CN110894168A - Water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water, composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water, composite water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water, a composite water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite water permeable brick comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) crushing gangue: slag: drying sludge: compounding solid waste materials: activated carbon powder = 40: 15: 20: 10: 10: 5, a raw material; the water permeable system comprises a water permeable treatment mechanism, a water collecting mechanism and a water draining mechanism; the water treatment mechanism comprises a water permeable shell and a composite water permeable brick arranged in the water permeable shell, the lower part of the water permeable shell is connected with the inlet end of the water collecting mechanism, and the outlet end of the water collecting mechanism is connected with the drainage mechanism. The composite water permeable brick prepared by the waste is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the provided composite water permeable brick and the water permeable system have strong adsorption capacity and can effectively purify slightly polluted water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water, a composite water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of society, the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the living standard of people is increasingly improved, the water consumption is also continuously increased, various surface water sources gradually become the main water sources for people due to the over-exploitation and utilization of underground water and the rapid decrease of underground water level in recent years, but the problem of purification of slightly polluted water is urgent because surface water is very easy to be polluted and water resources are in short supply.
The micro-polluted water is mainly source water subjected to organic pollution, a part of organic pollutants are generated by biological activity organic pollution, and the main pollution indexes are COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium permanganate; the other part of the water is from industrial organic pollution, the main pollution index is artificially synthesized organic matters, the requirement on a water quality purification process is high, and the harm to human health is large.
Meanwhile, in order to solve the problems of increasingly serious ecology, deterioration of living environment, shortage of water resources and the like in the current city, the creation of a sponge city is also one of effective methods. The permeable brick not only has the basic function of paving common gardens, but also can embody the huge economic, ecological and environmental protection values of the permeable brick in the aspects of protecting and improving the ecological environment of the city and the like by adopting the permeable brick as a typical rainwater infiltration promoting measure for sponge city construction, the permeable brick is paved on the ground and is compared with the water retention benefit of the conventional hardened ground, and the result shows that the permeable brick ground is 3-4 times higher than the rainwater infiltrated under the concrete hardened ground under the same condition, and the effect of reducing the ground runoff is obvious. However, when rainfall is concentrated in a short time, rainwater can only be discharged into a river through a drainage facility, the burden of the drainage facility is increased, and the rainwater is mixed with pollutants on the road surface, such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen and phosphorus, and the like, which easily cause secondary pollution to a water source, so that the difficulty of water quality purification treatment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water, a composite water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composite water permeable brick comprises the following raw materials: the composite solid waste material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: and (3) crushing gangue: slag: drying sludge: compounding solid waste materials: activated carbon powder = 40: 15: 20: 10: 10: 5.
preferably, the composite solid waste material comprises waste stone, slag, peanut shells, phoenix tree leaves and straws in equal parts by mass.
A preparation method of the composite water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
according to the following steps of 40: 15: weighing 20 mass percent of fly ash, gangue powder and slag, and stirring in a stirring container to obtain a matrix material;
according to the following steps: 10: 5, weighing the dried sludge, the composite solid waste material and the activated carbon powder in a mass ratio, and dissolving and ultrasonically dispersing by using distilled water and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride as dispersing agents to obtain functional filler;
and mixing the matrix material and the functional filler, uniformly stirring in a stirring container, and then putting into a pressure container for molding to obtain the composite water permeable brick.
Preferably, the preparation method of the dried sludge comprises the following steps:
modifying the aluminum sludge powder by using chlorohexadecyl pyridine;
granulating the aluminum sludge powder to obtain a granular aluminum sludge matrix;
mixing the aluminum sludge substrate and the fly ash in a ratio of 73: 27 in a mass ratio;
calcining at 1000-1020 ℃ to obtain the dried sludge.
Preferably, the stirring time for preparing the matrix material is 30 minutes, the ultrasonic time for preparing the functional filler is 40 minutes, and the mixing and stirring time for mixing the matrix material and the functional filler is 30 minutes.
Preferably, the pressure of the composite water permeable brick during molding is 25MPa, the composite water permeable brick is dried at 105-110 ℃ after molding, and is sintered at 1080 ℃ and kept warm for 30 min.
A water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water comprises a water permeable treatment mechanism, a water collecting mechanism and a water discharging mechanism; the water treatment mechanism comprises a water permeable shell and a composite water permeable brick arranged in the water permeable shell, the lower part of the water permeable shell is connected with the inlet end of the water collecting mechanism, and the outlet end of the water collecting mechanism is connected with the drainage mechanism.
Preferably, the water permeating treatment mechanism further comprises a coal activated carbon layer arranged above the water permeating shell and a primary filter screen arranged above the coal activated carbon layer.
Preferably, the water collecting mechanism comprises a water collecting funnel connected with the bottom of the water permeable shell and a water collecting pipe connected with the water collecting funnel; the drainage mechanism comprises a drainage pipe, a drainage port is arranged at the tail end of the drainage pipe, and the water collecting pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe.
