CN110904428A - Engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method - Google Patents
Engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110904428A CN110904428A CN201911353484.7A CN201911353484A CN110904428A CN 110904428 A CN110904428 A CN 110904428A CN 201911353484 A CN201911353484 A CN 201911353484A CN 110904428 A CN110904428 A CN 110904428A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0227—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastic surface treatment, and particularly discloses an engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method with low processing cost and strong coating bonding force, which comprises the following steps: carrying out alkali washing on the plastic base material to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic base material; sequentially carrying out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing to obtain a pretreated base material with specified surface roughness; drying the washed pretreated base material, and removing dust from the dried pretreated base material; carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material; plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface; and naturally cooling the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to room temperature to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastic surface treatment, in particular to a metallization electroplating method for the surface of engineering plastic.
Background
The engineering plastic is a plastic which can be used as a engineering material and can replace metal to manufacture machine parts and the like, has the characteristics of high strength, good impact resistance, good heat resistance, high hardness, excellent ageing resistance and the like, and is widely used for producing and processing industrial parts or shell materials. Engineering plastics include plastics of many materials such as PPS, LCP, PI, PA, PPA, PPO and PBT, wherein, PPS/LCP class engineering plastics mainly are used for communication trades such as base station antenna, car antenna and electronic connector to promote signal transmission equipment's intensity and prolong its life, guarantee signal transmission's reliability. In the processing process of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics, the surface of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics needs to be subjected to local electroplating pretreatment so as to improve the surface property of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics, so that the surface of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics has the metal characteristic, and further the processing performance of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics is improved.
However, the traditional surface metallization processing operation of PPS/LCP engineering plastics mainly comprises the steps of adopting LDS-MID chemical plating and local electroplating processes, wherein the LDS-MID chemical plating has higher cost for surface metallization processing of the PPS/LCP engineering plastics, which is not beneficial to improving the market competitiveness of products.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for metallizing the surface of engineering plastic, aiming at the technical problems of high processing cost and poor bonding force of the coating.
The engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method comprises the following steps: carrying out alkali washing on the plastic base material to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic base material; sequentially carrying out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing to obtain a pretreated base material with specified surface roughness; drying the washed pretreated base material, and removing dust from the dried pretreated base material; carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material; plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface; and naturally cooling the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to room temperature to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
In one embodiment, the alkaline washing operation is performed with an alkaline solution having a pH of 8 to 8.5.
In one embodiment, the alkali solution is one of ammonia water, aluminum hydroxide or ferric hydroxide.
In one embodiment, the caustic wash operation lasts 30 to 45 seconds.
In one embodiment, in the acid etching operation, an acid solution is uniformly sprayed on the plastic substrate.
In one embodiment, the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
In one embodiment, the acid etched plastic substrate is washed in deionized water.
In one embodiment, the pretreated substrate has a surface roughness of between 4 and 10.
In one embodiment, the dried pretreated substrate is electrostatically dedusted.
In one embodiment, the surface modifier used in the surface modification operation is fatty acid diethanolamide or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
According to the engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method, the plastic base material is subjected to acid etching, and corrosion points are generated on the plastic base material through corrosion, so that the surface roughness of the plastic base material is increased, and therefore, when the metallization coating is plated on the plastic base material, the contact area between the metallization coating and the surface of the plastic base material can be increased, the binding force between the metallization coating and the plastic base material is further improved, and the market competitiveness of a product is improved; in addition, the device for coating the plastic base material by adopting the chemical vapor deposition method is simple, the cost is low, and the adhesive force of the coating on the plastic base material is good, so that the surface quality of the coated plastic base material is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for metallizing a surface of a plastic according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for metallizing the surface of the engineering plastic in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for metallizing the surface of the engineering plastic in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a secondary-modified engineering plastic of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an engineering plastic of a comparative example.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an engineering plastic surface metallization plating method 10, wherein the engineering plastic surface metallization plating method 10 includes the following steps:
step S101: and (3) placing the plastic substrate in ammonia water with the pH value of 8 for continuously soaking for 45 seconds to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic substrate.
