CN210972401U - Pneumatic blasting arch breaking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a broken device that encircles of pneumatic blasting belongs to material transport and equips technical field. This pneumatic blasting arch breaking device contains the roll table frame, the running roller, compressed air jar and rupture disc, wherein the roll table frame hoist and mount in feed bin discharge gate lower part, the running roller dress is on the roll table frame lateral wall, the flashboard both sides are taken on the running roller, and by hydraulic cylinder drive along running roller round trip movement, the outside convex flange mounting that the compressed air jar set up through the bottom is on the flashboard, adopt the sealing member sealed between the faying face of flange and flashboard, compressed air jar upper portion is the apron, the blast hole has been seted up on the apron, the rupture disc is installed to the position that corresponds at the blast hole. The arch breaking device adopts compressed air blasting to impact arch materials in the storage bin from bottom to top at the discharge port of the storage bin, and has the advantages of good arch breaking effect, low use cost and the like.

Description

Pneumatic blasting arch breaking device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a material pull throughs in feed bin especially relates to a broken device that encircles of pneumatic blasting belongs to material transport and equips technical field.

Background

In the industries of chemical industry, coal and the like, a storage bin is often adopted to store coal and combustible chemical raw materials, and the materials are easy to arch in the storage bin in the storage process, so that the materials in the storage bin can not be normally sent out. In order to solve the problem, the method adopted in the prior art adopts a method that detonator explosive extends into a storage bin from a storage bin port to perform blasting arch breaking, the method has the advantages of simplicity and feasibility, no need of complex equipment and process, and high efficiency, but the method adopts the principle that the explosive is exploded to generate shock waves to perform arch breaking, and open fire is generated in the using process. With the improvement of safety requirements of modern industrial production, in some common storage bins for storing coal, chemical materials and the like which are easy to generate stored combustible gas, an explosion method is adopted for arch breaking, so that a very large potential safety hazard exists, open fire generated by explosive explosion can ignite the combustible gas stored in the storage bins to cause strong secondary explosion, and therefore, in industries such as coal, chemical industry and the like, arch breaking operation by the explosive explosion method is completely forbidden at present.

In order to solve the safety problem caused by blasting arch breaking by explosives, a plurality of new arch breaking devices have been developed at present, and the arch breaking devices adopt the principles of machinery, hydraulic pressure, hydraulic power, pneumatic power and the like to break the arch, wherein the most representative is an air cannon arch breaking device. This kind of device adopts the shock wave that compressed air produced to strike the material in the feed bin, destroy the arching balancing force that the material arching in-process produced, make the material fall from the feed bin, this kind of device that arches also has the structure comparatively simple, it is comparatively convenient advantage to use, but in the in-service use process, because the air cannon is generally installed on the bulkhead of feed bin, the range of action is limited, the impact force of shock wave is also less, the result of use is relatively poor under most of the circumstances, can't play normal broken arch effect. Therefore, a new arch breaking device is urgently needed to be developed and developed, and the problems of the arch breaking device can be effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing such a device is encircleed in pneumatic blasting, it can effectually solve the broken scope of action that encircles that the device exists such as aforementioned air cannon and the problem that the broken impact force is little of encircleing.

The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: the utility model provides a pneumatic blasting arch breaking device, contains roll table frame, running roller, flashboard, compressed air jar and rupture disk, roll table frame hoist and mount in feed bin discharge gate lower part, the running roller is installed on the roll table frame lateral wall, the flashboard both sides are taken the dress on the running roller to by hydraulic cylinder drive along running roller round trip movement, the compressed air jar is installed through the outside convex flange that the bottom set up on the flashboard, the flange with adopt the sealing member sealed between the faying face of flashboard, compressed air jar upper portion is the apron, the blast hole has been seted up on the apron the corresponding position in blast hole installs the rupture disk.

A compartment is arranged below the compressed air tank cover plate, an air bag made of flexible materials is arranged in the compartment, and the air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a compressed air pipe.

The burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, annular V-shaped grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, the burst piece is tightly pressed on a cover plate of the compressed air tank through a pressing ring and a bolt, and a sealing ring is arranged between the burst piece and the cover plate.

The burst sheet is made of a flexible high polymer material, a high-strength fiber woven net is vulcanized in the flexible high polymer material, a cross-shaped annular V-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the burst sheet, and the burst sheet is tightly pressed on the cover plate through a pressing ring and a bolt.

The gate plate is provided with a discharge hole.

