CN110929997B - Method for evaluating toxicity, synergism and decrement of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combined - Google Patents

Method for evaluating toxicity, synergism and decrement of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combined Download PDF

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CN110929997B
CN110929997B CN201911079460.7A CN201911079460A CN110929997B CN 110929997 B CN110929997 B CN 110929997B CN 201911079460 A CN201911079460 A CN 201911079460A CN 110929997 B CN110929997 B CN 110929997B
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高晶
冯耀恒
毛润乾
杨琼玉
孙子强
朱文超
修宝林
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Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
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Abstract

The invention provides a toxicity of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combinedEvaluation method of action, synergistic action and decrement action. The method comprises the following steps: 1. respectively detecting the toxicity of the mineral oil and the pesticide to pests to obtain LC 50 Value, 2, separately formulating mineral oil and pesticide LC 50 Mixing solutions with corresponding concentrations according to different volume ratios, calculating a co-toxicity factor, 3, detecting the toxicity of the mixed solution with a synergistic effect in a co-toxicity factor method to pests, calculating a co-toxicity coefficient, 4, evaluating the magnitude of the synergistic effect of the mineral oil on the pesticide according to the co-toxicity coefficient, and 5, comparing to achieve LC 90 、LC 95 、LC 98 Then, the amount of the effective pesticide used in combination with the pesticide, the amount of the effective pesticide used in a single pesticide or the recommended amount of the effective pesticide used in combination with the pesticide are used, and the weight reduction effect of the mineral oil on the pesticide is evaluated. The invention provides evaluation standards for the production and scientific research of the mixed preparation of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide.

Description

Method for evaluating toxicity, synergism and decrement effect of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide used together
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pesticides, in particular to a method for evaluating toxicity, synergy and decrement of agricultural mineral oil and chemical pesticide in combined use.
Background
Mineral oil (Mineral oil) is produced by standardized synthesis, purification and refining of crude petroleum oil, and its main components include paraffin, unsaturated hydrocarbon, cycloparaffin, aromatic compound, etc., and it can be used as insecticide, ovicide, antifeedant, oviposition repellent, etc., and is incorporated into comprehensive pest control agent in the beginning of 21 st century. The mineral oil has the advantages of wide application range, long lasting effect, no drug resistance, good safety and the like, and is widely used for preventing and controlling crop diseases and insect pests.
Mineral oil can be directly used as an insecticide, can also be used as a synergist of chemical pesticides, increases the permeability, adhesiveness, spreadability, diffusivity and persistence of the pesticide, and the deposition amount and the scouring resistance of active ingredients of the pesticide, assists the active ingredients to permeate into pests and crops, and is used for improving the control effect of the pesticide by being mixed with the pesticide. However, whether the mineral oil pesticide and the chemical pesticide have the synergistic effect depends on the type of the mineral oil, the type of the chemical pesticide, the mixing proportion and the like.
At present, the method for evaluating the combined use effect of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide mainly comprises the steps of spraying the chemical insecticide on plants in a field or indoors, then investigating the survival number of pests, calculating the death rate, judging whether the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide has the control effect and the synergistic effect according to the death rate, and no method for evaluating the toxicity and the synergistic effect of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide indoors or evaluating the pesticide decrement effect is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating toxicity, synergy and decrement of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combined.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for evaluating the toxicity, synergistic action and decrement action of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide includes such steps as using the agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide together, and evaluating the toxicity, synergistic action and decrement action.
Specifically, the toxicity evaluation method of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively detecting the toxicity of agricultural mineral oil and chemical pesticide to pests to obtain toxicity regression equation and LC 50 A value;
(2) Mixing agricultural mineral oil and chemical pesticide LC 50 Solution mixing with corresponding concentration and mixing ratioFor example, in the following ratio of 0,1;
(3) Calculating a co-toxicity factor, and evaluating the toxicity effect of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide in combination, wherein the co-toxicity factor has the following calculation formula:
a co-toxicity factor = (actual mortality of the combination-theoretical mortality of the combination)/expected mortality of the combination x 100;
the actual mortality (%) = (treatment mortality-control mortality)/(100-control mortality) × 100;
the theoretical mortality (%) = a drug LC 50 Actual mortality at dose X drug A in mixture LC 50 Ratio of + B agent LC 50 Actual mortality at dose x drug B in mixture LC 50 The ratio of the components;
the insecticidal effect of the combination of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide was determined according to the following criteria: if the co-toxicity factor is more than +20, the synergistic effect is achieved, if the co-toxicity factor is less than-20, the antagonistic effect is achieved, and the additive effect is achieved between-20 and + 20;
(4) Detecting the toxicity of the mixed liquid with synergistic effect on pests in a co-toxicity factor method to obtain a toxicity regression equation and a combined effect LC 50 Value and co-toxicity coefficient, and evaluating the combined use toxicity of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide, wherein the co-toxicity coefficient is calculated by the following formula:
LC of mixed agent actual virulence index (ATI) = A agent 50 LC of/mixture 50 ×100
Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) = TI (A) × percentage of medicament A in the mixture + TI (B) × percentage of medicament B in the mixture
LC of virulence index (TI) standard agents 50 LC of test agent 50 ×100
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = Actual Toxicity Index (ATI)/Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) × 100 for mixed agents
The insecticidal effect of the combination of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide was determined according to the following criteria: if the co-toxicity coefficient is more than 120, the synergistic effect is shown, if the co-toxicity coefficient is less than 80, the antagonistic effect is shown, and if the co-toxicity coefficient is between 80 and 120, the additive effect is shown.
