CN110919135A - Preparation method for Babbitt metal composite welding on surface of curved surface bearing bush - Google Patents
Preparation method for Babbitt metal composite welding on surface of curved surface bearing bush Download PDFInfo
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- CN110919135A CN110919135A CN201911219616.7A CN201911219616A CN110919135A CN 110919135 A CN110919135 A CN 110919135A CN 201911219616 A CN201911219616 A CN 201911219616A CN 110919135 A CN110919135 A CN 110919135A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of a curved surface bearing bush, which comprises the following steps: 1) processing a curved-surface bearing bush blank; 2) integrally preheating the curved-surface bearing bush; 3) cleaning the surface before welding; 4) in a pulse welding mode, welding a babbit metal bottom layer along a preset welding path by adopting a right-hand welding method; 5) and welding the second layer of Babbitt metal and the third layer of Babbitt metal along a preset welding path by adopting a cold metal transition mode and a left welding method. The method disclosed by the invention can improve the welding forming quality of the Babbitt metal on the surface of the curved bearing bush, solve the problem of Babbitt metal collapse at the edge of the bearing bush, improve the bonding strength, prolong the service life, reduce the repair rate of products and save the material cost.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of manufacturing of hydraulic generator products, in particular to a preparation method for babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of a curved-surface bearing bush of a large hydraulic generator.
Background art:
the bearing bush is an important component of the bearing and is used for supporting the shaft and parts on the shaft, so that the rotation precision of the shaft is ensured, and the friction between the shaft and the parts on the shaft is reduced. In order to improve the wear resistance of the bearing bush, Babbitt alloy with the thickness of 3 mm-6 mm is generally prepared on the surface of the bearing bush.
The traditional production process of the bearing bush surface Babbitt metal layer mainly adopts two modes of static casting and centrifugal casting, and due to the characteristics that the melting point of a Babbitt metal material is low and the densities of three intermetallic compounds are different during crystallization, the Babbitt metal layer obtained by centrifugal casting or static casting has the problems of component segregation, low bonding strength, more surface defects and the like, and in addition, the casting process is complicated in procedure, extremely low in automation degree and unstable in product quality.
In recent years, a process for realizing the welding preparation of babbitt metal on the surface of a bearing bush by adopting a CMT cold metal transition technology is developed in the industry, the problems of component segregation, more surface defects and the like are basically solved, but based on the characteristic that the heat input amount of the CMT cold metal transition technology is extremely low, the metallurgical reaction between the prepared babbitt metal and a base metal of a bearing bush base body is usually very little, so that the bonding strength of the babbitt metal is not too high, and the bonding strength between the babbitt metal prepared by adopting the CMT cold metal transition technology and the bearing bush base body is found to be 20 MPa-30 MPa in actual production, which greatly influences the service life of a product; in addition, because the babbitt metal has a low melting point (the solidus temperature is 240 ℃ and the liquidus temperature is 370 ℃), the babbitt metal is very easy to flow in the welding process, when the babbitt metal is overlaid by adopting automatic welding equipment according to a zigzag path, the obtained babbitt metal has the characteristics of thick middle and thin edge, fig. 5 shows a cross section schematic diagram of the babbitt metal on the surface of the bearing bush obtained by the traditional zigzag welding track, the flowing of the babbitt metal in the welding process causes the edge position to collapse in a large range, the collapse range is about 10 mm-25 mm away from the edge of a curved surface tile, the babbitt metal at the edge directly causes the waste of welding materials, and the thickness of the babbitt metal in the area directly causes the product design requirement to be not met and manual repair welding is needed.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to improve the welding forming quality of the babbitt metal on the surface of the curved-surface bearing bush, improve the bonding strength of the babbitt metal and a curved-surface bearing bush substrate, prolong the service life of the curved-surface bearing bush, reduce the product repair rate and save the material cost, the babbitt metal composite welding preparation method for the surface of the curved-surface bearing bush of the hydraulic generator is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of Babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of a curved surface bearing bush comprises the following steps:
