CN110906517B - Central air-conditioning centralized control system - Google Patents
Central air-conditioning centralized control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110906517B CN110906517B CN201910981397.XA CN201910981397A CN110906517B CN 110906517 B CN110906517 B CN 110906517B CN 201910981397 A CN201910981397 A CN 201910981397A CN 110906517 B CN110906517 B CN 110906517B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/56—Remote control
- F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a central air-conditioning centralized control system, which comprises a centralized controller, an intelligent ammeter, a central air-conditioning outdoor unit and an indoor unit, wherein the centralized controller comprises a power supply, an ARM processor and an FPGA, the power supply is used for supplying power to the centralized controller, the ARM processor and the FPGA are interconnected through an internal bus, the FPGA is used for carrying out RS485 communication with the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit, acquiring state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit and caching the state information in an internal buffer area, then the state information is read into an operating system by the ARM processor through the bus for processing and storing, the state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit is monitored, displayed and alarmed by the indoor unit and the outdoor unit in real time through the ARM processor, the ARM processor is used for carrying out RS485 communication with the intelligent ammeter and reading data of the intelligent ammeter, the ARM processor is used for carrying out centralized or independent control and management on all the outdoor unit and the indoor unit in the system according to rules preset in schedule management, and realize the statistics, sharing and warning of the electric charge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of central air-conditioning centralized control, in particular to a central air-conditioning centralized control system.
Background
A group of central air conditioners consists of one to two outdoor units (ODUs) and a plurality of indoor units (IDUs), and there are generally 1 to 16 IDUs in each group. One control panel can only control one indoor unit IDU individually. A floor or a building has an indefinite number of groups of central air conditioners according to actual conditions. Under the condition, each indoor unit can only be controlled respectively, and the control and monitoring states are inconvenient for building managers, and a centralized control system is needed for unified management.
The existing centralized control system takes a pc as a control platform, the installation software is complex, the service layer and other application programs of windows are mutually influenced, the problem of equipment is difficult to be eliminated, and the maintenance cost is increased. And the number of the inner machines which can be connected and controlled by taking the pc as a control platform is small, and the expansion of a communication interface cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a central air-conditioning centralized control system, which performs centralized control and management on air-conditioning indoor units and outdoor units through a centralized controller, charges distributed indoor units, interacts with users in a web mode, and a server responds to a front-end request to feed back a processing result in real time.
The invention is realized by the following steps: the invention discloses a central air-conditioning centralized control system which comprises an intelligent ammeter, a central air-conditioning outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a centralized controller, wherein the centralized controller comprises a power supply, an ARM processor and an FPGA, the power supply is used for supplying power to the centralized controller, the ARM processor is connected with the FPGA, the FPGA is used for being connected with the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit and used for acquiring and caching state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit, the ARM processor is used for reading the state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit cached in the FPGA into an operating system for processing and storing, so that the real-time monitoring, display and internal and external machine alarm of the state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit are realized, the ARM processor is used for being connected with the intelligent ammeter, reading the data of the intelligent ammeter and realizing the electricity charge statistics according to a preset program, and the ARM processor is used for carrying out the external machine and the indoor unit in the system according to a received instruction signal or a preset program Centralized or individual control and management.
The indoor unit state information comprises a system number, an indoor unit model, an indoor unit series, an air conditioner fault state, an operation mode, a mounting position, a centralized address, an in-group address, an affiliated user, an affiliated gateway, an affiliated group, a wind speed monitoring state, a temperature display state, humidity, an auxiliary function state and a protection state; the outdoor unit state information comprises a system number, an outdoor unit model, an outdoor unit address, an outdoor unit series, an operation mode and an installation position.
The FPGA is used for carrying out RS485 communication with the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air conditioner; the FPGA is provided with a plurality of paths of independent RS485 buses to be connected with the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit, the FPGA adopts a hardware description language to realize a plurality of independent RS485 interface logics, each interface is independent and is provided with a buffer area, and the FPGA polls data of each device in sequence according to a specified protocol and a data sending time sequence, stores the data in the buffer areas and waits for the ARM processor to read and process the data.
The ARM processor adopts an embedded operating system to realize development of a database and development of a server program, the server program is used for providing WEB services for users to inquire and set and export data through the WEB services and processing the data, processing the data of the users and the data required by hardware is realized, various data are converted and finally stored in the database, follow-up inquiry is facilitated, and meanwhile, an electricity charge counting and sharing algorithm is realized.
The server program in the ARM processor comprises a reading thread and a writing thread, the reading thread receives an internal machine message and an external machine message, and after a synchronous signal is detected, the running time of the external machine and the power consumption of the external machine are counted according to the received external machine message; according to the power consumption of the external machine and the received internal machine information, the power charge of each distributed internal machine is counted; calculating the electricity charge balance of each owner according to the electricity charge of each distributed internal machine;
and when detecting that a target owner with the electricity charge balance lower than a preset value exists, the write thread sends a shutdown control instruction to the internal machine owned by the target owner, so that the internal machine owned by the target owner is shut down according to the shutdown control instruction.
