CN110896282A - Rectifying device for direct current power supply of magnetic suspension train and control method thereof - Google Patents
Rectifying device for direct current power supply of magnetic suspension train and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110896282A CN110896282A CN201810965691.7A CN201810965691A CN110896282A CN 110896282 A CN110896282 A CN 110896282A CN 201810965691 A CN201810965691 A CN 201810965691A CN 110896282 A CN110896282 A CN 110896282A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/068—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode mounted on a transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rectifying device for direct current power supply of a magnetic suspension train, which comprises: the rectifier circuit comprises two groups of rectifier units which are connected in series, wherein each group of rectifier units comprises a rectifier transformer and a rectifier, and the rectifier comprises an uncontrolled rectifier bridge and a four-quadrant rectifier bridge intelligent identification control unit which are connected in parallel; the intelligent identification control unit comprises a detection module and a control module, wherein the control module is electrically connected with the detection module and four-quadrant rectifier bridges in the two groups of rectifier units and is used for judging the working state of the rectifier device according to the detection result provided by the detection module and controlling the working mode of the four-quadrant rectifier bridges according to the working state, so that the four-quadrant rectifier bridges can supplement the output capacity of the uncontrolled rectifier bridges or feed the load braking energy back to the power grid through inversion. The invention solves the problem that the rectifying device for the direct current power supply of the magnetic suspension train in the prior art can not simultaneously meet the requirements of rectification and energy feedback.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of direct current traction power supply of a magnetic suspension train, and particularly relates to a rectifying device for direct current power supply of the magnetic suspension train and a control method thereof.
Background
The high-voltage alternating current of an urban power grid is used as an input power supply of the magnetic suspension train traction power supply system, the high-voltage alternating current is firstly reduced through a rectifier transformer, and then the reduced alternating current is rectified into direct current through a rectifier to supply power to a train. The current magnetic suspension train traction power supply system has the following direct current power supply modes:
first, the adopted rectification mode is uncontrollable rectification, and the used devices are diodes. Due to the uncontrollable mode of diode rectification, the direct current output voltage of the diode rectifier changes obviously due to the fluctuation of the power grid voltage and the change of the load.
Secondly, the adopted rectification mode is uncontrollable rectification, and an inversion feedback device is arranged at the output end of the rectification device. Although the mode can feed redundant braking energy back to the power grid, the direct-current output voltage of the power grid is obviously changed due to the voltage fluctuation of the power grid, and the inversion feedback device is idle during rectification, so that the utilization rate is not high, and the economic benefit of input and output is low.
Thirdly, a rectifying device with a diode and a thyristor matched for use and an adjustable resistor at the output end is adopted, and although the direct-current voltage can be constantly output by the rectifying device, the rectifying device is not influenced by the voltage fluctuation of a power grid and the load change. However, since the excess braking energy is consumed by the resistor, the ambient temperature is increased, which is unfavorable for the operation of the device.
Therefore, a new rectifying device is needed to satisfy both the requirements of the rectified power supply and the energy feedback.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a rectifying device for magnetic suspension train dc power supply and a control method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the rectifying device for magnetic suspension train dc power supply in the prior art cannot simultaneously satisfy rectification and energy feedback, and the equipment investment is not economical and the installation space of the transformer substation equipment is short due to unbalanced traction and braking energy in the prior magnetic suspension train dc power supply technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rectifying device for dc power supply of a magnetic levitation train, comprising:
two sets of rectifier units connected in series, each set of rectifier unit includes a rectifier transformer and a rectifier, wherein:
the primary side of the rectifier transformer comprises a three-phase winding used for being electrically connected with a power grid, and the secondary side of the rectifier transformer comprises two three-phase windings used for being electrically connected with the alternating current input side of the rectifier;
the rectifier comprises an uncontrolled rectifier bridge and a four-quadrant rectifier bridge which are connected in parallel, wherein the input end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge is electrically connected with a three-phase winding on the secondary side of the rectifier transformer, the input end of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is electrically connected with another three-phase winding on the secondary side of the rectifier transformer through an alternating current inductor, and the output ends of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge are connected in parallel and are used as the direct current output side of the rectifier and are connected with a direct current capacitor in parallel;
the intelligent recognition control unit, the intelligent recognition control unit includes detection module and control module, wherein:
the detection module is electrically connected with the rectifiers in the two groups of rectification units, and is used for detecting the magnitude and the current direction of voltage and current on the alternating current input side and the direct current output side of each rectifier and providing the detection result to the control module;
the control module is electrically connected with the detection module and the four-quadrant rectifier bridges in the two groups of rectifier units, and is used for judging the working state of the rectifier device according to the detection result provided by the detection module and controlling the working mode of the four-quadrant rectifier bridges according to the working state, so that the four-quadrant rectifier bridges can supplement the output capacity of the uncontrolled rectifier bridges or feed the load braking energy back to the power grid through inversion.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the control module of the smart recognition control unit is arranged to:
when the rectifying device is in an idle state or a constant speed state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through self loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge;
when the rectifying device is in an acceleration state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start a rectifying mode, and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge run in parallel to provide larger traction power so as to ensure the rectifying power required by a system;
when the rectifying device is in a deceleration state or a braking state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start an inversion mode, and load braking energy is fed back to the power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge so as to ensure the stability of the direct-current power grid.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the three-phase windings of the primary side of the rectifier transformer are arranged to have a phase shift of +7.5 ° and-7.5 °, and the two three-phase windings of the secondary side are electrically connected to the ac input side of the rectifier by D, Y connections respectively.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the rectifier transformer is of a four-coil axial double-split structure for each phase of iron core.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the uncontrolled rectifier bridge is a diode three-phase rectifier bridge and/or the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is a PWM rectifier.