1) processing a curved-surface bearing bush blank, wherein the roughness of the surface to be welded is not more than Ra12.5 mu m, a 5mm processing allowance is left around the surface to be welded, and the dimensional tolerance is not more than 0.5 mm;
2) integrally preheating the machined curved-surface bearing bush blank, wherein the preheating temperature is not lower than 80 ℃;
3) horizontally placing and fixing the preheated curved bearing bush blank on a welding operation table, wherein the surface to be welded is upward;
4) polishing the surface to be welded of the curved-surface bearing bush blank by adopting a mechanical mode, and removing oil stains, impurities and oxides on the surface;
5) welding the priming coat by adopting a pulse welding mode: welding current is 110A-125A, welding voltage is 18V-22V, arc length is corrected by-10%, pulse is corrected by-5%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a right-hand welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 6000-8000 mm/min, the welding speed is 600-1200 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: arc starting welding is carried out on a first arc starting point, the first arc extinguishing point is welded to the first arc quenching point along a first path, the second arc starting point is welded to the second arc quenching point, the third arc starting point is welded to the third arc quenching point along a third path, the fourth arc starting point is welded to the fourth arc quenching point along a fourth path, the fifth arc starting point is welded to the fifth arc quenching point, the fifth arc quenching point is welded to the fifth arc quenching point along a fifth path, a gun is cleaned and wire cut by the welding gun, then the welding gun is moved to the sixth arc starting point for arc starting welding, the welding gun is welded to the sixth arc quenching point along the sixth path to complete bottom layer welding, and the gun is cleaned and wire cut by the welding gun again;
6) polishing and cleaning the welded bottom babbit alloy by using a steel wire brush, and removing floating ash and welding spatters;
7) welding a second layer, and adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: starting arc welding at a seventh arc starting point, welding to a seventh arc quenching point along a seventh path, starting arc welding to an eighth arc starting point, welding to an eighth arc quenching point along an eighth path, starting arc welding to a ninth arc starting point, welding to a ninth arc quenching point along a ninth path, starting arc welding to a tenth arc starting point, welding to a tenth arc quenching point along a tenth path, starting arc welding to an eleventh arc quenching point, welding to an eleventh arc quenching point along an eleventh path, cleaning a gun and cutting wires of the gun, moving to the twelfth arc starting point for arc welding, welding to the twelfth arc quenching point along the twelfth path for arc quenching to complete second layer welding, and cleaning the gun and cutting wires of the gun again;
8) welding a third layer by adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: and performing arc starting welding at a thirteenth arc starting point, welding to a thirteenth arc quenching point along a thirteenth path, performing arc starting welding to a fourteenth arc starting point, welding to a fourteenth arc quenching point along a fourteenth path, performing arc quenching to a fifteenth arc starting point, welding to a fifteenth arc quenching point along a fifteenth path, performing arc starting welding to a sixteenth arc starting point, welding to a sixteenth arc quenching point along a sixteenth path, performing arc starting welding to a seventeenth arc starting point, welding to a seventeenth arc quenching point along a seventeenth path, performing gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun, then moving to an eighteenth arc starting point, performing arc starting welding to the eighteenth arc quenching point along the eighteenth path to complete third layer welding, performing gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun again, and completing the preparation of the Babbitt alloy curved surface tile overlaying welding.
Further, in the preparation method for the babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, the diameter of the babbitt metal welding wire is phi 1.5 mm-phi 1.7mm, and the protective gas is argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent.
Further, the Babbitt metal composite welding preparation method for the surfaces of the curved surface bearing shoes comprises the step 5) of welding the bottom layer, wherein the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the first path, the second path, the third path and the fourth path and the edges of the surfaces to be welded are 2-3 mm, the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the first path, the second path, the third path and the fourth path and the two welding track envelopes of the fifth path and the sixth path are 4-7 mm, and the track distance between the two welding tracks of the fifth path and the sixth path is 4-7 mm.
