outlet temperature was 520 + -10 deg.C.
In order to enable the wire to have no pinholes, the flow direction of wind in the baking furnace is also controlled, the flow direction of the wind in the heat exchange baking furnace is generally consistent with the running direction of the wire, the wind speed is adjusted according to the change of the inlet temperature, the rotating speed of an inlet supplement fan is generally set to be 1100rpm, the rotating speed of a waste discharge fan is generally set to be 1400rpm, and the control degree is generally ensured to be 0.5-1.5m/s of the inlet wind speed and 1-2m/s of the outlet wind speed.
In order to control the viscosity of the paint to reach a stable degree and no coarse particles in the paint, 25u of polymer film core is adopted to filter the paint, the viscosity of the paint is monitored at any time through a sensor, and a solvent is automatically added to dilute and stir the paint when the viscosity exceeds a set value.
In order to circulate the solvent volatilized from the paint as soon as possible and to make the concentration of the solvent in the baking oven lower, 2 groups of catalytic blocks are added above the outlet of the baking oven, the ceramic blocks are made of high-temperature ceramic and are made into a honeycomb shape, metal catalysts such as palladium oxide and the like are coated on the surfaces of the ceramic blocks, the solvent is adsorbed to the surfaces of the catalytic blocks, the solvent is burnt as soon as possible, part of heat is sent to the oven mouth, and the pollution to the atmosphere is also avoided. The lower the concentration of solvent in the baking oven, the more complete the solvent in the paint is volatilized. The solvent does not remain in the paint film, and the high-pressure pin holes of the lines are more ideal, so that the aim of 0 pin hole is fulfilled. The paint felt adopts 0.41 and 0.32g/m3The density of the felt is that the paint felt mainly enables the bare wires to pass through the paint groove, redundant paint is wiped off through the paint felt, the paint is uniformly coated on the surfaces of the wires, the felts with different densities for different specification wires are ensured, the smoothness of paint conveying and storing is ensured, the eccentricity of a paint film is ensured to be 0, and the reliability of a 0-pinhole is ensured.
In the step (3), after the cooling treatment, the pin holes and the outer diameter of the annealed copper wires are monitored on line; the voltage of 300V and the leakage current of 3UA are generally set for on-line monitoring of the pinhole, and the outer diameter is accurately monitored to 0.0001mm on line;
the surface lubricant is prepared from 0.1% of white mineral oil and 99.9% of No. 120 gasoline;
the running speed of the annealed copper wire is 200 +/-5 m/min.
The laser non-contact type online monitoring line has the advantages that the outer diameter of the line is monitored in a non-contact mode through laser, the accuracy is 0.0001mm, the absolute stability of the outer diameter of the line is kept, the line diameter exceeds a set range, automatic alarming can be achieved, manual processing or setting can be conducted in an automatic control state, and when the outer diameter exceeds the range, the rotating speed of the paint roller can be automatically adjusted through equipment. The high-voltage pinhole on-line monitoring instrument is installed, the wire is monitored by 360 degrees through the monitoring instrument, once the wire has a pinhole, the wire can be displayed on a coordinate graph, and the wire can give an alarm when reaching or exceeding a set control line. The monitoring pin hole has positive correlation with the actual pin hole number.
The fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles is prepared by the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation method of the superfine polyesterimide enameled wire comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing and micro drawing on a copper rod special for the double zero line under a limited condition to obtain a hard copper wire, annealing the hard copper wire to obtain a soft copper wire, and sequentially carrying out painting, baking, cooling and surface lubricant coating on the soft copper wire to obtain the superfine polyesterimide enameled wire; the data show that the online detection is carried out on the fine polyesterimide enameled wire with the length of 5185m, the total pinhole number is 2, and the average pinhole number is 0 pinhole/30 m; carrying out on-line detection on the 4506 m-long superfine polyesterimide enameled wire prepared by the method, wherein the total pinhole number is 1, and the average pinhole number is 0 pinhole/30 m; the surface of the enameled wire obtained by the invention is observed to have no gross grain.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a surface topography of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire provided in example 1 of the present invention by visual observation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out large wire drawing on a copper rod special for the double zero lines with the diameter of 8mm to 2.3mm, introducing the copper rod into an annealing furnace at the speed of 950m/min for annealing, wherein the annealing current is 2058A, the annealing voltage is 37V, the pH of a wire drawing liquid is 8.5, and the mass percentage content of high-grade fatty acid ester in the wire drawing liquid is 12%; then, drawing wire to 0.648mm by middle drawing and annealing, wherein the annealing current is 536A, the annealing voltage is 41V, the pH of the drawing fluid is 8.5, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing fluid is 5%; then, carrying out small drawing and hard drawing to 0.27mm, wherein the annealing voltage is 32V, the pH of the drawing liquid is 8.5, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing liquid is 6%; finally, carrying out micro-drawing and hard-drawing to 0.08mm to obtain a hard copper wire, wherein the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing liquid of the micro-drawing is 4%;
