CN110893476A

CN110893476A - Workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes

Info

Publication number: CN110893476A
Application number: CN201911237395.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高维珊
Original assignee: Qingdao Technician College
Current assignee: Qingdao Technician College
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-03-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-26
Also published as: CN110893476B

Abstract

The invention relates to a workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes, which comprises a storage battery, a charging socket, a power switch, a motor speed reducing mechanism, an annular metal casing, a workpiece locking control circuit, a workpiece loosening control circuit and a workpiece fixing torque detection circuit, wherein the annular metal casing is provided with a plurality of annular metal casing grooves; the metal casing is provided with two layers, the middle parts of the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing are provided with openings, and the motor speed reducing mechanism is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing; the inner layer of the metal sleeve is sleeved at the outer end of the manual chuck; the lower end of a power output shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is provided with a rectangular sleeve, and the rectangular sleeve is inserted into a rectangular sleeve hole at the upper end of a bevel gear of the manual chuck; the upper end of an internal motor rotating shaft of the motor reducing mechanism is provided with a permanent magnet and a generating coil; the storage battery, the charging socket, the power switch, the workpiece locking control circuit, the workpiece loosening control circuit and the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit are arranged in the element box and are connected with the motor speed reducing mechanism and the power generation coil through leads. The invention has the advantages of both an electric chuck and a manual chuck.

Description

Workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of corollary equipment of a numerical control lathe, in particular to a workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes.

Background

The numerical control lathe is machining equipment which is widely used due to the fact that machining precision of workpieces is high, manpower can be saved, and working efficiency can be improved. An important part of the numerical control lathe is workpiece chuck equipment which is a necessary facility for fixedly mounting various workpieces. The traditional numerical control lathe is mostly applied to a manual three-jaw workpiece chuck, an operator needs to rotate a small bevel gear of workpiece chuck rotating equipment such as a wrench and the like to rotate left and right in operation, the small bevel gear drives a driven large bevel gear to rotate left and right, and then the driven large bevel gear drives jaws of the three-jaw chuck to fold or unfold under the action of a related mechanism, so that the purpose of fixing or loosening a workpiece is achieved. Due to the fact that manual operation is needed, inconvenience is brought to operators, and when the frequency of replacing the workpieces is high, the labor intensity of the operators is increased.