A control method for the rectifying device for the direct current power supply of the magnetic suspension train comprises the following steps:
detecting the magnitude and current direction of voltage and current on an alternating current input side and a direct current output side of a rectifier included in a rectifying unit of the rectifying device;
and judging the working state of the rectifying device according to the detection result, and adjusting the working mode of a four-quadrant rectifying bridge included by the rectifier according to the working state.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operation states of the rectifying device include an idling state, a loaded state and a braking state, wherein the loaded state is further divided into an acceleration state, a uniform speed state and a deceleration state.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the working modes of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge comprise a rectification mode and an inversion mode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control method includes:
when the rectifying device is in an idle state or a constant speed state, a control module included in an intelligent identification control unit of the rectifying device controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge;
when the rectifying device is in an acceleration state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start a rectifying mode, and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge and an uncontrolled rectifying bridge included by the rectifier run in parallel to provide larger traction power so as to ensure the rectifying power required by a system;
when the rectifying device is in a deceleration state or a braking state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start an inversion mode, and load braking energy is fed back to the power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge so as to ensure the stability of the direct-current power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the diode rectifier bridge and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge are connected in parallel for rectification, so that the output power is high and the power factor is high;
2. braking energy can be fed back to the power grid through the inversion function of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge, and energy is saved.
3. The four-quadrant rectifier bridge is provided with an alternating current inductor and a direct current capacitor, and both direct current harmonic voltage and alternating current harmonic current are low.
4. The method comprehensively utilizes the reliable technology of diode rectification and the flexible technology of four-quadrant rectification to realize the seamless operation of rectification and inversion, and effectively limits the direct current and direct current voltage lifting caused by the influence of the alternating current network voltage change and the direct current load.
The rectifying device for the direct current power supply of the magnetic suspension train and the control method thereof provided by the invention make full use of the time-sharing characteristics of rectification and inversion of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge, realize flexible control output of the system, and can realize rectification or inversion only by changing the control mode. During traction, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge operate together to provide larger traction power, and during braking or deceleration, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge can invert and feed back small braking energy to the power grid. The device fuses a diode rectification technology and a PWM four-quadrant rectification technology, can meet rectification and energy feedback at the same time, improves equipment reusability, reduces equipment investment, fully utilizes installation space of a transformer substation, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a rectification device for magnetic suspension train direct current power supply cannot meet the requirements of rectification and energy feedback at the same time and equipment investment is not economical and installation space of the transformer substation is short due to unbalanced traction and braking energy, so that economic and energy-saving operation is realized.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technology or prior art of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings expressing the embodiments of the present application are used for explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rectifying device for DC power supply of a maglev train according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a rectifying device for direct current power supply of a maglev train according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. The embodiments and the features of the embodiments can be combined without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details or with other methods described herein.
The invention further discloses a rectifying device for direct current power supply of a magnetic suspension train and a control method thereof by combining the attached drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rectifier for dc power supply of a magnetic levitation vehicle. The rectifying device for the direct current power supply of the magnetic suspension train mainly comprises two groups of rectifying units and intelligent identification control units (not shown in the figure) which are connected in series. Wherein:
the two groups of rectifying units connected in series are respectively a first rectifying unit 1 and a second rectifying unit 2.