The roller bed frame is hoisted at the lower part of the discharge port of the storage bin, the side plate of the roller bed frame is provided with a roller, the flashboard is placed and arranged on the roller, and the roller is driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder to move back and forth along the roller. The compressed air tank is installed on the flashboard, the upper portion of the compressed air tank is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is provided with a blasting hole, and a blasting sheet is installed at the corresponding position of the blasting hole. In the normal feeding operation process, the original position of the flashboard is positioned outside the discharge hole of the storage bin, and the normal feeding operation of the storage bin is not influenced. When the arch camber occurs in the storage bin, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the flashboard to send the compressed air tank to the lower part of the storage bin opening, and compressed air is sent into the compressed air tank, when the pressure of the compressed air reaches rated pressure, the bursting sheet arranged on the cover plate bursts, the compressed air is rapidly sprayed out from the position of the bursting hole, and the strong air impact effect is generated on the arched material in the storage bin from the lower part, so that the arch camber breaking purpose is achieved. Owing to adopt the utility model discloses a broken device that encircles, the blast wave that is produced by compressed air injection in the compressed air jar directly strikes feed bin mouth top and forms the material that encircles, compares with the air cannon of installing on the bulkhead, destroys the balanced power of encircleing that the material arched more easily, and broken encircleing is respond well. After the arch breaking operation is finished, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the gate plate and the compressed air tank to retreat to the original position outside the feed bin port, the normally-performed feeding operation is not influenced, and the arch breaking device has the advantage of convenience in use.

The strength of the compressed air shock wave generated by the compressed air tank has a very important relation with the opening speed of the compressed air valve, the cover plate of the compressed air tank is provided with the blasting hole, the corresponding position of the blasting hole is provided with the blasting sheet, when the pressure in the compressed air tank reaches the design value, the blasting sheet is broken instantly, the strength of the compressed air shock wave can be greatly improved, the arch breaking effect is improved, and compared with a mechanical quick-opening valve, the mechanical quick-opening valve has the advantages of high opening speed and strong shock wave impact force.

The burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, and the annular V-shaped groove is formed in the corresponding position on the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, so that the strength of the burst piece is lowest and the stress concentration is strongest at the position of the corresponding V-shaped groove, and after the pressure in the compressed air tank reaches a rated value, the burst piece can be integrally and instantly broken at the set position of the annular groove by the structure, so that the strength generated by shock waves is ensured in speed, the size of a compressed air jet orifice is improved, and the strength of the compressed air shock waves is further improved in structural size. A sealing ring is arranged between the bursting sheet and the upper cover plate, so that the sealing performance of the compressed air tank before the bursting sheet is cracked can be effectively ensured.

The burst sheet is made of flexible high polymer materials, and the flexible high polymer materials can be used for sealing before the burst sheet is burst, so that the explosion-proof device has the obvious advantage. Because the strength of the flexible polymer material is generally low, the reinforcing mesh made of carbon fiber is vulcanized in the flexible polymer material to improve the strength of the flexible polymer material. As the bursting sheet is bulged and the crisscross V-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the bursting sheet in the process of inflating the compressed air tank, the bursting sheet can be guaranteed to be firstly cracked along the center when the compressed air pressure reaches a designed rated value and is cracked in a scattered mode along the grooves, and the balanced arch breaking effect basically based on the center of the compressed air tank is guaranteed to be generated.

After the burst piece is broken and arch breaking operation is finished, compressed air in the compressed air tank is released, no pressure exists in the compressed air tank, and the burst piece is installed at the upper part of the inner layer cylinder barrel of the compressed air tank, so that the upper part of the compressed air tank is completely in an open state after the burst piece bursts, and materials in the bin falling from the arch breaking position of the bin directly fall into the compressed air tank through the burst hole, the compressed air tank is damaged, and the compressed air tank cannot work normally. In order to solve this problem, a compartment is provided under the cover of the compressed air tank, in which compartment an airbag of flexible material is placed, whose inflated outer dimensions substantially correspond to the inner space of the compartment. The air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a flexible compressed air pipe, and the air bag is not inflated and has no pressure in the original state, and can be folded at will at a certain position close to the wall of the cylinder in the compartment. When the compressed air tank is filled with compressed air and the pressure reaches a set value, the air bag is filled with compressed air lower than the pressure of the compressed air in the compressed air tank, and the air bag does not expand. However, when the burst piece is broken, the pressure in the compressed air tank is rapidly reduced, and when the pressure is reduced to be lower than the pressure in the air bag, the air bag is expanded to fill the whole compartment instantly, so that the burst hole and the interior of the compressed air tank are completely isolated, the materials in the storage bin are prevented from entering the compressed air tank, and the compressed air tank is protected.

The sealing ring is arranged at the flange at the bottom of the compressed air tank, the compressed air tank and the flashboard are sealed, the sealing performance of the compressed air tank is guaranteed, and the compressed air tank can reach rated pressure so as to achieve effective gas explosion impact effect.