In the prior art, a numerical control lathe also adopts a mode that a motor drives a jaw to open or close so as to fix or loosen a workpiece; the power chuck provides convenience to the operator and reduces the labor intensity of the operator, thus being superior to a manual chuck in many places. However, the existing electric drive chuck has the disadvantage of relatively complex structure, and more importantly, the existing electric drive chuck cannot be directly installed and applied on the existing numerical control lathe with the manual chuck due to the structural limitation, that is, the existing electric drive chuck cannot be directly installed and applied on the manual chuck of the numerical control lathe; if a numerical control lathe adopting a manual chuck is greatly modified in order to adapt to the installation of the existing electric chuck, the modification amount is large, the cost is high, and the method is obviously not practical. The current electric chuck has the problem that in the process of fixing a workpiece, an operator needs to observe the fixing condition of the workpiece in real time, if the workpiece is fixed tightly, the electric chuck continues to work, the motor and the reduction gear of the electric chuck are damaged due to overlarge load, and the workpiece cannot be effectively machined due to the fact that the workpiece is not fixed firmly. In addition, although the manual chuck of the numerically controlled lathe has such a problem, the use thereof is more reliable because the power supply is not used during the operation and the number of parts is small. Based on the above, the workpiece chuck device of the numerical control lathe, which can be conveniently installed on the existing numerical control lathe adopting the manual chuck for use, has the advantages of low cost, simple and compact structure and electric chuck, and can continuously ensure the manual operation function of the manual chuck, is especially necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that the existing lathe adopting a manual chuck can only use the manual chuck to fix a workpiece, and the existing electric cutter head can not be directly suitable for the lathe adopting the manual chuck, and the disadvantage that the operator cannot grasp the moment of the fixed workpiece in the process of fixing the workpiece by the electric chuck, the invention has simple and compact structure, can be directly arranged on the manual chuck without any modification for use, and can ensure the normal use of the manual chuck, the manual chuck can be used for fixing the workpiece after the fault occurs, has the advantages of the electric chuck and the manual chuck, is more reliable in work, and the work piece clamping disc device can automatically stop working after tightly fixing the work piece, brings convenience to operators and improves the working efficiency on the premise of ensuring the effective fixation of the work piece, and is suitable for various manual clamping disc numerical control lathes.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a work piece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes comprises a storage battery, a charging socket, a power switch and a motor speed reducing mechanism, and is characterized by also comprising an annular metal casing, a work piece locking control circuit, a work piece loosening control circuit and a work piece fixing torque detection circuit; the motor speed reducing mechanism is fixedly arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing; the inner diameter of the inner layer of the metal casing is larger than the outer diameter of the manual chuck, a plurality of screw seats aligned in position are arranged between the middle outer layer and the inner layer of the metal casing at intervals, a locking screw is screwed into each screw seat, and the inner layer of the metal casing is sleeved at the outer end of the manual chuck; the lower end of a power output shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is provided with a rectangular sleeve, and the rectangular sleeve is inserted into a rectangular sleeve hole at the upper end of the bevel gear of the manual chuck through a lower opening hole of the metal sleeve shell; the upper end of an internal motor rotating shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is sleeved with an annular permanent magnet, and an annular power generation coil is arranged at the upper end of the motor shell, which is positioned outside the annular permanent magnet; the storage battery, the charging socket, the power switch, the workpiece locking control circuit, the workpiece loosening control circuit and the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit are arranged in an element box, and the element box is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing; the positive pole of the storage battery is connected with the inlet end of the power switch through a lead, and the two outlet ends of the power switch and the negative pole of the storage battery are respectively connected with the two power input ends of the workpiece locking control circuit, the workpiece loosening control circuit and the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit through leads; the two ends of the power supply output of the workpiece locking control circuit and the two ends of the power supply output of the workpiece loosening control circuit are respectively connected with the positive and negative poles and the positive and negative poles of the motor reducing mechanism through leads; the signal input end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the control signal output end of the workpiece locking control circuit through a lead, and the signal output end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the positive power supply input end of the motor speed reducing mechanism through a lead.

Furthermore, the power switch is provided with two keys, a power input end and two power output ends.

Further, the motor reduction mechanism is a direct current motor gear reduction mechanism.

Furthermore, the workpiece locking control circuit and the workpiece loosening control circuit respectively comprise a resistor, a relay, an electrolytic capacitor and an NPN triode, the resistor, the relay, the electrolytic capacitor and the NPN triode are connected through a circuit board in a wiring mode, one end of the first resistor is connected with the input end of a positive power supply of the relay and the input end of a positive control power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the base electrode of the NPN triode, the collector electrode of the NPN triode is connected with the input end of a negative power supply of the relay, and the.