The ARM processor supports a gigabit network, can expand external storage, and has a color screen and a touch screen operation function, the centralized controller has an external power supply interface, a first RS485 interface, a second RS485 interface, a network interface, a TF/SD interface, a USB interface, a debugging serial port and an LCD touch display interface, the first RS485 interface is isolated and directly connected with an ARM, and the second RS485 interface is isolated and connected with an FPGA.
The ARM processor is used for carrying out RS485 communication with the intelligent electric meter; every off-premises station configuration an intelligent ammeter, this intelligent ammeter links to each other through RS485 bus and off-premises station, inserts centralized control ware through the off-premises station.
A group of RS485 ports are reserved in the system to be communicated with the indoor unit electric meter, and the indoor unit is used for charging when an independent electric meter is installed.
The ARM processor and the FPGA are both arranged on a circuit board, and a Nand Flash and a DDR memory are arranged in the circuit board.
The ARM processor is interconnected with the FPGA through an internal bus; the ARM processor is used for carrying out centralized or independent control and management on all outdoor units and indoor units in the system according to the received instruction signals and rules preset in schedule management; and realize the statistics, sharing and warning of the electric charge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the centralized controller adopts an ARM + FPGA architecture, adopts an FPGA to expand a multi-channel independent RS485 bus, and carries out real-time communication with the internal and external machines to acquire information of each device. The FPGA and the ARM are interconnected through an internal bus, a Linux operating system is operated in the ARM, reading and processing of data acquired by the FPGA are completed, WEB services are provided for the outside, and users can conveniently perform interactive processing.
The centralized controller of the invention adopts the high-performance ARM processor, can process the data in real time, adopts the embedded Linux operating system, can directly install the database software on the centralized controller, and solves the difficult problem of unsuccessful database installation of the original charging system. The acquired and processed data (equipment running state, electricity charge statistical result and the like) are stored in a database on the centralized controller, and a large-capacity storage device is adopted, so that the data can be stored for more than 1 year. The electricity charge statistical result is provided for the user to inquire and print through WEB service, and the trouble of installing software by the user is reduced.
The embedded operating system and the WEB server are integrated, an additional PC is not needed to record and store data, and the problems of the trouble and inconvenience of installing software in the traditional PC and the mutual influence between a service layer and other application programs of windows are avoided. The scheme of the invention takes the embedded type as a development platform, is equivalent to a black box for a client, has stronger modularization and reduces the maintenance cost.
The system adopts the FPGA to realize the extension of any UART communication interface (only FPGA IO resources), and is very convenient for product expansion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the centralized controller of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a system connection diagram of the central air-conditioning centralized control system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment discloses a central air-conditioning centralized control system, which includes a centralized controller, an intelligent electric meter, an outdoor unit and an indoor unit of a central air-conditioning, wherein the centralized controller includes a power supply, an ARM processor and an FPGA, the power supply is used for supplying power to the centralized controller, the ARM processor and the FPGA are interconnected through an internal bus, the FPGA is used for performing RS485 communication with the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air-conditioning, and is used for acquiring state information of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air-conditioning and caching the state information in an internal buffer area, and then the ARM processor reads the state information into an operating system through the bus for processing and storing, the state information of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air-conditioning is monitored and displayed in real time and alarming by the indoor unit, the ARM processor is used for performing RS communication with the intelligent electric meter and is used for reading data of the intelligent electric meter, and the ARM processor is used for performing centralized control on all the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air-conditioning according to rules preset in schedule management And (4) carrying out medium or independent control and management, and realizing electric charge statistics, allocation and electric charge alarm.
The centralized controller of this embodiment is the core of the central centralized control and charging system, and the centralized controller is connected with the indoor unit and the outdoor unit through a plurality of independent RS485 buses, reads the operating data of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit on each bus, obtains the state of each device in the system, and can receive an external command to set each device.
The centralized controller is formed by an embedded ARM processor, runs a Linux operating system, and has independent functions of data acquisition, processing, storage, query and the like. The centralized controller is provided with a plurality of paths of RS485 buses, wherein 4 paths of RS485 buses are directly connected with the ARM processor, and are used for reading data of the intelligent electric meter, expanding Modbus buses, expanding BACNET protocols and the like; in addition, the 16 paths adopt FPGA expansion, the data of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air conditioner are read and stored into an internal buffer area in real time through FPGA coding, and then the data are read into an operating system through a bus by an ARM for processing. By adopting the structure, on one hand, the RS485 bus port of the centralized controller is saved, the connection with other control equipment, such as Smart-BOX, small centralized control, Modbus, BACnet gateway and the like, is convenient, and the difficult problem that the prior charging system can not be used in parallel with other control equipment is solved; and secondly, 16 independent RS485 buses for reading the state data of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit are realized by adopting FPGA hardware, each bus is independent, the time for polling the state of each device in each bus is reduced, and the real-time performance of the system is improved.
In the embodiment, the RS485 bus connected with the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air conditioner is a 16-path independent bus and can support 8 groups of indoor and outdoor unit subsystems; each component system can support 16 outdoor units at most, and the equipment number is 0-15; the maximum number of the internal machines connected in each component system is 256, and the equipment number is 0-255; the maximum number of internal machines accessible in the system is therefore 8 × 256 — 2048.