(2) annealing the hard copper wire in the step (1) by an annealing furnace, wherein the inlet temperature is 420 ℃ and the outlet temperature is 400 ℃; introducing steam into the annealing furnace to prevent the copper wire from being oxidized to obtain a annealed copper wire;
(3) painting the annealed copper wire, wherein the main component of the paint is polyester imide high polymer resin, the paint is prepared by adding 75% of solvent (40% of dimethylbenzene and 60% of cresol to form a mixed solvent), the viscosity of the paint is 25S (detected by No. 4 viscosity cup), and the solid content of the polyester imide high polymer resin in the paint is 25% (5 g of the paint containing the solvent is taken in a watch glass, and dried in an oven at 180 ℃ for 1h, and then the dried weight is weighed as the percentage of the weight before drying, namely the solid content); then baking in a baking furnace, wherein the inlet temperature for baking is 460 ℃, and the outlet temperature for baking is 530 ℃; the painting-baking is repeatedly carried out for 9 times, and the solvent in the paint is evaporated by baking for multiple times through 9 times of painting; cooling by water to perform crosslinking solidification, and performing online monitoring on the pinholes and the outer diameter of the annealed copper wire after cooling treatment, wherein the voltage of the pinholes is set to be 300V, the leakage current is 3UA, and the outer diameter is accurately monitored to be 0.0001mm online; and finally, coating a lubricant (prepared from 0.1% of white mineral oil and 99.9% of No. 120 gasoline) on the surface of the wire, wherein the running speed of the annealed copper wire is 205m/min, and taking up the wire to obtain the fine polyesterimide enameled wire without pinholes and hairiness.
As shown in fig. 1, the surface of the fine polyesterimide enameled wire prepared by the method of this example was observed without any burr by naked eye.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out large wire drawing on a copper rod special for the double zero lines with the diameter of 8mm to 2.3mm, introducing the copper rod into an annealing furnace at the speed of 900m/min for annealing, wherein the annealing current is 2058A, the annealing voltage is 35V, the pH of a wire drawing liquid is 9, and the mass percentage content of high-grade fatty acid ester in the wire drawing liquid is 10%; then, drawing wire to 0.648mm by middle drawing and annealing, wherein the annealing current is 536A, the annealing voltage is 39V, the pH of the drawing liquid is 9, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing liquid is 8%; then, carrying out small drawing and hard drawing to 0.27mm, wherein the annealing voltage is 30V, the pH value of the drawing liquid is 9, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing liquid is 5%; finally, carrying out micro-drawing and hard drawing to 0.079mm to obtain a hard copper wire, wherein the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the micro-drawn drawing liquid is 3.5%;
(2) annealing the hard copper wire in the step (1) by an annealing furnace, wherein the inlet temperature is 420 ℃ and the outlet temperature is 400 ℃; introducing steam into the annealing furnace to prevent the copper wire from being oxidized to obtain a annealed copper wire;
(3) painting the annealed copper wire, wherein the main component of the paint is polyester imide high polymer resin, the 24% polyester imide high polymer resin is added with 76% solvent (mixed solvent consisting of 40% dimethylbenzene and 60% cresol), the viscosity of the paint is 23S (detected by No. 4 viscosity cup), and the solid content of the polyester imide high polymer resin in the paint is 24% (1h, 180 ℃); then baking in a baking furnace, wherein the inlet temperature of baking is 450 ℃, and the outlet temperature of baking is 520 ℃; the painting-baking is repeatedly carried out for 8 times, and the solvent in the paint is evaporated by baking for multiple times through 8 times of painting; cooling by water to perform crosslinking solidification, and performing online monitoring on the pinholes and the outer diameter of the annealed copper wire after cooling treatment, wherein the voltage of the pinholes is set to be 300V, the leakage current is 3UA, and the outer diameter is accurately monitored to be 0.0001mm online; and finally, coating a lubricant (prepared from 0.1% of white mineral oil and 99.9% of No. 120 gasoline) on the surface of the wire, controlling the running speed of the annealed copper wire to be 200 +/-5 m/min, and taking up the wire to obtain the fine polyesterimide enameled wire without pinholes and hairless particles.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out large wire drawing on a copper rod special for the double zero lines with the diameter of 8mm to 2.3mm, introducing the copper rod into an annealing furnace at the speed of 850m/min for annealing, wherein the annealing current is 2058A, the annealing voltage is 33V, the pH of a wire drawing liquid is 8.5, and the mass percentage content of high-grade fatty acid ester in the wire drawing liquid is 8%; then, drawing wire to 0.648mm by middle drawing and annealing, wherein the annealing current is 536A, the annealing voltage is 37V, the pH of the drawing fluid is 8.5, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing fluid is 5%; then, carrying out small drawing and hard drawing to 0.27mm, wherein the annealing voltage is 28V, the pH of the drawing liquid is 8.5, and the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the drawing liquid is 4%; finally, carrying out micro-drawing and hard drawing to 0.078mm to obtain a hard copper wire, wherein the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester in the micro-drawn drawing liquid is 3%;
