CN110905509B - Deep hole shrinkage mining method for thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body - Google Patents
Deep hole shrinkage mining method for thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN110905509B CN110905509B CN201911082836.XA CN201911082836A CN110905509B CN 110905509 B CN110905509 B CN 110905509B CN 201911082836 A CN201911082836 A CN 201911082836A CN 110905509 B CN110905509 B CN 110905509B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body deep hole shrinkage mining method, which comprises the following steps: step one, dividing a mineral chamber; step two, digging a vein-following raise; step three, constructing a connection roadway; step four, digging a ore removal connection roadway; step five, arranging the bottom structure of the chamber; constructing a pull-bottom roadway; constructing a raise along the vein; drilling a deep hole; step nine, blasting; step ten: and repeating the seventh step, the eighth step and the ninth step for the second layer above the first layer and the subsequent layers until the mining height requirement of the chamber is met. The invention can adopt deep hole mining, can drill rock for multiple shifts and carry out centralized blasting, the mining efficiency can be estimated to reach 50-60 tons/shift, compared with the traditional shallow hole mining efficiency of 25-30 tons/shift, the mining efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the links of open stope, danger elimination and the like can reduce a large amount of labor investment, and the expected safety benefit and economic benefit can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an shrinkage mining method, in particular to a deep hole shrinkage mining method for a thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body.
Background
At present, a wall cutting filling method and a shallow hole shrinkage mining method are adopted for mining thin-vein type steeply inclined ore bodies, the two methods are mining methods with wider application range of underground metal mines in China, and both methods are shallow hole mining. The defects of large leveling field workload, increased risk-eliminating workload due to poor surrounding rock conditions of an operation field, low thin-vein line mining efficiency and the like exist in the engineering implementation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body deep hole shrinkage mining method with high mining efficiency, which can reduce the labor input and improve the expected safety benefit and economic benefit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the mining method for the deep hole shrinkage of the thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing a chamber: dividing the ore body into ore rooms at intervals of 40-50m according to the trend of the ore body;
step two, digging a vein-following raise: digging a vein raise at each of two ends of the chamber, wherein the height of the raise is higher than that of the current mining stage;
step three, constructing a connection roadway: constructing a layer of connection roadway at every 5m interval on the vein courtyard at two ends of the chamber;
step four, excavating a ore removal connection roadway: digging a ore removal connection roadway at the bottom of the chamber in the mining and collecting stage;
step five, the bottom structure of the chamber is arranged: arranging funnel-shaped bottom structures at a distance of 5m below an ore body in a run-out connection roadway, wherein each funnel-shaped bottom structure is provided with an openable/closable funnel gate as a controllable ore receiving point;
step six, constructing a pull-bottom roadway: a tunnel of drawing the end is under construction at the top of leaking hopper-shaped substructure, and the tunnel specification of drawing the end is: the diameter of the connecting roadway is 1.5m multiplied by 1.8m, the cross section is rectangular, and the pull-bottom roadway is respectively communicated with the connecting roadways of the vein-following raise shafts at two ends of the chamber;
step seven, constructing a vein-following measure raise: a 7 m-high vein-edge measure raise is upwards constructed on a connecting roadway of the vein-edge raise at one end of the chamber in the pull-bottom roadway, close to the end part of the chamber, and used as a blasting free surface in deep hole mining;
step eight, drilling a deep hole: layering the height of a mining stage by 6m, wherein the bottommost layer is a first layering, constructing 5.5m-6m upward deep holes in the first layering along a vein raise on the other side of the blasting free face of the chamber, and arranging two holes in each deep hole with the row spacing of 0.6 m;
step nine, blasting: continuously drilling 10 rows or more from the part of the vein-following measure raise near the blasting free surface, blasting the 1 st row to the 5 th row, and carrying out charging, blasting, danger discharging, ore drawing, channel dredging and rock drilling in sequence after blasting until the rock drilling blasting of the communication roadway of the vein-following raise at the other end of the chamber is finished;
step ten: and repeating the seventh step, the eighth step and the ninth step for the second layer above the first layer and the subsequent layers until the mining height requirement of the chamber is met.
In a preferred embodiment of the deep-hole shrinkage mining method for a shallow-vein type steeply inclined ore body provided by the present invention, in the second step, the excavation specification of the vein-following raise is: 1.5 m.times.2.1 m.
In a preferred embodiment of the deep-hole shrinkage mining method for the thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body provided by the invention, in step three, a plurality of connection roadways of the vein-following raise shafts at two ends of the chamber are arranged in a staggered manner, and the specifications of the connection roadways are as follows: 1.5m × 1.8m, rectangular cross section.
