CN110923839B - Elastic cotton textile fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Elastic cotton textile fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110923839B CN110923839B CN201911148688.7A CN201911148688A CN110923839B CN 110923839 B CN110923839 B CN 110923839B CN 201911148688 A CN201911148688 A CN 201911148688A CN 110923839 B CN110923839 B CN 110923839B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/56—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of cyclic compounds with one carbon-to-carbon double bond in the side chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/02—Preparation of spinning solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/66—Disintegrating fibre-containing textile articles to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an elastic cotton textile fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the elastic cotton textile fiber is prepared by drying a spinning solution after electrostatic spinning, the solute of the spinning solution is a mixture of a thermoplastic elastomer and type II acetate, and the solvent of the spinning solution is obtained by mixing toluene and sodium alginate and then standing and defoaming. The spinning fiber obtained by the method provided by the invention has a large number of uniform micropores, the elasticity of the fiber is improved by the formed pore structure, meanwhile, the elasticity of the fiber can be improved by the styrene thermoplastic elastomer and the type II acetate, the high elasticity performance of the fiber is endowed, and the obtained fiber can be directly spun to prepare elastic cotton with high elasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer fibers, in particular to an elastic cotton textile fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the existing elastomers, common foams mostly use polyurethane as a raw material, so that the elastomers have the defects of toxicity, flammability, poor elasticity, poor heat retention, short service life and the like; in addition, the prior glue-spraying cotton uses polyester fiber as raw material, the process flow is that the common polyester fiber is sent into a cotton feeder after being processed by a bale opener, a cotton opener and opened, then is carded into a thin layer by a carding machine, namely, the fiber is in two-dimensional distribution, then the thin layer-shaped polyester fiber layer in the two-dimensional distribution is folded into the required thickness by a forming machine, and is sprayed with adhesive to combine the layer-by-layer fiber, and is dried to obtain the glue-spraying cotton. Because the fibers of the glue-sprayed cotton are distributed in two dimensions, the glue-sprayed cotton has poor strength and elasticity and is easy to rise. Elastic cotton is effective in solving the above problems, and thus has been receiving attention in recent years.
The elastic cotton is made up by using a hollow crimped fibre and a low-melting-point fibre as raw material through a certain technological process. The elastic fabric has the main advantages of good hand feeling, enough elasticity, easy arrangement, good use, larger flexibility, being capable of meeting the bending requirement of each part of the body, being difficult to wrinkle and generating pleats, and has wide application in the fields of furniture, sound box sound-absorbing cotton, baby products, cushions, bed products, car roofs, pillows, bras and the like.
Most of the elastic cotton in the prior art is realized by weaving the fabric to form various meshes, but the process method causes the fabric of the elastic surface to be thicker and has complex process, thereby restricting the further development and application of the elastic cotton.
The Chinese patent application No. 01108644.0 discloses an elastic cotton, which mainly provides an elastic cotton for replacing foam and glue-spraying cotton, wherein a hollow crimped fiber and a low-melting-point fiber are prepared into raw materials, the raw materials are sequentially subjected to cotton grabbing, cotton opening, cotton carding and web forming, and then are sequentially subjected to pre-needling, reverse needling and positive needling to enable the fibers to be distributed in three dimensions, so that the strength of the web is increased, the elasticity is enhanced, and the heat retention is improved, and then the surfaces of the low-melting-point fibers in the web are melted through hot drying and bonding, so that the mutual bonding and supporting effects are achieved, and the elasticity and strength of the web are further improved. The Chinese patent application No. 01230754.8 discloses an elastic cotton, which is characterized in that the principle of the elastic cotton is that the elastic force generated by a piece of folded paper is far greater than the original elastic force, and then the folded paper is baked by an oven, so that the fiber with low melting point is dissolved to combine other fibers and adhere the fibers together, thereby improving the elasticity of the cotton net, and no chemical reagent is added in the production process, so the environmental protection property of the manufacturing process is good.
