CN110905734B - Wind turbine generator yaw brake pad wear monitoring method - Google Patents
Wind turbine generator yaw brake pad wear monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110905734B CN110905734B CN201911289777.3A CN201911289777A CN110905734B CN 110905734 B CN110905734 B CN 110905734B CN 201911289777 A CN201911289777 A CN 201911289777A CN 110905734 B CN110905734 B CN 110905734B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D66/00—Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
- F16D66/02—Apparatus for indicating wear
- F16D66/021—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
- F16D66/022—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness
- F16D66/025—Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means indicating that a lining is worn to minimum allowable thickness sensing the position of parts of the brake system other than the braking members, e.g. limit switches mounted on master cylinders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring abrasion of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator in real time; when the accumulated yaw angle is larger than a preset alarm value, outputting an alarm instruction; the preset alarm value is a yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained by an abrasion rate formula. By the adoption of the method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the yaw accumulated angle of the yaw brake pad is obtained in real time, the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is monitored in real time in a remote mode, the limit abrasion alarm can be carried out, the excessive abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator is prevented, and the adverse effect is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a method for monitoring abrasion of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator.
Background
The wind generating set comprises a wind wheel and a generator; the wind wheel comprises blades, a hub, a reinforcing member and the like, and has the functions of generating electricity by the rotation of the blades under the action of wind power, rotating the head of a generator and the like. The yaw system, also called wind alignment device, is a part of the wind power generator cabin, and has the function of aligning the wind direction quickly and smoothly when the direction of the wind speed vector changes, so that the wind wheel can obtain the maximum wind energy.
The yaw brake pad can be worn during the yaw of the wind turbine generator, if the wear of the yaw brake pad exceeds a limit value, the steel back of the yaw brake pad can be in direct contact friction with the brake disc, and the hardness of the steel back is higher than that of the brake disc, so that the brake disc can be worn by continuous yaw, and a series of problems and even the safety of the wind turbine generator are threatened. It is therefore necessary to monitor the wear of the yaw brake pads.
The current common yaw brake pad wear monitoring technology mainly comprises a wear indication rod and a wear indicator. The abrasion indicating rod and the abrasion indicator can only judge the abrasion condition through manual visual inspection, so that remote monitoring cannot be realized, and the conditions of not-in-place inspection and untimely inspection can be caused.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problems of untimely monitoring of the abrasion of the yaw brake pad and the like is a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for monitoring wear of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator, which can effectively solve the problem that the wear of the yaw brake pad is not timely monitored.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a wear monitoring method for a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:
acquiring a yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator in real time;
when the accumulated yaw angle is larger than a preset alarm value, outputting an alarm instruction;
the preset alarm value is a yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained by an abrasion rate formula.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the yaw accumulated angle is determined by the wear amount of the yaw brake pad, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad, the width of the yaw brake pad, the length of the yaw brake pad, the yaw pressure, the braking radius, the total area of a half caliper piston of the brake and the dynamic friction factor.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear amount of the yaw brake pad specifically includes:
wherein delta is the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, alpha is the accumulated angle of yaw, V is the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, a is the width of the yaw brake pad, b is the length of the yaw brake pad, p is the yaw pressure, A is the total area of a half caliper piston of the brake, and mu is the dynamic friction factor.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator, before the yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator is obtained in real time, the method further includes correcting the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and specifically includes:
acquiring the detection thicknesses and the corresponding yaw accumulated angles of yaw brake pads of a plurality of wind turbine generators in the whole field, which are obtained by two times of measurement;
corresponding to each wind turbine generator set, taking the difference value of the two detected thicknesses as the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, bringing the abrasion loss and the corresponding yaw accumulated angle into the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and calculating to obtain the product value of the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor;
taking the average value of the product of the wear rate of each yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor obtained by calculation as a correction value of the product of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and carrying out correction by substituting the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear amount of the yaw brake pad;
and determining the preset alarm value according to the corrected relationship between the accumulated yaw angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the preset time is six months.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator system, the method further includes:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained by measuring under a yaw accumulated angle;
calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
calculating the theoretical abrasion loss under the yaw accumulative angle according to the relationship between the yaw accumulative angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
calculating an error between the theoretical wear amount and the actual wear amount;
judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, executing the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor; otherwise, the yaw brake pad wear rate and the dynamic friction factor continue to use initial values.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator system, the method further includes:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained by measurement under an actual yaw accumulated angle;
calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
calculating a theoretical yaw accumulated angle under the actual abrasion loss according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
calculating the error between the theoretical yaw accumulated angle and the actual yaw accumulated angle;
judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, executing the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor; otherwise, the yaw brake pad wear rate and the dynamic friction factor continue to use initial values.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator system, the maximum abrasion amount of the yaw brake pad is smaller than the maximum abrasion amount allowed by the yaw brake pad.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, before outputting the alarm instruction when the yaw accumulated angle is greater than the preset alarm value, the method further includes:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained through measurement;
calculating the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad and the thickness detection value;
and correcting the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake block according to the actual abrasion loss and the yaw accumulated angle, and taking the yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the corrected maximum abrasion loss as the preset alarm value.