Preferably, the shell that permeates water still is connected with emergent water pipe, emergent water pipe with the drain pipe is linked together, be equipped with emergency valve on the emergent water pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the composite water permeable brick provided by the invention adopts wastes such as furnace slag, dried sludge, composite solid waste materials and the like as raw materials, so that the wastes are changed into valuables, the energy is saved, and the cost is reduced; and each raw material has water permeability and strong adsorption capacity, and can purify micro-polluted water;
(2) the preparation method of the composite water permeable brick provided by the invention adopts physical technical means such as stirring, ultrasonic dispersion and the like, does not need to add any secondary pollution chemical raw material, does not generate volatile organic compounds, does not cause new environmental pollution, and is strong in environmental protection;
(3) the permeable system for treating the micro-polluted water provided by the invention purifies the micro-polluted water through physical adsorption of the composite permeable bricks, realizes recycling of the purified underground water through the water collecting mechanism and the water draining mechanism, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of a water permeable system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the water permeable system;
labeled as: 1. a water permeable processing mechanism; 1-1, coal activated carbon layer; 1-2, emergency water pipes; 1-3, compounding water permeable bricks; 1-4, a water-permeable shell; 1-5, an emergency valve; 1-6, primary filter screen; 2. a water collecting mechanism; 2-1, a water collecting funnel; 2-2, a water collecting pipe; 3. a drainage mechanism; 3-1, a drain pipe; 3-2 and a water outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
A composite water permeable brick comprises the following raw materials: the composite solid waste material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: and (3) crushing gangue: slag: drying sludge: compounding solid waste materials: activated carbon powder = 40: 15: 20: 10: 10: 5.
wherein the composite solid waste material comprises waste stone, slag, peanut shells, phoenix tree leaves and straws in equal parts by mass. The addition of the peanut shells, the straws and other raw materials can greatly increase the specific surface area of the material and efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body.
A preparation method of the composite water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
weighing waste stone, slag, peanut shells, phoenix tree leaves and straws in equal mass ratio, and mixing to obtain a composite solid waste material;
modifying aluminum sludge powder by using chlorohexadecyl pyridine, granulating the aluminum sludge powder to obtain a granular aluminum sludge matrix, and mixing the granular aluminum sludge matrix and the fly ash in a ratio of 73: 27 in a mass ratio; calcining at 1000-1020 ℃ to obtain dried sludge;
according to the following steps of 40: 15: 20, weighing the fly ash, the gangue powder and the furnace slag according to the mass ratio, and stirring in a stirring container for 30 minutes to obtain a matrix material;
according to the following steps: 10: 5, weighing the dried sludge, the composite solid waste material and the activated carbon powder according to the mass ratio, and dissolving and ultrasonically dispersing for 40 minutes by using distilled water and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride as dispersing agents to obtain functional fillers;
and mixing the matrix material and the functional filler, stirring in a stirring container for 30 minutes, then placing in a pressure container for molding under the pressure of 25MPa, drying at 105-110 ℃ after molding, sintering at 1080 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes to obtain the composite water permeable brick.
The fly ash, the gangue and the furnace slag in the raw materials for preparing the composite water permeable brick have good water permeability; the dried sludge and the composite solid waste material (straw, peanut shell and the like) are waste utilization, the environmental protection is strong, the dried sludge has a nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption effect, the composite solid waste material has a large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, the phosphorus and nitrogen in the water body can be efficiently removed, and the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the slightly polluted water can be remarkably reduced; the activated carbon powder can further enhance the adsorption capacity of the composite water permeable brick.
The water permeability coefficient of the composite water permeable brick prepared by the embodiment is 1.12 multiplied by 10-2cm/s, the breaking strength is 31.2MPa, and the maximum removal rates of total nitrogen and total phosphorus respectively reach 63.00% and 75.00%.
Example 2
A water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water comprises a water permeable treatment mechanism 1, a water collecting mechanism 2 and a water discharging mechanism 3; the water permeable processing mechanism 1 comprises a water permeable shell 1-4 and a composite water permeable brick 1-3 arranged in the water permeable shell 1-4, the lower part of the water permeable shell 1-4 is connected with the inlet end of a water collecting mechanism 2, and the outlet end of the water collecting mechanism 2 is connected with a drainage mechanism 3.
The water permeable treatment mechanism 1 also comprises a coal activated carbon layer 1-1 arranged above the water permeable shell 1-4 and a primary filter screen 1-6 arranged above the coal activated carbon layer 1-1, and the primary filter screen 1-6 is fixed on the surface of the coal activated carbon layer 1-1 in a bonding mode; the primary filter screen 1-6 is used for filtering out impurities with larger volume, the coal activated carbon layer 1-1 is filled with a large amount of coal activated carbon, the efficiency of removing COD and turbidity is very high at normal temperature (28 ℃), and the content of COD and turbidity in micro-polluted water can be reduced.