Specifically, an ammonia water solution with the pH value of 8 is prepared, the ammonia water solution is heated to 45 ℃, and then the plastic substrate is soaked in the ammonia water solution, so that the ammonia water can fully react with grease on the surface of the plastic substrate, and the grease is decomposed into small molecular substances and leaves the plastic substrate. Through heating up ammonia solution, can accelerate the reaction rate between aqueous ammonia and the grease to promote the grease cleaning efficiency on plastic substrate surface.
In one embodiment, the ammonia solution is oscillated while the alkaline cleaning operation is performed. The vibrator is installed to the container bottom that holds aqueous ammonia solution, makes the vibrator drive aqueous ammonia solution and vibrates, so, aqueous ammonia solution will move and constantly erode the plastic substrate for the plastic substrate to further accelerate the reaction rate of aqueous ammonia and grease, and be favorable to aqueous ammonia solution to take away the micromolecule material that will adhere to on the plastic substrate surface, reach the purpose of cleaing away plastic substrate surface greasy dirt.
It should be noted that the plastic substrate adopted by the electroplating method of the invention is one of materials such as PPS, LCP, MPI and PEEK, the engineering plastics have good mechanical properties, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and when the engineering materials are applied to signal transmission equipment, the strength of the signal transmission equipment can be obviously improved and the service life of the signal transmission equipment can be prolonged.
Step S102: and respectively adopting sulfuric acid and deionized water to sequentially carry out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing to obtain a pretreated base material with the surface roughness of 10.
Specifically, a sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 80% is uniformly sprayed on the plastic base material, the spraying density of the sulfuric acid solution is 10 drops/square centimeter, and the sulfuric acid solution is sprayed on the plastic base material, so that the sulfuric acid solution stays on the plastic base material for 120 seconds, corrosion of sulfuric acid on the plastic base material is facilitated, corrosion points are generated, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is increased. After the plastic base material is subjected to acid etching operation, the plastic base material is placed under flowing deionized water flow for washing, so that acid liquor remained on the surface of the plastic base material is removed, the surface of the plastic base material is prevented from being further corroded by the acid liquor, the surface quality of the plastic base material and the reliability of the acid etching operation of the plastic base material are ensured, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is further conveniently controlled. By adopting deionized water to wash the acid liquor on the plastic substrate, the salt substances in the water can be prevented from being remained on the surface of the plastic substrate after being dried, namely, the influence of salt stains on the surface quality of the plastic substrate is eliminated, so that the binding force of the metalized coating and the surface of the plastic substrate is improved.
It should be noted that, during the acid etching operation of the plastic substrate, the infrared distance meter may be used to measure the depth of each etching point on the surface of the plastic substrate in real time, and the measured depth data of the etching points is transmitted back to the external processor for calculation, so as to obtain the real-time surface roughness value of the plastic substrate, which is beneficial to reasonably adjusting the duration of the acid etching operation, so that the surface roughness of the plastic substrate reaches a predetermined value.
Step S103: and drying the washed pretreated base material, and performing electrostatic dust removal on the dried pretreated base material.
Specifically, the pretreated substrate after washing is placed in a dryer, and the pretreated substrate is continuously heated and dried in a hot air environment of 40 ℃ to remove residual moisture on the surface of the pretreated substrate. After the water drops on the surface of the pretreated substrate are completely removed, the pretreated substrate is heated for 2 minutes to ensure complete drying of the pretreated substrate. In the drying operation of the pretreated base material, a certain amount of dust is contained in hot air or air, and the dust is easily attached to the surface of the pretreated base material, so that the metalized coating is difficult to adhere to the plastic base material, the binding force between the metalized coating and the plastic base material is affected, and the dedusting operation needs to be carried out on the pretreated base material. Specifically, the dried pretreated substrate is introduced into a high-voltage electrostatic field, and dust attached to the surface of the pretreated substrate is combined with negative ions to be charged negatively, and then tends to an anode of the high-voltage electrostatic field, and is discharged and precipitated on the surface of the anode, so that the aim of removing dust from the pretreated substrate is fulfilled.