Further, the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit comprises a rectifier bridge stack, an electrolytic capacitor, an adjustable resistor, a resistor, NPN triodes and a relay, wherein the rectifier bridge stack, the electrolytic capacitor, the adjustable resistor, the NPN triodes and the relay are connected through a circuit board in a wiring mode, 3 pins of a positive power output end of the rectifier bridge stack are connected with a positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor and one end of the adjustable resistor, one end of the resistor is connected with a positive power input end of the relay, 4 pins of a negative power output end of the rectifier bridge stack are connected with a negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor and emitting electrodes of the two NPN triodes, the other end of the adjustable resistor is connected with a base electrode of the first NPN triode, a collector electrode of the first NP.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the inner layer of the metal casing is sleeved at the outer end of the left part of the manual chuck, and a plurality of locking screws are respectively screwed to be normally used. According to the invention, any operation is not required any more only by pressing one key of the piano type power switch, the workpiece locking control circuit can automatically control the motor reducing mechanism to drive the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck to rotate clockwise, so that the workpiece is automatically clamped under the action of the rest parts of the manual chuck, and under the action of the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit, the workpiece can be effectively ensured to be clamped, and the motor reducing mechanism and the like cannot be damaged due to overlarge load. In the invention, any operation is not needed any more only by pressing down another key of the piano type power switch, and the workpiece loosening control circuit can automatically control the motor speed reducing mechanism to drive the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck to rotate anticlockwise, so that the workpiece is automatically loosened under the action of other parts of the manual chuck. When the invention is used, when the motor reducing mechanism or the control circuit is in failure, the manual operation can be recovered after the motor reducing mechanism is taken down. The invention has simple and compact structure, can be directly installed on the manual chuck for use without any modification, can also ensure the normal manual operation of the manual chuck, can use the manual chuck to fix a workpiece after a fault occurs, has the advantages of the electric chuck and the manual chuck, is more reliable in work, can automatically stop working after tightly fixing the workpiece, and brings convenience to operators and improves the working efficiency on the premise of ensuring the effective fixation of the workpiece. Based on the above, the invention has good application prospect.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerically controlled lathes comprises a storage battery 1, a charging socket 2, a piano type power switch 3, a motor reduction mechanism 4, an annular metal casing 5, a workpiece locking control circuit 6, a workpiece loosening control circuit 7 and a workpiece fixing torque detection circuit 8; the metal casing 5 is provided with an inner layer and an outer layer, the middle part of the inner layer 5 of the metal casing is provided with a lower opening 51, the middle part of the outer layer of the metal casing 5 is provided with an upper opening 52, the upper opening 52 is aligned with the lower opening 51, the side end of the upper opening 52 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and the upper end of the shell of the motor speed reducing mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing 5 through the plurality of fixing holes of the upper opening 52 and a plurality of screw nuts respectively; the inner diameter of the inner layer of the metal sleeve 5 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the manual chuck 9, a plurality of screw seats 53 aligned in position are further arranged between the middle outer layer and the inner layer of the metal sleeve 5 at a certain interval, a locking screw 10 is screwed into each screw seat 53, the inner layer of the metal sleeve 5 is sleeved at the outer end of the left side of the manual chuck 9 (at a certain distance from a clamping jaw 91), a plurality of locking screws 10 are respectively screwed into the inner threads of the plurality of screw seats 53 between the outer layer and the inner layer of the metal sleeve 5, and the lower side ends of the plurality of locking screws 10 are in close contact with the outer side end of the chuck 9; a rectangular sleeve 41 is welded at the lower end of a power output shaft of the motor reducing mechanism, and the rectangular sleeve 41 is inserted into a rectangular sleeve hole at the upper end of a small bevel gear of the manual chuck 9 through a lower opening 51 of a metal sleeve shell; the upper end of an internal motor rotating shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is sleeved with an annular permanent magnet 11, and an annular generating coil 12 is arranged at the upper end of the motor shell, which is positioned outside the annular permanent magnet; the battery 1, the socket 2 charges, piano type switch 3, work piece locking control circuit 6, work piece loosening control circuit 7, work piece fixed moment detection circuitry 8 is installed on the circuit board, the circuit board is installed in component box 13, component box 13 is fixed in between the inside and outside two-layer of metal casing 5 through screw nut, and with being in the vertical state (both ends about being located the inlayer of metal casing 5 respectively) of motor reduction gears 4, switch 3's operating handle, the jack of socket 2 charges is located the two trompils outsides in the outer left part of metal casing 5 respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, battery G is a model 24V/10Ah lithium battery; the charging socket CZ is a coaxial power socket; the piano type power switch S is provided with two keys, a power input end 1 pin and two