In order to effectively control the thickness of the stretch cotton and simplify the manufacturing process while maintaining the good elasticity of the stretch cotton, it is necessary to provide a novel stretch cotton textile fiber and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to obtain the stretch cotton fiber with good elasticity by a simple process, and reduce the thickness while ensuring the elasticity of the stretch cotton fabric.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of high thickness and complex preparation process of the existing elastic cotton, the invention provides the elastic cotton textile fiber and the preparation method thereof, so that the thickness can be effectively reduced while the elastic cotton is improved, and the preparation process is simple.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the elastic cotton textile fiber is prepared by drying a spinning solution after electrostatic spinning, wherein the solute of the spinning solution is a mixture of a thermoplastic elastomer and type II acetate, and the solvent of the spinning solution is obtained by mixing toluene and sodium alginate and then standing for defoaming.
Preferably, the thermoplastic elastomer is one or a combination of two or more of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isobutylene-styrene block copolymer, a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene propylene-styrene triblock copolymer, and a styrene- [ ethylene- (ethylene-propylene) ] -styrene block copolymer.
Preferably, the sodium alginate is micron-sized micro powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the elastic cotton textile fiber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the thermoplastic elastomer and the type II acetate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200-300rpm for 10-30min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) placing toluene and sodium alginate in a stirrer, stirring, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion, collecting dispersion, standing, and defoaming to obtain a solvent;
(3) mixing the mixture as a solute with a solvent in proportion, and stirring at the rotating speed of 250-350rpm for 10-30min to obtain a spinning solution;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, performing electrostatic spinning in a high-humidity environment, and collecting to obtain spinning fibers;
(5) and (3) cleaning and drying the spinning fiber to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
Preferably, in the preparation of the mixture in the step (1), the mass ratio of the thermoplastic elastomer to the diacetone ester is (1-2): 1.
preferably, in the preparation of the solvent in the step (2), the mass ratio of the toluene to the sodium alginate is (3-5): 1.
preferably, the standing and defoaming time in the step (2) is 18-24 h.
Preferably, in the spinning solution in the step (3), the mass percentage concentration of the solute is 10-15%. .
Preferably, in the electrostatic spinning in the step (4), the spinning voltage is 1.5-2 ten thousand volts, and the spinning distance is 15 cm.
Preferably, the high humidity environment in step (4) is maintained at 95% humidity, too low humidity does not form water pores on the fiber surface, and too high humidity causes excessive moisture to be adsorbed on the fiber, which affects the fiber strength.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step (5) is 55-65 ℃, and the drying time is 6-8 h.
The thermoplastic elastomer has the advantages of high elasticity, aging resistance and oil resistance, and has the characteristics of convenient processing and wide processing mode of common plastics. The invention uses the mixture of styrene thermoplastic elastomer and II-type acetate as the solute of the spinning solution, which can effectively improve the elasticity of the obtained fiber.
Further, use toluene and sodium alginate as the raw materials and mix the back solvent that the deaeration obtained the spinning solution that stews, toluene is as the solvent, the boiling point is low under the ordinary pressure, can volatilize fast, because the volatilization of toluene can make the temperature reduce fast, make the spinning fiber surface temperature that obtains reduce fast, easily make the outside high humid environment's of fibre steam condensation at the fiber surface, because water is the coagulant of sodium alginate, the drop of water has just become the pore-forming agent so, make the spinning fibre that obtains have a large amount of even micropores, wash through washing messenger partial exposed sodium alginate, the fibre of the pore structure of formation can effectively improve the elasticity of fibre self.
