CN110902169A - Explosion-proof arch-breaking device for storage bin - Google Patents
Explosion-proof arch-breaking device for storage bin Download PDFInfo
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- CN110902169A CN110902169A CN201911236077.8A CN201911236077A CN110902169A CN 110902169 A CN110902169 A CN 110902169A CN 201911236077 A CN201911236077 A CN 201911236077A CN 110902169 A CN110902169 A CN 110902169A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
- B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
- B65D88/70—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation using fluid jets
- B65D88/703—Air blowing devices, i.e. devices for the sudden introduction of compressed air into the container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
- B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-explosion arch breaking device for a material bin, and belongs to the technical field of material conveying equipment. The roller bed frame is hung on the lower part of a discharge port of the storage bin, the rollers are arranged on the side walls of the roller bed frame, and two sides of the flashboard are arranged on the rollers in a lapping way and are driven by the oil cylinder to move. Two to five layers of sleeved cylinder barrels form a telescopic compressed air tank which is arranged on the flashboard through a flange arranged at the bottom, a sealing piece is adopted between the flange and the flashboard for sealing, and a plunger of the sleeved cylinder barrel is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel and is sealed by a sealing ring. The upper portion of the cylinder wall of the middle cylinder barrel is provided with a limiting boss, the upper portion of the inner-layer cylinder barrel is provided with a cover plate, a blasting hole is formed in the cover plate, a blasting sheet is installed at a position corresponding to the blasting hole, a cylinder barrel retraction stretching device is installed on the flashboard inside the sleeving cylinder barrel, and a protective sleeve is installed between the cover plate and the flashboard. The invention can not only carry out mechanical arch breaking, but also carry out air wave impact arch breaking, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, good arch breaking effect, safe and reliable use and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dredging device for materials in a storage bin, in particular to an anti-explosion arch breaking device for the storage bin, and belongs to the technical field of material conveying equipment.
Background
In modern industrial production, various bins are used in large quantities to store materials. The feed bin is at the in-process of storage material, and the arch camber appears in the feed bin easily to the material, leads to the unable normal discharge of material in the feed bin. In order to solve the problem, the method adopted in the prior art is to adopt detonator explosive to extend into a storage bin from a discharge hole of the storage bin for blasting arch breaking, the method has the advantages of simplicity and feasibility, no need of complex equipment and process and high efficiency, but the method adopts the principle of explosive explosion to generate shock waves for arch breaking, and open fire is generated in the using process. With the improvement of safety requirements of modern industrial production, in some common storage bins for storing coal, chemical materials and the like which are easy to generate stored combustible gas, an explosion method is adopted for arch breaking, so that a very large potential safety hazard exists, open fire generated by explosive explosion can ignite the combustible gas stored in the storage bins to cause strong secondary explosion, and therefore, in industries such as coal, chemical industry and the like, arch breaking operation by the explosive explosion method is completely forbidden at present.
In order to solve the safety problem caused by blasting arch breaking by explosives, a plurality of new arch breaking devices have been developed at present, and the arch breaking devices adopt the principles of machinery, hydraulic pressure, hydraulic power, pneumatic power and the like to break the arch, wherein the most representative is an air cannon arch breaking device. The device adopts shock waves generated by compressed air to impact the arching materials in the storage bin, so that the arching balance force generated in the arching process of the materials is damaged, and the materials fall from the storage bin. The arch breaking device also has the advantages of simpler structure and more convenient use, but in the actual use process, because the air cannon is generally arranged on the wall of the storage bin, and because of the limit of the installation structure and the like, the compressed air jet orifice of the air cannon has smaller size and limited action range, and the impact force of the shock wave is also smaller, for large-size silos, the shock waves generated by the air cannons often cannot effectively reach the arching location, and in some cases, although they can reach, but because the distance is long, the existence of the materials in the material bin has obvious barrier effect on the transmission of shock waves, the attenuation of the shock waves in the material bin is very serious, the arch breaking impact force is too small, the effective arch breaking shock wave strength can not be generated at the arch camber position of the materials, therefore, the air cannon has poor actual use effect under most conditions and cannot play a normal arch breaking role. Therefore, a new arch breaking device is urgently needed to be developed and developed, and the problem that the existing arch breaking device is small in arch breaking range and arch breaking acting force generally can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-combustion explosion arch breaking device for a storage bin, which can effectively solve the problems of small arch breaking impact force and small arch breaking action range of arch breaking devices such as air cannons and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: an anti-explosion arch-breaking device for a silo comprises a roller bed frame, rollers, a flashboard, a sleeved cylinder barrel and an explosion piece, wherein the roller bed frame is hung at the lower part of a discharge port of the silo, the rollers are installed on the side wall of the roller bed frame, two sides of the flashboard are erected on the rollers and connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the rollers to move back and forth, two to five layers of sleeved cylinder barrels form a telescopic compressed air tank, the telescopic compressed air tank is installed on the flashboard through an outward-protruding flange arranged at the bottom of an outer-layer cylinder barrel, a sealing element is adopted between the flange and a joint surface of the flashboard for sealing, an outward-protruding plunger is arranged at the bottoms of a middle cylinder barrel and an inner-layer cylinder barrel of the sleeved cylinder barrel, the plunger is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the sleeved cylinder barrel, a sealing ring is adopted on the joint surface of, the anti-explosion cylinder is characterized in that a vent groove is formed in the limiting boss, the upper portion of the inner layer cylinder barrel of the sleeve cylinder barrel is a cover plate, a blast hole is formed in the cover plate, a blast piece is installed at a position corresponding to the blast hole, a cylinder barrel retraction stretching device is installed on the flashboard inside the sleeve cylinder barrel, and a protective sleeve which is wrapped on the outer wall of the sleeve cylinder barrel and can stretch freely is installed between the upper cover plate and the flashboard.