power output ends

2 and 3 pins, wherein the power input end 1 pin is communicated with the first power output end 2 pin when one key is pressed down, and the power input end 1 pin is communicated with the second power output end 3 pin when the other key is pressed down. The motor reducing mechanism M is a working voltage direct current 24V direct current motor reducing mechanism and a working current 5A, a multi-stage gear reducing mechanism is arranged in the lower end of a shell, and power output by a motor at the upper end of the shell is reduced by the multi-stage gear reducing mechanism to increase torque and then is output from a power output shaft during working. The workpiece locking control circuit comprises resistors R1 and R2, a relay J, an electrolytic capacitor C1 and an NPN triode Q1, wherein the resistors are connected through circuit board wiring, one end of a first resistor R1 is connected with the positive power input end and the positive control power input end of the relay J, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 and one end of a second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1, the collector electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is connected with the negative power input end of the J relay, and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is connected with the emitter electrode of the NPN triode Q1 and the negative control power input end. The workpiece loosening control circuit comprises resistors R3 and R4, a relay J1, an electrolytic capacitor C2 and an NPN triode Q2, wherein the resistors are connected through circuit board wiring, one end of a first resistor R3 is connected with a positive electrode power supply input end and a positive electrode control power supply input end of a relay J1, the other end of the first resistor R3 is connected with a positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 and one end of a second resistor R4, the other end of the second resistor R4 is connected with a base electrode of the NPN triode Q2, a collector electrode of the NPN triode Q2 is connected with a negative electrode power supply input end of the relay J1, and a negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C2 is connected with an emitter electrode of the triode Q2 and a negative electrode control. The workpiece fixed torque detection circuit comprises a rectifier bridge stack A, an electrolytic capacitor C, an adjustable resistor RP, a resistor R5, NPN triodes Q and Q3 and a relay J2, wherein the rectifier bridge stack A, the electrolytic capacitor C, the adjustable resistor RP and the relay J2 are connected through circuit board wiring, the 3 pin of the positive power output end of the rectifier bridge stack A is connected with the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C and one end of the adjustable resistor RP, one end of a resistor R5 is connected with the positive power input end of the relay J2, the 4 pin of the negative power output end of the rectifier bridge stack A is connected with the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor C and the emitting electrodes of the two NPN triodes Q and Q3, the other end of the adjustable resistor RP is connected with the base electrode of a first NPN triode Q, the collector electrode of the first NPN triode Q is connected with the base electrode of a second NPN.

