CN110892121B

CN110892121B - Covering for a building wall with at least two plate-shaped structural elements

Info

Publication number: CN110892121B
Application number: CN201880039166.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温弗里德·史托克
Original assignee: Wen FulideShituoke
Current assignee: Wen FulideShituoke
Priority date: 2017-06-12
Filing date: 2018-06-11
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-11
Also published as: US20200095778A1; WO2018229015A1; EP3415701A1; CN110892121A; EP3638862A1

Abstract

A cover plate (1) and a building wall (2) with a cover plate (1) are described, wherein the cover plate (1) has at least two plate-like structural elements (3a,3b), the upper and lower sides (4,5) of which are arranged at least largely parallel to the building wall (2). The plate-shaped structural element (3a,3b) is fixed to the building at a distance from the building wall (2) by means of at least one support element (8). The described technical solution is distinguished in that at least one of the narrow side faces (6) of the respective plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) is arranged obliquely between the upper and lower sides (4,5) of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) and in that the two plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the oblique narrow side faces (6) of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) are arranged parallel to one another in a planar manner and overlap at least in sections in an overlap region (9).

Description

Covering for a building wall with at least two plate-shaped structural elements

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cover plate for a building wall, comprising at least two plate-shaped structural elements.

Background

The plate-shaped construction element with its upper side, which accordingly forms the visible surface, is arranged with its rear side largely parallel to the building wall and is fixed at the building at a distance from the building wall by means of at least one support element.

In order to cover or shade buildings, in particular the outer walls thereof, a large number of correspondingly differently embodied shading elements are known, which are usually spaced apart from the building wall and are fastened thereto by means of substructures (unterkenstruktion). With such a trim panel of a building wall, a building facade (Geb ä udefslade) is achieved which, on the one hand, forms a closed visible surface and, on the other hand, protects the underlying wall against weather influences and, at least in many cases, makes possible additional insulation. Furthermore, such a screen element part is used to realize special design elements or to provide special protective layers on the outside of the building.

DE 20312122U 1, for example, discloses a facade panel made of ceramic material for covering building walls. The described facade panels are provided for a rear ventilation curtain wall facade structure and have top and bottom slots into which panel brackets are engaged to facilitate fixing of the panels at the substructure and with it at the building wall.

Furthermore, a facade panel is known from DD 295144 a5, which is particularly suitable for decorating the area of a facade between window openings. In order to produce a uniform glass curtain wall (Glasfassade), the facade panels described have a transparent glass carrier which has a coating on its rear side, so that the appearance of the facade panels is adapted in reflection and color to the appearance of the insulating glass pane of the window.

In order to fasten facade panels to the building walls to be concealed, substructures are usually provided, which are fastened on the one hand to the building and on the other hand with suitable fastening means to the facade panels. One such fastening system is described for example in DE 102012001131 a 1.

Known systems for covering or screening building walls, which are frequently provided in particular at building exterior walls, are problematic in that joints are often present between the individual plate-shaped structural elements, which on the one hand disturb the aesthetic appearance of the building and on the other hand must be sealed in order to protect the wall lying below the plate reliably against weather influences, in particular against penetrating moisture.

Disclosure of Invention

Starting from the known systems for covering or screening building walls and the problems described above, the invention is based on the object of developing a covering panel for building walls in such a way that, on the one hand, a reliable sealing of the wall against environmental influences and the protection associated therewith are ensured and, on the other hand, a particularly visually advantageous design of the building wall is made possible.

The above object is achieved with a cover plate for a building wall according to claim 1. A building wall which achieves the above object is furthermore specified in claim 6. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in the following description with partial reference to the drawings.

The invention relates to a cover plate for a building wall, comprising at least two plate-shaped structural elements. The plate-like construction element is fixed to the building at a distance from the building wall by means of at least one support element in such a way that the upper side of the plate-like construction element, which accordingly forms the visible surface, and the rear side opposite thereto are arranged at least largely parallel to the building wall. According to the invention, it is provided that at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements has natural stone and that the joint or butt edge (Sto beta kante, sometimes referred to as welt) between two plate-shaped structural elements, which overlap at their narrow sides, extends at least approximately in the horizontal direction. In this case, the panels arranged higher up at the building wall extend beyond the panels arranged below them in the overlap region, so that the upper side of the higher-up panels forms a visible surface in the overlap region. According to the invention, the edges of the vertical panels in the overlap region are thus implemented in such a way that, in particular, water is guided from the vertical panels fixed higher up at the building wall across the joint to the vertical panel below. In the region of the joint, the surface of the facade panel arranged higher at the building wall, which surface constitutes the visible face, exceeds the facade panel arranged below or lower at the building wall. The expression higher and lower or higher and deeper arrangement can here be understood with reference to the arrangement of the facade panels in relation to the ground. Due to the special design of the facade panels, on the one hand a particularly narrow seam can be achieved and on the other hand it is ensured that the penetration of moisture and dirt into the region between the edges of the facade panels becomes at least significantly more difficult. In this case, it is important that at least one of the narrow sides or the respective surface of the plate-like structural element is not arranged perpendicular to the plate top side and the plate back side, i.e., that no 90 ° angle is enclosed between the inclined narrow side and the surface of the plate top side and the plate back side.