The existing elastic cotton has the defects of low thickness and complex process, and the application of the elastic cotton is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides an elastic cotton textile fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a thermoplastic elastomer and two-type acetate are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; placing toluene and micron-sized sodium alginate in a stirrer, stirring, mixing, ultrasonically dispersing, collecting dispersion liquid, standing and defoaming to obtain a solvent; uniformly mixing the mixture as a solute with a solvent in proportion to obtain a spinning solution; and (3) placing the spinning solution into an electrostatic spinning injector, performing electrostatic spinning in a high-humidity environment, collecting, cleaning and drying to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber. The spinning fiber obtained by the method provided by the invention has a large number of uniform micropores, the elasticity of the fiber is improved by the formed pore structure, meanwhile, the elasticity of the fiber can be improved by the styrene thermoplastic elastomer and the type II acetate, the high elasticity performance of the fiber is endowed, and the obtained fiber can be directly spun to prepare elastic cotton with high elasticity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the elastic cotton textile fiber and the preparation method thereof, and the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects are as follows:
1. the method takes toluene and sodium alginate as raw materials to be mixed and then stands for deaeration to obtain the solvent of the spinning solution, the toluene is taken as the solvent, the boiling point is low under normal pressure, the solvent can be volatilized quickly, the temperature can be reduced quickly due to the volatilization of the toluene, the surface temperature of the obtained spinning fiber is reduced quickly, the water vapor in the high-humidity environment outside the fiber is easy to condense on the surface of the fiber, water is the coagulant of the sodium alginate, water drops form a pore-forming agent, the obtained spinning fiber has a large number of uniform micropores, and part of exposed sodium alginate is washed away through cleaning, so that the elasticity of the fiber can be effectively improved.
2. The styrene thermoplastic elastomer and the type II acetate of the invention can also improve the elasticity of the fiber.
3. The invention realizes high elasticity of the fiber by forming the fiber into the elastic micropores, thereby directly preparing the elastic cotton with high elasticity by spinning.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Mixing a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and diacetone according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 250rpm for 20min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) toluene and micron-sized sodium alginate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4: 1, mixing and placing in a stirrer, stirring, mixing and ultrasonically dispersing, collecting dispersion, standing and defoaming for 21 hours to obtain a solvent;
(3) taking the mixture as a solute and stirring the mixture and a solvent for 20min at the rotating speed of 300rpm to prepare spinning solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, enabling the humidity of a spinning environment to be 95%, performing electrostatic spinning, enabling the spinning voltage to be 1.8 ten thousand volts and the spinning distance to be 15cm, and collecting to obtain spinning fibers;
(5) and (3) washing the spinning fiber with clear water, removing exposed sodium alginate, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 7 hours to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
The test method comprises the following steps:
the textile fiber prepared in this example was subjected to a performance test, and a clamping distance of 10mm and a drawing speed of 10mm/min were measured by a YG001A type single fiber electronic strength tester at room temperature of 25 ℃ and humidity of 55%, and a breaking elongation and a 300% rebound after drawing were measured. The elongation is the elongation at break, which is the percentage of the elongation of the fiber material when stretched to break, which accounts for the original length before stretching; the spring back ratio is such that the tensile elongation of 300% can be restored to the original length. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
(1) Mixing a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer and vinyl acetate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 200rpm for 25min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) toluene and sodium alginate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3: 1, mixing and placing in a stirrer, stirring, mixing and ultrasonically dispersing, collecting dispersion, standing and defoaming for 20 hours to obtain a solvent;
(3) taking the mixture as a solute and stirring the mixture and a solvent for 25min at the rotating speed of 250rpm to prepare a spinning solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15%;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, performing electrostatic spinning, wherein the spinning voltage is 1.5 ten thousand volts, the spinning distance is 15cm, the humidity of the environment after the spinning is carried out is kept at 95%, so that fine water drops are condensed on the surface of the fiber, and collecting to obtain the spinning fiber;