As shown in fig. 2, two poles of the storage battery G and two terminals of the charging socket CZ are respectively connected through leads (when the storage battery G is out of electricity, the storage battery G can be charged by inserting a charging plug of an external 24V power supply charger into the charging socket CZ); the positive electrode of the storage battery G is connected with the wire inlet end of the power switch S through a wire; the 2 feet of two power output ends of the power switch S and the cathode of the storage battery G are respectively connected with one end of a resistor R1 at two power input ends of the workpiece locking control circuit, the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor C1, the other end of a resistor R5 at two power input ends of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit and an emitting electrode of an NPN triode Q through leads; a power output end pin 3 of the power switch S and the cathode of the storage battery G are respectively connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor C2 at the two ends of the power input end of the workpiece loosening control circuit through leads; the two normally closed power output ends of the relay J at the two ends of the power output of the workpiece locking control circuit and the two normally closed power output ends of the relay J1 at the two ends of the power output of the workpiece loosening control circuit are respectively connected with the power input ends of the positive and negative poles and the positive and negative poles of the motor reducing mechanism M through leads; the signal input two ends of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit are respectively connected with the two ends of the power supply input two ends 1 and 2 pins of the rectifier bridge stack A at the two ends through leads; the signal input end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the control power supply input end of a relay J2 control signal output end of the workpiece locking control circuit, and one control power supply input end of the relay J is connected with the control signal output end of the workpiece locking control circuit through a lead; the signal output end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the normally closed contact end of a relay J2 and the positive power supply input end of the motor speed reducing mechanism M through a lead.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, when the manual locking device is installed, the inner layer of the metal casing 5 is sleeved at the outer end of the left part of the manual chuck 9, the rectangular sleeve 41 at the lower end of the power output shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism 4 is inserted into the rectangular sleeve hole at the upper end of the small bevel gear of the manual chuck 9 through the lower opening of the metal casing 5, and the manual locking device can be fixed on the manual chuck 9 for normal use after a plurality of locking screws 10 are respectively screwed (the locking screws 10 are respectively contacted with the outer side of the manual chuck 9). When a workpiece is fixed, one end of the workpiece is placed in the three clamping jaws 91 of the chuck by an operator, then any operation can be omitted after a first key of the piano type power switch S is pressed down, and after the power input end 1 pin of the piano type power switch S is communicated with the first power output end 2 pins, the workpiece locking control circuit and the workpiece fixing moment detection circuit are in an electrified working state. After the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is powered on and works, the anode of a 24V power supply is subjected to voltage reduction and current limitation through a resistor R1 to charge an electrolytic capacitor C1, and when the electrolytic capacitor C1 is not fully charged in the first 6 seconds, the voltage of the base of an NPN triode Q1 is lower than 0.7V after the electrolytic capacitor C1 is subjected to voltage reduction and current limitation through resistors R1 and R2, so that the MPN triode Q1 is in a cut-off state, and a relay J is in a power-off state, and two control power supply input ends and two normally closed contact ends of the relay J are respectively closed; because two control power supply input ends of a relay J are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of a storage battery G, and two normally closed power supply output ends of the relay J are respectively connected with the positive power supply input end and the negative power supply input end of a motor reducing mechanism M through leads (the power supply input end and the normally closed contact end of the relay J2 are closed when the power supply is lost), the motor reducing mechanism M can be powered to work at the moment, a power output shaft of the motor reducing mechanism M drives an umbrella-shaped pinion of a manual chuck 9 to rotate clockwise through a rectangular sleeve 41, and then three clamping jaws 91 are slowly tightened to automatically clamp one end of a workpiece under the action of other parts of the manual chuck 9 (the workpiece; after 6 seconds, when the electrolytic capacitor C1 is fully charged, the voltage is reduced and limited by the resistors R1 and R2, the voltage of the base electrode of the NPN triode Q1 is higher than 0.7V, then the MPN triode Q1 is in a conducting state, the collector electrode of the MPN triode Q1 outputs low level and enters the input end of the cathode power supply of the relay J (the input end of the anode power supply of the relay J is connected with the anode of the storage battery G), the relay J is electrified to pull in two input ends of the control power supply and two ends of the normally closed contact of the relay; because the two normally closed power output ends of the relay J are respectively connected with the positive and negative pole power input ends of the motor reducing mechanism M through leads, after 6 seconds, the motor reducing mechanism M loses power and does not work any more, and the work piece clamping process is completed. In the work piece fixed torque detection circuitry: in practical situations, after the motor speed reducing mechanism M is powered on to work, the motor rotating shaft thereof can drive the permanent magnet CT to synchronously rotate, so that magnetic lines of force are generated between the permanent magnet CT and the coil M1, the coil M1 sends out alternating current of about 5V to enter the pins 1 and 2 of the rectifier bridge stack a, the rectifier bridge stack a outputs a direct current power supply under the action of an internal circuit thereof, the direct current power supply is filtered by the electrolytic capacitor C, the positive power supply enters one end of the adjustable resistor RP, when the rotating speed of the motor speed reducing mechanism M is normal, namely the motor speed reducing mechanism M drives the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck 9 to clockwise rotate and has small load, the voltage of the power supply is reduced and limited by the adjustable resistor RP, the voltage of the power supply enters the base of the NPN triode Q, the NPN triode Q is connected with the collector thereof to output a low level and enters the base of the NPN triode Q3, the base of the NPN triode Q3 has no proper forward, then relay J2 is also in a power-off state which controls the power supply input and the normally closed contact ends to close; because one of the control power supply input ends of the relay J of the workpiece locking control circuit is connected with the control power supply input end of the relay J2, and the normally closed contact end of the relay J2 is connected with the positive power supply input end of the motor reducing mechanism M, the workpiece locking control circuit controls the motor reducing mechanism M, the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck 9 is driven by the rectangular sleeve 41 to rotate clockwise to fix the workpiece, and the motor reducing mechanism M can normally work by power when the workpiece is not fixed tightly. In the work piece fixed torque detection circuitry: in practical situations, when the motor reduction mechanism M drives the bevel pinion of the manual chuck 9 to rotate clockwise for fixing a workpiece for about 5 seconds through the rectangular sleeve 41, and the workpiece is fixed tightly, the motor reduction mechanism M approaches to stop rotating due to an increase in load and a rapid decrease