The first rectifying unit 1 includes a rectifying transformer TR1 and a rectifier RCT 1.
The primary side of the rectifier transformer TR1 comprises a three-phase winding for electrical connection to the grid, for example via an ac switch cabinet K1. The secondary side of the rectifier transformer TR1 includes two three-phase windings for electrically connecting the ac input side of the rectifier RCT 1. The rectifier transformer TR1 adopts a rectifier transformer with an axial double-split structure of four coils of each phase iron core so as to reduce the mutual influence between low-voltage windings of the transformer.
Further, the three-phase winding of the primary side of the rectifier transformer TR1 is set to have a phase shift of +7.5 °, and is implemented by using an extended delta connection. And the two three-phase windings on the secondary side are respectively and electrically connected with the alternating current input side of the rectifier RCT1 by adopting an D, Y connection method.
The rectifier RCT1 includes an uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 and a four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 connected in parallel with each other. The input end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 is electrically connected to a three-phase winding of the secondary side of the rectifier transformer TR1, in this embodiment, a secondary side three-phase winding adopting a Y connection method. The input end of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 is electrically connected to another three-phase winding of the secondary side of the rectifier transformer TR1 through an ac inductor L1, which is a secondary three-phase winding adopting a D-connection method in this embodiment. The output ends of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 are connected in parallel with each other and serve as the DC output side of the rectifier RCT 1. The positive pole of the output end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 is connected with the positive pole of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and serves as the positive pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT 1; the negative pole of the output end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 is connected with the negative pole of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and serves as the negative pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT 1. The uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 is shown schematically and does not represent its specific structure. A direct current capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT1, and the direct current capacitor C1 plays a role in buffering energy exchange between the alternating current side and a direct current load, stabilizing direct current voltage and suppressing direct current side harmonic voltage in a circuit.
Further, the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 is a diode three-phase rectifier bridge, and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 is a PWM rectifier. The diode three-phase rectifier bridge rectifies the ac power stepped down by the rectifier transformer TR1, and then outputs the rectified dc voltage as a basic dc voltage, which is not controllable. The PWM rectifier performs corresponding work under the control of the intelligent identification control unit DCU. The negative pole of the output end of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the emitter of the PWM rectifier, and the positive pole of the output end of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the collector of the PWM rectifier and serves as the positive pole of the output end of the rectifier RCT 1. The intelligent identification control unit intelligently identifies that the rectifying device is in the states of braking, accelerating, uniform speed, decelerating or no-load and the like through the comparison of the direct-current voltage output by the rectifier RCT1 and the basic voltage set by the intelligent identification control unit, and controls the working state of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 in real time. For example: in an acceleration state, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and the diode three-phase rectifier bridge RCT11 are connected in parallel to operate together to rectify the alternating current output by the rectifier transformer TR1, and then the rectified voltage is output to supplement the shortage of the output capacity of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge RCT11 and provide larger traction power, so that the rectification power required by the system is ensured. When in a braking or deceleration state, the energy of the load M braking can be fed back to the power grid through inversion, so that the given output or feedback utilization requirement is met, and the stability of the direct-current power grid can be ensured. Namely, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge can be used for rectification during acceleration and for rectification together with the diode rectifier to provide a direct-current traction power supply, and can also be used for inversion during braking, so that redundant braking energy of direct current can be fed back to a power grid, the reusability of equipment is improved, and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is economical and energy-saving.
In addition, the alternating current inductor L1 plays a role in isolating the grid electromotive force from the AC side voltage of the PWM rectifier in the circuit, and controls the AC side voltage of the PWM rectifier to realize four-quadrant operation. And the alternating current harmonic wave can be filtered, the PWM rectifier and the power grid can transmit reactive power, and the energy storage effect is achieved. The ac inductor L1 also enables the PWM rectifier to have a boost conversion characteristic.
The second rectifying unit 2 includes a rectifying transformer TR2 and a rectifier RCT 2.
The primary side of the rectifier transformer TR2 comprises a three-phase winding for electrical connection to the grid through an ac switch cabinet K1, and the secondary side comprises two three-phase windings for electrical connection to the ac input side of the rectifier RCT 2. The rectifier transformer TR2 adopts a rectifier transformer with an axial double-split structure of four coils of each phase iron core so as to reduce the mutual influence between low-voltage windings of the transformer.