The toxic action is detected in the step (1) and the step (4), and specifically, the agricultural mineral oil, the chemical pesticide and the mixed liquid are respectively diluted by different times to detect the lethal action on pests.
Specifically, the synergistic effect evaluation of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide is carried out according to the co-toxicity coefficient, and the mixing proportion with the maximum co-toxicity coefficient has the maximum synergistic effect.
Specifically, the decrement effect evaluation of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide is to achieve LC by comparison according to a toxicity regression equation of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide and the single use of the chemical insecticide 90 、LC 95 、LC 98 When the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide are used in a combined way, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide and the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide when the chemical insecticide is used singly are calculated and evaluated quantitatively, and the decrement effect of the mineral oil on the chemical insecticide is calculated and evaluated.
Or the decrement effect evaluation of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide is to compare the reduction effect with the decrement effect evaluation of the combined use of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide to LC 90 、LC 95 、LC 98 When the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide are used in a combined mode, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide is used, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide is recommended to be used in the field, and the decrement effect of the mineral oil on the chemical insecticide is calculated and evaluated quantitatively.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the method for evaluating the toxicity, the synergy and the decrement of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide used together is provided for the first time, and experiments prove that the method has evaluation indexes and provides evaluation standards for the production and scientific research of the mixed agent of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, and all simple modifications of the invention which are within the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
The agricultural mineral oil is nC22 (Mao 22) mineral oil, and is prepared by adding emulsifiers (nonionic surfactants and ionic surfactants) into nC22 mineral oil base oil according to the addition amount of 5 wt% to prepare 95 wt% of nC22 mineral oil emulsion, wherein the emulsifiers are from China petrochemical Mao Ming division and institute of biological resource application in Guangdong province. The nonionic surfactant comprises, but is not limited to, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, the ionic surfactant comprises, but is not limited to, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and the mixing mass ratio of the nonionic surfactant to the ionic surfactant is 1. The chemical insecticide used was 70wt.% imidacloprid water dispersible granules from bayer crop science, ltd. Diluting mineral oil and imidacloprid to required concentration with deionized water; the pest is Diaphorina citri (Diaphorina citri) nymph.
The host plant Murraya paniculata (l.) Jack was purchased from the southern flores market of guangzhou mountains, the diaphorina citri was collected from Murraya paniculata at the southern school district of the university of zhongshan, the diaphorina citri and the plant were housed in a greenhouse set at a temperature of 26 ± 1 ℃, an illumination intensity of 6000Lux, an illumination: dark = 10, and a humidity of 70 ± 5%.
Example 1: regression equation and LC (liquid chromatography) for toxicity of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid to diaphorina citri 50 Value determination
The toxicity of the medicament is determined by a spraying method. Pouring 10mL of 1.5wt.% agar into the bottom of a culture dish (diameter is 7cm, height is 1 cm), placing murraya jasminorage tender leaves on the surface of the agar, moving 15 diaphorina citri under a stereomicroscope to the culture dish, spraying 5mL of nC22 mineral oil (62988.80, 31494.40, 15.747.20, 7873.60 and 3936.80 mg/L) with different concentrations and 5mL of deionized water to the culture dish by using a spray tower (10 psi/50 Kpa), transferring to an incubator (the conditions are the same as those of a greenhouse), opening a cover of the culture dish, drying for 30min, covering the cover, and recording the death number of the diaphorina citri after culturing for 24 h. Repeating each treatment for 3 times, and performing Probit regression analysis with SPSS V21.0 statistical software to obtain LC 50 And a virulence regression equation, the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 evaluation of the virulence Effect of nC22 mineral oil and Imidacloprid on Nicotiana citrifolia
Figure BDA0002263483580000051
Note: y is a mortality probability value; x is the logarithmic value of mineral oil concentration.