in the rotation speed of the power output shaft (in this case, the power output shaft of the motor reduction mechanism M will be gradually slowed down until the workpiece stops rotating), so that the permanent magnet CT of the motor reduction mechanism M rapidly slows down and approaches to stop rotating along with the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the motor, thereby rapidly reducing the cutting power generation generated between the motor reduction mechanism M and the coil M1, reducing the power voltage emitted by the coil M1 to about 1V, after about 1V of alternating current enters into the pins 1 and 2 of the rectifier bridge stack a, the direct current power output by the rectifier bridge stack a is reduced in voltage by the adjustable resistor RP and limited in current, and the voltage at the base of the NPN triode Q is, then, the collector of the NPN triode Q is cut off and no longer outputs any level to enter the base of the NPN triode Q3, so that the base of the NPN triode Q3 is subjected to voltage reduction and current limitation through the resistor R5 to obtain proper forward bias current from the positive electrode of the storage battery G to be in a conducting state, and further, the collector of the NPN triode Q3 outputs a low level to enter the negative power input end of the relay J2 (the positive power input end of the relay J2 is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery G), so that the relay J2 is electrified to pull in the control power input end and the normally closed contact end to be open; because one of the control power supply input ends of the relay J of the workpiece locking control circuit is connected with the control power supply input end of the relay J2, and the normally closed contact end of the relay J2 is connected with the positive power supply input end of the motor reducing mechanism M, the workpiece locking control circuit controls the motor reducing mechanism M, and after the workpiece is fixed tightly by driving the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck 9 to rotate clockwise through the rectangular sleeve 41, the motor reducing mechanism M loses power and does not work any more; in the workpiece is fixed, an operator does not need to observe the fixing condition of the workpiece in real time, convenience is brought to the operator, the situation that the motor reducing mechanism (the existing electric chuck also has the motor reducing mechanism) continues to work after one end of the workpiece is fixed tightly is avoided, the hidden danger that the motor, the reducing gear and the like are damaged due to overlarge load is caused, and the problem that the workpiece cannot be effectively processed due to infirm fixing is solved.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, different fixing moments of the workpiece can be set by adjusting different resistance values of the adjustable resistor RP in the present invention; for example, after the resistance value of the adjustable resistor RP is adjusted to be relatively large, even if the motor speed reducer M has a relatively small load (for example, in a state where the three jaws 91 are just driven to contact a workpiece), and the rotational speed of the motor is not reduced to be very small, the power voltage generated by the coil M1 is relatively large, but the voltage entering the base electrode of the NPN triode Q through the adjustable resistor RP is still lower than 0.7V, so that the NPN triode Q is turned off, the relay J2 is turned on by the Q3 to be electrified to attract the control power input end and the normally closed contact end of the NPN triode Q to be open, and the motor speed reducer M stops working and no longer clamps the workpiece, so that the fixed torque; when the resistance value of the adjustable resistor RP is adjusted to be relatively small, even if the motor speed reducing mechanism M is relatively loaded relatively (for example, in a state where the three jaws 91 are driven to be in contact with and firmly clamp a workpiece), when the rotation speed of the motor is reduced to be small, the power voltage sent by the coil M1 is relatively small, but the voltage entering the base electrode of the NPN triode Q through the adjustable resistor RP is just lower than 0.7V, the NPN triode Q is cut off, the Q3 is conducted, the relay J2 is electrified to attract the control power input end and the normally closed contact end to be open, the motor speed reducing mechanism M stops working and does not clamp the workpiece any more, and thus the fixed torque of the workpiece is relatively large.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, before the workpiece is removed or replaced, the operator presses the second key of the piano type power switch S, so that no operation is performed, and after the power input terminal 1 of the piano type power switch S is communicated with the second power output terminal 3, the workpiece release control circuit is in an electrified working state. After the workpiece loosening control circuit is powered on to work, the anode of a 24V power supply is subjected to voltage reduction and current limitation through a resistor R3 to charge an electrolytic capacitor C2, and when the electrolytic capacitor C2 is not fully charged within 6 seconds at the beginning, the voltage reduction and current limitation are carried out through resistors R3 and R4 to enter the base voltage of an NPN triode Q2, wherein the base voltage is lower than 0.7V, so that the MPN triode Q2 is in a cut-off state, and a relay J1 is in a power-off state, and two control power supply input ends and two normally closed contact ends are respectively closed; because two control power supply input ends of the relay J1 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery G, and two normally closed power supply output ends of the relay J1 are respectively connected with the negative and positive power supply input ends of the motor reducing mechanism M through leads, the motor reducing mechanism M can work by electrifying at the moment, the power output shaft of the motor reducing mechanism M drives the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck 9 to rotate anticlockwise through the rectangular sleeve 41, and then the three clamping jaws 91 are slowly loosened under the action of other parts of the manual chuck 9 and do not clamp one end of a workpiece any more; after 6 seconds, when the electrolytic capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage is reduced and limited by the resistors R3 and R4, the current is fed into the base electrode of the NPN triode Q2, the voltage is higher than 0.7V, then the MPN triode Q2 is in a conducting state, the collector electrode of the MPN triode Q2 outputs low level and enters the negative power input end of the relay J1 (the positive power input end of the relay J1 is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery G), and then the relay J1 is electrified to attract the two control power input ends and the two normally closed contact ends of the relay J1; because the two normally closed power supply output ends of the relay J1 are respectively connected with the negative and positive power supply input ends of the motor speed reducing mechanism M through leads, after 6 seconds, the motor speed reducing mechanism M loses power and does not work any more to complete a workpiece loosening process, and at the moment, an operator can take out the workpiece. In the application of the invention, when the motor reducing mechanism or the control circuit is in failure, an operator firstly takes down the motor reducing mechanism M, and the manual operation can be recovered by inserting the rectangular sleeve at the lower end of the operating wrench of the existing manual chuck into the upper end sleeve opening of the umbrella-shaped pinion of the manual chuck 9 through the outer layer of the cylindrical sleeve shell and the upper and lower openings of the inner layer. The invention has simple and compact structure, can be directly installed on the manual chuck for use without any modification, can also ensure the normal manual operation of the manual chuck, can use the manual chuck to fix a workpiece after a fault occurs, has the advantages of the electric chuck and the manual chuck, is more reliable in work, can automatically stop working after tightly fixing the workpiece, and brings convenience to operators and improves the working efficiency on the premise of ensuring the effective fixation of the workpiece.