Further, the three-phase winding of the primary side of the rectifier transformer TR2 is set to have a phase shift of-7.5 °, and is specifically implemented by using an extended delta connection method. And the two three-phase windings on the secondary side are respectively and electrically connected with the alternating current input side of the rectifier RCT2 by adopting an D, Y connection method.
The rectifier RCT2 includes an uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 and a four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 connected in parallel with each other. The input end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 is electrically connected to a three-phase winding of the secondary side of the rectifier transformer TR2, which is a secondary side three-phase winding adopting a D connection method in this embodiment. The input end of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 is electrically connected to another three-phase winding of the secondary side of the rectifier transformer TR2 through an ac inductor L2, which is a secondary three-phase winding adopting a Y connection method in this embodiment. The output ends of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 are connected in parallel with each other and serve as the DC output side of the rectifier RCT 2. The positive pole of the output end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 is connected with the positive pole of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and serves as the positive pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT 2; the negative pole of the output end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 is connected with the negative pole of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and serves as the negative pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT 2. The uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 is shown schematically and does not represent its specific structure. A direct current capacitor C2 is connected in parallel between the positive pole and the negative pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT2, and the direct current capacitor C2 plays a role in buffering energy exchange between the alternating current side and a direct current load, stabilizing direct current voltage and suppressing direct current side harmonic voltage in a circuit.
Further, the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 is a diode three-phase rectifier bridge and/or the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 is a PWM rectifier. The diode three-phase rectifier bridge rectifies the ac power stepped down by the rectifier transformer TR2, and then outputs the rectified dc voltage as a basic dc voltage, which is not controllable. The positive pole of the output end of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the collector of the PWM rectifier, and the negative pole of the output end of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge is connected with the emitter of the PWM rectifier and serves as the negative pole of the output end of the rectifier RCT 2. The PWM rectifier performs corresponding work under the control of the intelligent identification control unit DCU. The intelligent identification control unit intelligently identifies that the rectifying device is in the states of braking, accelerating, uniform speed, decelerating or no-load and the like through the comparison of the direct-current voltage output by the rectifier RCT2 and the basic voltage set by the intelligent identification control unit, and controls the working state of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 in real time. For example: in an acceleration state, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and the diode three-phase rectifier bridge RCT22 are connected in parallel to operate together to rectify the alternating current output by the rectifier transformer TR2, and then the rectified voltage is output to supplement the shortage of the output capacity of the diode three-phase rectifier bridge RCT22 and provide larger traction power, so that the rectification power required by the system is ensured. When in a braking or deceleration state, the energy of the load M braking can be fed back to the power grid through inversion, so that the given output or feedback utilization requirement is met, and the stability of the direct-current power grid can be ensured. The four-quadrant rectifier bridge can be used for rectification during acceleration and for rectification together with the diode rectifier to provide a direct-current traction power supply, and can also be used for inversion during braking, so that redundant braking energy of direct current can be fed back to a power grid, the reusability of equipment is improved, and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is economical and energy-saving.
In addition, the alternating current inductor L2 plays a role in isolating the grid electromotive force from the AC side voltage of the PWM rectifier in the circuit, and controls the AC side voltage of the PWM rectifier to realize four-quadrant operation. And the alternating current harmonic wave can be filtered, the PWM rectifier and the power grid can transmit reactive power, and the energy storage effect is achieved. The ac inductor L2 also enables the PWM rectifier to have a boost conversion characteristic.
The primary sides of the rectifier transformer TR1 and the rectifier transformer TR2 are respectively provided with + 7.5-degree phase shift by adopting an edge-extending delta connection method, the two rectifier transformers realize the +/-7.5-degree phase shift, so that the voltage phase difference of the secondary sides of the two rectifier transformers is 15 degrees, the rectifier transformer TR1 and the rectifier transformer TR2 are respectively connected with the rectifier RCT1 and the rectifier RCT2 for rectification, and the direct current waveforms output after rectification by the rectifier have the phase difference of 15 degrees, thereby realizing the rectification superior to 24 pulse waves.