Step S104: and carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material.
Specifically, fatty acid diethanolamide is coated on the surface of the pretreated substrate, and the surface of the pretreated substrate is modified to reduce the attachment difficulty of a metalized coating on the pretreated substrate. The fatty acid diethanolamide is a nonionic surfactant and simultaneously has a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group, the lipophilic group of the fatty acid diethanolamide is compatible with a pretreated base material, and the hydrophilic group of the fatty acid diethanolamide can migrate to the surface of the pretreated base material, so that the polarity of the surface of the pretreated base material is improved, the adhesion of the pretreated base material, namely the plastic base material and a metalized coating is improved, and the coating effect of the metalized coating on the surface of engineering plastic is improved.
Step S105: and plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface.
Specifically, the organic compound of the metal to be plated on the surface of the primary modified substrate and other reactive gas sources are carried into the reaction chamber by using inert gases such as hydrogen, nitrogen or argon, and it should be noted that it is to be ensured that the added other reactive gas sources can react with the organic compound of the metal and generate metal atoms, so as to facilitate the coating operation. After metal organic compound and other reaction gases enter the reaction chamber, the temperature in the reaction chamber is increased, so that the metal organic compound and other reaction gases are subjected to chemical reaction to generate metal atoms, and then the formed metal atoms are introduced into the chamber in which the primary modified substrate is placed, and are cooled to be favorable for the metal atoms to be solidified into liquid from gas state and then to be precipitated on the surface of the primary modified substrate, thereby completing the operation of plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified substrate. In this example, argon gas at a flow rate of 120SCCM was used as the gas source and carried with silver methane, i.e., CH3And Ag is used as a metal organic compound and is introduced into the reaction chamber, so that methane silver and hydrogen chloride gas react at 650 ℃ to generate methane and silver atoms, and the generated silver atoms are introduced into the chamber where the primary modified base material is positioned, cooled to 40 ℃ and solidified, so that an epitaxial layer is formed on the surface of the primary modified base material, and the plating of a silver plating layer on the plastic base material is realized.
It should be noted that the invention adopts the metal organic compound vapor phase epitaxy technology, and depends on the gas source transmission and the thermal cracking reaction, so as to form the metal epitaxial layer on the surface of the plastic substrate, and achieve the purpose of metallizing the engineering plastic. In actual production, according to the kind of technology to be plated on the plastic substrate, a suitable metal organic compound and a non-metal hydride capable of reacting with the metal organic compound can be selected, and various reaction conditions are adjusted, so that metal atoms are deposited on the surface of the plastic substrate, and the metalized modification of the surface of the engineering plastic is achieved.
Step S106: and naturally cooling the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to room temperature to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
Specifically, after the chemical vapor deposition of metal atoms occurs on the surface of the primary modified substrate, the temperature of the substrate and the epitaxial layer is higher, so that the temperature of the substrate needs to be reduced to room temperature, and the problem that the aging rate of the metal coating is accelerated due to the fact that water vapor in the environment is condensed on the epitaxial layer, namely the surface of the metal coating is solved, so that the service life of the engineering plastic is prolonged.
According to the engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method 10, the plastic base material is subjected to acid etching, and corrosion points are generated on the plastic base material through corrosion, so that the surface roughness of the plastic base material is increased, and thus, when the metallization coating is plated on the plastic base material, the contact area between the metallization coating and the surface of the plastic base material can be increased, the binding force between the metallization coating and the plastic base material is further improved, and the market competitiveness of a product is improved; in addition, the device for coating the plastic base material by adopting the chemical vapor deposition method is simple, the cost is low, and the adhesive force of the coating on the plastic base material is good, so that the surface quality of the coated plastic base material is further improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides an engineering plastic surface metallization plating method 20, wherein the engineering plastic surface metallization plating method 20 comprises the following steps:
step S201: the plastic substrate was subjected to alkaline washing in an aluminum hydroxide solution having a pH of 8.3 for 38 seconds to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic substrate.