Aiming at the charging system, each outdoor unit is provided with an intelligent electric meter, the intelligent electric meter is arranged near the outdoor unit, is connected with the outdoor unit through an RS485 bus, and is connected into a centralized controller through the outdoor unit. And the centralized controller acquires the reading of the intelligent electric meter through the outdoor unit, counts the consumption of the electric charge and distributes the electric charge. A group of RS485 ports are reserved in the system to be communicated with the indoor unit electric meter, so that the indoor unit can be charged and used when being provided with the independent electric meter. 2048 indoor units can be connected by one centralized controller, the system cost is greatly reduced, and the performance and the convenience of system deployment and installation are greatly improved.
The indoor unit state information comprises a system number, an indoor unit model, an indoor unit series, an air conditioner fault state, an operation mode, a mounting position, a centralized address, an in-group address, an affiliated user, an affiliated gateway, an affiliated group, a wind speed monitoring state, a temperature display state, humidity, an auxiliary function state and a protection state; the outdoor unit state information comprises a system number, an outdoor unit model, an outdoor unit address, an outdoor unit series, an operation mode and an installation position.
The ARM processor adopts an embedded operating system to realize development of a database and development of a server program, the server program is used for providing WEB services for users to inquire and set and export data through the WEB services and processing the data, processing the data of the users and the data required by hardware is realized, various data are converted and finally stored in the database, follow-up inquiry is facilitated, and meanwhile, an electricity charge counting and sharing algorithm is realized. The ARM of the embodiment adopts a high-performance ARM Cotex-A9 processor of TI company. This ARM treater supports the giga network, but the external storage of expansion possesses various screen, touch screen operation function, the centralized controller has external power supply interface, first RS485 interface, second RS485 interface, network interface, TF SD interface, USB interface, debugging serial ports, LCD touch display interface, and first RS485 interface area is kept apart, directly is connected with ARM, and second RS485 interface area is kept apart, is connected with FPGA. The ARM processor and the FPGA are both arranged on a circuit board, and a Nand Flash and a DDR memory are arranged in the circuit board.
The invention realizes the system of web end state monitoring, function configuration, centralized control and electric charge management for the whole internal and external machines through the RS485 bus. The monitoring interface consists of a grouping list, an indoor machine overview and an outdoor machine overview. The grouping list displays all the outer machines and the inner machines in the grouping according to different groups, and the inner machine overview displays the running states of all the grouped inner machines according to the selected groups, wherein the running states comprise inner machine numbers, startup and shutdown buttons, running modes, wind speeds, set temperatures, inner machine room temperatures and alarm states. And calculating the electric charge of each time period according to the electric charge apportionment charging algorithm, and presenting the electric charge in a list form. All the electric quantity and the electric charge data are stored in a background database, and calling, statistics and analysis can be conveniently carried out at any time. And the outdoor unit overview displays the running states of all the grouped outdoor units according to the selected groups, including the number of the outdoor unit and the on/off state alarm state. The electric quantity can display the statistical information of the operation mode of the outdoor unit in each time frame, and the statistical information is presented in a list form. All the electric quantity and the electric charge data are stored in a background database, and calling, statistics and analysis can be conveniently carried out at any time.
The server program in the ARM processor comprises a reading thread and a writing thread, the reading thread receives an internal machine message and an external machine message, and after a synchronous signal is detected, the running time of the external machine and the power consumption of the external machine are counted according to the received external machine message; according to the power consumption of the external machine and the received internal machine information, the power charge of each distributed internal machine is counted; calculating the electricity charge balance of each owner according to the electricity charge of each distributed internal machine;
and when detecting that a target owner with the electricity charge balance lower than a preset value exists, the write thread sends a shutdown control instruction to the internal machine owned by the target owner, so that the internal machine owned by the target owner is shut down according to the shutdown control instruction.
The internal machine message may include a power consumption of the external machine, an alarm message, and the like. The centralized controller can receive the information of the internal machine and the information of the external machine, count the information of the electric charge, the running time, the starting times and the like of the internal machine, count the running time of the external machine and the power consumption of the external machine, record the alarm information of the internal machine and the alarm information of the external machine, respond to the alarm query instruction at the front end and realize the control of the internal machine and the external machine.
The read thread can read the information of the internal machine and the external machine and carry out relevant operation, the write thread can receive the issue of the front-end control instruction, and when the control instruction is received, the drive layer interface can be called to complete the setting specified by the control instruction. By adopting the mode, through the division and cooperation of the reading thread and the writing thread, even for the operation of the database, which is cpu intensive, and under the condition that the number of the internal and external machines is more (not less than 500), the phenomenon of obvious blockage (2-3s) can not occur, and the control instruction of the front end to the internal and external machines and other self-defined instructions can be responded in time.
The synchronous signal can be generated once every 2 minutes, before the synchronous signal arrives, the read thread of the centralized controller can always receive the internal machine message and the external machine message, and after the synchronous signal is detected, the state information of the internal machine and the external machine can be counted; and the internal machine information and the external machine information received 2 minutes before can be discarded every time the internal machine state information and the external machine state information are counted, so that the reading thread can start to receive the next internal machine information and the next external machine information.