By applying the method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator is acquired in real time; and when the accumulated yaw angle is larger than a preset alarm value, outputting an alarm instruction. The preset alarm value is a yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained through an abrasion rate formula. Because the total stroke of the yaw brake block can be calculated according to the yaw accumulated angle, and the stroke can obtain the abrasion loss of the yaw brake block, the yaw accumulated angle of the yaw brake block is obtained in real time, the abrasion loss of the yaw brake block is remotely monitored in real time, limit abrasion alarming can be carried out, excessive abrasion of the yaw brake block of the wind turbine generator is prevented, and adverse effects are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring wear of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wind turbine generator brake.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the brake comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, a piston 2, a yaw brake pad 3 and a yaw brake disc 4.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for monitoring abrasion of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator system, which aims to remotely monitor the abrasion condition of the yaw brake pad in real time, replace the yaw brake pad in time and avoid the problems of brake disc abrasion and the like.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a wear monitoring method for a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the invention.
In a specific embodiment, the wear monitoring method for the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator system, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
s1: and acquiring the yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator in real time.
And in the working process of the wind turbine generator, acquiring the yaw angle of the wind turbine generator in real time, and accumulating the yaw angle to obtain the yaw accumulated angle. The calculation of the accumulated yaw angle may be specifically realized by programming.
S2: and when the accumulated yaw angle is larger than a preset alarm value, outputting an alarm instruction.
The preset alarm value is a yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained through an abrasion rate formula.
The total stroke of the yaw brake pad can be calculated through the yaw accumulated angle, and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained through stroke calculation, so that the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is established. And taking the yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad as a preset alarm value, and outputting an alarm instruction to give an alarm prompt when the yaw accumulated angle is greater than the preset alarm value, so that the abrasion condition of the yaw brake pad can be remotely monitored through the yaw angle.
It should be noted that the specific size of the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is determined according to the specific situation of the yaw brake pad, if the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is 7mm, the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is preferably set to 6mm, and when the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, that is, the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad reaches the maximum abrasion loss, the steel back of the yaw brake pad is in direct contact friction with the brake disc. The extremely large abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is smaller than the maximum abrasion loss allowed by the yaw brake pad, and the alarm prompt is given when the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is about to reach the maximum abrasion loss, so that a certain error space is reserved, and the abrasion of the brake disc caused by the direct contact friction of the steel back of the yaw brake pad and the brake disc is effectively avoided. The difference value of the maximum abrasion loss of the specific yaw brake pad and the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad can be set according to needs, and if the difference value is set to be 1mm, the difference value can be set.
By applying the method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator, the total stroke of the yaw brake pad can be calculated according to the yaw accumulated angle, and the stroke can obtain the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, so that the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad can be remotely monitored in real time by acquiring the yaw accumulated angle of the yaw brake pad in real time, the limit abrasion alarm can be carried out, the excessive abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator can be prevented, and the adverse effect can be avoided.
Further, the yaw accumulated angle is determined by the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, the width of the yaw brake pad, the length of the yaw brake pad, the yaw pressure, the braking radius, the total area of the half caliper piston of the brake and the dynamic friction factor. Therefore, when the relationship between the accumulated yaw angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is established, the width of the yaw brake pad, the length of the yaw brake pad, the yaw pressure, the brake radius, the total area of the half caliper piston of the brake and the dynamic friction factor are determined according to the structure of the wind turbine generator and parameters of all parts.