Specifically, an aluminum hydroxide solution with the concentration of 60% and water are prepared into an alkali liquor with the pH value of 8.3, and the plastic base material is soaked in the alkali liquor at the temperature of 42 ℃ so as to be beneficial to the hydrolysis reaction of the aluminum hydroxide and the grease, so that the grease is decomposed into short-chain small molecular substances, and the purpose of removing the grease is achieved.
In one embodiment, install supersonic generator at the container bottom that holds aluminium hydroxide solution, supersonic generator sends the ultrasonic wave in the working process, and this ultrasonic wave will make alkali lye vibrate when transmitting to the alkali lye in, and then makes alkali lye produce relative motion for the plastic substrate to frequently wash the grease on plastic substrate surface, with the area of contact and the frequency of increase grease and alkali lye, and then promote the decomposition rate of grease.
Step S202: and respectively and sequentially carrying out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing by adopting hydrochloric acid and deionized water to obtain a pretreated base material with the surface roughness of 8.
Specifically, 80% hydrochloric acid solution is uniformly sprayed on the plastic base material, the spraying density of the hydrochloric acid solution is 12 drops/square centimeter, the hydrochloric acid solution is sprayed on the plastic base material, and the hydrochloric acid solution continuously stays on the plastic base material for 200 seconds, so that corrosion of the hydrochloric acid on the plastic base material is facilitated to generate corrosion points, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is increased. After the plastic base material is subjected to acid etching operation, the plastic base material is placed under flowing deionized water flow for washing, so that acid liquor remained on the surface of the plastic base material is removed, the surface of the plastic base material is prevented from being further corroded by the acid liquor, the surface quality of the plastic base material and the reliability of the acid etching operation of the plastic base material are ensured, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is further conveniently controlled.
Step S203: and drying the washed pretreated base material, and removing dust from the dried pretreated base material.
Specifically, the pretreated substrate after washing is placed in a dryer, and the pretreated substrate is continuously heated and dried in a hot air environment of 45 ℃ to remove residual moisture on the surface of the pretreated substrate. After the surface of the pretreated substrate is dried, the dried pretreated substrate is introduced into a high-voltage electrostatic field, dust attached to the surface of the pretreated substrate is combined with negative ions and charged negatively, and then the dust tends to an anode of the high-voltage electrostatic field and is discharged and precipitated on the surface of the anode, so that the aim of removing dust from the pretreated substrate is fulfilled.
Step S204: and carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material.
Specifically, the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is coated on the surface of the pretreatment substrate, and the surface of the pretreatment substrate is modified to reduce the attachment difficulty of the metalized coating on the pretreatment substrate. The fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is a nonionic surfactant and simultaneously has a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group, the lipophilic group of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is compatible with a pretreatment substrate, and the hydrophilic group of the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether can migrate to the surface of the pretreatment substrate, so that the polarity of the surface of the pretreatment substrate is improved, the pretreatment substrate is further improved, namely the binding power of the plastic substrate and a metalized coating is improved, and the plating effect of the metalized coating on the surface of engineering plastic is further improved.
Step S205: and plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface.
Specifically, hydrogen with the flow rate of 200SCCM is used as a gas source to carry copper acetylide gas and hydrogen chloride gas into a reaction chamber, so that copper acetylide and hydrogen chloride react at 700 ℃ to generate copper atoms, then mixed gas containing the copper atoms is introduced into a chamber where a primary modified base material is located, the mixed gas is cooled to 40 ℃, and under the condition, the copper atoms are rapidly solidified and settled on the surface of the primary modified base material, so that an epitaxial layer of metal copper is formed, and metallization treatment of engineering plastics is realized. In this embodiment, the primary modified substrate is preheated to 40 ℃ to accelerate the molecular movement of the surface of the primary modified substrate, so that when copper atoms are deposited on the surface of the primary modified substrate, the copper atoms can be embedded between the plastic particles on the surface of the primary modified substrate, thereby achieving the firm bonding between the plating layer and the substrate.
