CN110907728A - Improved wind power plant power control capability grid-connected detection method - Google Patents
Improved wind power plant power control capability grid-connected detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Abstract
The invention relates to an improved wind power plant power control capacity grid-connected detection method, which comprehensively judges the power control capacity of a wind power plant through active power control capacity detection and reactive power control capacity detection. The invention has high detection efficiency and good detection effect and economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a grid-connected detection method for power control capability of a wind power plant.
Background
With the development of the economy and society, the energy production and consumption are continuously increased, and the development and the use of a large amount of fossil energy cause the outstanding problems of resource shortage, environmental pollution, climate warming, glacier ablation, sea level rising and the like, thereby seriously threatening the survival and the sustainable development of human beings. According to statistics, the storage-production ratios of coal, petroleum and natural gas in China are respectively 31 years, 11.9 years and 28 years, which are far lower than the average level in the world; the total energy consumption reaches 37.5 hundred million tons of standard coal, which accounts for about 22 percent of the total energy consumption of the world; the external dependence of petroleum and natural gas reaches 58.6 percent and 31.6 percent respectively, and the energy situation is particularly severe. The new energy resources such as photovoltaic energy, wind power and the like not only have the characteristics of cleanness, high efficiency and reproducibility, but also have rich reserves. Therefore, high-efficiency utilization of clean energy is advocated in China, energy structure transformation is carried out, and clean substitution is realized. Wind power is the fastest technical development and the largest installed scale in new energy power generation. In 2017, the installed capacity of the wind power is increased to 1, 966 ten thousand kilowatts in China, and the accumulated installed capacity reaches 1.88 hundred million kilowatts. The wind power loading amount of China in 2019 reaches 2.23 hundred million kilowatts, the compound growth rate of five years (2019-2023) in the future is about 9.02 percent, and the wind power loading amount of China in 2023 reaches 3.15 hundred million kilowatts.
With the development of wind power generation technology and the requirement of society on environmental protection, the installed capacity of wind turbine generators is rising year by year, and the proportion of the total generated energy of wind power generation is also rising year by year, so that the influence of the characteristics of intermittency, volatility and the like of wind power generation on the operation control and the electric energy quality of a power grid is increasingly prominent. In the aspect of active power, the generated power of wind power is unstable and is influenced by wind speed, so that the generated energy is unstable. Therefore, the output power is not a constant value, and the output active power fluctuates when the wind speed is greatly changed. On one hand, active power change in the power grid is caused, and then the frequency of the power grid is influenced, if the wind power in one area accounts for too much, the active frequency change at a certain moment is too much, so that the frequency collapse is caused, and the whole power grid is paralyzed; on the other hand, the fluctuation of the active power of the large-scale wind power can cause the active power of the conventional thermal power generating unit to change frequently and even start and stop frequently, so that the generating efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is underground, the generating cost is increased, and the service life of generating equipment can be shortened. In the aspect of reactive power, the low voltage ride through level of the wind turbine generator is low due to the limitation of the wind power generation technology. When grid-connected buses of a wind power plant are reduced due to the reduction of the voltage of a power grid, if reactive compensation equipment such as an inverter, SVG (scalable vector graphics) and a capacitor bank in the wind power plant cannot effectively improve the voltage of grid-connected points of the wind power plant through the control of an AVC (automatic voltage control) system, the wind power generation unit is required to be at low voltage, and therefore the risk of grid disconnection is caused.
The power control system of the wind power generation grid-connected system refers to an AGC (automatic generation control) system and an AVC system. The AGC system of the wind power plant is a system for tracking a dispatching system instruction by adjusting electrical parameters of an inverter to control active power emitted by the wind power plant. The AVC system is a system which adjusts the reactive power output by a wind power plant by coordinately controlling reactive power compensation devices such as an inverter and an SVG in the wind power plant so as to track the voltage instruction of a dispatching system.
The wind power plant must have a power control function, and power control capability detection should be carried out in order to check whether the power control capability of the wind power plant meets the requirements of relevant standards, however, the existing detection means has defects in the aspects of detection efficiency, detection effect, economy and the like, and brings a series of challenges to operation and management of a power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an improved wind power plant power control capacity grid-connected detection method which is high in detection efficiency and good in detection effect and economy.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an improved wind power plant power control capability grid-connected detection method is characterized in that whether a wind power plant power control system (AGC and AVC) can accurately respond to a control command or not is judged through active power control capability detection and reactive power control capability detection, continuous smooth adjustment is achieved, and whether response time and control precision meet standard requirements or not is judged.
