CN110911757B - Safe capacity grading method for ternary lithium battery - Google Patents
Safe capacity grading method for ternary lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110911757B CN110911757B CN201911024716.4A CN201911024716A CN110911757B CN 110911757 B CN110911757 B CN 110911757B CN 201911024716 A CN201911024716 A CN 201911024716A CN 110911757 B CN110911757 B CN 110911757B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/3865—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables related to manufacture, e.g. testing after manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a ternary lithium ion battery safe capacity grading method, which comprises the following steps: after the aging of the battery is finished, the battery is put into a capacity grading cabinet, the capacity grading initial voltage V1 is tested, the capacity grading is carried out when a certain condition is met, otherwise, the capacity grading equipment protects the battery and stops the capacity grading. Charging process: standing for 2-10min, charging to 4.1V at constant current under specified current, standing for 2-10min, monitoring the voltage V2 after standing, carrying out capacity grading when certain conditions are met, otherwise, protecting the battery by capacity grading equipment, stopping capacity grading, and charging to 4.2V at constant current and constant voltage under specified current. Standing for 2-10min, and discharging to 3.0V with specified current. And repeating the process step two and the process step three once to finish the capacity grading. By adopting the method, the safety problem in the capacity grading process of the lithium battery production line can be effectively improved on the premise of not influencing the subsequent battery screening, and more accurate battery capacity data can be provided for the subsequent battery grade screening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a safe capacity grading method for a ternary lithium battery.
Background
In the lithium battery production process, the main purposes of the capacity grading process steps are as follows: firstly, determining the battery capacity to provide a basis for screening the battery grade at the later stage; and secondly, the voltage of the delivered batteries is determined, and the batteries are convenient to self-discharge and screen. In the capacity grading process, the battery voltage is required to be charged to 4.2v, and the battery with potential short circuit and other defects is likely to cause the battery to be ignited and exploded when the battery is charged to a high voltage state, so that surrounding batteries and capacity grading cabinet equipment are ignited, and safety accidents are formed. On the other hand, in the formation process, an SEI protective film can be formed, the SEI protective film can be repeatedly dissolved and repaired stably in the aging process, and meanwhile, the polarization of the lithium battery is reduced, so that the first-step discharge capacity of the lithium battery in the capacity grading process slightly deviates, and after one charge-discharge period, the second-time discharge capacity is used as the later-stage battery capacity screening standard, and the consistency of the battery can be more accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a ternary lithium battery safety capacity grading method aiming at the safety of the capacity grading process of the ternary lithium battery and the subsequent battery screening, which comprises the following steps:
(1) transferring the batteries to a grading cabinet after aging;
(2) the capacity grading cabinet detects the voltage of the battery, marks the voltage as V1, judges whether the capacity grading condition is met or not, if yes, continues the following steps, and if not, the equipment protection battery stops capacity grading;
(3) laying aside for a period of time;
(4) charging the battery to 4.1V at a constant current of 0.33-1C;
(5) laying aside for a period of time;
(6) the capacity grading cabinet detects the voltage of the battery, marks the voltage as V2, judges whether the capacity grading condition is met or not, if yes, continues the following steps, and if not, the equipment protection battery stops capacity grading;
(7) charging the battery to 4.2V at constant current and constant voltage of 0.33-1C;
(8) laying aside for a period of time;
(9) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.33-1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q1;
(10) laying aside for a period of time;
(11) repeating the steps (4) to (8) once;
(12) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.33-1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q2;
(13) and (5) standing for a period of time, and finishing the capacity grading.
Preferably, in the steps (2) and (6), the battery voltage is detected by the capacity grading cabinet, and the data precision is 0.1 mV.
Preferably, in the steps (3) (5) (8) (10) (13), the shelf time of the battery is not less than 2 min.
Preferably, in the steps (3), (5), (8) and (10), the shelf time of the battery is 2-10 min; in the step (13), the battery is left for 2-30 min.
Preferably, the continuous capacity-dividing condition in the step (2) is that (formation end voltage-70 mV). ltoreq.V 1. ltoreq.formation end voltage: namely, if the formation finishing voltage is 3700mV, the V1 is 3630-3700 mV; if the formation termination voltage is 3800mV, V1 is 3730-3800 mV.
Preferably, the continuous capacity-dividing condition in the step (6) is that V2 is between 4045 mV and 4100 mV.
Preferably, screening of subsequent battery grades is based on discharge capacity Q2.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method and the device carry out voltage detection on the battery before capacity grading, protect the battery with potential safety hazard before capacity grading, and avoid further expansion of the potential safety hazard;
(2) in the capacity grading charging process, the traditional constant-current constant-voltage charging is changed into constant-current charging to 4.2V, then the charging is stopped and the battery is kept stand for 2-10min after the constant-current charging to 4.1V, and the battery voltage is detected to judge whether the capacity grading is continued or not, so that the unqualified battery is ensured to stop charging, and the fire explosion is avoided;
(3) the invention has two charge-discharge cycles in the capacity grading process, takes the second discharge capacity as the subsequent battery capacity screening standard, can more truly embody the battery performance than the traditional method which takes the first discharge capacity as the standard, and ensures the grouping consistency of the batteries.