If the synchronous signal is generated once every 2 minutes, the electricity charge of the internal machine can be counted once every two minutes, all the information of the internal machine and the information of the external machine at the current moment can be recorded by using the info _ from _ drive _ now variable, the information of the internal machine and the information of the external machine before two minutes can be recorded by using the info _ from _ drive _ pre variable, and the electricity consumption, the running time and the starting times of the internal machine with two minutes can be obtained by comparing the information of the internal machine and the external machine before and after two times. The coll _ message _ turn _ round variable may be used to record the electricity charge statistics of the internal unit after the power is turned on.
For convenience of program maintenance, if some new functional modules are added, the functional modules are mainly used for sending or receiving instructions, if the functional modules are related to the sending instructions, the functional modules can be placed in a writing thread, if the functional modules are related to the receiving instructions, the functional modules can be placed in a reading thread, if the functional modules are not related, the functional modules can be set independently by considering the actual situation.
The centralized controller can perform centralized control on an internal unit and an external unit of the air conditioning unit and can distribute the counted electric charge of the internal unit to an owner of the internal unit. An air conditioning unit may have at least one outdoor unit and at least one indoor unit, and each outdoor unit may provide heating or cooling for the plurality of indoor units. If at least one distributed internal machine is in a working state under one air conditioning unit, the power consumption of the external machine is distributed by each distributed internal machine in the working state.
In addition, the scanning period of the reading line of the centralized controller to the internal unit and the external unit can be 2 minutes, namely the centralized controller can receive the information of the internal unit and the information of the external unit once every 2 minutes, and the running time and the power consumption of the external unit can be counted by comparing and calculating the currently received information of the external unit and the information of the external unit received last time; the running time of the indoor unit can be counted by comparing and calculating the currently received indoor unit information and the indoor unit information received last time; according to the power consumption of the external machine, the running time of the internal machine, the working state of the internal machine and the distribution condition, the power consumption condition of the internal machine in the scanning period can be obtained.
The statistics on the number of times of starting and the running time of the internal machine may be: after the information of each internal machine is read, the on-off state of each internal machine is recorded, and after two minutes, the on-off state of each internal machine is also obtained and compared, wherein the four conditions are as follows:
starting up and starting up: the startup times are not changed, and the running time is increased by two minutes;
starting up and shutting down: the startup times are not changed, and the running time is increased by one minute by default, namely, a half of the statistical period;
shutdown and startup: the starting time is increased by one, and the running time is defaulted to be increased by one minute, namely, a half of the counting period;
shutdown and shutdown: the number of times of starting up is not changed, and the running time is not changed.
The same manner can be adopted to count the startup times and the running time of the external unit, and details are not described herein.
Because one outdoor unit can mount a large number of indoor units, if the number of the indoor units is too large, the query speed of the front end to the database is easily influenced, and the user experience is influenced. For example, when an external machine is fully loaded to support 4096 internal machines, 4096 pieces of internal machine information are generated by each statistic, and the number of newly generated data in one day of the database can be calculated as follows: 4096 × 30 × 24 ═ 2949120. Millions of data are fatal to an embedded database every day, because in the process of balancing data volume and database access speed, the database can only bear millions of data at most in the life cycle of a system on an embedded platform, and the query speed of a front end to the database is further seriously reduced, so that the user experience is influenced. In order to solve the problem, the access speed of each storage medium can be fully optimized, and the data can be statistically optimized at the same time, wherein the specific data statistical optimization mode is as follows:
after the reading program receives the information of the internal machine and the information of the external machine, the electricity charge of the internal machine in the scanning period (2 minutes) can be calculated, after the electricity charge of one internal machine is calculated, the current hour within one day at the current moment is firstly inquired, if the internal machine has no electricity charge record in the current hour, the current record is inserted into an electricity charge detail table, and if the electricity charge record exists, the record value is added with the currently calculated electricity charge to update the record value; if the current time is in an hour transition period, namely the current calculation period is not in the same hour as the previous calculation period, firstly inquiring the day of Greenwich mean time of the current time, if the internal unit has no electricity charge record on the current day, inserting the current record into an electricity charge statistical table, and if the electricity charge record exists, adding the record value with the currently calculated electricity charge to update the record value; and exporting the electric charge detail table to the SD card for storage after entering the next day, and emptying the data in the local table.
The electric charge detail table and the electric charge statistical table are respectively used for storing the electric charge detail of the current day and the statistical condition of the electric charge of the current day; by adopting the mode, only one database data is generated by the machine every day, the size stability of the database is ensured, and the access response speed is high.
When a user inquires the electricity charge of a certain time period at the front end, the attention to the time is coarse granularity, for example, electricity charge inquiry of 5 month 1 to 5 month 15 days can occur with high probability, and inquiry of 12 to 15 points is a small probability event.
In addition, when the database files are stored in different storage media, the database can show different access speeds, specifically, the memory is more than NANDflash and more than SD card.
Firstly, the configuration of the database layer about data cache is adopted, when the database is accessed, in order to improve the access speed, the database interface function can cache partial data into the memory of the centralized controller, the size of the database page can be set to be 4KB, the maximum cache page number is 8000 pages, and when relevant database access statements are executed, the centralized controller can fully utilize the memory to improve the access speed. The whole database file of the centralized controller can be stored in the NAND flash, but the capacity is limited, and as the electricity charge statistical table in the database is a table which continuously increases along with time, when the running time of the centralized controller exceeds 200 days, under the condition that an internal machine is fully loaded, the NAND flash is exhausted in capacity, so that part of the file in the database can be transferred to the SD card.
