CN110894161A - Potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material and application thereof in ultrasonic electronic cigarette - Google Patents
Potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material and application thereof in ultrasonic electronic cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- CN110894161A CN110894161A CN201911407255.9A CN201911407255A CN110894161A CN 110894161 A CN110894161 A CN 110894161A CN 201911407255 A CN201911407255 A CN 201911407255A CN 110894161 A CN110894161 A CN 110894161A
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- piezoelectric ceramic
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- sodium niobate
- electronic cigarette
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- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SUILZFJIVIXVOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismole Chemical compound [BiH]1C=CC=C1 SUILZFJIVIXVOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012387 aerosolization Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009688 liquid atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free ceramic material for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette and a manufacturing process of an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomizing sheet, wherein the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material is formed by doping elements which are harmless to a human body, such as lithium, bismuth and the like in a trace manner, the piezoelectric property of the potassium-sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramic material is improved by a phase boundary regulation and control method, the piezoelectric constant of the obtained ceramic material is more than 300pC/N, the Curie temperature is more than 440 ℃, and the use requirement of the ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomizing sheet can be met. The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is adopted to replace the traditional lead-containing piezoelectric material as the core element of the piezoelectric atomization sheet, is green and healthy, can effectively avoid lead pollution caused by the piezoelectric ceramic material in the production, use and waste processes, and reduces the damage to human health and environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of liquid atomization and ultrasonic electronic cigarettes, and particularly relates to a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material and application thereof in an ultrasonic electronic cigarette.
Background
At present, electronic cigarettes on the market are heated and atomized by winding a nickel-chromium heating wire on an oil guide rope, the risk of potential heavy metal pollution exists when the nickel-chromium heating wire is used for a long time, the use experience is influenced by uneven heating, and the health risk also exists when the electronic cigarette oil is heated by the nickel-chromium heating wire at high temperature; the long-term high-temperature use of the oil guide rope can also generate carbonization, the use effect is reduced, and harmful substances are easy to generate to harm health.
For this reason, the design of ultrasonic electronic aerosolization devices has been proposed, but at the same time, the influence of the piezoceramic material itself on the human body has not been taken into consideration. The piezoelectric ceramics in the existing market are almost all lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics, which contain a large amount of lead elements and cause great harm to human health and ecological environment. Particularly in the use scene of the ultrasonic electronic cigarette, the atomized tobacco tar can be directly inhaled into the lung of a human body, which greatly aggravates the threat degree of lead element to the health of the human body. In addition, in the working process of the ultrasonic electronic cigarette, as the atomization liquid is relatively less, the atomization sheet generates heat seriously, and the temperature of the ceramic atomization sheet is obviously raised (200-300 ℃), the piezoelectric ceramic material is required to have high Curie temperature so as to meet the normal use under the medium-high temperature condition without generating larger performance attenuation. Therefore, a green, healthy and stable electronic cigarette atomization mode is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free ceramic material for ultrasonic electronic cigarettes and a manufacturing process of an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic material for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet comprises the following chemical components: (1-x)(K a Na b Li -a-b1)NbO3+xBiAlO3(ii) a The above-mentionedx,a,bIs mole percent, wherein 0<x≤0.05，0.4≤a≤0.6，0.4≤b≤0.6。
Further, the raw materials comprise: the auxiliary material comprises bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate.
In the process of synthesizing the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material, the method of trace doping modification and phase boundary regulation is adopted to activate the piezoelectric micro-region, effectively improve the piezoelectric constant of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material and maintain the high Curie temperature so as to ensure the normal work of the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material at medium and high temperature (not more than 400 ℃).
A preparation process of a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and preserving heat for 3-6h at the temperature of 120-;
(2) weighing and mixing: weighing the pretreated raw materials according to the chemical composition ratio, dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare premixed powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the premixed powder in a box-type furnace, continuously heating to 700-950 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8h, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-sintered powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a green body, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours in a box type sintering furnace at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered piezoelectric ceramic plate into a specific shape;
(6) being polarized by silver: and silver plating is carried out on the processed ceramic sheet, and the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet is obtained by polarization aging after marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Further, the pretreated raw material in the step (2) is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol and then is wet-milled and uniformly mixed by a ball mill, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-600rpm, and the wet-milling time is 12-48 h.
Further, the specific shape in the step (5) is a cylindrical curved surface or a spherical curved surface with a certain curvature.
Further, the silver plating method in the step (6) is a screen printing method or a vacuum silver plating method.
Further, the polarization aging process in the step (6) is as follows: putting the silver-coated ceramic wafer marked with the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a polarizing device, heating to 60-100 ℃, polarizing for 30min under the voltage of 3-5kV/mm, and then standing at room temperature for 24h for aging to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet.
The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with high density and good electrical property is prepared by adopting the process, the piezoelectric constant of the ceramic material is more than 300pC/N, the Curie temperature is more than 440 ℃, and the use requirement of the ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomizing sheet can be met.
The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic is adopted to replace the traditional lead-containing piezoelectric material as the core element of the piezoelectric atomization sheet, is green and healthy, can effectively avoid lead pollution caused by the piezoelectric ceramic material in the production, use and waste processes, and reduces the damage to human health and environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet with a cylindrical curved surface shape.
Fig. 2 is an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet in a spherical curved surface shape.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the working principle of the ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, what is meant is "including, but not limited to".