Specifically, the relation between the accumulated yaw angle and the wear loss of the yaw brake pad specifically is as follows:
in the formula, delta is the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, alpha is the accumulated angle of yaw, V is the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, a is the width of the yaw brake pad, b is the length of the yaw brake pad, p is the yaw pressure, A is the total area of a half caliper piston of the brake, mu is the dynamic friction factor, and R is the braking radius. Wherein, driftage brake block wear rate can be given through the survey by the driftage brake block producer, driftage brake block width, driftage brake block length, driftage pressure, the brake radius, the total area of stopper half pincers piston all can be confirmed by the stopper of wind turbine generator system and the parameter of supporting driftage brake block, the brake radius of driftage brake block specifically is driftage brake block center to brake disc center distance, the dynamic friction factor is confirmed by driftage brake block and brake disc material, fluctuate usually in certain extent, the average value is got, specifically can obtain the dynamic friction factor through modes such as test.
Through the formula, the relation between the yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad abrasion loss can be determined, the corresponding yaw accumulated angle value is obtained through calculation of the maximum abrasion loss, namely the preset alarm value is obtained, and therefore in the working process of the wind turbine generator, the yaw accumulated angle is obtained in real time, and when the yaw accumulated angle reaches the preset alarm value, an alarm instruction can be output to remind an operator to replace the yaw brake pad.
Further, before acquiring the yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator in real time, the method further comprises the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s01: obtaining the detection thicknesses and the corresponding yaw accumulated angles of the yaw brake pads of the full-field multiple wind turbine generators obtained by the two times of measurement;
since the wear rate V and the friction coefficient μmay deviate from the actual values, V and μmay be corrected in advance, that is, the V · μ average value is obtained according to the full field data of the wind turbine. It should be noted that the thickness detection time of the yaw brake pad corresponding to each wind turbine is preferably the same. The time of the interval between the two previous measurements and the interval between the two subsequent measurements can be set according to requirements, and the interval time of the multiple wind generation sets is the same. Specifically, two groups of detection thicknesses can be obtained by measuring the actual thickness of each wind turbine yaw brake pad at preset time intervals, such as at a certain moment, at intervals of six months and continuously for 12 months. The corresponding yaw accumulated angle refers to the yaw accumulated angle between the two previous and next measurements.
S02: corresponding to each wind turbine generator, taking the difference value of the two detected thicknesses as the wear loss of the yaw brake pad, bringing the wear loss and the corresponding yaw accumulated angle into the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear loss of the yaw brake pad, and calculating to obtain the product value of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor;
namely, corresponding to each wind turbine generator, the product value of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor is obtained through calculation. Specifically, the formula is as follows:
the abrasion loss delta is obtained by calculating the difference value of the thicknesses detected twice, the accumulated yaw angle alpha between the front side and the rear side is substituted into the formula, and the product of the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor can be obtained by calculating because all other parameters are determined by the wind turbine generator brake and all parameters of the matched brake pad.
S03: taking the average value of the product of the wear rate of each yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor obtained by calculation as a correction value of the product of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and taking the correction value into the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear amount of the yaw brake pad for correction;
and corresponding to a plurality of wind turbine generators in the whole field, respectively obtaining the product value of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor through the calculation, taking an average value as the product of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor after correction, and then returning to the relation between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear loss of the yaw brake pad to correct the product value. Through the correction, the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad abrasion loss is more accurate.
S04: and the preset alarm value is determined according to the relationship between the corrected yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad.
And calculating to obtain a corrected preset alarm value according to the corrected relationship between the corrected yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad abrasion loss by using the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, so that the abrasion monitoring is more accurate.
Still further, still include:
s001: obtaining a thickness detection value of a yaw brake pad obtained by measurement under a yaw accumulated angle;
s002: calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
s003: calculating the theoretical abrasion loss under the yaw accumulative angle according to the relationship between the yaw accumulative angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
s004: calculating the error between the theoretical abrasion loss and the actual abrasion loss;
s005: judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, correcting the wear rate and the dynamic friction factor of the yaw brake pad; otherwise, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor continue to use the initial values.