In fig. 2, relays J1, J2, J are model pinolen DC24V relays having two power inputs, two control power inputs, two normally closed contact ends, two normally open contact ends; the electrolytic capacitors C, C1 and C2 are respectively 470 muF/25V, 4.7 muF/25V and 4.7 muF/25V; the resistances of the resistors R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are 1.16M, 470K, 1.16M, 470K and 100K respectively; the specification of the adjustable resistor RP is 2M; the models of the NPN triode Q, Q3, the Q1 and the Q2 are 9014, 9013 and 9013 respectively. The rectifier bridge stack is of type A, KBP 307.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A work piece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerical control lathes comprises a storage battery, a charging socket, a power switch and a motor speed reducing mechanism, and is characterized by also comprising an annular metal casing, a work piece locking control circuit, a work piece loosening control circuit and a work piece fixing torque detection circuit; the motor speed reducing mechanism is fixedly arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing; the inner diameter of the inner layer of the metal casing is larger than the outer diameter of the manual chuck, a plurality of screw seats aligned in position are arranged between the middle outer layer and the inner layer of the metal casing at intervals, a locking screw is screwed into each screw seat, and the inner layer of the metal casing is sleeved at the outer end of the manual chuck; the lower end of a power output shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is provided with a rectangular sleeve, and the rectangular sleeve is inserted into a rectangular sleeve hole at the upper end of the bevel gear of the manual chuck through a lower opening hole of the metal sleeve shell; the upper end of an internal motor rotating shaft of the motor speed reducing mechanism is sleeved with an annular permanent magnet, and an annular power generation coil is arranged at the upper end of the motor shell, which is positioned outside the annular permanent magnet; the storage battery, the charging socket, the power switch, the workpiece locking control circuit, the workpiece loosening control circuit and the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit are arranged in an element box, and the element box is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the metal casing; the positive pole of the storage battery is connected with the inlet end of the power switch through a lead, and the two outlet ends of the power switch and the negative pole of the storage battery are respectively connected with the two power input ends of the workpiece locking control circuit, the workpiece loosening control circuit and the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit through leads; the two ends of the power supply output of the workpiece locking control circuit and the two ends of the power supply output of the workpiece loosening control circuit are respectively connected with the positive and negative poles and the positive and negative poles of the motor reducing mechanism through leads; the signal input end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the control signal output end of the workpiece locking control circuit through a lead, and the signal output end of the workpiece fixed torque detection circuit is connected with the positive power supply input end of the motor speed reducing mechanism through a lead.