In order to further improve the access speed, only data 200 days away from the current time can be stored in the local NAND flash, when the running time of the centralized controller is less than 200 days, the electric charge statistical table can be stored in the NAND flash, meanwhile, an identical backup is provided on the SD, when the running time of the centralized controller is more than 200 days, every time a piece of data is inserted into the electric charge statistical table, the electric charge data 200 days before is deleted, the data in the NAND flash is kept within 200 days, and the data in the SD card is continuously backed up according to the statistical condition of the current day, so that a complete database file is always kept on the SD card, and when the query time exceeds 200 days, the database file on the SD card can be used.
In order to distribute the internal machine to the owner and then count the electricity charge balance of the owner according to the electricity consumption condition of the internal machine, a database charging distribution relation table can be preset. Specifically, the database charging distribution relation table may be set in advance in the following manner: establishing an owner key information table by using the owner key information; establishing an electric charge statistical information table by using the electric charge statistical information of the internal machine; and establishing a database charging distribution relation table according to the owner key information table and the electric charge statistical information table.
For example, the owner key information table may be as shown in table 1 below, the electricity rate statistics information table may be as shown in table 2 below, and the database billing allocation relationship table may be as shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
Key information of the owner is recorded in table 1, including a unique serial number, an owner name, an owner telephone, a floor, a state, a remark, an electric charge balance and the like; the counted internal machine state information including the unique serial number, the internal machine serial number, the execution time, the startup times, the power consumption amount (electricity charge), and the like is recorded in table 2; when the internal machine is to be allocated to the owner, at least three pieces of information can be determined, namely the binding relationship between the internal machine and the owner, the existence time of the binding relationship, and whether the binding relationship is valid or not. The binding relationship between the internal machines and the proprietor is complex, the database charging distribution relationship table can keep the historical data of the internal machine distribution relationship, so that the historical power utilization condition of the proprietor can be counted only by query operation, and accordingly, the distribution relationship table shown in the table 3 can be established.
Whether the distribution relation is valid or not is marked to indicate whether the distribution relation is valid at the current moment, if the distribution relation is valid, the electricity charge statistics is carried out on the internal machine, and if the distribution relation is invalid, the internal machine is distributed to other owners.
Through the database charging distribution relation table, the read thread of the centralized controller can determine the distribution condition of each internal machine, and further can count the currently distributed internal machines, so that invalid data are reduced; when the front end inquires about the electricity consumption condition of the owner in a period of time, all distribution relations related to the owner in the period of time can be found, then the total electricity consumption of the owner can be calculated by accumulating the electricity consumption and the electricity consumption amount of the electricity charge statistical table in the time range of each internal machine corresponding to the distribution relations, and further the electricity charge balance of each owner can be calculated.
Because the distribution relation between the owner and the internal machine may change, if only one field is directly added in the internal machine table to explain the distribution condition of the internal machine, and the start time and the end time field are not added, when the internal machine is redistributed, the attribution condition of the internal machine in different time periods cannot be distinguished, so when determining that the internal machine belongs to a certain owner, the start time and the end time can be recorded. Therefore, in a certain time period, when the attribution of a certain internal machine is changed, the internal machine can be removed when the industry main electricity is counted. In addition, when a business owner is deleted, his historical bills may be kept for 2 or 3 years for inquiry.
When data storage is considered, in order to improve the utilization rate of storage space and the access efficiency, the invention can use a sub-library storage mode, which specifically comprises the following steps: a database is newly built on an SD card to store an electric charge statistical table, the electric charge statistical table is used for storing data generated in the operation process of a centralized controller, namely electric charge data to be reserved, the electric charge data which is 1 year away from the current time in the card is read into a memory file system when power is on and started, only the memory database needs to be inquired when the current end requests the electric charge data within 1 year, and the data in the SD card needs to be inquired when the inquiry time exceeds one year, so that the scheme not only can store the space utilization rate and the access efficiency, but also can improve the electric charge inquiry efficiency,
if the target owner with the electricity charge balance lower than the preset value exists, the target owner indicates that the electricity charge balance of the target owner is lower, the internal machine owned by the owner cannot be maintained to continue to operate, and therefore a shutdown control instruction can be sent to the internal machine owned by the target owner, and the internal machine owned by the target owner is shut down according to the shutdown control instruction. The preset value may be set in advance according to requirements, and may be 0, for example.
By applying the embodiment of the invention, the centralized control of the internal machine and the external machine is realized, the electric quantity of the internal machine and the electricity charge balance of an owner can be rapidly counted, the internal machine owned by the target owner with the electricity charge balance lower than the preset value is controlled to be powered off, and the reasonable management and control of the internal machine are realized.
And after receiving the control command sent by the front end, the write thread controls the internal machine to run according to the received control command.
The front end may be a device capable of communicating with the centralized controller, may send a control command to the centralized controller, and may also receive information fed back by the centralized controller for the control command. The control commands may include commands for modifying the status of the internal machine, commands for locking the remote controller, commands for clearing the external machine electricity meter reading, commands for modifying the configuration information related to the running of the background program, and the like.