Or, further comprising:
s001: obtaining a thickness detection value of a yaw brake pad measured under an actual yaw accumulated angle;
s002: calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
s003: calculating a theoretical yaw accumulated angle under the actual abrasion loss according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
s004: calculating the error between the theoretical yaw accumulated angle and the actual yaw accumulated angle;
s005: judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, correcting the wear rate and the dynamic friction factor of the yaw brake pad; otherwise, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor continue to use the initial values.
Because the wear rate V and the friction coefficient mu may deviate from the actual values, the accuracy evaluation can be performed, and when the accuracy meets the requirement, the relationship between the current yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad wear amount can be continuously used; if the accuracy is not required, the correction can be performed through the above steps S01-S04. Specifically, the accuracy evaluation is to compare the error between the actual abrasion loss and the theoretical abrasion loss of the brake pad when the yaw angle is the same; or comparing the errors of the yaw angle under the condition that the abrasion amount is consistent. If the error is within 5%, the accuracy can be considered to be high; if it exceeds 5%, the wear rate V and the friction coefficient μ need to be corrected.
Specifically, under a certain actual yaw accumulated angle, measuring a thickness detection value of a yaw brake pad, and calculating an actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value; calculating the theoretical wear loss under the actual yaw accumulated angle or calculating the theoretical yaw accumulated angle under the actual wear loss according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear loss of the yaw brake pad; calculating the error between the theoretical wear loss and the actual wear loss, or calculating the error between the theoretical yaw accumulated angle and the actual yaw accumulated angle; judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, correcting the wear rate and the dynamic friction factor of the yaw brake pad; otherwise, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor continue to use the initial values.
The above steps S001-S005 can be specifically executed before S01, that is, by determining whether the error is greater than 5%, if yes, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor are corrected, that is, the steps S01-S04 are executed; otherwise, the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor continue to use the initial values, i.e., steps S1-S2 are performed.
On the basis of the above embodiments, when the accumulated yaw angle is greater than the preset alarm value, before outputting an alarm command, the method further includes:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained through measurement;
calculating the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the thickness detection value;
and correcting the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the actual abrasion loss and the yaw accumulated angle, and taking the yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the corrected maximum abrasion loss as a preset alarm value.
For a yaw brake pad worn by a wind power plant, correspondingly adjusting a first alarm value after checking the existing thickness of the yaw brake pad; and after a new brake pad is subsequently replaced, resetting the yaw accumulated angle value, and revising the standard value by the alarm value.
To better explain this solution, a specific embodiment will be described as an example.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wind turbine brake. The hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder 1 generates F1 pressure on the piston 2, wherein F1 is p.A; the piston 2 acts directly on the yaw brake pad 3, which yaw brake pad 3 in turn acts directly on the yaw brake disc 4, so that finally the force exerted by the yaw brake pad on the yaw brake disc 4 is also F1.
According to wear rate V (m)3/N · m) definition: the ratio of the brake pad wear volume to the corresponding brake pad work can be derived from the following formula:
the conversion relation between the accumulated yaw angle alpha (degree) and the number n of yaw turns is as follows:
therefore, the final relationship between the accumulated yaw angle and the brake pad wear amount is as follows:
wherein delta is the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, alpha is the accumulated angle of yaw, V is the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, a is the width of the yaw brake pad, b is the length of the yaw brake pad, p is the yaw pressure, A is the total area of a half caliper piston of the brake, and mu is the dynamic friction factor.
In this embodiment, the initial values of the parameters are shown in table 1:
table 1 initial values of the parameters
| Wear rate V of brake pad | 1.2×10-14m3/N·m |
| Yaw |
3×106pa |
| Width a of brake pad | 0.138m |
| Surface area a, b of brake pad | 5.8×10-3㎡ |
| Total piston area A of half caliper of brake | 3.395×10-2㎡ |
| Braking radius R | 1.219m |
| Coefficient of friction mu | 0.38-0.42 taking the average value of 0.4 |
| Yaw cumulative angle alpha | Degree of rotation |
The final relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the brake pad abrasion loss is calculated by the introduced parameters as follows:
assume that the maximum amount of wear of the yaw brake pad is 7 mm. For ensuring the security, keep certain margin, so to new brake block, 6mm is got to the very big wearing and tearing volume of driftage brake block, and the accumulative angle of driftage that wearing and tearing volume is 6mm corresponds promptly is for presetting the alarm value, then presets the alarm value and is:
therefore, before the linear relation is verified and revised, when the accumulated yaw angle reaches 3330000 degrees (corresponding to the wind field), a warning can be sent to prompt that the brake pad can be replaced.