The cylinder retraction stretching device comprises a bidirectional hydraulic motor, a winding drum, a support frame and a steel wire pull rope, wherein the upper end of the steel wire pull rope is fixed on the inner layer cylinder cover plate, the lower end of the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, and the bidirectional hydraulic motor is connected with the winding drum through a coupler.
And a closed isolation chamber is arranged below the cover plate at the upper part of the inner cylinder barrel, an air bag made of flexible materials is placed in the closed isolation chamber, and the air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a flexible compressed air pipe.
The burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, an annular V-shaped groove is formed in the corresponding position of the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, the burst piece is tightly pressed on the cover plate through a compression ring and a compression ring bolt, and a sealing ring is arranged between the burst piece and the upper surface of the cover plate.
The burst sheet is made of flexible high polymer materials, a reinforcing fiber woven net is vulcanized in the flexible high polymer materials, a cross-shaped annular U-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the burst sheet, and the burst sheet is pressed on the cover plate through a pressing ring and a pressing ring bolt.
And an air vent is arranged on the flashboard between the protective sleeve and the outer edge of the flange.
And a discharge hole is formed in the gate plate outside the protective sleeve.
The control system of the bidirectional hydraulic motor comprises a hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic oil pump and an oil tank, and one control position of the hydraulic reversing valve ensures that two oil inlets and two oil outlets of the bidirectional hydraulic motor are freely communicated with the oil tank.
The ultimate size of each direction and position of the air bag after the air bag is inflated under the inflation pressure of 0.05Mpa and is freely expanded is larger than the size of the closed isolation chamber and is not more than 5 percent of the size of each corresponding direction and position of the closed isolation chamber.
The roller bed frame is hoisted at the lower part of the discharge port of the storage bin, the side plate of the roller bed frame is provided with a roller, the flashboard is arranged on the roller, and the roller can move back and forth under the driving of the hydraulic oil cylinder connected with the flashboard. The gate plate is provided with a telescopic compressed air tank consisting of a sleeved cylinder barrel, and the original positions of the gate plate and the telescopic compressed air tank are positioned outside a discharge port of the storage bin when the gate plate and the telescopic compressed air tank normally feed, so that the normal feeding operation of the storage bin is not influenced. When the arch camber appears in the material in the feed bin, send into feed bin discharge gate below with flexible compressed air jar through hydraulic cylinder drive flashboard and carry out the broken operation of encircleing, because the produced shock wave feed bin discharge gate position direct impact feed bin discharge gate top of compressed air injection in the flexible compressed air jar of this moment forms the material that arches, compare with the air cannon of installing on the bulkhead, the material position that the arch camber is propagated more easily to the air shock wave, destroy the balanced arch power that leads to the material arch camber more easily, the broken effect of encircleing is showing and is improving. After the arch breaking operation is completed, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the gate plate and the compressed air tank to retreat to the original position outside the discharge port of the storage bin, so that the normally-performed feeding operation is not influenced, and the arch breaking device has the advantage of convenience in use.