Further, in the method for preparing the babbitt metal on the surface of the curved surface bearing bush by composite welding, step 7) is carried out on welding the second layer, the distances between the envelopes of the four welding tracks of the seventh path, the eighth path, the ninth path and the tenth path and the edge of the surface to be welded are 5.5-6.5 mm, the distances between the envelopes of the four welding tracks of the seventh path, the eighth path, the ninth path and the tenth path and the envelopes of the two welding tracks of the eleventh path and the twelfth path are 5-8 mm, and the track spacing between the two welding tracks of the eleventh path and the twelfth path is 5-8 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the Babbitt metal composite welding for the surfaces of the curved surface bearing shoes comprises the step 8) of welding a third layer, wherein the distances between the envelope curves of four welding tracks of a thirteenth path, a fourteenth path, a fifteenth path and a sixteenth path and the edges of the surfaces to be welded are 7-8 mm, the distances between the envelopes of four welding tracks of the thirteenth path, the fourteenth path, the fifteenth path and the sixteenth path and the envelopes of two welding tracks of a seventeenth path and an eighteenth path are 5-8 mm, and the track spacing between the two welding tracks of the seventeenth path and the eighteenth path is 5-8 mm.
Further, according to the preparation method for the babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, welding tracks in the step 5), the step 7) and the step 8), all the circumferential welding routes of the curved surface adopt a mode of welding upwards along the curved surface, and all the axial welding routes of the curved surface adopt a mode of welding along the axial horizontal direction.
Further, in the preparation method for babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, the distances between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and adjacent welding tracks in the step 5) are 4-7 mm.
Further, in the preparation method for babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, the distances between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and adjacent welding tracks in the step 7) and the step 8) are 5-8 mm.
The technical effects are as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method for babbitt metal composite welding of the surface of a curved surface bearing bush, provides a detailed welding process scheme, and has the following technical advantages:
1) compared with the process for preparing babbit metal by adopting a CMT cold metal transition single welding mode in the background technology, the babbit metal surface babbit metal composite welding preparation method adopts a pulse mode to weld a babbit metal bottoming layer, the instantaneous energy density can be improved by performing bottoming welding in the pulse mode, the interface reaction degree of the babbit metal and the bearing bush base metal is improved, and further the bonding strength of the babbit metal and the bearing bush base is improved, in addition, the bottoming layer welding adopts a right welding method, the penetration can be further increased, the bonding strength is improved, and the process verifies that the bottoming welding is performed by adopting the pulse welding mode provided by the invention, and the bonding strength of the babbit metal and the bearing bush base is more than 75 MPa;
2) according to the preparation method for the babbitt metal composite welding of the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, the second layer and the third layer are welded in a cold metal transition mode, the welding mode is a left-hand welding method, welding spatter can be effectively reduced, the waviness of the surface after welding is reduced, the subsequent processing amount is reduced, and the forming quality of the babbitt metal surface is improved;
3) aiming at the condition that the babbit metal has low melting point and is easy to collapse at the edge position of a bearing bush when welding babbit metal with certain thickness, the invention provides a more advantageous welding track, wherein a circle of annular welding line is firstly welded at the inner side of the edge of the bearing bush when each layer of welding line is welded, then the welding is carried out in the annular welding line according to a zigzag track, the distance between the annular welding line of each layer and the edge of the bearing bush is different, the annular welding line of a priming layer is 2-3 mm away from the edge of the bearing bush, the annular welding line of a second layer is 5-6.5 mm away from the edge of the bearing bush, the annular welding line of the second layer is 7-8 mm away from the edge of the bearing bush, the welding track layout mode effectively prevents the collapse caused by the melting flow of the babbit metal at the edge position in the welding process, the forming condition refers to the attached figure 6 of the specification, the periphery of the bearing bush is machined to 3-5 mm after the welding, repair welding is not needed, the waste of babbitt metal materials is reduced, and the cost is saved;