(5) and (3) cleaning the spinning fiber, and drying at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 8h to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Mixing a styrene-ethylene-styrene block copolymer and vinyl acetate according to the mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing, stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm for 15min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) toluene and sodium alginate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, placing the mixture in a stirrer, stirring, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion, collecting dispersion, standing, and defoaming for 24 hours to obtain a solvent;
(3) taking the mixture as a solute and stirring the mixture and a solvent for 15min at the rotating speed of 350rpm to prepare a spinning solution with the mass percentage concentration of 15%;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, and performing electrostatic spinning, wherein the spinning voltage is 2 ten thousand volts, the spinning distance is 15cm, and the spinning environment humidity is 95%, so that fine water drops are quickly formed on the surface of the fiber, and collecting to obtain the spinning fiber;
(5) and (3) cleaning the spinning fiber, and drying for 6 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 compared with example 1, the elastic cotton textile fiber prepared without adding sodium alginate can not effectively form micropores, thereby affecting the elasticity of the fiber, and the method of example 1 is adopted for testing, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 compared with example 1, filamentation in a 65% humidity environment failed to effectively form fine water droplets on the fiber surface, affecting the amount of micropores formed. The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 compared with example 1, the excess water not only did not form micropores when the spinning was carried out in the environment of the spray water, but also significantly reduced the strength of the fiber, and the obtained fiber was very easy to break. The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1:
Claims (10)
1. the elastic cotton textile fiber is characterized in that the elastic cotton textile fiber is prepared by drying spinning solution after electrostatic spinning, the solute of the spinning solution is the mixture of thermoplastic elastomer and type II acetate, and the solvent of the spinning solution is obtained by mixing toluene and sodium alginate and then standing for deaeration;
mixing a thermoplastic elastomer with the type II acetate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200-300rpm for 10-30min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) placing toluene and sodium alginate in a stirrer, stirring, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion, collecting dispersion, standing, and defoaming to obtain a solvent;
(3) mixing the mixture as a solute with a solvent in proportion, and stirring at the rotating speed of 250-350rpm for 10-30min to obtain a spinning solution;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, performing electrostatic spinning in a high-humidity environment, and collecting to obtain spinning fibers;
(5) and (3) cleaning and drying the spinning fiber to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
2. The spandex textile fiber of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is one or a combination of two or more of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isobutylene-styrene block copolymer, a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene propylene-styrene triblock copolymer, and a styrene- [ ethylene- (ethylene-propylene) ] -styrene block copolymer.
3. The spandex textile fiber of claim 1, wherein the sodium alginate is micron-sized fine powder.
4. A process for the preparation of a stretch cotton textile fibre according to any of claims 1 to 3, in particular by the following process:
(1) mixing the thermoplastic elastomer with the type II acetate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200-300rpm for 10-30min to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) placing toluene and sodium alginate in a stirrer, stirring, mixing, performing ultrasonic dispersion, collecting dispersion, standing, and defoaming to obtain a solvent;
(3) mixing the mixture as a solute with a solvent in proportion, and stirring at the rotating speed of 250-350rpm for 10-30min to obtain a spinning solution;
(4) placing the spinning solution in an electrostatic spinning injector, performing electrostatic spinning in a high-humidity environment, and collecting to obtain spinning fibers;
(5) and (3) cleaning and drying the spinning fiber to obtain the elastic cotton textile fiber.
5. The method for preparing spandex textile fiber according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1) of preparing the mixture, the mass ratio of the thermoplastic elastomer to the secondary acetate is (1-2): 1.
6. the method for preparing the spandex textile fiber according to claim 4, wherein in the solvent preparation in the step (2), the mass ratio of toluene to sodium alginate is (3-5): 1.
7. the method for preparing spandex textile fiber according to claim 4, wherein the standing and defoaming time in the step (2) is 18-24 h.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the concentration of the solute in the spinning solution in the step (3) is 10-15% by mass.
9. The method for preparing an elastic cotton textile fiber according to claim 4, wherein in the electrostatic spinning in the step (4), the spinning voltage is 1.5-2 ten thousand volts, and the spinning distance is 15 cm.
10. The method for preparing an elastic cotton textile fiber according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature in the step (5) is 55-65 ℃, and the drying time is 6-8 h.
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