In general, the energy of the shock wave generated by the compressed air jet is proportional to the volume of the compressed air generating the shock wave, i.e., the greater the volume, the greater the intensity and duration of the shock wave generated, and therefore the greater the volume of the compressed air tank required to generate the shock wave, the better. In order to guarantee the effective volume of the bin, the effective height of the bin is generally increased as much as possible, so that the height of the lower part of the discharge port of the bin is reduced as much as possible under the condition of the same height of the bin, and the requirement that the lower part of the discharge port of the bin has a space capable of mounting a feeder and a conveying device is met. For a specific bunker, the length and the width of a discharge port of the bunker are fixed, so that the volume of a compressed air tank is increased in order to enhance the strength of a shock wave, the effective means for increasing the volume of the compressed air tank only increases the height of the compressed air tank, but if the height occupied by the compressed air tank and a shutter is too large, the feeder and conveying equipment cannot be installed in enough installation space under the bunker, and the situation of insufficient space height is more obvious when technical transformation is carried out under some existing coal bunkers. In order to solve the contradiction, the compressed air tank is designed into a sleeving structure consisting of two to five layers of cylinder barrels, and under the condition that the cylinder barrels are sleeved, the initial height of the telescopic compressed air tank formed by the cylinder barrels is greatly reduced, so that the requirement on the height of the installation space of the arch breaking device can be better met. When the arch camber problem appears in the feed bin, send into feed bin discharge gate below with the flexible compressed air jar that flashboard and suit cylinder constitute by the hydraulic cylinder drive earlier, then let in compressed air in the inside of suit cylinder, make the suit cylinder rise in proper order, enter into in the feed bin. On the one hand, the air storage volume of the air compression tank is greatly increased, the impact energy of the generated air shock waves is effectively enhanced, and the arch camber breaking efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the sleeved cylinder barrel extends into the bin through the bin discharge port, so that the position of the blasting hole for generating shock waves on the compressed air tank, which is arched away from the material, is closer, and the arch breaking effect of the shock waves generated after the explosion piece arranged on the blasting hole is broken is stronger. In addition, in special cases, if the raised sleeved cylinder barrel can directly act on the arched material, the mechanical arch breaking effect is directly generated, the telescopic compressed air tank is equivalent to a sleeved air cylinder, the upward jacking force generated by the sleeved air cylinder is very large, and therefore the mechanical arch breaking effect is very obvious. Therefore, the nested cylinder barrel structure has the advantages of saving installation space, being capable of effectively breaking arches and remarkably improving arch breaking effects and the like.
The strength of the compressed air shock wave generated by the compressed air tank has a very important relation with the opening speed of the shock valve, the upper cover plate of the cylinder barrel on the inner layer of the sleeved cylinder barrel is provided with a blasting hole, the corresponding position of the blasting hole is provided with a bursting sheet, when the pressure in the compressed air tank reaches the design value, the bursting sheet is broken instantly, the strength of the compressed air shock wave can be greatly improved, the arch breaking effect is improved, and compared with the mechanical quick-opening valve, the mechanical quick-opening valve has the advantages of sensitive action, high opening speed and strong impact force.
The burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, and the annular V-shaped groove is formed in the corresponding position on the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, so that the strength of the burst piece is lowest and the stress concentration is strongest at the position of the corresponding V-shaped groove, and after the pressure in the sleeved cylinder barrel reaches a rated value, the burst piece can be integrally and instantly broken at the set position of the annular groove by the structure, so that the strength generated by shock waves is ensured in speed, the size of a compressed air jet orifice is increased, and the strength of the compressed air shock waves is further increased from the structural size. A sealing ring is arranged between the bursting sheet and the upper cover plate, so that the sealing performance of the compressed air tank before the bursting sheet is cracked can be effectively ensured.
The burst sheet is made of flexible high polymer materials, and the flexible high polymer materials can be used for sealing before the burst sheet is burst, so that the explosion-proof device has the obvious advantage. Because the strength of the flexible polymer material is generally low, the reinforcing fiber mesh is vulcanized in the flexible polymer material to improve the strength of the flexible polymer material. As the bursting sheet is bulged and the cross-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the bursting sheet in the process of inflating the compressed air tank, the bursting sheet can be guaranteed to be firstly cracked along the center when the compressed air pressure reaches the designed rated value and is cracked in a scattered mode along the grooves, and the balanced arch breaking effect basically based on the center of the sleeved cylinder barrel is guaranteed to be generated.
When the burst piece is broken, the compressed air rapidly escapes to generate strong shock waves and the arch breaking operation is completed, the compressed air in the telescopic compressed air tank is released, the internal pressure of the compressed air tank is basically zero, namely no pressure exists, and the self weight of the cylinder barrel forming the telescopic compressed air tank and the gravity of the material on the upper portion of the cylinder barrel can drive the sleeved cylinder barrel to retract. Under the condition that the cylinder barrel is completely retracted, the whole arch breaking device can be driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder to move out of the lower part of the discharge port of the storage bin along the roller way and return to the original position to prepare for next arch breaking operation. However, if the nested cylinder barrels cannot fall down automatically due to the problems of jamming, blocking and the like in the process, the retraction stretching device arranged in the nested cylinder barrels can be adopted to forcibly pull the cylinder barrels of all layers back to the original nested position, and the structure increases the retraction reliability of the nested cylinder barrels.