4) according to the preparation method for the babbitt metal composite welding of the surface of the curved surface bearing bush, the welding tracks designed in the process scheme are all in a climbing welding mode along the circumferential welding route of the curved surface and are all in a horizontal welding mode along the axial welding route of the curved surface, so that the condition that the whole welding process has no downhill welding is ensured on the premise of not displacing the curved surface bearing bush, the occurrence probability of welding slag inclusion defects is effectively reduced, and the welding quality is improved;
5) the babbitt metal composite welding preparation method for the surface of the curved bearing bush and the detailed process scheme thereof are suitable for manual welding, mechanical welding and automatic welding, and are particularly suitable for automatic robot welding;
description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a curved surface bearing bush of a hydraulic generator and a welding track of Babbitt metal on the surface of the bearing bush
FIG. 2 is a top view of a welding track of a Babbitt metal bottom layer on the surface of a curved bearing bush of a hydraulic generator
FIG. 3 is a top view of a welding track of a second layer of babbitt metal on the surface of a curved bearing bush of a hydraulic generator
FIG. 4 is a top view of the welding track of the babbitt metal third layer on the surface of the curved bearing bush of the hydraulic generator
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of babbitt metal on the surface of a bush obtained by a conventional welding track
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Babbitt metal on the surface of a bearing shell obtained by welding the track of the invention:
1, a curved surface bearing bush blank; 2 the surface to be welded;
3, a first starting arc point; 4 a first path;
5, a first arc extinguishing point; 6, a second arc starting point;
7 a second path; 8, a second arc extinguishing point;
9 a third arcing point; 10a third path;
11 a third arc extinguishing point; 12 a fourth arcing point;
13 a fourth path; 14 a fourth arc quenching point;
15 a fifth arcing point; 16 a fifth path;
17 a fifth arc quenching point; 18 sixth arcing point;
19 a sixth path; 20 sixth arc extinction point;
21 a seventh arcing point; 22 a seventh path;
23 a seventh arc quenching point; 24, an eighth arcing point;
25 an eighth path; 26 eighth arc quenching point;
27 ninth arc starting point; 28 ninth path;
29 ninth arc quenching point; 30 tenth arc starting point;
31 tenth path; 32 tenth arc quenching point;
33 eleventh arc starting point; 34 an eleventh path;
35 eleventh arc quenching point; 36 twelfth arcing point;
37 a twelfth path; 38 a twelfth arc quenching point;
39 thirteenth arc starting point; 40 a thirteenth path;
41 thirteenth arc quenching point; 42 fourteenth arc starting point;
43 a fourteenth path; 44 fourteenth arc quenching point;
45 fifteenth arc starting point; 46 a fifteenth path;
47 fifteenth arc-extinguishing point; 48 sixteenth arcing point;
49 sixteenth path; 50 sixteenth arc extinguishing point;
51 seventeenth arc starting point; a seventeenth path 52;
53 seventeenth arc extinction point; 54 eighteenth arc starting point;
an eighteenth path; 56 eighteenth arc extinction point;
57 the circumferential section of the curved bearing bush base body;
58 welding the babbitt metal section by the traditional process;
59 babbitt metal edge forming by traditional welding process;
60 the cross section of the babbitt metal obtained by welding by the method is obtained;
61 forming the welded babbit metal edge by the method of the invention;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is a composite welding preparation method of babbitt metal on the surface of a curved bearing bush of a hydraulic generator, which has high welding forming quality, high bonding strength, less welding seam defects and low repair rate, the babbitt metal on the curved bearing bush obtained by the method has longer service life and low manufacturing cost, the babbitt metal is prepared on the surface of a guide bush on a white crane beach as an example, the product structure is shown in figure 1, and the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps:
1) processing a curved-surface bearing bush blank 1, wherein the roughness of a surface 2 to be welded is not more than Ra12.5 mu m, a 5mm processing allowance is left around the surface 2 to be welded, and the dimensional tolerance is not more than 0.5 mm;
2) integrally preheating the machined curved-surface bearing bush blank 1, wherein the preheating temperature is not lower than 80 ℃;
3) horizontally placing and fixing the preheated curved bearing bush blank 1 on a welding operation table, wherein the surface 2 to be welded is upward;
4) polishing the surface 2 to be welded of the curved-surface bearing bush blank 1 by adopting a mechanical mode, and removing oil stains, impurities and oxides on the surface;