Step S206: and naturally cooling the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to room temperature to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
In the method 20 for metallizing the surface of the engineering plastic, the plastic substrate is subjected to acid etching, and etching points are generated on the plastic substrate by etching, so that the surface roughness of the plastic substrate is increased, and thus, when the metallized coating is plated on the plastic substrate, the contact area between the metallized coating and the surface of the plastic substrate can be increased, the bonding force between the metallized coating and the plastic substrate is further improved, and the market competitiveness of a product is improved; in addition, the device for coating the plastic base material by adopting the chemical vapor deposition method is simple, the cost is low, and the adhesive force of the coating on the plastic base material is good, so that the surface quality of the coated plastic base material is further improved.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides a method 30 for metallizing an engineering plastic surface, wherein the method 30 comprises the following steps:
step S301: and (3) placing the plastic substrate in an iron hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8.5 for continuously alkali washing for 30 seconds to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic substrate.
Specifically, 70% ferric hydroxide solution and water are mixed to prepare alkali liquor with the pH value of 8.5, the alkali liquor is heated to 50 ℃, and then the plastic base material is soaked in the ferric hydroxide solution, so that the plastic base material is favorably subjected to hydrolysis reaction in an alkaline environment, and then micromolecule substances with short molecular chains are generated, and grease on the plastic base material is removed.
Step S302: and respectively adopting nitric acid and deionized water to sequentially carry out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing to obtain the pretreated base material with the surface roughness of 4.
Specifically, a nitric acid solution with the concentration of 60% is uniformly sprayed on the plastic base material, the spraying density of the nitric acid solution is 14 drops/square centimeter, and the nitric acid solution is sprayed on the plastic base material, so that the nitric acid solution stays on the plastic base material for 240 seconds, corrosion of the nitric acid on the plastic base material is facilitated, corrosion points are generated, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is increased. After the plastic base material is subjected to acid etching operation, the plastic base material is placed under flowing deionized water flow for washing, so that acid liquor remained on the surface of the plastic base material is removed, the surface of the plastic base material is prevented from being further corroded by the acid liquor, the surface quality of the plastic base material and the reliability of the acid etching operation of the plastic base material are ensured, and the surface roughness of the plastic base material is further conveniently controlled.
Step S303: and drying the washed pretreated base material, and removing dust from the dried pretreated base material.
Specifically, the pretreated substrate after washing is placed in a dryer, and the pretreated substrate is continuously heated and dried in a hot air environment of 48 ℃ to remove residual moisture on the surface of the pretreated substrate. After the water drops on the surface of the pretreated substrate are completely removed, the pretreated substrate is heated for 1 minute to ensure complete drying of the pretreated substrate. After the pretreatment substrate is dried, the dried pretreatment substrate is introduced into a high-voltage electrostatic field, dust attached to the surface of the pretreatment substrate is combined with negative ions and then charged negatively, and the dust tends to the anode of the high-voltage electrostatic field and is discharged and precipitated on the surface of the anode, so that the aim of removing dust from the pretreatment substrate is fulfilled.
Step S304: and carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material.
Specifically, fatty acid diethanolamide is coated on the surface of the pretreated substrate, and the surface of the pretreated substrate is modified to reduce the attachment difficulty of a metalized coating on the pretreated substrate. The fatty acid diethanolamide is a nonionic surfactant and simultaneously has a hydrophilic group and a lipophilic group, the lipophilic group of the fatty acid diethanolamide is compatible with a pretreated base material, and the hydrophilic group of the fatty acid diethanolamide can migrate to the surface of the pretreated base material, so that the polarity of the surface of the pretreated base material is improved, the adhesion of the pretreated base material, namely the plastic base material and a metalized coating is improved, and the coating effect of the metalized coating on the surface of engineering plastic is improved.
Step S305: and plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface.