The retraction stretching device comprises a bidirectional hydraulic motor, a winding drum, a support frame and a steel wire pull rope, the upper end of the steel wire pull rope is fixed on an upper cover plate of the inner-layer cylinder drum, the lower end of the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, the bidirectional hydraulic motor is connected with the winding drum through a coupler, the hydraulic motor rotates under the driving of hydraulic oil to drive the winding drum to rotate, the steel wire pull rope is pulled downwards, and the sleeved cylinder drum is retracted smoothly. The hydraulic motor is arranged inside the sleeved cylinder barrel, so that the installation of the retraction stretching device and the full play of the retraction effect are facilitated, the hydraulic system is adopted for driving, the driving is stable, the adjustment range of the pull-down force of the cylinder barrel is large, and the force adjustment is convenient. The oil pipe passes through the gate plate to the outside of the cylinder barrel, and sealing is easy to carry out at the connection part with the gate plate.
On the hydraulic control circuit of two-way hydraulic motor, set up the switching-over valve, free UNICOM between two oil pipe interfaces of two-way hydraulic motor and between the oil tank is guaranteed to a control position of switching-over valve, be in when this position after the switching-over valve case switching-over like this, the suit cylinder rises under the effect of internal compressed air in-process, the steel wire stay cord of connecting on the apron rises together, under the pulling of the steel wire stay cord of rising, the rotation of hydraulic motor freedom, loosen the steel wire stay cord of winding on the reel, the stretching device that contracts like this does not produce the hindrance effect to the rising of cylinder, make the smooth rising of cylinder ability under compressed air's effect. When the sleeving cylinder barrel needs to be pulled down, the reversing valve reverses to enable the winding drum to rotate, the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, and sufficient pull-down force is generated to pull the sleeving cylinder barrel down to the initial position.
In the arch breaking operation process, materials in the storage bin can be stacked and adhered to the cylinder wall of the sleeved cylinder barrel to influence the sealing performance and the telescopic performance of the sleeved cylinder barrel, therefore, a protective sleeve capable of freely stretching and retracting is arranged between the upper cover plate and the gate plate, the materials in the storage bin can be effectively isolated from the cylinder barrel wall to be in direct contact with the cylinder barrel wall, and the sealing performance between all layers of sleeved cylinder barrels under the free stretching and long-term working conditions of the sleeved cylinder barrel is guaranteed.
Because the burst piece is installed on the position corresponding to the burst hole of the cover plate on the upper portion of the inner-layer cylinder barrel of the sleeve cylinder barrel, the upper portion of the sleeve cylinder barrel is completely in an open state after the burst piece bursts, and materials in the bin falling from the arch camber position of the bin directly enter the sleeve cylinder barrel through the burst hole, so that the sleeve cylinder barrel is damaged, and the sleeve cylinder barrel cannot normally work. In order to solve the problem, a closed isolation chamber is arranged below a cover plate at the upper part of the inner layer cylinder barrel, an air bag made of flexible materials is placed in the closed isolation chamber, and the inflated external dimension of the air bag is basically equivalent to the internal space of the closed isolation chamber. The air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a flexible compressed air pipe, and the air bag is not inflated and has no pressure in the original state, and can be folded at will at a certain position close to the wall of the cylinder in the closed isolation chamber. When the compressed air is filled in the telescopic compressed air tank and reaches a set value, the air bag is filled with compressed air which is lower than the compressed air pressure in the telescopic compressed air tank, and at the moment, the air bag does not expand because the pressure in the air bag is lower than the external air pressure. However, when the burst piece is broken, the pressure in the sleeved cylinder barrel is quickly reduced, and when the pressure is reduced to be lower than the pressure in the air bag, the air bag is expanded to fill the whole closed isolation chamber instantly, so that the burst hole and the inside of the sleeved cylinder barrel are completely isolated, and the effect of protecting the sleeved cylinder barrel is achieved.
The sealing rings, the sealing gaskets, the sealing parts and the like are arranged at all parts of the sleeved cylinder barrel, and are mainly used for sealing all parts of the telescopic compressed air tank formed by the sleeved cylinder barrel in the working process, so that the sealing performance of the telescopic compressed air tank is ensured, the telescopic compressed air tank can reach the set pressure, the effective gas explosion impact effect is achieved, and the normal realization of the corresponding function is ensured.
Set up spacing boss on each layer cylinder section of thick bamboo wall upper portion, the lower part sets up outside convex piston to set up the sealing washer on the piston, can guarantee the steady and the leakproofness that the suit cylinder goes up and down, can restrict the position that each layer cylinder upwards rises simultaneously, prevent that the inlayer cylinder from deviating from outer cylinder, guarantee the normal work of suit cylinder.