In a preferred embodiment of the deep-hole shrinkage mining method for the thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body provided by the invention, in the seventh step, the widths of the upper and lower plates of the vein-following measure patio exceed the width of the ore body by 20cm, and the length of the vein-following measure patio is 2 m.
In a preferred embodiment of the deep-hole shrinkage mining method for the thin-vein type steeply-inclined ore body, in the step eight, a YSP-45 type drilling machine is adopted for deep hole construction, and the construction specific steps are as follows:
step eight one: adopting 1m ladder section drill rod sleeve drill rod to construct to 3m hole depth;
step eight two: and (5) connecting the sleeved drill rods by using the drill rods, and continuing to construct the hole depth of 6 m.
In a preferred embodiment of the deep-hole shrinkage mining method for the thin-vein type steeply-inclined ore body, the drill rod connecting sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve, two ends of the sleeve are provided with symmetrical conical holes connected with the drill rod, and a through hole is formed between the two conical holes.
Compared with the prior art, the thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body deep hole shrinkage mining method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can adopt deep hole mining, can drill rock for multiple shifts and carry out centralized blasting, the mining efficiency can be estimated to reach 50-60 tons/shift, compared with the traditional shallow hole mining efficiency of 25-30 tons/shift, the mining efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the links of open stope, danger elimination and the like can reduce a large amount of labor investment, and the expected safety benefit and economic benefit can be greatly improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a deep-hole shrinkage mining method for a shallow-vein type steeply inclined ore body provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of the drill rod connecting sleeve provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the shallow-vein type steeply inclined ore body deep hole shrinkage mining method includes the following steps:
step one, dividing a chamber: dividing the ore body into ore rooms at intervals of 40-50m according to the trend of the ore body;
step two, digging a vein-following raise: the two ends of the chamber are respectively provided with a vein courtyard 11, the height of the courtyard is higher than that of the current mining stage, and the excavation specification is as follows: 1.5 m.times.2.1 m;
step three, constructing a connection roadway: constructing one layer of connection roadway 12 at every 5m interval of the vein-following patios at two ends of the mine, preferably, staggering a plurality of connection roadways of the vein-following patios at two ends of the mine, and the specification of the connection roadway is as follows: 1.5m × 1.8m, rectangular cross section;
step four, excavating a ore removal connection roadway: digging a mine removal connection roadway 13 at the bottom of the chamber in the mining and collecting stage;
step five, the bottom structure of the chamber is arranged: funnel-shaped bottom structures 14 are arranged below ore bodies in the ore removal connection roadway 13 at intervals of 5m, and each funnel-shaped bottom structure 14 is provided with an openable/closable funnel gate 15 as a controllable ore receiving point;
step six, constructing a pull-bottom roadway: a tunnel 16 is drawn at the top construction of the funnel-shaped bottom structure, and the specifications of the tunnel are as follows: the diameter of the connecting roadway is 1.5m multiplied by 1.8m, the cross section is rectangular, and the pull-bottom roadway 16 is respectively communicated with the connecting roadways 12 of the vein-following raise shafts at two ends of the chamber;
step seven, constructing a vein-following measure raise: a 7 m-high vein-following measure raise 17 is constructed upwards near the end part of a mine room in a connecting roadway 12 of the vein-following raise at one end of the mine room in a pull-bottom roadway 16 and is used as a blasting free surface in deep hole mining, and the widths of an upper plate and a lower plate of the vein-following measure raise 17 exceed the width 20cm and the length 2m of an ore body;
step eight, drilling a deep hole: layering the height of a mining stage by 6m, wherein the bottommost layer is a first layering, constructing 5.5m-6m upward deep holes 18 along a vein raise on the first layering along the blasting free surface facing to the other side of the chamber, and arranging two holes in each deep hole with the row spacing of 0.6 m;
in the eighth step, a YSP-45 type drilling machine is adopted for constructing the deep hole, and the construction comprises the following specific steps:
step eight one: adopting 1m ladder section drill rod sleeve drill rod to construct to 3m hole depth;
step eight two: using a drill rod connecting sleeve 20 to connect the drill rod and continue the construction to the depth of a hole of 6 m;
step nine, blasting: continuously drilling 10 rows or more from the part of the vein-following measure raise near the blasting free surface, blasting the 1 st row to the 5 th row, and carrying out charging, blasting, danger discharging, ore drawing, channel dredging and rock drilling in sequence after blasting until the rock drilling blasting of the communication roadway of the vein-following raise at the other end of the chamber is finished;
the drill rod connecting sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve, as shown in fig. 2, two ends of the sleeve are provided with symmetrical conical holes connected with the drill rod, and a through hole is formed between the two conical holes;
the drill rod and the drill rod connecting sleeve utilize the Morse taper principle, and after the drill rod connecting sleeve is connected with the drill rod, the conical hole structure can determine the central position and generate certain self-contraction force, so that the drill rod cannot fall off.