Specifically, a hydrogen gas with a flow rate of 220SCCM is used as a gas source to carry a tetramethyltitanium gas and a hydrogen chloride gas into a reaction chamber, so that the tetramethyltitanium and the hydrogen chloride gas react at 800 ℃ to generate titanium atoms, then a mixed gas containing the titanium atoms is introduced into a chamber where a primary modified base material is located, the mixed gas is cooled to 50 ℃, and under the condition, the titanium atoms are rapidly solidified and settled on the surface of the primary modified base material, so that an epitaxial layer of the metallic titanium is formed, and the metallization treatment of the engineering plastics is realized. In this embodiment, the primary modified substrate is preheated to 50 ℃ to accelerate the molecular motion of the surface of the primary modified substrate, so that when titanium atoms are deposited on the surface of the primary modified substrate, the titanium atoms can be embedded between the plastic particles on the surface of the primary modified substrate, thereby achieving the firm bonding between the plating layer and the substrate.
Step S306: and maintaining the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
In the method 30 for metallizing the surface of the engineering plastic, the plastic substrate is subjected to acid etching, and etching points are generated on the plastic substrate by etching, so that the surface roughness of the plastic substrate is increased, and thus, when the metallized coating is plated on the plastic substrate, the contact area between the metallized coating and the surface of the plastic substrate can be increased, the bonding force between the metallized coating and the plastic substrate is further improved, and the market competitiveness of a product is improved; in addition, the device for coating the plastic base material by adopting the chemical vapor deposition method is simple, the cost is low, and the adhesive force of the coating on the plastic base material is good, so that the surface quality of the coated plastic base material is further improved.
The invention respectively carries out detection and evaluation on the metalized coatings on the surfaces of the engineering plastics prepared by the methods of example 1, example 2 and example 3, and simultaneously takes the metalized coatings on the surfaces of the engineering plastics prepared by the traditional local electroplating process as a comparative example for detection and evaluation, thereby obtaining the following comparative table:
referring to fig. 4 and 5 in combination with the above table, the internal stress of the metalized layer on the engineering plastic surface prepared according to the methods of embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention is greatly reduced compared to the internal stress of the metalized layer on the engineering plastic surface prepared by the conventional local electroplating process, and the number of pits on the metalized layer surface is reduced, and the size of the pits is relatively reduced. In addition, the knock test is carried out on the metalized coatings of each embodiment and each comparative example in sequence, so that the bonding force between the metalized coating prepared by the method and the engineering plastic is improved compared with the bonding force between the metalized coating prepared by the traditional local electroplating process and the engineering plastic, the connection between the metalized coating and the engineering plastic is firmer, the effect of the metalized treatment operation of the engineering plastic is improved, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An engineering plastic surface metallization electroplating method comprises the following steps:
carrying out alkali washing on the plastic base material to remove oil stains on the surface of the plastic base material;
sequentially carrying out acid etching and water washing on the plastic base material subjected to alkali washing to obtain a pretreated base material with specified surface roughness;
drying the washed pretreated base material, and removing dust from the dried pretreated base material;
carrying out surface modification on the dedusted pretreated base material to obtain a primary modified base material;
plating a metallized coating on the surface of the primary modified base material after surface modification by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the engineering plastic with metallized surface;
and naturally cooling the engineering plastic with the metalized surface to room temperature to obtain the secondary modified engineering plastic.
2. The method for electroplating engineering plastic surface with metal according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline washing operation is performed with an alkaline solution having a pH value of 8 to 8.5.
3. The method for metallizing engineering plastic surface according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline solution is one of ammonia, aluminum hydroxide or ferric hydroxide.
4. The method for electroplating engineering plastic surface metallization according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline cleaning operation lasts for 30 to 45 seconds.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid etching process is performed by spraying an acid solution on the plastic substrate.
6. The engineering plastic surface metallization plating method according to claim 5, wherein the acid solution is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
7. The engineering plastic surface metallization plating method of claim 1, wherein the acid etched plastic substrate is washed in deionized water.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface roughness of the pre-treated substrate is between 4 and 10.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-treated substrate is electrostatically dedusted after drying.
10. The engineering plastic surface metallization plating method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface modifier adopted in the surface modification operation is fatty acid diethanolamide or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
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