2. The workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerically controlled lathes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power switch has two buttons, one power input terminal and two power output terminals.

3. The workpiece chuck device suitable for various manual chuck numerically controlled lathes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the motor reduction mechanism is a dc motor gear reduction mechanism.

4. The workpiece chuck device for various manual chuck numerically controlled lathes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the workpiece locking control circuit and the workpiece releasing control circuit each comprise a resistor, a relay, an electrolytic capacitor and an NPN transistor, and are connected by wiring to the circuit board, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected to the positive power input terminal and the positive control power input terminal of the relay, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the electrolytic capacitor and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the negative power input terminal of the relay, and the negative electrode of the electrolytic capacitor is connected to the emitter of the NPN transistor and the negative control power input terminal of the relay.

5. The workpiece chuck device for various manual chuck numerically controlled lathes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the workpiece fixing torque detection circuit comprises a bridge rectifier, an electrolytic capacitor, an adjustable resistor, two NPN triodes, and a relay, which are connected via a circuit board, wherein the bridge rectifier has a positive power output terminal 3 connected to a positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor and one terminal of the adjustable resistor, one terminal of the resistor is connected to a positive power input terminal of the relay, a negative power output terminal 4 connected to a negative terminal of the electrolytic capacitor and two NPN triodes emitters, the other terminal of the adjustable resistor is connected to a base of the first NPN triode, a collector of the first NPN triode is connected to a base of the second NPN triode and the other terminal of the resistor, and the collector of the second triode is connected to a negative power input terminal of the relay.