5) welding the priming coat by adopting a pulse welding mode: welding current is 110A-125A, welding voltage is 18V-22V, arc length is corrected by-10%, pulse is corrected by-5%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a right-hand welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the diameter of a used babbit welding wire is phi 1.5-phi 1.7mm, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 13-17 mm, the purity of a protective gas is argon gas with a purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, the flow of the protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 6000-8000 mm/min, the welding speed is 600-1200 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: at 3 arc starting welding of first arc starting point, weld to 5 arc blowout points along first route 4 and put out the arc to the first arc blowout point, to 6 arc starting welding of second arc starting point, weld to 8 arc blowout points along second route 7 and put out the arc to the second arc blowout point, to 9 arc starting welding of third arc starting point, weld to 11 arc blowout points along third route 10 and put out the arc, to 12 arc starting welding of fourth arc starting point, weld to 14 arc blowout points along fourth route 13 and put out the arc to the fourth arc blowout point, to 15 arc starting welding of fifth arc starting point, weld to 17 arc blowout points along fifth route 16, carry out the clear rifle wire cutting operation to the rifle, later move to 18 arc starting welding of sixth arc starting point, weld to 20 arc blowout points along sixth route 19 and accomplish the bottom layer welding of putting out the arc, clear rifle wire cutting operation to the rifle again, wherein: the distance between four welding track envelopes of a first path 4, a second path 7, a third path 10 and a fourth path 13 and the edge of a surface 2 to be welded is 2-3 mm, the distance between four welding track envelopes of the first path 4, the second path 7, the third path 10 and the fourth path 13 and two welding track envelopes of a fifth path 16 and a sixth path 19 is 4-7 mm, the track interval between two welding tracks of the fifth path 16 and the sixth path 19 is 4-7 mm, all welding tracks along the circumferential direction of a curved surface adopt a climbing welding mode, all welding tracks along the axial direction of the curved surface adopt a horizontal welding mode, and the distance between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and adjacent welding tracks is 4-7 mm, as shown in figure 2;
6) polishing and cleaning the welded bottom babbit alloy by using a steel wire brush, and removing floating ash and welding spatters;
7) welding a second layer, and adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the diameter of a babbitt metal welding wire is phi 1.5-phi 1.7mm, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 13-17 mm, the protective gas is argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, the flow of the protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out arc starting welding at a seventh arc starting point 21, welding to a seventh arc extinguishing point 23 along a seventh path 22, carrying out arc quenching to an eighth arc starting point 24, welding to an eighth arc extinguishing point 26 along an eighth path 25, carrying out arc quenching to a ninth arc starting point 27, welding to a ninth arc extinguishing point 29 along a ninth path 28, carrying out arc quenching to a tenth arc starting point 30, welding to a tenth arc extinguishing point 32 along a tenth path 31, carrying out arc quenching to an eleventh arc starting point 33, welding to an eleventh arc extinguishing point 35 along an eleventh path 34, carrying out gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on a welding gun, then moving to a twelfth arc starting point 36, carrying out arc quenching to a twelfth arc extinguishing point 38 along a twelfth path 37, completing second layer welding, and carrying out gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun again, wherein: the distances between four welding track envelopes of the seventh path 22, the eighth path 25, the ninth path 28 and the tenth path 31 and the edge of the surface 2 to be welded are 5.5 mm-6.5 mm, the distances between four welding track envelopes of the seventh path 22, the eighth path 25, the ninth path 28 and the tenth path 31 and two welding track envelopes of the eleventh path 34 and the twelfth path 37 are 5 mm-8 mm, the track pitch between two welding tracks of the eleventh path 34 and the twelfth path 37 is 5 mm-8 mm, all welding tracks along the circumferential direction of the curved surface adopt a climbing welding mode, all welding tracks along the axial direction of the curved surface adopt a horizontal welding mode, and the distances between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and adjacent welding tracks are 5 mm-8 mm, as shown in fig. 3;
8) welding a third layer by adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the diameter of a used babbit welding wire is phi 1.5-phi 1.7mm, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 13-17 mm, the purity of a protective gas is argon gas with a purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, the flow of the protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: arc starting welding is carried out at a thirteenth arc starting point 39, arc quenching is carried out from a thirteenth arc extinguishing point 41 along a thirteenth path 40, arc quenching is carried out from a fourteenth arc starting point 42, arc quenching is carried out from a fourteenth arc extinguishing point 44 along a fourteenth path 43, arc quenching is carried out from a fifteenth arc starting point 45 along a fifteenth path 46, arc quenching is carried out from a fifteenth arc extinguishing point 47 along a fifteenth path 46, arc quenching is carried out from a sixteenth arc