Example 1:
a potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic material for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet comprises the following chemical components: (1-x)(K a Na b Li -a-b1)NbO3+xBiAlO3(ii) a The above-mentionedx,a,bIs mole percent, wherein 0<x≤0.05，0.4≤a≤0.6，0.4≤b≤0.6。
Example 2:
a preparation process of a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and preserving heat for 3-6h at the temperature of 120-;
(2) weighing and mixing: weighing the pretreated raw materials according to the chemical composition ratio, dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare premixed powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the premixed powder in a box-type furnace, continuously heating to 700-950 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8h, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-sintered powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a green body, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours in a box type sintering furnace at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered piezoelectric ceramic plate into a specific shape;
(6) being polarized by silver: and silver plating is carried out on the processed ceramic sheet, and the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet is obtained by polarization aging after marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Further, the pretreated raw material in the step (2) is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol and then is wet-milled and uniformly mixed by a ball mill, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-600rpm, and the wet-milling time is 12-48 h.
Further, the specific shape in the step (5) is a cylindrical curved surface or a spherical curved surface with a certain curvature.
Further, the silver plating method in the step (6) is a screen printing method or a vacuum silver plating method.
Further, the polarization aging process in the step (6) is as follows: putting the silver-coated ceramic wafer marked with the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a polarizing device, heating to 60-100 ℃, polarizing for 30min under the voltage of 3-5kV/mm, and then standing at room temperature for 24h for aging to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet.
Example 3:
a potassium-sodium niobate-based leadless piezoelectric ceramic material for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet comprises the following chemical components: (1-x)(K a Na b Li -a-b1)NbO3+xBiAlO3(ii) a The above-mentionedx,a,bIs mole percent, wherein 0<x≤0.05，0.4≤a≤0.6，0.4≤b≤0.6。
Further, the raw materials comprise: the auxiliary material comprises bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate.
A preparation process of a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and preserving heat for 3-6h at the temperature of 120-;
(2) weighing and mixing: weighing the pretreated raw materials according to the chemical composition ratio, dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare premixed powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the premixed powder in a box-type furnace, continuously heating to 700-950 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8h, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-sintered powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a green body, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours in a box type sintering furnace at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered piezoelectric ceramic plate into a specific shape;
(6) being polarized by silver: and silver plating is carried out on the processed ceramic sheet, and the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet is obtained by polarization aging after marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Further, the pretreated raw material in the step (2) is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol and then is wet-milled and uniformly mixed by a ball mill, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-600rpm, and the wet-milling time is 12-48 h.
Further, the specific shape in the step (5) is a cylindrical curved surface or a spherical curved surface with a certain curvature, fig. 1 is a preferred ultrasonic electronic aerosolization sheet shape, and fig. 2 is another preferred ultrasonic electronic aerosolization sheet shape.
Further, the silver plating method in the step (6) is a screen printing method or a vacuum silver plating method.
Further, the polarization aging process in the step (6) is as follows: putting the silver-coated ceramic wafer marked with the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a polarizing device, heating to 60-100 ℃, polarizing for 30min under the voltage of 3-5kV/mm, and then standing at room temperature for 24h for aging to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet.
Further, the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic sheet obtained in step (6) includes, as shown in fig. 3, an upper electrode layer 1A, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 1, and a lower electrode layer 1B.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements that are within the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. The potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material for the ultrasonic electronic cigarette atomization sheet is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: (1-x) (K a Na b Li -a-b1)NbO3+xBiAlO3(ii) a The above-mentionedx,a,bIs mole percent, wherein 0<x≤0.05，0.4≤a≤0.6，0.4≤b≤0.6。
2. A preparation process of a potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for an ultrasonic electronic cigarette is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: putting potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, niobium pentoxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium carbonate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into an oven, and preserving heat for 3-6h at the temperature of 120-;
(2) weighing and mixing: weighing the pretreated raw materials according to the chemical composition ratio, dispersing the raw materials in absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing and sieving to prepare premixed powder;
(3) pre-burning: placing the premixed powder in a box-type furnace, continuously heating to 700-950 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8h, cooling to room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain pre-sintered powder;
(4) and (3) sintering: dry-pressing the pre-sintering powder into a green body, and preserving heat for 4-8 hours in a box type sintering furnace at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃ to obtain a compact piezoelectric ceramic plate;
(5) processing: processing the sintered piezoelectric ceramic plate into a specific shape;
(6) being polarized by silver: and silver plating is carried out on the processed ceramic sheet, and the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet is obtained by polarization aging after marking the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
3. The preparation process of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for the ultrasonic electronic cigarette as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and (3) dispersing the pretreated raw material in absolute ethyl alcohol, and wet-grinding and uniformly mixing the raw material by using a ball mill, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-600rpm, and the wet-grinding time is 12-48 h.
4. The preparation process of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for the ultrasonic electronic cigarette as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the specific shape in the step (5) is a cylindrical curved surface or a spherical curved surface with a certain curvature.
5. The preparation process of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for the ultrasonic electronic cigarette as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and (6) the silver plating method is a screen printing method or a vacuum silver plating method.
6. The preparation process of the potassium sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet for the ultrasonic electronic cigarette as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the polarization aging process in the step (6) is as follows: putting the silver-coated ceramic wafer marked with the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a polarizing device, heating to 60-100 ℃, polarizing for 30min under the voltage of 3-5kV/mm, and then standing at room temperature for 24h for aging to obtain the potassium-sodium niobate-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet.
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| CN115959907B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-02-13 | 深圳市汉清达科技有限公司 | Leadless piezoelectric ceramic and preparation method and application thereof |
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