In the telescopic process of the sleeved cylinder barrel, the problem of unsmooth exhaust between the inner interlayers of the sleeved cylinder barrels can occur, and the smooth lifting of the cylinder barrels can be influenced. Therefore, the limiting boss is provided with the vent groove, so that air in the interlayer can smoothly enter and exit according to needs, and the smooth lifting of the sleeved cylinder barrel is ensured.
In the arch breaking operation process, materials falling from the arch-forming position can be accumulated on the gate plate to influence the retraction and falling of the sleeved cylinder, and therefore the discharge hole is formed in the gate plate, the materials falling from the upper portion of the storage bin can be discharged to the lower portion of the feeding machine from the discharge hole and are sent out by the feeding machine, accumulation of the materials on the gate plate is eliminated, and free expansion of the sleeved cylinder and free movement of the gate plate on a roller way after the arch breaking operation of the materials are finished are guaranteed.
The air vent is arranged on the flashboard between the protective sleeve and the outer edge of the flange, so that air between the protective sleeve and the telescopic compressed air tank can be smoothly discharged and enter in the telescopic process of the telescopic compressed air tank, and the telescopic compressed air tank can smoothly extend and retract.
The limit sizes of all directions and positions of the air bag after the air bag is inflated and expanded under the inflation pressure of 0.05Mpa are larger than the size of the closed isolation chamber and do not exceed 5% of the size of each corresponding direction and position of the closed isolation chamber, so that the sealing effect of the air bag on the position of the blast hole can be ensured, the overall size of the air bag is limited within a reasonable range, and the related manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5 are schematic structural diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a sectional view taken from a position B-B in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a sectional view taken from a position a-a in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a position B in fig. 1, fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of another structure taken from a position B in fig. 1, and fig. 5 is a schematic hydraulic control diagram of a bidirectional hydraulic motor in fig. 1.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In the attached fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the present invention, the meaning of the serial numbers of the respective parts is as follows: 1. a roller; 2. a roller bed frame; 3. a roller bed hanging frame; 4. a flexible telescopic protective sleeve; 5. hanging bolts; 6. a storage bin; 7. material preparation; 8. pressing a plate; 9. brittle rupture disc; 10. a V-shaped groove; 11. a platen bolt; 12. an air bag; 13. an air hose; 14. a steel wire rope; 15. an inner layer cylinder barrel; 16. a middle cylinder barrel I; 17. a middle cylinder barrel II; 18. an outer cylinder barrel; 19. a seal ring; 20. a bi-directional hydraulic motor; 21. a support; 22. a coupling; 23. a reel; 24. a vent hole; 25. a compressed air pipe; 26. a shutter plate; 27. an air bag pneumatic line; 28. a connecting bolt; 29. a connecting nut; 30. a hydraulic oil pipe; 31. sealing the soft cushion; 32. fixing the bolt; 33. fixing a nut; 34. a vent channel; 35. a hydraulic cylinder; 36. a flexible burst sheet; 37. a reinforcing fiber; 38. a pressure relay; 39. a seal member; 40. a plunger; 41. a limiting boss; 42. a cover plate; 43. sealing the isolation chamber; 44. a blast hole; 45. a feeder; 46. a discharge opening; 47. an observation window; 48. a hydraulic directional control valve; 49. a hydraulic oil pump; 50. an oil tank; 51. a flange; 52. a U-shaped groove.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, a roller way hanging frame 3 is hung at the lower part of a discharge port of a storage bin 6 through a hanging bolt 5, an observation window 47 is installed on the side surface of the roller way hanging frame, a roller way frame 2 is hung at the lower part of the roller way hanging frame, rollers 1 are installed on the side wall of the roller way frame, two sides of a flashboard 26 are installed on the rollers and driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder 35 to move back and forth along the rollers, a compressed air tank composed of four layers of sleeved cylinders including an outer layer cylinder 18, a middle cylinder I16, a middle cylinder II 17, an inner layer cylinder 15 and the like is installed on the flashboard, an outward convex flange 51 is arranged at the bottom of the outer layer cylinder, the whole sleeved cylinder is installed on the flashboard through the flange by adopting a fixing bolt 32 and a fixing nut 33, a sealing element 39 is adopted between the combining surfaces of the flange and the flashboard for sealing, and outward, for the clearance fit of clearance volume at 0.05 ~ 0.1 millimeter between the inner wall of the cylinder of plunger and suit, adopt sealing washer 19 to seal on the faying face, the section of thick bamboo wall upper portion of the outer cylinder of suit cylinder, middle cylinder I, middle cylinder II is provided with spacing boss 41, and spacing boss department is provided with air duct 34, makes the air in the intermediate layer between the sleeve business turn over smoothly as required, guarantees going up and down smoothly of suit cylinder. The upper part of the inner cylinder is provided with a cover plate 43, the flashboard at the lower part of the inner cylinder is connected with a compressed air pipe 25, and the inner cylinder is provided with a pressure relay 38. A feeder 45 is arranged at the lower part of the roller bed frame.