(2) annealing the hard copper wire in the step (1) by an annealing furnace, wherein the inlet temperature is 420 ℃ and the outlet temperature is 400 ℃; introducing steam into the annealing furnace to prevent the copper wire from being oxidized to obtain a annealed copper wire;
(3) painting the annealed copper wire, wherein the main component of the paint is polyester imide high polymer resin, 74% of solvent (mixed solvent consisting of 40% xylene and 60% cresol) is added into 26% of polyester imide high polymer resin, the viscosity of the paint is 20S (detected by No. 4 viscosity cup), and the solid content of the polyester imide high polymer resin in the paint is 26% (1h, 180 ℃); then baking in a baking furnace, wherein the inlet temperature for baking is 440 ℃, and the outlet temperature for baking is 510 ℃; the painting-baking is repeatedly carried out for 7 times, and the solvent in the paint is evaporated by baking for multiple times through 7 times of painting; cooling by water to perform crosslinking solidification, and performing online monitoring on the pinholes and the outer diameter of the annealed copper wire after cooling treatment, wherein the voltage of the pinholes is set to be 300V, the leakage current is 3UA, and the outer diameter is accurately monitored to be 0.0001mm online; and finally, coating a lubricant (prepared from 0.1% of white mineral oil and 99.9% of No. 120 gasoline) on the surface of the wire, wherein the running speed of the annealed copper wire is 195m/min, and taking up the wire to obtain the fine polyesterimide enameled wire without pinholes and hairiness.
Examples of the experiments
The fine polyesterimide enameled wires obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were subjected to pinhole detection using a high-voltage pinhole on-line detector, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 pinhole detection results for different enamelled wires
| Sample (I) | Testing pinhole Voltage/V | Test length/m | High pressure pinhole number/number |
| Example 1 | 1000 | 100 | 0 |
| Example 2 | 1000 | 100 | 0 |
| Example 3 | 1000 | 100 | 0 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the fine polyesterimide enameled wire prepared by the method really realizes zero pinhole.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a fine polyesterimide enameled wire with zero pinholes and no hair particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out large drawing and annealing, medium drawing and annealing, small drawing and annealing and micro drawing on the copper rod special for the double zero lines until a hard copper wire is obtained;
(2) annealing the hard copper wire obtained in the step (1) through an annealing furnace, and introducing steam into the annealing furnace to prevent the copper wire from being oxidized to obtain a annealed copper wire;
(3) sequentially painting, baking, cooling and coating a lubricant on the surface of the annealed copper wire, and then taking up the annealed copper wire to obtain the micro polyesterimide enameled wire without pinholes and hairiness;
in the step (1), the diameter of the copper rod special for the double zero lines is 8 mm; when the large drawing wire is drawn, drawing the wire to 2.3mm, introducing the wire into an annealing furnace at the speed of 900 +/-50 m/min for annealing, wherein the annealing current is 2058A, and the annealing voltage is 35 +/-2V; when the medium-tension drawing wire is carried out, the wire is drawn from 2.3mm to 0.648mm, the annealing current is 536A, and the annealing voltage is 39 +/-2V; carrying out small drawing to 0.27mm, wherein the annealing voltage is 28-32V; carrying out micro-drawing and hard drawing to 0.078-0.08mm to obtain the hard copper wire;
in the step (1), the drawing liquid for large drawing, medium drawing, small drawing and micro drawing is a mixed solution of higher fatty acid ester and alkali solution, and the pH value of the drawing liquid is 8.5-9; the alkali solution is a sodium carbonate solution;
in the wire drawing liquid for large drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 8-12%;
in the wire drawing liquid for medium-drawing wire drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 5-8%;
in the wire drawing liquid for small drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 4-6%;
in the wire drawing liquid for micro-drawing wire drawing, the mass percentage of the higher fatty acid ester is 3-4%;
in the step (2), the inlet temperature for annealing is 420 ℃, and the outlet temperature for annealing is 400 ℃;
in the step (3), the painting-baking is repeatedly carried out for 7-9 times, the paint viscosity of the painting is 20-25S, and the solid content in the paint is 24-26%; the inlet temperature for baking is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the outlet temperature is 520 +/-10 ℃; after the cooling treatment, the pinhole and the outer diameter of the annealed copper wire are monitored on line; the lubricant is prepared from 0.1% of white mineral oil and 99.9% of No. 120 gasoline; the running speed of the annealed copper wire is 200 +/-5 m/min.
2. The fine polyesterimide enameled wire with no pinholes and no hairiness prepared by the method of claim 1.
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