If necessary, the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad abrasion loss can be corrected, and then the V & mu average value is taken according to the full field data.
Specifically, the thickness of the yaw brake pad is counted every 6 months (12 months) in the wind field, and the following table is recorded:
and averaging the V.mu, substituting the average V.mu into the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the yaw brake pad abrasion loss, and calculating to obtain a corrected preset alarm value:
if the accumulated yaw angle corresponding to the abrasion loss of 6mm is a preset alarm value, the preset alarm value is as follows:
and substituting the average value of V.mu into the formula to obtain the corrected preset alarm value.
In conclusion, the method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator system remotely monitors the abrasion condition of the brake pad through the yaw angle, can realize remote monitoring, timely replace the brake pad and avoid the problems of abrasion of the brake disc and the like.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A method for monitoring abrasion of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator in real time;
when the accumulated yaw angle is larger than a preset alarm value, outputting an alarm instruction;
the preset alarm value is a yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad is obtained by an abrasion rate formula;
the accumulated yaw angle is determined by the abrasion loss of a yaw brake pad, the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, the width of the yaw brake pad, the length of the yaw brake pad, the yaw pressure, the braking radius, the total area of a brake half caliper piston and the dynamic friction factor;
before the yaw accumulated angle of the wind turbine generator is obtained in real time, the method further comprises the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring the detection thicknesses and the corresponding yaw accumulated angles of yaw brake pads of a plurality of wind turbine generators in the whole field, which are obtained by two times of measurement;
corresponding to each wind turbine generator set, taking the difference value of the two detected thicknesses as the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, substituting the abrasion loss and the corresponding yaw accumulated angle into the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, and calculating to obtain the product value of the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor;
taking the average value of the product of the wear rate of each yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor obtained by calculation as a correction value of the product of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor, and carrying out correction by substituting the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the wear amount of the yaw brake pad;
and determining the preset alarm value according to the corrected relationship between the accumulated yaw angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad.
2. The method for monitoring the abrasion of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad specifically comprises:
wherein delta is the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad, alpha is the accumulated angle of yaw, V is the abrasion rate of the yaw brake pad, a is the width of the yaw brake pad, b is the length of the yaw brake pad, p is the yaw pressure, A is the total area of a half caliper piston of the brake, mu is the dynamic friction factor, and R is the braking radius.
3. The method for monitoring wear of a yaw brake pad of a wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the two measurements is six months.
4. The method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained by measuring under a yaw accumulated angle;
calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
calculating the theoretical abrasion loss under the yaw accumulative angle according to the relationship between the yaw accumulative angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
calculating an error between the theoretical wear amount and the actual wear amount;
judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, executing the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor; otherwise, the yaw brake pad wear rate and the dynamic friction factor continue to use initial values.
5. The method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained by measurement under an actual yaw accumulated angle;
calculating to obtain the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad corresponding to the thickness detection value;
calculating a theoretical yaw accumulated angle under the actual abrasion loss according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad;
calculating the error between the theoretical yaw accumulated angle and the actual yaw accumulated angle;
judging whether the error is larger than 5%, if so, executing the correction of the wear rate of the yaw brake pad and the dynamic friction factor; otherwise, the yaw brake pad wear rate and the dynamic friction factor continue to use initial values.
6. The method for monitoring the wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the maximum wear amount of the yaw brake pad is smaller than the maximum wear amount allowed by the yaw brake pad.
7. The method for monitoring wear of the yaw brake pad of the wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when the yaw accumulated angle is greater than a preset alarm value, before outputting an alarm instruction, the method further comprises the following steps:
obtaining a thickness detection value of the yaw brake pad obtained through measurement;
calculating the actual abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad according to the relationship between the yaw accumulated angle and the abrasion loss of the yaw brake pad and the thickness detection value;
and correcting the maximum abrasion loss of the yaw brake block according to the actual abrasion loss and the yaw accumulated angle, and taking the yaw accumulated angle value corresponding to the corrected maximum abrasion loss as the preset alarm value.
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| CN113781752B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-01-31 | 武汉依迅北斗时空技术股份有限公司 | Brake pad early warning method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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