A blasting hole 44 is formed in the middle of the cover plate, a circular brittle rupture disc 9 made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene plastic is tightly pressed at the corresponding position of the blasting hole of the cover plate through an annular pressing plate 8 and a pressing plate bolt 11, an annular V-shaped groove 10 is formed in the corresponding position of the upper surface and the lower surface of the brittle rupture disc, a sealing cushion 31 is arranged between the rupture disc and the upper surface of the cover plate, and the burst pressure of the rupture disc is guaranteed to be 0.5-0.7 Mpa due to the strength of the rupture disc material and the size of the groove on the rupture disc material.
The cylinder retraction stretching device is installed on the gate plate inside the sleeved cylinder and consists of a bidirectional hydraulic motor 20, a winding drum 23, a support 21, a steel wire pull rope 14, a coupler 22 and the like, the upper end of the steel wire pull rope is fixed on a cover plate on the upper portion of the inner-layer cylinder, and the steel wire pull rope at the upper end is fixedly connected in a forked mode due to the fact that a blasting hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate. The lower end of the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, the winding drum is connected with the bidirectional hydraulic motor through the coupler, and the bidirectional hydraulic motor and the winding drum are installed on the flashboard through the support. The two-way hydraulic motor controls and drives the two-way hydraulic motor to move through a hydraulic reversing valve 48 and a hydraulic oil pump 49, and a hydraulic oil pipe 30 of the two-way hydraulic motor is led out through the flashboard and sealed at the joint of the flashboard.
A closed isolation chamber 43 is arranged below a cover plate on the upper part of the inner layer of the sleeved cylinder barrel, an air bag 12 which is made by compounding and vulcanizing fabric fibers and flexible polyurethane rubber is arranged in the closed isolation chamber, an air hose 13 is connected to the air bag and is connected with a compressed air power source through an air bag pneumatic pipeline 27, and a pressure relay is arranged on a pipeline system. The ultimate dimensions of the balloon in each direction and position after inflation free expansion at an inflation pressure of 0.05Mpa are equal to 102% of the corresponding dimensions of the closed cells in each direction and position. Therefore, when the inflation pressure of the air bag exceeds 0.05Mpa, the air bag can be ensured to fully fill the space of the closed isolation chamber, and the corresponding closed effect is ensured.
A flexible telescopic protective sleeve 4 which is wrapped on the sleeved cylinder barrel and can be freely stretched is arranged between the cover plate at the upper part and the flashboard at the lower part.
The pneumatic pipeline and the hydraulic pipeline led out from the sleeved cylinder barrel are both installed and fixed on the lower surface of the flashboard, and are connected with a related control and power source through hoses after the flashboard is led out.
In normal feeding state, the compressed air tank formed by the shutter and the sleeved cylinder barrel is positioned outside the discharge port of the storage bin 6, and the air bag is not filled with compressed air, namely, is not pressurized, so that the air bag can be folded at the edge position of the closed isolation chamber. At this time, the feeding operation of the material 7 is performed by starting and stopping the feeder.
When the materials in the bin are arched as shown in figure 1, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the flashboard, the telescopic compressed air tank and the like to enter the discharge port of the bin along the roller way formed by the rollers, and at the moment, the hoses on the pipelines ensure the free movement of the flashboard and the normal connection of the hydraulic pneumatic components and the like. Compressed air is filled into the sleeved cylinder barrel of the telescopic compressed air tank through the compressed air pipeline, and the sleeved cylinder barrels are sequentially lifted upwards under the driving of the compressed air until the sleeved cylinder barrels are lifted to the respective limit positions and then stop. In the process, the flexible telescopic protective sleeve extends under the pulling of the cover plate, so that the whole sleeved cylinder is isolated from the outside, and the materials are prevented from being accumulated on the cylinder wall of the sleeved cylinder after arch breaking, so that the sleeved cylinder is prevented from being polluted and damaged.
In the process that the sleeving cylinder barrel rises, the steel wire pull rope connected to the cover plate drives the winding drum to rotate under the action of the rising tension of the cylinder barrel, and the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the hydraulic reversing valve connected with the bidirectional hydraulic motor are in communicated positions, so that the bidirectional hydraulic motor does not cause large resistance to the rotation of the winding drum, and the steel wire pull rope can be guaranteed to freely rise along with the cover plate.