Example 2: co-toxicity factor (CTF) method for evaluating toxicity effect of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid in mixing
According to the determination results in Table 1, nC22 mineral oil pesticide and imidacloprid are respectively prepared into LC 50 Solutions with concentrations corresponding to the values were prepared into mixed solutions in different proportions, the preparation method is shown in table 2, deionized water was used as a control, the method in example 1 was used for virulence determination, and the number of diaphorina citri deaths was recorded, and each treatment was repeated 3 times.
TABLE 2 nC22 mixing ratio (volume ratio) of mineral oil and imidacloprid
Figure BDA0002263483580000052
The co-toxicity factor was calculated according to the following formula:
a co-toxicity factor = (actual mortality of the combination-theoretical mortality of the combination)/expected mortality of the combination x 100;
actual mortality (%) = (treatment-control mortality)/(100-control mortality) × 100;
theoretical mortality (%) = a drug LC 50 Actual mortality at dose X drug A in mixture LC 50 The ratio of the B medicament LC 50 Actual mortality at dose x drug B in mixture LC 50 The ratio of the components;
if the co-toxicity factor is more than +20, the synergistic effect is shown, if the co-toxicity factor is less than-20, the antagonistic effect is shown, and if the co-toxicity factor is between-20 and +20, the additive effect is shown, and the result is shown in the table 3.
Table 3 evaluation results of toxicity effects (co-toxicity factor method) of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid on diaphorina citri
Figure BDA0002263483580000061
And (4) analyzing results: table 3 shows the toxicity of the combination agent with different proportions to the diaphorina citri by the co-toxicity factor method. The mixing ratio of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid is, in order from high to low, 7, 3, 6, 0, 4, 10, 5, 8, 2, 9. Analysis from co-virulence factors: the mixing proportion of the nC22 mineral oil to the imidacloprid is 5,6, 4 and 8, and the co-toxicity factor is between-20 and +20, which shows that the two have additive action; when the mixing proportion is 1; the mixing proportion is 3.
Example 3: the Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) method is used for evaluating the toxicity of the mixing of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid.
The ratio with synergistic effect is obtained by screening according to a co-toxicity factor method, namely the ratio of the mineral oil to the imidacloprid is respectively 3; 4, the proportioning dilution concentration of the components is 105.93, 52.96, 35.31, 26.48, 21.19 and 17.65mg/L;7, proportioning and diluting concentrations of the components of the Chinese medicinal herb are 183.07, 91.54, 61.025, 45.77, 36.61 and 30.51mg/L; toxicity to diaphorina citri was determined according to the assay in example 1 and the co-toxicity coefficient was calculated according to the formula:
LC of mixed agent actual virulence index (ATI) = A agent 50 LC of/mixture 50 ×100
Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) = TI (A). Times.percentage of agent A in the mixture + TI (B). Times.percentage of agent B in the mixture
LC of virulence index (TI) standard agents 50 LC of test agent 50 ×100
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = actual virulence index (ATI)/theoretical virulence index (TTI) × 100 for mixed agents
If the co-toxicity coefficient is more than 120, the synergistic effect is shown, the additive effect is shown between 80 and 120, and the antagonistic effect is shown when the co-toxicity coefficient is less than 80. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 evaluation results of toxicity effects (co-toxicity coefficient method) of nC22 mineral oil and imidacloprid in mixing on diaphorina citri
Figure BDA0002263483580000071
Note: y is mortality probability value; x is the logarithmic value of mineral oil concentration.
And (4) analyzing results: the co-toxicity coefficient method is used for determining the synergistic effect of the nC22 mineral oil and the imidacloprid in the mixing process on the diaphorina citri. The co-toxicity coefficients of the three mixing ratios are all larger than 120, which shows that 3 mixing ratios have synergistic effect and are consistent with the analysis result of a co-toxicity factor method.
Example 4: evaluation of the synergism of nC22 mineral oil on imidacloprid:
evaluation was made according to the size of the co-virulence factor. When the mixing ratio of nC22 mineral oil to imidacloprid is 7.
Example 5: one of the evaluations of the decrement effect of mineral oil on imidacloprid medicament
According to the toxicity regression equations in the table 1 and the table 4, when the control effects of 90%,95% and 98% are respectively calculated, the effective concentration of the imidacloprid in the single preparation and the effective concentration of the imidacloprid in the mixed preparation are calculated, and the decrement effect of the mineral oil on the imidacloprid is calculated. The results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 evaluation results of the reducing action of nC22 mineral oil on Imidacloprid
Figure BDA0002263483580000081
Figure BDA0002263483580000091
And (4) analyzing results: when the single dose uses imidacloprid to achieve 90 percent of prevention and treatment effect, the effective concentration is 29.853mg/L; when the nC22 is used, the imidacloprid mixture ratio is 3, 7,4 and 7; when the single dose of imidacloprid achieves 95 percent of prevention and treatment effect, the effective concentration is 56.830mg/L; when a mixed agent of nC22 and imidacloprid with the mixture ratio of 3; when single dose of imidacloprid achieves 98 percent of prevention and treatment effect, the effective concentration is 117.292mg/L; when the nC22 is used, the mixing ratio of imidacloprid is 3. Therefore, the proportion with the synergistic effect can obviously reduce the theoretical dosage of the imidacloprid, and the maximum synergistic effect is achieved on the imidacloprid by mixing the nC22 mineral oil and the imidacloprid according to the proportion of 7.