The active power control capability detection is to set a reference power value of rated active power of the wind power plant, then set the active power values in sequence, and judge the tracking capability of the AVC control system on the adjusting instruction.
The reference power value P of the rated active power of the wind power plant0The capacity is more than 50% of the installed capacity of the wind power plant.
Wherein, the set active power value is sequentially 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -100% in five stages, and the step length is 20%.
The detection of the reactive power control capability is to detect the tracking capability of an AVC system to a reactive power regulation instruction through setting reactive power or wind power plant bus voltage and through the control precision of response time under a constant reactive power mode and a constant voltage mode of AVC respectively.
The method for detecting the reactive power control capability of the AVC in the constant reactive power mode comprises the following steps: the AVC system is changed from remote control to manual local control, and the reactive power of the wind power plant is taken as a control object;
(1) setting the reactive power to a capacitive minimum;
(2) the reactive power is adjusted from the minimum capacitive value to the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power value, and the maximum capacitive reactive power value is the reactive power when the voltage of a bus of the wind power plant does not exceed the maximum required by the dispatching and the maximum voltage value allowed to operate by the fan;
(3) regulating the reactive power from the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power to the maximum allowable inductive reactive power, wherein the maximum inductive reactive power is the reactive power when the bus voltage of the wind power plant is not lower than the minimum required by the dispatching and the voltage value of the low voltage ride through of the wind power plant;
(4) adjusting the reactive power from the maximum allowed inductive reactive power to the minimum capacitive reactive power, and continuously operating for 2min at each control point in the reactive power adjusting process;
the detection of the reactive power control capability is realized through the closed-loop regulation of the reactive power.
The response time of the AVC system for detecting the control capability in the constant reactive power mode is set to be 30ms, the overshoot of the reactive power regulation does not exceed 10% of the target power value, and the response precision is calculated through the relative error between the stabilized power value and the target value in the control process.
The method for detecting the reactive power control capability of the AVC in the constant voltage mode comprises the following steps:
(a) setting an active power level of a wind farm to P0Setting the reactive power of a power transmission line of the wind power plant to be 0 in an AVC system in a constant reactive power mode, and recording the bus voltage U of the wind power plant at the moment0Obtaining the upper limit value U and the lower limit value U of the operating voltage of the wind power plant by inquiring operators of the wind power plantMAX、UMINFrom this, the reference value for the voltage adjustment up and down is determined:
UUP＝UMAX-U0，UDOWN＝U0-UMIN
(b) at 20% P0、40％P0、60％P0、80％P0And 100% P0Under the active power level, the bus voltage of the wind power plant is controlled to be U in sequence0-75％UDOWN、U0-50％UDOWN、U0-25％UDOWNAnd U0+25％UUP、U0+50％UUP、U0+75％UUPAnd continuously operating each control point for 2min, recording active power, reactive power and wind power plant bus voltage in the detection process, and detecting the tracking effect of the AVC system on the voltage control instruction.
The response time of the AVC system for detecting the control capability in the constant reactive power mode is set to be 30ms, and the response precision is calculated through the relative error between the stabilized voltage value and the target value in the control process.
The control accuracy calculation formula for detecting the reactive power control capability is as follows:
In the formula:
QS、US-a reactive power set value in constant reactive power mode and a voltage set value in constant voltage mode;
Qi、Ui-reactive power value and bus voltage value at each sampling point during the last 1min of each regulation process.
f-sampling frequency of the power control capability detection means.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
active power water P for detecting power control capability of wind power plant0The level drop is 50% or more of the installed capacity of the wind power plant, the control process is 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -100%, and the three advantages are achieved on the basis of not influencing the detection effect: 1. the requirement of power control detection on the active power level is reduced, the probability that the wind power plant has detection conditions is improved, and the detection efficiency is further improved; 2. the tracking capability of an AGC system on an active power control instruction under different adjustment step lengths can be reflected; 3. the economic loss caused by the limitation of the active power in the power control capability detection process to the wind power place is reduced.
The reactive power control capability detection adopts two detection methods of a constant reactive power mode and a constant voltage mode of AVC, so that the hierarchical coordination control capability of an AVC system on reactive compensation equipment such as an inverter, an SVG and a capacitor bank in a wind power plant is detected, the tracking level capability of the AVC system on a reactive power control instruction and a voltage control instruction respectively in the two modes is reflected, and the reactive power control capability of the wind power plant is more comprehensively investigated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of an active power control capability detection control command.