In the process that the sleeved cylinder barrel rises to the limit position, if the sleeved cylinder barrel acts on the arched material, mechanical arch breaking can be directly carried out, if the arch breaking position is not reached, or the arch breaking of the material is not broken, compressed air is continuously filled into the sleeved cylinder barrel, at the moment, the pressure of the compressed air in the sleeved cylinder barrel is gradually increased, when the explosion pressure of an explosion piece reaches 0.5-0.7 Mpa, the explosion piece bursts, high-pressure compressed air in the sleeved cylinder barrel is instantly expanded and sprayed out from the high-pressure compressed air, a strong airflow impact effect is generated on the arched material above the high-pressure compressed air, and the arch breaking in the storage bin is broken.
In the process of filling compressed air into the sleeved cylinder, when the pressure reaches 0.2Mpa, the pressure relay gives a signal, compressed air is filled into an air bag which is made by compounding and vulcanizing fabric fibers and flexible polyurethane rubber through the ventilating hose, the control valve is closed after the inflation pressure reaches 0.05Mpa, air is cut off, and the air bag does not expand and maintains the original folded state because the pressure in the air bag is lower than the pressure in the sleeved cylinder. And continuously charging high-pressure compressed air into the sleeved cylinder barrel of the telescopic compressed air tank, when the rupture pressure of the rupture disk is reached, the rupture disk bursts, the pressure in the sleeved cylinder barrel is quickly reduced, when the pressure is lower than 0.15Mpa, a pressure relay gives a signal, the compressed air pipe is cut off and is communicated with the atmosphere, the sleeved cylinder barrel simultaneously exhausts outwards from the compressed air pipe at the lower part of the rupture hole, simultaneously, the control valve of the air bag is opened, the air bag continuously charges air, and after the pressure reaches 0.1Mpa, the valve is closed again. At the moment, the pressure of the compressed air in the air bag is higher than that in the sleeved cylinder barrel, so that the air bag expands to fill the closed isolating chamber to close the blast hole. At this in-process, owing to the reason that compressed air upwards discharged at the beginning, the material of arching the position whereabouts can't enter into the blast hole from the feed bin, thereby the later stage gasbag will seal the isolation chamber and be full of completely and seal the blast hole under the circumstances that the last row of pressure reduces, can guarantee like this that the material can't get into inside the suit cylinder, prevent to cause unnecessary harm after the material gets into the back to the pollution of suit cylinder structure. The pressure for pre-inflating the air bag is controlled to be 0.05Mpa, and when the isolation chamber needs to be closed, the time for closing the isolation chamber when the air bag is inflated and expanded can be shortened. Because the flexibility of the air bag is contradictory to the highest bearable pressure, the highest inflation pressure of the air bag is controlled to be 0.1 MPa.
And after the arch breaking operation is finished, the gas in the sleeved cylinder barrel is continuously discharged through the compressed air pipe until the pressure is zero. In the process, the material in the bin falls down and is pressed on the cover plate, and at the moment, the material automatically retracts and falls down under the action of the pressure of the material and the dead weight of the cylinder barrel. The flexible telescopic protective sleeve also falls down in a folding mode along with the falling of the cover plate, and materials falling after arch breaking are isolated from the outer wall of the cylinder barrel. Observing the falling condition of the roller bed frame through an observation window arranged on the side face of the roller bed frame, if the cover plate completely falls to the initial position, starting a hydraulic oil cylinder connected with the gate plate, enabling the gate plate and the sleeved cylinder barrel to retreat to the initial position, cleaning the periphery of the gate plate of the upper cover plate, completely releasing the compressed air in the air bag, refolding the air bag at the original folding position, dismantling the original residual burst sheet, replacing the new burst sheet, and starting the next arch breaking period.
After the arch is broken, the blocking problem can possibly occur in the sleeving cylinder barrel and the sleeving cylinder barrel cannot fall smoothly, if the condition is found through the observation window, manual operation enables the hydraulic reversing valve for controlling the action of the bidirectional hydraulic motor to reverse, under the action of hydraulic oil pressure provided by the oil pump, the bidirectional hydraulic motor rotates, the winding drum is driven by the coupler to rotate, the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, the cover plate is pulled downwards, the sleeving cylinder barrel falls and retracts, the falling condition of the sleeving cylinder barrel is observed through the observation window, when the lowest position is fallen, the reversing valve is reversed, the bidirectional hydraulic motor stops rotating, and the sleeving cylinder barrel can be ensured to fall smoothly through the measure. In order to prevent the damage of the related mechanism caused by the overlarge rotary force of the bidirectional hydraulic motor, the maximum oil inlet pressure of the bidirectional hydraulic motor is set to be not more than 10Mpa, and the rotary falling mechanism can also work normally under the condition of the maximum oil inlet pressure of a hydraulic system.