In the arch breaking operation process, materials falling from the arch-forming position can be accumulated on the gate plate to influence the operation of the arch breaking device, and therefore the discharge hole is formed in the gate plate, the materials falling from the upper portion of the storage bin can be discharged to the lower portion of the feeding machine from the discharge hole and are sent out by the feeding machine, accumulation of the materials on the gate plate is eliminated, and the compressed air tank and the gate plate can move freely on the roller table after the arch breaking operation of the materials is completed.

Drawings

Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4 are schematic structural diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention, in which fig. 1 is a sectional view taken from a position B-B in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a sectional view taken from a position a-a in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a position a in fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of another structure taken from a position a in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In the drawings of the invention, the meaning of the serial numbers of the parts is as follows: 1. a roller; 2. the side wall of the roller bed frame; 3. a roller bed hanging frame; 5. hanging bolts; 6. a storage bin; 7. material preparation; 8. pressing a plate; 9. brittle rupture disc; 10. a V-shaped groove; 11. a platen bolt; 12. an air bag; 13. an air hose; 15. a compressed air tank; 25. a compressed air pipe; 26. a shutter plate; 27. a pneumatic control system; 28. a connecting bolt; 29. a connecting nut; 31. sealing the soft cushion; 32. fixing the bolt; 33. fixing a nut; 35. a hydraulic cylinder; 36. a flexible burst sheet; 37. a reinforcing fiber; 38. a pressure relay; 39. a seal member; 42. a cover plate; 43. a compartment; 44. a blast hole; 45. a feeder; 46. a discharge hole; 47. an observation window; 51. and (4) a flange.

In this embodiment, the roller bed is suspended at the lower part of the discharge port of the storage bin through a suspension bolt 5, an observation window 47 is installed on the side wall 2 of the roller bed, the roller 1 is installed on the side wall of the roller bed, two sides of the gate plate 26 are installed on the roller, the hydraulic cylinder 35 drives the roller to move back and forth, a compressed air tank 15 is installed on the gate plate, the compressed air tank is installed on the gate plate through a bottom flange 51 by adopting a fixing bolt 32 and a fixing nut 33, a sealing element 39 is adopted for sealing between the joint surfaces of the flange and the gate plate, the upper part of the compressed air tank is a cover plate 42, the compressed air tank is connected with an air source through a compressed air. A feeder 45 is arranged at the lower part of the roller bed frame.

A blasting hole 44 is formed in the middle of the cover plate, a circular brittle rupture disc 9 made of ultra-high molecular polyethylene plastic is tightly pressed at the corresponding position of the blasting hole of the cover plate through an annular pressing plate 8 and a pressing plate bolt 11, an annular V-shaped groove 10 is formed in the corresponding position of the upper surface and the lower surface of the brittle rupture disc, a sealing cushion 31 is arranged between the rupture disc and the upper cover plate, and the size and the material strength of the groove on the rupture disc ensure that the bursting pressure of the rupture disc is 0.5-0.7 Mpa.

A compartment 43 is arranged below a cover plate at the upper part of the compressed air tank, an air bag 12 made of flexible materials is arranged in the compartment, a flexible air hose 13 is connected to the air bag, the flexible air hose is connected with a compressed air power source through a pneumatic control system 27, and a pressure relay is arranged on a pipeline system.

The air path led out from the compressed air tank is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the flashboard, and is connected with a related control and power source through a compressed air hose after the flashboard is led out.

In the normal feeding condition, the shutter and the compressed air tank are located outside the outlet of the silo 6, and the bladder located in the lower compartment of the cover, which is free of compressed air, i.e. free of pressure, allows it to be folded in the position of the edge of the compartment. At this time, the feeding operation of the material 7 is performed by starting and stopping the feeder.

When the materials in the storage bin are arched as shown in the figure 1, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the flashboard, the compressed air tank and the like to enter the lower part of the discharge port of the storage bin along the roller way, and at the moment, the hoses on the pipelines ensure the free movement of the flashboard and the normal connection of the hydraulic pneumatic components and the like. Compressed air is filled into the compressed air tank through the compressed air pipeline, the air pressure in the tank is gradually increased, when the explosion pressure of the explosion piece reaches 0.5-0.7 Mpa, the explosion piece bursts, and high-pressure compressed air in the compressed air tank is sprayed out and expanded from the high-pressure compressed air tank instantaneously to generate a strong impact effect on arched materials, so that the arching in the storage bin is broken.