For example, the front end may send form data using a get/post method, the centralized controller writes the form data into a relevant environment variable after receiving the form data, and the centralized controller may first parse the form data and store the form data into a relevant structure in a form of value. Establishing a callback function lookup table in a local service program, corresponding to the relationship between the character string and the callback function, and finding processing functions under different links in a table lookup mode so as to provide corresponding services for the front end, wherein the method comprises the following two aspects: firstly, accessing the database to provide basic operations such as related addition, deletion, modification, check and the like, and secondly, completing control or reading related states of the internal machine and the external machine.
The centralized controller can complete centralized control and management of the air conditioner indoor unit and the air conditioner outdoor unit, performs power charge statistics on the distributed indoor units, interacts with a front-end user in a web mode, and responds to a front-end request to feed back a processing result immediately.
When the requester logs in with the administrator, the centralized controller can create a cookie "name _ sha 1" in the front-end browser under the condition that the login is correct, and the subsequent communication completes the verification of the login state, the authority and the hash value by means of the cookie.
The centralized controller is used as a centralized control system of the air conditioner, has the function of uniformly and centrally controlling the air conditioner indoor units, and can issue and control instructions to a part of the air conditioner indoor units according to a formulated time plan. Firstly, the rules in the schedule management of the centralized controller are formulated by an administrator according to actual needs, and for example, the corresponding rules are modified by considering the requirements in the later period. For example, the air conditioner needs to set a cooling mode for some internal machines in summer, and needs to set a heating mode for some internal machines in winter. The editing can be performed in the existing control rules, and the functions of rule preparation, editing, deletion and the like are divided in the schedule management. The schedule management is an important function of the centralized control system, an execution command needs to be formulated for the corresponding internal machine at the corresponding time, the flexibility similar to that of a mobile phone alarm clock is realized, and the centralized control or the independent control by a manager is facilitated. The rules are easy to make and edit.
In order to realize schedule management of the internal machine, after a preset time point is reached, the write thread sets conditions according to preset states, and the state values of the internal machine acted by the preset state setting conditions are set as preset state values.
The preset state setting conditions may include state values of states of an operation mode, a wind speed setting, a temperature setting, whether to swing, an identifier of a locked remote controller, an identifier of an internal unit in the operation mode, and the like. The preset time point may be set in advance according to the requirement, for example, may be 8:00/10:00 per day, and so on. The user may set a preset time point with the front end, or the centralized controller may previously store a default preset time point.
For example, the operation mode, the wind speed setting, the temperature setting, whether to swing, whether to lock the remote controller, and the state values of the indoor unit identifier in the operation mode are respectively the refrigeration mode, the low speed, 24 ℃, no swing, and the remote controller locking, the indoor unit identifier in the operation mode includes an indoor unit a and an indoor unit b, the preset time point is 8:00 every day, and after the 8:00 every day is reached, the write thread sets the operation mode, the wind speed setting, the temperature setting, whether to swing, whether to lock the remote controller, respectively, as the refrigeration mode, the low speed, 24 ℃, no swing, and the remote controller locking.
By applying the embodiment of the invention, the schedule management can be carried out on the internal machine, and the further reasonable management and control of the internal machine are realized.
In one implementation, the counting, by the reading thread, the power rate of each allocated internal machine according to the power consumption of the external machine and the received internal machine message may include:
the reading thread determines whether the distributed internal machines exist in a working state or not according to the received internal machine information;
if the distributed internal machines have the internal machines in the working state, calculating the running cost of each internal machine in the working state in the distributed internal machines according to the power consumption of the external machines;
if the distributed internal machines do not have the internal machines in the working state, calculating the standby cost of each distributed internal machine according to the power consumption of the external machine;
and for each allocated internal machine, taking the calculated running cost or standby cost of the allocated internal machine as the electric charge of the allocated internal machine.
When the electricity consumption of each distributed internal machine is counted, the following two types of mutually exclusive logic at the same time are mainly analyzed: one is that the allocated internal machines are in working state, that is, under a certain machine set, there are internal machines allocated to the owner, and at least one of the allocated internal machines is in working state, and the electricity charge of the internal machine in working state among the allocated internal machines can be called as running charge; in another case, none of the allocated internal machines is in an operating state, and in this case, the electricity charge of the allocated internal machines may be referred to as standby charge. For the internal machine which is not allocated, the invention does not calculate the electricity fee.
The calculation of the standby cost is divided into three calculation modes, including: a basal cost mode, a mean distribution mode, and a time distribution mode. The standby fee in the basic fee mode can be borne by the property owner and is not involved in the calculation of the electricity fee of the owner, and the average distribution mode and the time distribution mode can be borne by the owner and are involved in the calculation of the electricity fee of the owner.
In one implementation, the calculating, by the read thread, the running cost of each of the allocated internal units in the operating state according to the power consumption of the external unit may include:
counting the number of the internal machines in the working state in the distributed internal machines based on the received internal machine messages;
dividing the power consumption of the external machine by the number of the internal machines in the working state in the distributed internal machines to be used as the power consumption of each internal machine in the working state in the distributed internal machines; and substituting the power consumption of each internal machine in the working state in the distributed internal machines into a preset power charge calculation formula to obtain the running cost of each internal machine in the working state in the distributed internal machines.