Offer the relief hole around the lag at the flashboard, on the batcher of discharge lower part can be followed to the material that falls from the feed bin upper portion like this, sent out by the batcher, eliminated the material and piled up on the flashboard, after broken arch operation is accomplished, guaranteed the free flexible and flashboard of suit cylinder and freely move on the roll table.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the flexible burst sheet is made of an elastic rubber material, reinforcing fibers made of carbon fiber are vulcanized in the elastic rubber, a cross-shaped annular U-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the flexible burst sheet, and the flexible burst sheet is pressed on the cover plate by a pressing plate and a pressing plate bolt. The elastic rubber vulcanized with the reinforced fibers is used as the material of the flexible bursting sheet, and the U-shaped groove insensitive to stress concentration is formed in the elastic rubber, so that the elastic rubber can ensure certain bursting strength, and the flexible bursting sheet can burst instantaneously along the U-shaped groove when the bursting pressure is reached to generate effective impact force.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a silo explosion-proof arch breaking device, contains roll table frame, running roller, flashboard, suit cylinder and bursting sheet, its characterized in that: the roller bed is hoisted on the lower part of a discharge port of the storage bin, the rollers are arranged on the side wall of the roller bed, two sides of the flashboard are erected on the rollers and connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the rollers to move back and forth, two to five layers of sleeved cylinders form a telescopic compressed air tank, the telescopic compressed air tank is arranged on the flashboard through an outwardly convex flange arranged at the bottom of an outer-layer cylinder, a sealing part is adopted between the flange and the junction surface of the flashboard for sealing, outwardly convex plungers are arranged at the bottom of a middle cylinder and the bottom of an inner-layer cylinder of the sleeved cylinders, the plungers are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the sleeved cylinders, a sealing ring is adopted on the junction surface of the flanges and the flashboard for sealing, a limiting boss is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder wall of the middle cylinder of the sleeved cylinders, a, the cover plate is provided with a blasting hole, a blasting sheet is arranged at a position corresponding to the blasting hole, a cylinder retraction stretching device is arranged on a flashboard inside the sleeved cylinder, and a freely telescopic protective sleeve covering the outer wall of the sleeved cylinder is arranged between the upper cover plate and the flashboard.
2. The explosion-proof arch breaking device for the storage bin of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder retraction stretching device comprises a bidirectional hydraulic motor, a winding drum, a support frame and a steel wire pull rope, wherein the upper end of the steel wire pull rope is fixed on the inner layer cylinder cover plate, the lower end of the steel wire pull rope is wound on the winding drum, and the bidirectional hydraulic motor is connected with the winding drum through a coupler.
3. The explosion arch device of feed bin fire prevention of claim 2, characterized in that: and a closed isolation chamber is arranged below the cover plate at the upper part of the inner cylinder barrel, an air bag made of flexible materials is placed in the closed isolation chamber, and the air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a flexible compressed air pipe.
4. The bunker flame-proof blasting arch device of claim 3, wherein: the burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, an annular V-shaped groove is formed in the corresponding position of the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, the burst piece is tightly pressed on the cover plate through a compression ring and a compression ring bolt, and a sealing ring is arranged between the burst piece and the upper surface of the cover plate.
5. The bunker flame-proof blasting arch device of claim 3, wherein: the burst sheet is made of flexible high polymer materials, a reinforcing fiber woven net is vulcanized in the flexible high polymer materials, a cross-shaped annular U-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the burst sheet, and the burst sheet is pressed on the cover plate through a pressing ring and a pressing ring bolt.
6. The explosion-proof arch-breaking device for the storage bin as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein: and an air vent is arranged on the flashboard between the protective sleeve and the outer edge of the flange.
7. The explosion-proof arch-breaking device for the storage bin as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein: and a discharge hole is formed in the gate plate outside the protective sleeve.
8. The explosion arch device of feed bin fire prevention of claim 2, characterized in that: the control system of the bidirectional hydraulic motor comprises a hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic oil pump and an oil tank, and one control position of the hydraulic reversing valve ensures that two oil inlets and two oil outlets of the bidirectional hydraulic motor are freely communicated with the oil tank.
9. The bunker flame-proof blasting arch device of claim 3, wherein: the ultimate size of each direction and position of the air bag after the air bag is inflated under the inflation pressure of 0.05Mpa and is freely expanded is larger than the size of the closed isolation chamber and is not more than 5 percent of the size of each corresponding direction and position of the closed isolation chamber.
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| CN201911236077.8A CN110902169B (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Explosion-proof arch-breaking device for storage bin |
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| CN201911236077.8A CN110902169B (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | Explosion-proof arch-breaking device for storage bin |
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| CN110902169B CN110902169B (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113895996A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-07 | 上海迪萨机电有限公司 | Sealed discharge apparatus with telescopic discharge opening |
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| EP1721829B1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2008-07-30 | Ilc Dover, Inc. | Method for the contained transfer of particulates |
| CN106592308A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 新疆弘瑞达纤维有限公司 | Gas explosion processor |
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