The water collecting mechanism 2 comprises a water collecting funnel 2-1 connected with the bottom of the water permeable shell 1-4 and a water collecting pipe 2-2 connected with the water collecting funnel 2-1, a processing bag filled with magnetic powder and flocculating agent is arranged in the water collecting pipe 2-2 for magnetic loading and water sedimentation treatment, and micro impurities and colored pollutants in polluted water are mainly removed; the drainage mechanism 3 comprises a drainage pipe 3-1, a drainage port 3-2 is arranged at the tail end of the drainage pipe 3-1, and the water collection pipe 2-2 is communicated with the drainage pipe 3-1, so that the treated water can be collected and recycled conveniently.
The permeable shell 1-4 is made of traditional permeable brick materials and is further connected with an emergency water pipe 1-2, the emergency water pipe 1-2 is communicated with a drain pipe 3-1, an emergency valve 1-5 is arranged on the emergency water pipe 1-2, when the rainfall is too large, the emergency valve 1-5 is opened, slightly polluted water is treated by the composite permeable brick 1-3 and directly enters the drain pipe 3-1 through the emergency water pipe 1-2, and rainwater is prevented from gathering and being difficult to drain.
When the micro-polluted water purifying device is used, micro-polluted rainwater scoured on the ground is firstly filtered by the primary filter screen 1-6, so that large impurities such as silt and plastic bags in the rainwater are removed, and then the micro-polluted rainwater enters the coal activated carbon layer 1-1, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and turbidity content in the micro-polluted water are effectively reduced, the primary purification of the micro-polluted water is realized, after the micro-polluted water is used for a period of time, the coal activated carbon is saturated, the coal activated carbon can be manually replaced, the operation is simple, and the purification treatment cost is greatly reduced; the slightly polluted water purified by the coal activated carbon layer 1-1 continuously seeps downwards through the water permeable shell 1-4, enters the composite water permeable brick 1-3 for secondary purification treatment, is collected by the water collecting funnel 2-1, and enters the water discharging pipe 3-1 through the water collecting pipe 2-2; when the rainfall is too large, in order to avoid surface water accumulation, the emergency valves 1-5 can be opened, rainwater can directly enter the drain pipes 3-1 through the emergency water pipes 1-2, surface water accumulation is avoided through manual regulation, and water drained from the water outlets 3-2 can be recycled after simple treatment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the composite solid waste material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: and (3) crushing gangue: slag: drying sludge: compounding solid waste materials: activated carbon powder = 40: 15: 20: 10: 10: 5.
2. the composite water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the composite solid waste material comprises equal parts by mass of waste stone, slag, peanut shells, phoenix tree leaves and straws.
3. The preparation method of the composite water permeable brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the following steps of 40: 15: weighing 20 mass percent of fly ash, gangue powder and slag, and stirring in a stirring container to obtain a matrix material;
according to the following steps: 10: 5, weighing the dried sludge, the composite solid waste material and the activated carbon powder in a mass ratio, and dissolving and ultrasonically dispersing by using distilled water and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride as dispersing agents to obtain functional filler;
and mixing the matrix material and the functional filler, uniformly stirring in a stirring container, and then putting into a pressure container for molding to obtain the composite water permeable brick.
4. The method for preparing the composite water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the method for preparing the dried sludge comprises the following steps:
modifying the aluminum sludge powder by using chlorohexadecyl pyridine;
granulating the aluminum sludge powder to obtain a granular aluminum sludge matrix;
mixing the aluminum sludge substrate and the fly ash in a ratio of 73: 27 in a mass ratio;
calcining at 1000-1020 ℃ to obtain the dried sludge.
5. The method for preparing the composite water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the stirring time for preparing the matrix material is 30 minutes, the ultrasonic time for preparing the functional filler is 40 minutes, and the mixing and stirring time for mixing the matrix material and the functional filler is 30 minutes.
6. The method for preparing the composite water permeable brick according to claim 3, wherein the pressure of the composite water permeable brick during molding is 25MPa, the composite water permeable brick is dried at 105-110 ℃ after molding, and is sintered at 1080 ℃ and is kept warm for 30 min.
7. A water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water is characterized by comprising a water permeable treatment mechanism, a water collecting mechanism and a water discharging mechanism; the water treatment mechanism comprises a water permeable shell and a composite water permeable brick arranged in the water permeable shell, the lower part of the water permeable shell is connected with the inlet end of the water collecting mechanism, and the outlet end of the water collecting mechanism is connected with the drainage mechanism.
8. The water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water according to claim 7, wherein the water permeable treatment mechanism further comprises a coal activated carbon layer disposed above the water permeable casing and a primary filter screen disposed above the coal activated carbon layer.
9. The water permeable system for the treatment of micro-polluted water according to claim 7, wherein said water collection mechanism comprises a water collection funnel connected to the bottom of said water permeable housing and a water collection pipe connected to said water collection funnel; the drainage mechanism comprises a drainage pipe, a drainage port is arranged at the tail end of the drainage pipe, and the water collecting pipe is communicated with the drainage pipe.
10. The water permeable system for treating micro-polluted water according to claim 9, wherein an emergency water pipe is further connected to the water permeable housing, the emergency water pipe is communicated with the water discharge pipe, and an emergency valve is arranged on the emergency water pipe.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116813372A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-29 | 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 | Artificial wetland composite porous matrix and preparation method thereof |
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