FIG. 2 is P ═ P0And meanwhile, a reactive power control capability detection control instruction curve diagram in an AVC constant reactive power mode.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a reactive power control capability detection control instruction curve in an AVC constant voltage mode at a certain active power level.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
The method is suitable for accessing the wind power plant with installed capacity of more than 40MW of a power grid through a line with voltage class of 110kV or more.
An improved wind power plant power control capability grid-connected detection method is characterized in that whether a wind power plant power control system (AGC and AVC) can accurately respond to a control command or not is judged through active power control capability detection and reactive power control capability detection, continuous smooth adjustment is achieved, and whether response time and control precision meet standard requirements or not is judged.
1. Active power control capability detection
The active power control capability detection is to set a reference power value of rated active power of the wind power plant, then set the active power value in sequence and judge the tracking capability of the AVC control system on the adjusting instruction.
Reference power value P of rated active power of wind power plant0The capacity is more than 50% of the installed capacity of the wind power plant.
The set active power value is sequentially in five stages of 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -100%, and the step length is 20%.
The response time of the active power control capability detection refers to the adjustment time required for the power change value not to exceed 5% of the target power value for the first time.
Considering that the inertia of the wind power plant in the operation process is large, the response time of active power control is set to be 1min, the overshoot of active power regulation does not exceed 15% of the target power value, and each control point continuously operates for 2 min.
The graph of the active power control capability detection control command is shown in fig. 1.
2. Reactive power control capability detection
The reactive power control capability detection is to detect the tracking capability of the AVC system to a reactive power regulation instruction through setting the reactive power or the bus voltage of a wind power plant and the control precision of response time under the constant reactive power mode and the constant voltage mode of AVC respectively.
(1) Method for detecting reactive power control capability of AVC (automatic Voltage control) in constant reactive power mode
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the AVC system is changed from remote control to manual local control, and the reactive power of the wind power plant is taken as a control object;
(i) setting the reactive power to a capacitive minimum;
(ii) the reactive power is adjusted from the minimum capacitive value to the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power value, and the maximum capacitive reactive power value is the reactive power when the voltage of a bus of the wind power plant does not exceed the maximum required by the dispatching and the maximum voltage value allowed to operate by the fan;
(iii) regulating the reactive power from the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power to the maximum allowable inductive reactive power, wherein the maximum inductive reactive power is the reactive power when the bus voltage of the wind power plant is not lower than the minimum required by the dispatching and the voltage value of the low voltage ride through of the wind power plant;
(iv) adjusting the reactive power from the maximum allowed inductive reactive power to the minimum capacitive reactive power, and continuously operating for 2min at each control point in the reactive power adjusting process;
the detection of the reactive power control capability is realized through the closed-loop regulation of the reactive power.
The response time of the AVC system for detecting the control capability in the constant reactive power mode is set to be 30ms, the overshoot of the reactive power regulation does not exceed 10% of the target power value, and the response precision is calculated through the relative error between the stabilized power value and the target value in the control process.
P＝P0In time, a control instruction graph of reactive power control capability detection in the AVC constant reactive power mode is shown in fig. 2.
(2) Method for detecting reactive power control capability of AVC (automatic Voltage control) in constant voltage mode
(a) Setting an active power level of a wind farm to P0Setting the reactive power of a power transmission line of the wind power plant to be 0 in an AVC system in a constant reactive power mode, and recording the bus voltage U of the wind power plant at the moment0Obtaining the upper limit value U and the lower limit value U of the operating voltage of the wind power plant by inquiring operators of the wind power plantMAX、UMINFrom this, the reference value for the voltage adjustment up and down is determined:
UUP＝UMAX-U0，UDOWN＝U0-UMIN
(b) at 20% P0、40％P0、60％P0、80％P0And 100% P0Under the active power level, the bus voltage of the wind power plant is controlled to be U in sequence0-75％UDOWN、U0-50％UDOWN、U0-25％UDOWNAnd U0+25％UUP、U0+50％UUP、U0+75％UUPAnd continuously operating each control point for 2min, recording active power, reactive power and wind power plant bus voltage in the detection process, and detecting the tracking effect of the AVC system on the voltage control instruction.
The response time of the AVC system for detecting the control capability in the constant voltage mode is not more than 30ms, the overshoot of the reactive power regulation is not more than 10% of the target power value, and the response precision is calculated through the relative error between the stabilized voltage value and the target value in the control process.
The response time calculation formula of the reactive power control capability detection is as follows:
tr＝tm-T0
in the formula:
tm-the moment when the target power value is reached for the first time at which the reactive power changes by 90%;
T0-starting moment of reactive power control.