The first rectifying unit 1 and the second rectifying unit 2 are connected in series through a four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 in a rectifier RCT1 and a four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 in a rectifier RCT2, wherein a negative electrode of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 in the rectifier RCT1 is connected with a positive electrode of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 in the rectifier RCT 2. The first rectifying unit 1 and the second rectifying unit 2 are connected in series and then have equal current, and the rectifying transformer TR1, the rectifier RCT1 and the alternating current inductor L1 in the first rectifying unit 1 correspond to the rectifying transformer TR2, the rectifier RCT2 and the alternating current inductor L2 in the second rectifying unit 2 respectively and are the same devices, so that a rectifying device with equal positive and negative voltages, opposite polarities, small harmonic wave of output voltage, low ripple voltage and stable voltage is formed outwards. The positive pole of the output end of the rectifying device is the positive pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT1, and the negative pole is the negative pole of the output end of the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT 2. The rectifying device is electrically connected with a magnetic suspension long stator inverter converter adopting a three-level structure, for example, so as to supply power to a load M. A ground resistor R0 is connected to an intermediate point between the negative electrode of the rectifier RCT1 and the positive electrode of the rectifier RCT 2.
The intelligent recognition control unit (not shown in the figure) comprises a detection module and a control module, wherein:
the detection module is electrically connected with the rectifier RCT1 in the first rectifying unit 1 and the rectifier RCT2 in the second rectifying unit 2, and is used for detecting the magnitude and the current direction of the voltage and the current on the alternating current input side and the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT1 and the rectifier RCT2 and providing the detection result to the control module.
The control module is electrically connected with the detection module and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 in the first rectifier unit 1 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 in the second rectifier unit 2, and is configured to perform comprehensive operation processing according to a detection result provided by the detection module and a value of a dc voltage and a dc current preset by the control module, so as to determine a working state of the rectifier device, and control working modes of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 at the same time, so that the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 can supplement output capacities of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 or feed back a load M braking energy to a power grid through inversion.
The working states of the rectifying device comprise an unloaded state, a loaded state and a braking state, wherein the loaded state is divided into an accelerating state, a uniform speed state and a decelerating state. The working modes of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge comprise a rectification mode and an inversion mode.
The control module of the intelligent recognition control unit is set to:
when the rectifying device is in an idling state or a constant speed state, the control module simultaneously controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through self loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT 21;
when the rectifying device is IN an acceleration state, the control module simultaneously controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 to start a rectifying mode, the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge RCT11 operate IN parallel, the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge RCT22 operate IN parallel, namely the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge RCT11, the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge RCT22 operate simultaneously, and then rectified direct current is inverted into alternating current through the inverter IN1 and output to the load M, so that higher traction power is provided for the load M, and the rectifying power required by the system is ensured. IN this embodiment, the magnetic levitation long stator inverter converter is the inverter IN1, and may be an IGBT module or the like.
When the rectifying device is IN a decelerating state or a braking state, the control module simultaneously controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 to start an inversion mode, the braking energy of the load M is rectified through the inversion device IN1, and the rectified direct current is inverted and fed back to the power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 so as to ensure the stability of the direct current power grid.
The rectifying device fully utilizes the time-sharing characteristics of rectification and inversion of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge, realizes flexible control output of the system, and can realize rectification or inversion only by changing a control mode. During traction, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge operate together to provide larger traction power, and during braking or deceleration, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge can invert and feed back small braking energy to the power grid. The device fuses a diode rectification technology and a PWM four-quadrant rectification technology, simultaneously meets rectification and energy feedback, improves equipment reusability, reduces equipment investment, fully utilizes installation space of a transformer substation, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a rectification device for magnetic suspension train direct current power supply cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of rectification and energy feedback and equipment investment caused by unbalanced traction and braking energy is not economical and installation space of transformer substation equipment is short, so that economic and energy-saving operation is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, a flowchart of a control method for a rectifying device for dc power supply of a maglev train according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the control method mainly includes the following steps:
s1: the detection module detects the magnitude and current direction of voltage current at the alternating current input side and the direct current output side of the rectifier RCT1 and the rectifier RCT 2;
s2: and the control module judges the working state of the rectifying device according to the detection result and adjusts the working modes of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 according to the working state. The working states of the rectifying device comprise an unloaded state, a loaded state and a braking state, wherein the loaded state is divided into an accelerating state, a uniform speed state and a decelerating state. The working modes of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge comprise a rectification mode and an inversion mode.
Further, the step S2 is specifically:
when the control module judges that the rectifying device is in an idling state or a constant speed state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through self-loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT 21.
When the control module judges that the rectifying device is IN an acceleration state, the control module simultaneously controls the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 to start a rectifying mode, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11 operate IN parallel, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 operate IN parallel, namely the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT12 and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT11, the four-quadrant rectifier bridge RCT21 and the uncontrolled rectifier bridge RCT22 operate simultaneously, and then rectified direct current is inverted into alternating current through the inverter IN1 and output to the load M, so that higher traction power is provided for the load M to ensure the rectifying power required by the system.