starting point 48, arc quenching is carried out from a sixteenth arc extinguishing point 50 along a sixteenth path 49, arc quenching is carried out from a seventeenth arc starting point 51, arc quenching is carried out from a seventeenth path 52 to a seventeenth arc extinguishing point 53, gun cleaning and wire shearing are carried out on the gun, arc starting welding is carried out from an eighteenth arc starting point 54, arc quenching is carried out from an eighteenth path 55 to an eighteenth arc extinguishing point 56, third layer welding is completed, gun cleaning and wire shearing are carried out again on the gun, curved surface babbitt metal alloy preparation is completed, wherein: the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the thirteenth path 40, the fourteenth path 43, the fifteenth path 46 and the sixteenth path 49 and the edge of the surface 2 to be welded are 7 mm-8 mm, the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the thirteenth path 40, the fourteenth path 43, the fifteenth path 46 and the sixteenth path 49 and the two welding track envelopes of the seventeenth path 52 and the eighteenth path 55 are 5 mm-8 mm, the track pitch between the two welding tracks of the seventeenth path 34 and the eighteenth path 37 is 5 mm-8 mm, all welding routes along the circumferential direction of the curved surface adopt a ramp welding mode, all welding routes along the axial direction of the curved surface adopt a horizontal welding mode, and the distances between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and adjacent welding tracks are 5 mm-8 mm, as shown in fig. 4.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of Babbitt metal composite welding on the surface of a curved surface bearing bush is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) processing a curved-surface bearing bush blank (1), wherein the roughness of the surface (2) to be welded is not more than Ra12.5 mu m, a machining allowance of 3-5 mm is reserved around the surface (2) to be welded, and the dimensional tolerance is not more than 0.5 mm;
2) integrally preheating the processed curved surface bearing bush blank (1) at the preheating temperature of 70-90 ℃;
3) horizontally placing and fixing the preheated curved-surface bearing bush blank (1) on a welding operation table, wherein the surface (2) to be welded is upward;
4) polishing the surface (2) to be welded of the curved-surface bearing bush blank (1) by adopting a mechanical mode, and removing oil stains, impurities and oxides on the surface;
5) welding the priming coat by adopting a pulse welding mode: welding current is 110A-125A, welding voltage is 18V-22V, arc length is corrected by-10%, pulse is corrected by-5%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a right-hand welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 6000-8000 mm/min, the welding speed is 600-1200 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: arc starting welding is carried out on a first arc starting point (3), the first arc starting point is welded to a first arc extinguishing point (5) along a first path (4) for arc quenching, the second arc starting point (6) for arc quenching is welded to a second arc extinguishing point (8) along a second path (7), the third arc starting point (9) for arc quenching, the third arc extinguishing point (11) for arc quenching along a third path (10), the fourth arc starting point (12) for arc quenching, the fourth arc extinguishing point (14) for arc quenching along a fourth path (13), the fifth arc starting point (15) for arc quenching, the fifth arc extinguishing point (17) for arc quenching along a fifth path (16), a gun is subjected to gun cleaning and wire cutting operation, the gun is moved to a sixth arc starting point (18) for arc striking, the gun is welded to a sixth arc extinguishing point (20) along a sixth path (19) for arc quenching to finish bottom layer arc striking welding, and the gun is subjected to gun cleaning and wire cutting operation again;
6) polishing and cleaning the welded bottom babbit alloy by using a steel wire brush, and removing floating ash and welding spatters;
7) welding a second layer, and adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: arc starting welding at a seventh arc starting point (21), arc quenching welding along a seventh path (22) to a seventh arc extinguishing point (23), arc starting welding to an eighth arc starting point (24), arc quenching welding along an eighth path (25) to an eighth arc extinguishing point (26), arc starting welding to a ninth arc starting point (27), arc quenching welding along a ninth path (28) to a ninth arc extinguishing point (29), arc starting welding to a tenth arc starting point (30), arc quenching welding along a tenth path (31) to a tenth arc extinguishing point (32), arc starting welding to an eleventh arc starting point (33), arc quenching welding along an eleventh path (34) to an eleventh arc extinguishing point (35), carrying out gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun, then moving to a twelfth arc starting point (36) for arc starting welding, welding to a twelfth arc extinguishing point (38) along a twelfth path (37) for arc extinguishing to finish second layer welding, and carrying out gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun again;