By adopting the method, the safety problem in the capacity grading process of the lithium battery production line can be effectively improved on the premise of not influencing the subsequent battery screening, and more accurate battery capacity data can be provided for the subsequent battery grade screening.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the voltage of V1 at the end of the example of 3700 mV;
FIG. 2 illustrates the voltage V2 in the embodiment of the capacity grading process;
fig. 3 is a disassembled interface of the abnormal battery of V2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples
In this embodiment, the previous process is changed to 3.7V, and the specific capacity grading steps are as follows:
(1) transferring the batteries to a grading cabinet after aging;
(2) the capacity grading cabinet detects the battery voltage and marks as V1;
(3) standing for 2 min;
(4) the battery is charged to 4.1V at a constant current of 0.33C;
(5) standing for 5 min;
(6) the capacity grading cabinet detects the battery voltage and marks as V2;
(7) the battery is charged to 4.2V at a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.33C;
(8) standing for 5 min;
(9) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q1;
(10) standing for 5 min;
(11) repeating the steps (4) to (8) once;
(12) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q2;
(13) standing for 10min, and finishing grading.
Wherein, V1 continues capacity grading at 3630-3700 mV in the step (2), otherwise, equipment protection stops capacity grading; in the step (3), continuously grading the volume of V2 at 4045-4100 mV, otherwise, stopping grading the volume of equipment protection; and (5) taking the discharge capacity Q2 as a battery capacity screening standard in the step (12).
The data of 1000 batteries are analyzed in an experiment, and the statistics of the data of V1 and V2 show that the voltage drop of individual batteries is obviously abnormal (figure 1 and figure 2), a plurality of lithium analysis and black spots (figure 3) exist on a disassembled battery interface, and the risk of continuously fully charging the batteries is extremely high.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A safe capacity grading method for a ternary lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) transferring the batteries to a grading cabinet after aging;
(2) the capacity grading cabinet detects the voltage of the battery, marks the voltage as V1, judges whether the capacity grading condition is met or not, if yes, continues the following steps, and if not, the equipment protection battery stops capacity grading;
(3) laying aside for a period of time;
(4) charging the battery to 4.1V at a constant current of 0.33-1C;
(5) laying aside for a period of time;
(6) the capacity grading cabinet detects the voltage of the battery, marks the voltage as V2, judges whether the capacity grading condition is met or not, if yes, continues the following steps, and if not, the equipment protection battery stops capacity grading;
(7) charging the battery to 4.2V at constant current and constant voltage of 0.33-1C;
(8) laying aside for a period of time;
(9) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.33-1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q1;
(10) laying aside for a period of time;
(11) repeating the steps (4) to (8) once;
(12) discharging the battery to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.33-1C, and recording the discharge capacity Q2;
(13) and (5) standing for a period of time, and finishing the capacity grading.
2. The safe capacity grading method for the ternary lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps (2) and (6), the capacity grading cabinet detects the battery voltage, and the data precision is 0.1 mV.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps (3) (5) (8) (10) (13), the shelf life of the battery is not less than 2 min.
4. The safe capacity grading method for the ternary lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the steps (3) (5) (8) (10), the shelf life of the battery is 2-10 min; in the step (13), the battery is left for 2-30 min.
5. The safe capacity grading method for the ternary lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous capacity grading condition in the step (2) is that (formation end voltage-70 mV) ≦ V1 ≦ formation end voltage.
6. The safe capacity grading method for the ternary lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous capacity grading condition in the step (6) is that V2 is between 4045 mV and 4100 mV.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screening of the subsequent battery grade is based on discharge capacity Q2.
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| CN112736309B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-12-08 | 南京国轩电池有限公司 | Method for solving abnormal K value of power lithium ion reworked battery after capacity division |
| CN113447837B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-26 | 深圳联钜自控科技有限公司 | Temperature measurement and control system for high-temperature formation process of soft package lithium battery |
| CN114405843B (en) * | 2021-12-18 | 2023-09-08 | 潍坊聚能电池有限公司 | Method for selecting abnormal lithium ion battery in capacity-dividing process |
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| CN108172918B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2020-04-17 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Rapid formation and capacity grading method for lithium battery |
| CN109494412B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-08-14 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | LFP lithium ion battery cell capacity grading screening method |
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| CN103894350A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-02 | 山东精工电子科技有限公司 | Capacitance-grading screening and grouping method for cylindrical lithium battery |
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