The control accuracy calculation formula for detecting the reactive power control capability is as follows:
In the formula:
QS、US-a reactive power set value in constant reactive power mode and a voltage set value in constant voltage mode;
Qi、Ui-reactive power value and bus voltage value at each sampling point during the last 1min of each regulation process.
f-sampling frequency of the power control capability detection means.
Fig. 3 is a graph of a reactive power control capability control instruction in the AVC constant voltage mode at a certain active power level.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The improved wind power plant power control capability grid-connected detection method is characterized in that whether a wind power plant power control system can accurately respond to a control command or not is judged through active power control capability detection and reactive power control capability detection, continuous smooth adjustment is achieved, and whether response time and control precision meet standard requirements or not is judged.
2. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connected detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the active power control capability detection is to set a reference power value of rated active power of the wind farm, then sequentially set active power values, and judge the tracking capability of the AVC control system to the regulation instruction.
3. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connection detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that the reference power value P of the wind farm rated active power0The capacity is more than 50% of the installed capacity of the wind power plant.
4. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connection detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that the set active power value is in five stages of 100% -80% -60% -40% -20% -100% in sequence, and the step length is 20%.
5. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connection detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that the reactive power control capability detection is to detect the tracking capability of AVC system to reactive power regulation instruction through setting reactive power or wind farm bus voltage and control precision of response time in constant reactive power mode and constant voltage mode of AVC respectively.
6. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connected detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that the reactive power control capability detection method of AVC in constant reactive power mode is: the AVC system is changed from remote control to manual local control, and the reactive power of the wind power plant is taken as a control object;
firstly, the reactive power is set to be the minimum capacitive;
secondly, the reactive power is adjusted from the minimum capacitive value to the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power value, and the maximum capacitive reactive power value is the reactive power when the bus voltage of the wind power plant does not exceed the maximum required by the dispatching and the maximum voltage value allowed to operate by the fan;
thirdly, regulating the reactive power from the maximum allowable capacitive reactive power to the maximum allowable inductive reactive power, wherein the maximum inductive reactive power is the reactive power when the voltage of a bus of the wind power plant is not lower than the minimum required by the regulation and the voltage value of low voltage ride through of the wind power plant;
fourthly, regulating the reactive power from the maximum value of the allowed inductive reactive power to the minimum value of the capacitive reactive power, and continuously operating for 2min at each control point in the reactive power regulation process;
the detection of the reactive power control capability is realized through the closed-loop regulation of the reactive power.
7. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connection detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that the response time of the AVC system for control capability detection in the constant reactive power mode is set to 30ms, the overshoot of the reactive power regulation does not exceed 10% of the target power value, and the response accuracy is calculated by the relative error between the stabilized power value and the target value in the control process.
8. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connected detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that the reactive power control capability detection method of AVC under constant voltage mode is:
firstly, the active power level of the wind power plant is set to be P0Setting the reactive power of a power transmission line of the wind power plant to be 0 in an AVC system in a constant reactive power mode, and recording the bus voltage U of the wind power plant at the moment0Obtaining the upper limit value U and the lower limit value U of the operating voltage of the wind power plant by inquiring operators of the wind power plantMAX、UMINFrom this, the reference value for the voltage adjustment up and down is determined:
UUP＝UMAX-U0，UDOWN＝U0-UMIN
then, at 20% P0、40％P0、60％P0、80％P0And 100% P0Under the active power level, the bus voltage of the wind power plant is controlled to be U in sequence0-75％UDOWN、U0-50％UDOWN、U0-25％UDOWNAnd U0+25％UUP、U0+50％UUP、U0+75％UUPAnd continuously operating each control point for 2min, recording active power, reactive power and wind power plant bus voltage in the detection process, and detecting the tracking effect of the AVC system on the voltage control instruction.
9. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connection detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that the response time of the AVC system in the constant reactive power mode for control capability detection is set to 30ms, and the response precision is calculated by the relative error between the stabilized voltage value and the target value in the control process.
10. The improved wind farm power control capability grid-connected detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that the control accuracy calculation formula of the reactive power control capability detection is as follows:
in the formula:
QS、US-a reactive power set value in constant reactive power mode and a voltage set value in constant voltage mode;
Qi、Ui-reactive power value and bus voltage value at each sampling point during the last 1min of each regulation process.
f-sampling frequency of the power control capability detection means.
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| 李智: "光伏并网逆变器功率控制能力的试验研究", 《华北电力技术》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116338365A (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-06-27 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Grid-connected performance testing method suitable for direct current offshore wind turbine generator |
| CN116338365B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2023-09-01 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Grid-connected performance testing method suitable for direct current offshore wind turbine generator |
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