8) welding a third layer by adopting a cold metal transition mode: welding current 90A-110A, welding voltage 10V-12V, arc length correction-10%, propulsion correction-2%, and other welding parameters are as follows: adopting a left welding method, wherein the included angle between a welding gun and the normal line of a welding plane is 5-15 degrees, the dry elongation of a welding wire is 13-17 mm, the flow of protective gas is 13-17L/min, the wire feeding speed is 8000-12000 mm/min, the welding speed is 800-1600 mm/min, and the welding track is as follows: arc starting welding at a thirteenth arc starting point (39), arc quenching welding along a thirteenth path (40) to a thirteenth arc extinguishing point (41), arc quenching welding to a fourteenth arc starting point (42), arc quenching welding along a fourteenth path (43) to a fourteenth arc extinguishing point (44), arc quenching welding to a fifteenth arc starting point (45), arc quenching welding along a fifteenth path (46) to a fifteenth arc extinguishing point (47), arc quenching welding to a sixteenth arc starting point (48), arc quenching welding along a sixteenth path (49) to a sixteenth arc extinguishing point (50), arc quenching welding to a seventeenth arc starting point (51), arc quenching welding along a seventeenth path (52) to a seventeenth arc extinguishing point (53), gun cleaning and wire cutting operation for the gun, then arc quenching welding to an eighteenth arc starting point (54), arc quenching welding to an eighteenth arc extinguishing point (56) along an eighteenth path (55) to complete the third layer welding, and (5) performing gun cleaning and wire cutting operation on the welding gun again to finish the preparation of the Babbitt metal surfacing of the curved surface tile.
2. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: the diameter of the used babbit welding wire is phi 1.5 mm-phi 1.7mm, and the protective gas is argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent.
3. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: and 5) welding the bottom layer, wherein the distances between four welding track envelopes of the first path (4), the second path (7), the third path (10) and the fourth path (13) and the edge of the surface (2) to be welded are 2-3 mm, the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the first path (4), the second path (7), the third path (10) and the fourth path (13) and two welding track envelopes of the fifth path (16) and the sixth path (19) are 4-7 mm, and the track interval between the two welding tracks of the fifth path (16) and the sixth path (19) is 4-7 mm.
4. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: and 7) welding the second layer, wherein the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the seventh path (22), the eighth path (25), the ninth path (28) and the tenth path (31) and the edge of the surface (2) to be welded are 5.5-6.5 mm, the distances between the four welding track envelopes of the seventh path (22), the eighth path (25), the ninth path (28) and the tenth path (31) and the two welding track envelopes of the eleventh path (34) and the twelfth path (37) are 5-8 mm, and the track spacing between the two welding tracks of the eleventh path (34) and the twelfth path (37) is 5-8 mm.
5. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: and 8) welding a third layer, wherein the distance between four welding track envelopes of a thirteenth path (40), a fourteenth path (43), a fifteenth path (46) and a sixteenth path (49) and the edge of the surface (2) to be welded is 7-8 mm, the distance between four welding track envelopes of the thirteenth path (40), the fourteenth path (43), the fifteenth path (46) and the sixteenth path (49) and two welding track envelopes of a seventeenth path (52) and an eighteenth path (55) is 5-8 mm, and the track spacing between two welding tracks of the seventeenth path (34) and the eighteenth path (37) is 5-8 mm.
6. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: in the welding tracks in the step 5), the step 7) and the step 8), all the circumferential welding lines of the curved surfaces adopt a mode of welding upwards along the curved surfaces, and all the axial welding lines of the curved surfaces adopt a mode of welding along the axial horizontal direction.
7. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: in the welding track in the step 5), the distance between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and the adjacent welding track is 4-7 mm.
8. The curved surface bearing shoe surface babbitt metal composite welding preparation method according to claim 1, characterized by: in the welding tracks in the step 7) and the step 8), the distance between all arc starting points and arc extinguishing points and the adjacent welding tracks is 5-8 mm.
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| CN112404666A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for manufacturing babbit metal overlaying layer for inhibiting Fe element diffusion through interface layer |
| CN113042980A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-06-29 | 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 | Large-scale generator set bearing alloy casting and welding matching method |
| CN115213638A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-21 | 上海涟屹轴承科技有限公司 | Composite copper alloy part for cone crusher and manufacturing method thereof |
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