For example, assuming that there are 15 internal machines under a unit and 1 external machine provides cooling/heating of the internal machine, if in a synchronization signal, it can be determined from the received internal machine message that 8 internal machines are in working state, and 1 of the 8 internal machines is allocated to owner a and 3 of the 8 internal machines are allocated to owner B, then the power consumption of the external machine under the unit is only allocated by the four internal machines in working state and allocated to the owner, and the rest of the four internal machines which are not allocated consume the power of the external machine, but do not share the power, so the power consumption of the internal machine in working state of owner a is: 1/4, power consumption of the outdoor unit; the total power consumption of the three internal machines in the working state of the owner B is as follows: 3/4, and power consumption.
The step of calculating, by the read thread, the standby cost of each allocated internal unit according to the power consumption of the external unit may include:
counting the number of distributed indoor units based on the received indoor unit messages; determining the current charging mode;
if the current charging mode is a basic charge mode or an average distribution mode, dividing the power consumption of the external unit by the number of the distributed internal units to be used as the power consumption of each distributed internal unit; substituting the power consumption of each distributed internal machine into a preset power charge calculation formula to serve as the standby charge of each distributed internal machine;
if the current charging mode is a time distribution mode, determining the running time of each distributed internal machine and the total running time of all distributed internal machines; for each allocated indoor unit, dividing the running time of the allocated indoor unit by the total running time to obtain the occupation ratio of the allocated indoor unit; multiplying the power consumption of the allocated indoor unit by the power consumption of the outdoor unit to obtain the power consumption of the allocated indoor unit; and substituting the power consumption of the distributed internal machine into a preset power charge calculation formula to be used as the standby charge of the distributed internal machine.
The user can select the current charging mode through the front end, so that the back end can determine the charging mode selected by the user as the current charging mode. The standby charge calculation modes in different current charging modes are different, and the current charging mode may also be designed with other charging modes besides the above-mentioned basic charge mode, average distribution mode and time distribution mode, which is not limited in the present invention. The preset electricity charge calculation formula can be preset according to the actual situation, and the invention is not limited to this.
For example, when there are two allocated internal machines, it is determined at the current time that none of the two allocated internal machines is in the working state in the currently received internal machine message, and before that, one of the allocated internal machines works for 5 hours, and the other allocated internal machine works for 6 hours, then according to the time allocation mode, the power consumption of the first internal machine is: 5/(5+6) times of the power consumption of the external machine, and the power consumption of the other internal machine is as follows: 6/(5+6) times of the power consumption of the outdoor unit; according to the basic charge mode or the average distribution mode, the power consumption of the two distributed internal machines is as follows: 1/2 times of the power consumption of the outdoor unit.
In one implementation, the calculating, by the reading thread, an electricity fee balance of each owner according to an electricity fee of each allocated internal machine includes:
for the internal machine of which the electric charge comes from the standby charge, if the current charging mode is the basic charge mode, keeping the balance of the electric charge of each owner unchanged; if the current charging mode is an average distribution mode or a time distribution mode, taking the sum of the standby fees of the indoor units owned by the same owner as the current electricity fee of the owner; for each owner, subtracting the current electric charge of the owner from the pre-stored electric charge amount of the owner to obtain the electric charge balance of the owner;
for the internal machines of which the electricity charges are derived from the operation charges, taking the sum of the operation charges of the internal machines owned by the same owner as the current electricity charge of the owner; and for each owner, subtracting the current electric charge of the owner from the pre-stored electric charge amount of the owner to obtain the electric charge balance of the owner.
For example, 3 internal machines are allocated to the owner B, the running cost of each internal machine is 50 yuan, the electricity fee amount prestored by the owner is 200 yuan, and the electricity fee balance of the owner B is: 200- (50 x 3) ═ 50 yuan.
In order to facilitate the consulting of the alarm conditions of each internal unit and each external unit, the method further comprises the following steps:
the reading thread respectively determines inner machine alarm information and outer machine alarm information based on the received inner machine message and outer machine message, and records the inner machine alarm information and the outer machine alarm information;
and after receiving the alarm query instruction sent by the front end, the write thread sends the inner machine alarm information and the outer machine alarm information to the front end.
The inner machine message and the outer machine message can respectively comprise inner machine alarm information and outer machine alarm information, and the reading thread can directly extract the inner machine alarm information and the outer machine alarm information after receiving the inner machine message and the outer machine message, so that the inner machine alarm information and the outer machine alarm information can be recorded.
The user can send the warning inquiry instruction through the front end, for example, the front end can send the warning inquiry instruction to the rear end (centralized control ware) after detecting that the user clicks the warning inquiry button, and then the write thread of rear end can send interior machine alarm information and outer machine alarm information for the front end after receiving the warning inquiry instruction that the front end sent.
By applying the embodiment of the invention, a user can conveniently look up the inner machine alarm information and the outer machine alarm information.
In another implementation, the line reading process may further perform a drop-off detection on the internal machine, and if it is detected that there is an internal machine in a drop-off state, generate drop-off alarm information based on the internal machine in the drop-off state.