In the process of filling compressed air into the compressed air tank, when the pressure reaches 0.2Mpa, the pressure relay gives a signal, the air bag is filled with the compressed air through the ventilation hose, when the air pressure in the air bag reaches 0.1Mpa, a control valve of the pneumatic control system is closed, the air is cut off, and the air bag does not expand and maintains the original folded state because the pressure in the air bag is lower than the pressure in the compressed air tank. After the bursting sheet bursts, the pressure in the compressed air tank is rapidly reduced, when the pressure is lower than 0.3Mpa, the pressure relay gives a signal to cut off the compressed air pipe and enable the compressed air pipe to be communicated with the atmosphere, the compressed air in the compressed air tank is exhausted outwards through the compressed air pipe except for continuing to inject air upwards, meanwhile, a control valve of a pneumatic control system for controlling the air bag to inflate and deflate is opened, the air bag continues to inflate, and after the pressure reaches 0.2Mpa, the valve is closed again. At this time, since the pressure of the compressed air in the air bag is higher than the pressure in the compressed air tank, the air bag expands to fill the compartment under the cover plate, thereby closing the blast hole. In this in-process, because there is the compressed air reason of upwards discharging at the beginning, the material that falls from the feed bin arch position can't enter into the blast hole, and the gasbag seals the blast hole under the circumstances that the last row of pressure reduces in the later stage, can guarantee like this that the material can't get into inside the compressed air jar, causes unnecessary harm after preventing to the compressed air jar pollution after the material gets into. The pressure in the air bag is pre-inflated when the pressure is started, the pressure is controlled to be 0.1Mpa, and the pre-inflation can shorten the inflation and expansion time of the air bag during inflation and expansion, so that the time for closing the blast hole is shortened. Because the flexibility of the air bag is contradictory to the highest bearable pressure, the highest inflation pressure of the air bag is controlled to be 0.2 MPa.

And after the arch breaking operation is finished, continuously discharging the gas in the compressed air tank through the compressed air pipe until the pressure is zero. In this process, the airbag always closes the blast hole. After the arch breaking operation is completed, a hydraulic oil cylinder connected with the flashboard is started, the flashboard and the compressed air tank are returned to the original positions, the periphery of the flashboard of the upper cover plate is cleaned, the compressed air in the air bag is completely released, the air bag is folded at the original folding position again, the original residual burst pieces are dismantled, new burst pieces are replaced, and the next arch breaking period is started.

Offer the relief hole around the flashboard, on the material that falls from the feed bin upper portion can be followed the discharge hole and discharged the batcher of lower part like this, sent out by the batcher, eliminated the material and piled up on the flashboard, after broken arch operation is accomplished, guaranteed the free flexible and flashboard of compressed air jar and freely remove on the roll table.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the flexible burst sheet is made of an elastic rubber material, reinforcing fibers made of carbon fiber are vulcanized in the elastic rubber, a cross-shaped annular U-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the flexible burst sheet, and the flexible burst sheet is pressed on the cover plate by a pressing plate and a pressing plate bolt. The elastic rubber vulcanized with the reinforced fibers is used as the material of the bursting disc, and the U-shaped groove insensitive to stress concentration is formed in the elastic rubber, so that certain bursting strength can be ensured, and the flexible bursting disc can burst instantly along the U-shaped groove when the bursting pressure is reached to generate effective impact force.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a broken device that encircles of pneumatic blasting, contains roll table frame, running roller, flashboard, compressed air jar and bursting disc, its characterized in that: the roller bed is hoisted on the lower portion of a discharge port of the storage bin, the roller is installed on the side wall of the roller bed, two sides of the gate plate are installed on the roller and driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder to move back and forth along the roller, the compressed air tank is installed on the gate plate through a flange which is arranged at the bottom and protrudes outwards, a sealing piece is adopted between the flange and a junction surface of the gate plate for sealing, a cover plate is arranged on the upper portion of the compressed air tank, a blasting hole is formed in the cover plate, and a blasting sheet is installed at a position corresponding to the blasting hole.

2. The pneumatic blasting arch breaking device of claim 1, wherein: a compartment is arranged below a cover plate of the compressed air tank, an air bag made of flexible materials is placed in the compartment, and the air bag is connected with a compressed air power source through a compressed air pipe.

3. The pneumatic blasting arch breaking device of claim 2, wherein: the burst piece is made of a brittle high polymer material, annular V-shaped grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the upper surface and the lower surface of the burst piece, the burst piece is pressed on the cover plate through a pressing ring and a bolt, and a sealing ring is arranged between the burst piece and the cover plate.

4. The pneumatic blasting arch breaking device of claim 2, wherein: the burst sheet is made of a flexible high polymer material, a reinforcing fiber woven net is vulcanized in the flexible high polymer material, a cross-shaped annular V-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the burst sheet, and the burst sheet is tightly pressed on the cover plate through a pressing ring and a bolt.

5. A pneumatic blasting arch breaking device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the gate plate is provided with a discharge hole.

Images