Step ten: and repeating the seventh step, the eighth step and the ninth step for the second layer above the first layer and the subsequent layers until the mining height requirement of the chamber is met.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A thin-vein type steeply inclined ore body deep hole shrinkage mining method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, dividing a chamber: dividing the ore body into ore rooms at intervals of 40-50m according to the trend of the ore body;
step two, digging a vein-following raise: digging a vein raise at each of two ends of the chamber, wherein the height of the raise is higher than that of the current mining stage;
step three, constructing a connection roadway: constructing a layer of connection roadway at every 5m interval on the vein courtyard at two ends of the chamber;
step four, excavating a ore removal connection roadway: digging a mine removal connection roadway at the bottom of the chamber in the mining stage;
step five, the bottom structure of the chamber is arranged: arranging funnel-shaped bottom structures at a distance of 5m below an ore body in a run-out connection roadway, wherein each funnel-shaped bottom structure is provided with an openable/closable funnel gate as a controllable ore receiving point;
step six, constructing a pull-bottom roadway: a tunnel of drawing the end is under construction at the top of leaking hopper-shaped substructure, and the tunnel specification of drawing the end is: the diameter of the connecting roadway is 1.5m multiplied by 1.8m, the cross section is rectangular, and the pull-bottom roadway is respectively communicated with the connecting roadways of the vein-following raise shafts at two ends of the chamber;
step seven, constructing a vein-following measure raise: a 7 m-high vein-edge measure raise is upwards constructed on a connecting roadway of the vein-edge raise at one end of the chamber in the pull-bottom roadway, close to the end part of the chamber, and used as a blasting free surface in deep hole mining;
step eight, drilling a deep hole: layering the height of a mining stage by 6m, wherein the bottommost layer is a first layering, constructing 5.5m-6m upward deep holes in the first layering along a vein raise on the other side of the blasting free face of the chamber, and arranging two holes in each deep hole with the row spacing of 0.6 m;
step nine, blasting: continuously drilling 10 rows or more from the part of the vein-following measure raise near the blasting free surface, blasting the 1 st row to the 5 th row, and carrying out charging, blasting, danger discharging, ore drawing, channel dredging and rock drilling in sequence after blasting until the rock drilling blasting of the communication roadway of the vein-following raise at the other end of the chamber is finished;
step ten: and repeating the seventh step, the eighth step and the ninth step for the second layer above the first layer and the subsequent layers until the mining height requirement of the chamber is met.
2. The shallow-vein type steeply dipping ore body deep hole shrinkage stoping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the excavation specification of the vein-following raise is as follows: 1.5 m.times.2.1 m.
3. The shallow-vein type steeply dipping ore body deep hole shrinkage stoping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, a plurality of connection roadways of the vein-following raise at the two ends of the mine room are arranged in a staggered manner, and the specifications of the connection roadways are as follows: 1.5m × 1.8m, rectangular cross section.
4. The shallow-vein type steeply dipping ore body deep hole shrinkage stoping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and seventhly, the widths of the upper plate and the lower plate of the vein-following measure patio exceed the width of the ore body by 20cm, and the length of the vein-following measure patio is 2 m.
5. The shallow-vein type steeply dipping ore body deep hole shrinkage stoping method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the eighth step, a YSP-45 type drilling machine is adopted for constructing the deep hole, and the construction comprises the following specific steps:
step eight one: adopting 1m ladder section drill rod sleeve drill rod to construct to 3m hole depth;
step eight two: and (5) connecting the sleeved drill rods by using the drill rods, and continuing to construct the hole depth of 6 m.
6. The shallow-vein type steeply dipping ore body deep hole shrinkage stoping method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the drill rod connecting sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve, two ends of the sleeve are provided with symmetrical conical holes connected with the drill rod, and a through hole is formed between the two conical holes.
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| CN104612692B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-07-27 | 中南大学 | Formation continuous filling mining method followed by segmentation ore caving polycrystalline substance |
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