Example 6: two evaluations of the reducing action of mineral oil on Imidacloprid agent
According to the toxicity regression equation in the table 4, when the control effects of 90%,95% and 98% are respectively calculated, the effective concentration of the imidacloprid in the mixed preparation is compared with the recommended concentration (31.343 mg/L) in the imidacloprid field, and the decrement effect of the mineral oil on the imidacloprid medicament is calculated. The results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 evaluation results of reduction effect of nC22 mineral oil on Imidacloprid
Figure BDA0002263483580000092
Figure BDA0002263483580000101
And (4) analyzing results: when the prevention and treatment effect of 90% is achieved, the dosage of the nC22 imidacloprid is respectively 24.920, 23.275 and 28.647mg/L, and the reduction rate is 79.507%, 74.259% and 91.398%; when the prevention and treatment effect of 95% is achieved, the dosage of the nC22 imidacloprid is respectively 20.886, 16.795 and 26.766mg/L by mixing the following components in parts by weight; when the prevention and treatment effect is 98%, the dosage of nC22 and imidacloprid mixed agent is 3, 7,4, 6 and 7, the imidacloprid can be reduced by 13.244, 3.094 and 23.038mg/L, and the reduction rate reaches 42.255%, 9.871% and 73.503%; therefore, the proportion with the synergistic effect can obviously reduce the recommended dosage of the imidacloprid, and the maximum synergistic effect is achieved on the imidacloprid by mixing the nC22 mineral oil and the imidacloprid according to the proportion of 7.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for evaluating toxicity, synergism and decrement effect of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combined use is characterized by comprising the steps of evaluating toxicity, synergism and decrement effect of agricultural mineral oil and chemical insecticide combined use; the toxicity evaluation method of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively detecting the toxicity of agricultural mineral oil and chemical pesticide to pests to obtain toxicity regression equation and LC 50 A value;
(2) Mixing agricultural mineral oil and chemical pesticide LC 50 Mixing solutions with corresponding concentrations, wherein the mixing ratio is 0;
(3) Calculating a co-toxicity factor, evaluating the toxicity effect of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide in combined use, wherein if the co-toxicity factor is more than +20, the co-toxicity factor has a synergistic effect, if the co-toxicity factor is less than-20, the co-toxicity factor has an antagonistic effect, and if the co-toxicity factor is between-20 and +20, the co-toxicity factor has an additive effect;
(4) Detecting the toxicity of the mixed liquid with synergistic effect on pests in a co-toxicity factor method to obtain a toxicity regression equation and a combined effect LC 50 And (3) evaluating the toxicity of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide in combination, wherein if the toxicity coefficient is more than 120, the effect is synergistic, if the toxicity coefficient is less than 80, the effect is antagonistic, and if the toxicity coefficient is between 80 and 120, the effect is additive.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the toxic effect is detected in step (1) and step (4), and the method comprises diluting agricultural mineral oil, chemical pesticide and mixed solution with different times respectively, and detecting the lethal effect on pests.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the synergistic effect of the combination of the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical pesticide is evaluated according to the co-toxicity coefficient, and the proportion of the mixture with the highest co-toxicity coefficient has the highest synergistic effect.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said evaluation of the reduction of agricultural mineral oil in combination with a chemical pesticide is based on regression of virulence equations for comparative LC of use of agricultural mineral oil in combination with a chemical pesticide and chemical pesticide alone 90 、LC 95 、LC 98 When the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide are used in combination, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide and the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide when the chemical insecticide is used singly are quantitatively countedThe decrement effect of the mineral oil on the chemical insecticide was calculated and evaluated.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said evaluating the reduction of the agricultural mineral oil in combination with the chemical pesticide is based on a regression equation of virulence when the agricultural mineral oil is combined with the chemical pesticide comparing the reduction to LC 90 、LC 95 、LC 98 When the agricultural mineral oil and the chemical insecticide are used in a combined mode, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide is used, the effective dosage of the chemical insecticide is recommended to be used in the field, and the decrement effect of the mineral oil on the chemical insecticide is calculated and evaluated quantitatively.
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