The disconnection detection mode can be as follows: for each indoor unit, judging whether the currently received indoor unit information of the indoor unit and the indoor unit information of the indoor unit received last time are both in an offline state; if the indoor unit is in the off-line state, the indoor unit is judged to be in the off-line state, otherwise, the indoor unit is judged not to be in the off-line state. In addition, for each indoor unit serial number in the database, if the received indoor unit information does not include the indoor unit serial number, the indoor unit with the indoor unit serial number is determined to be in an offline state.
In one implementation, the reading process may further generate an electric bill, and the electric bill may include all internal machine historical power consumption details distributed by the owner. In the basic charge mode or the average distribution mode, the electricity bill and the owner's balance may be updated once per hour, and in the time distribution mode, the electricity bill may be updated once per hour and the owner's balance may be updated once per day. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the electric bill and the balance of the owner can be updated in time, and different updating modes are adopted in different modes, so that the user requirements are better met.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A central air-conditioning centralized control system comprises an intelligent ammeter, a central air-conditioning outdoor unit and an indoor unit, and is characterized by further comprising a centralized controller, wherein the centralized controller comprises a power supply, an ARM processor and an FPGA, the power supply is used for supplying power to the centralized controller, the ARM processor is connected with the FPGA, the FPGA is used for being connected with the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit and used for acquiring and caching state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit, the ARM processor is used for reading the state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit cached in the FPGA into an operating system to be processed and stored, real-time monitoring, display and internal and external machine alarm of the state information of the central air-conditioning outdoor unit and the indoor unit are achieved, the ARM processor is used for being connected with the intelligent ammeter and used for reading intelligent ammeter data and achieving electricity charge statistics according to a preset program, and the ARM processor is used for conducting all external machines and indoor units in the system according to received instruction signals or the preset program Centralized or individual control and management;
the FPGA is provided with a plurality of paths of independent RS485 buses to be connected with the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the central air conditioner, the FPGA adopts a hardware description language to realize a plurality of independent RS485 interface logics, each interface is independent and has a buffer area, and the FPGA polls data of each device in sequence according to a specified protocol and a data sending time sequence, stores the data in the buffer areas and waits for an ARM processor to read and process the data;
the ARM processor adopts an embedded operating system to realize development of a database and development of a server program, the server program is used for providing WEB services for users to inquire and set and export data through the WEB services and processing the data, processing the data of the users and the data required by hardware is realized, various data are converted and finally stored in the database, follow-up inquiry is facilitated, and meanwhile, an electricity charge counting and sharing algorithm is realized.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the indoor unit state information comprises a system number, an indoor unit model, an indoor unit series, an air conditioner fault state, an operation mode, a mounting position, a centralized address, an in-group address, an affiliated user, an affiliated gateway, an affiliated group, a wind speed monitoring state, a temperature display state, humidity, an auxiliary function state and a protection state; the outdoor unit state information comprises a system number, an outdoor unit model, an outdoor unit address, an outdoor unit series, an operation mode and an installation position.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein: the server program in the ARM processor comprises a reading thread and a writing thread, the reading thread receives an internal machine message and an external machine message, and after a synchronous signal is detected, the running time of the external machine and the power consumption of the external machine are counted according to the received external machine message; according to the power consumption of the external machine and the received internal machine information, the power charge of each distributed internal machine is counted; calculating the electricity charge balance of each owner according to the electricity charge of each distributed internal machine;
and when detecting that a target owner with the electricity charge balance lower than a preset value exists, the write thread sends a shutdown control instruction to the internal machine owned by the target owner, so that the internal machine owned by the target owner is shut down according to the shutdown control instruction.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the ARM processor supports a gigabit network, can expand external storage, and has a color screen and a touch screen operation function, the centralized controller has an external power supply interface, a first RS485 interface, a second RS485 interface, a network interface, a TF/SD interface, a USB interface, a debugging serial port and an LCD touch display interface, the first RS485 interface is isolated and directly connected with the ARM, and the second RS485 interface is isolated and connected with the FPGA.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein: the ARM processor is used for carrying out RS485 communication with the intelligent electric meter; every off-premises station configuration an intelligent ammeter, this intelligent ammeter links to each other through RS485 bus and off-premises station, inserts centralized control ware through the off-premises station.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein: a group of RS485 ports are reserved in the system to be communicated with the indoor unit electric meter, and the indoor unit is used for charging when an independent electric meter is installed.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein: the ARM processor and the FPGA are both arranged on a circuit board, and a Nand Flash and a DDR memory are arranged in the circuit board.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein: the ARM processor is interconnected with the FPGA through an internal bus; the ARM processor is used for carrying out centralized or independent control and management on all outdoor units and indoor units in the system according to the received instruction signals and rules preset in schedule management; and realize the statistics, sharing and warning of the electric charge.
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| CN114427743A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-05-03 | 上海华电源信息技术有限公司 | Network centralized control system of rented central air conditioner |
| CN113009406A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric quantity measurement correction method and device and air conditioning system |
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| CN202032701U (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-09 | 华车（北京）交通装备有限公司 | Air conditioner control system based on ARM7 microprocessor |
| US10006462B2 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2018-06-26 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Systems and method for wirelessly communicating with electric motors |
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