When the control module judges that the rectifying device is IN a deceleration state or a braking state, the control module simultaneously controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 to start an inversion mode, the braking energy of a load M is rectified through an inversion device IN1, and rectified direct current is inverted back to a power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT12 and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge RCT21 so as to ensure the stability of the direct current power grid.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A commutation apparatus for dc powering of a magnetic levitation vehicle, comprising:
two sets of rectifier units connected in series, each set of rectifier unit includes a rectifier transformer and a rectifier, wherein:
the primary side of the rectifier transformer comprises a three-phase winding used for being electrically connected with a power grid, and the secondary side of the rectifier transformer comprises two three-phase windings used for being electrically connected with the alternating current input side of the rectifier;
the rectifier comprises an uncontrolled rectifier bridge and a four-quadrant rectifier bridge which are connected in parallel, wherein the input end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge is electrically connected with a three-phase winding on the secondary side of the rectifier transformer, the input end of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is electrically connected with another three-phase winding on the secondary side of the rectifier transformer through an alternating current inductor, and the output ends of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge and the four-quadrant rectifier bridge are connected in parallel and are used as the direct current output side of the rectifier and are connected with a direct current capacitor in parallel;
the intelligent recognition control unit, the intelligent recognition control unit includes detection module and control module, wherein:
the detection module is electrically connected with the rectifiers in the two groups of rectification units, and is used for detecting the magnitude and the current direction of voltage and current on the alternating current input side and the direct current output side of each rectifier and providing the detection result to the control module;
the control module is electrically connected with the detection module and the four-quadrant rectifier bridges in the two groups of rectifier units, and is used for judging the working state of the rectifier device according to the detection result provided by the detection module and controlling the working mode of the four-quadrant rectifier bridges according to the working state, so that the four-quadrant rectifier bridges can supplement the output capacity of the uncontrolled rectifier bridges or feed the load braking energy back to the power grid through inversion.
2. The fairing as recited in claim 1, wherein said control module of said smart identification control unit is configured to:
when the rectifying device is in an idle state or a constant speed state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through self loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge;
when the rectifying device is in an acceleration state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start a rectifying mode, and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge and the uncontrolled rectifying bridge run in parallel to provide larger traction power so as to ensure the rectifying power required by a system;
when the rectifying device is in a deceleration state or a braking state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start an inversion mode, and load braking energy is fed back to the power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge so as to ensure the stability of the direct-current power grid.
3. The rectifying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the three-phase windings of the primary side of the rectifier transformer are arranged to have + 7.5-degree phase shift, and the two three-phase windings of the secondary side are electrically connected with the alternating current input side of the rectifier respectively by adopting D, Y connection.
4. The rectifying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the rectifier transformer is in an axial double-split structure with four coils of each phase iron core.
5. The fairing device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
the uncontrolled rectifier bridge is a diode three-phase rectifier bridge and/or the four-quadrant rectifier bridge is a PWM rectifier.
6. A method of controlling a rectifying means for the direct current supply of magnetic levitation trains as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
detecting the magnitude and current direction of voltage and current on an alternating current input side and a direct current output side of a rectifier included in a rectifying unit of the rectifying device;
and judging the working state of the rectifying device according to the detection result, and adjusting the working mode of a four-quadrant rectifying bridge included by the rectifier according to the working state.
7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that:
the working states of the rectifying device comprise an unloaded state, a loaded state and a braking state, wherein the loaded state is divided into an accelerating state, a uniform speed state and a decelerating state.
8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the working modes of the four-quadrant rectifier bridge comprise a rectification mode and an inversion mode.
9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
when the rectifying device is in an idle state or a constant speed state, a control module included in an intelligent identification control unit of the rectifying device controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge not to be started or stabilizes direct-current voltage through loss of the four-quadrant rectifying bridge;
when the rectifying device is in an acceleration state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start a rectifying mode, and the four-quadrant rectifying bridge and an uncontrolled rectifying bridge included by the rectifier run in parallel to provide larger traction power so as to ensure the rectifying power required by a system;
when the rectifying device is in a deceleration state or a braking state, the control module controls the four-quadrant rectifying bridge to start an inversion mode, and load braking energy is fed back to the power grid through the four-quadrant rectifying bridge so as to ensure the stability of the direct-current power grid.
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