Based on this embodiment, at least one surface at the narrow side of the plate-like structural element is arranged between the upper side and the rear side in such a way that the inclined narrow side encloses an acute angle with one of the two adjacent surfaces forming the upper side or the rear side, while it encloses an obtuse angle with the respective other surface. It is obviously possible to implement not only one of the narrow side surfaces at an angle, but also to arrange at least one of the remaining narrow side surfaces of the plate-shaped structural element at an angle between the upper side and the rear side. If two narrow sides of the plate-like structural element, which do not adjoin one another, are arranged obliquely between the respective plate upper side and plate rear side, it is also advantageously possible therein that these narrow sides are either in two parallel planes or, however, in planes running orthogonally to one another.

According to the invention, at least one of the plate-like structural elements is made of natural stone. A particularly attractive design of the facade is achieved if the plate-shaped structural element is made of natural stone, in particular of granite, marble or limestone. It is also possible that at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements has at least ceramic or metal (for example aluminum) or, in particular, a composite material, in particular a composite material comprising fiber cement, glass fibers, wood flour, rock wool, plastic polymers and/or polycarbonate.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one coating is applied to at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements. Such a coating may optionally be a suitable surface seal, e.g. made in paint, and/or a functional coating having e.g. special reflective properties and/or being stain resistant.

Furthermore, the invention also relates to a building wall having a cover plate according to the invention with at least two plate-shaped structural elements. At least two plate-like structural elements, in particular vertical panels, are arranged with their main direction of extension, i.e. with their outer and rear sides or corresponding faces, at least approximately parallel to and spaced apart from the building wall and are fixed by means of at least one support element at the building, preferably at the building wall. Advantageously, the plate-shaped structural element is fixed in such a way that an air gap is formed between the rear side of the plate-shaped structural element and the building wall, which makes it possible to ventilate the plate-shaped structural element and thus the covered or concealed building wall. It is obviously also possible to provide insulation between the plate-shaped construction element and the building wall. According to a special development, the building wall according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that an insulating material comprising polystyrene, cellulose, polyurethane and/or rock wool is arranged at least in sections between the building wall and at least one of the at least two panel-like structural elements covering the building wall. It is also possible in principle to provide insulating mortar at least in sections between the plate-shaped structural element and the building wall, which insulating mortar is preferably at least part of the load-bearing element at the same time.

As support element, a substructure is preferably used, which is fastened on the one hand to the plate-shaped structural element and on the other hand to the building wall. In principle, it is possible in this case to fasten such substructures to building walls and/or plate-like structural elements by means of suitable anchor bolts, screw and pin combinations or by gluing. As an alternative to the relative substructure, it is also possible in principle for the load-bearing elements to have at least one adhesive or plaster and for an adhesive connection to be established between the building wall and the plate-shaped structural element. In this case as well, the plate-like structural elements are arranged spaced apart from the building wall.

Due to the oblique and overlapping arrangement of the narrow sides, the individual plate-like structural elements covering or shielding the building wall can be fitted to one another in a particularly sealed manner. According to a particular development of the invention, the joint or butt edge between two plate-like structural elements, which overlap at their narrow sides, extends at least approximately in the horizontal direction. It is obviously possible in addition or alternatively to provide that at least one seam or butt edge between two plate-like structural elements, which overlap at their narrow sides, extends at least approximately in the vertical direction.

It is particularly advantageous if the overlap region is arranged between two plate-like structural elements in such a way that the plate arranged higher up at the building wall in the overlap region exceeds the plate arranged below it at the building wall, so that the upper side of the plate arranged higher up in the overlap region forms a visible surface and the liquid, in particular water, flowing down from above is guided from the upper plate onto the lower plate without penetrating into the joint between the plates. The advantages of the invention are fully utilized here, since on the one hand joints between the individual plate-like structural elements are at least largely avoided and on the other hand a particularly suitable drip edge is formed by the overlapping arrangement of the oblique narrow sides. The liquid flowing down along the upper side of the plate-shaped structural element is thus reliably guided from one plate to the next without this liquid penetrating into the joint. It is clear that the penetration of dirt is likewise largely prevented by minimizing the seam width and that the cleaning of the building surfaces is facilitated, since an at least almost closed surface is provided in the case of the use of the invention.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below without a limitation of the general inventive idea with reference to embodiments by means of the figures. Wherein:

FIG. 1: showing a cross-sectional view of two plate-like structural elements implemented according to the invention;

FIG. 2: showing a cross-sectional view of a building wall with a cover plate fixed thereto in the form of a plate-shaped construction element, an

FIG. 3: a front view of a visible face of a building facade towards a building facade with plate-like structural elements implemented and arranged according to the invention is shown.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows, in a sectional illustration, two plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b which are embodied according to the invention and are therefore suitable in a preferred manner for covering a cover plate 1 or a building wall 2. The viewing direction "a" is directed towards the outside or upper side of the cover plate 1. The design of the two

plates

3a,3b, which accordingly have a relatively large surface area of the upper side 4 acting as a visible surface and of the rear side 5 lying opposite thereto, is characterized by an overlap region 9, in which the obliquely arranged narrow sides 6 of the

plates

3a,3b lie opposite one another between the upper side and the

rear side

4, 5. Such an embodiment and arrangement of the narrow sides 6 of the plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b ensures that the seams 7 running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in fig. 1 can be minimized, so that the regions between the plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b and behind them are reliably protected against the penetration of moisture, against dirt and/or against other environmental influences.

The plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b shown in fig. 1, in particular their inclined narrow sides 6, are embodied and arranged in such a way that the upper plate 3a covers the lower plate 3b in the overlap region 9, so that liquid flowing from above downwards along the upper side 4 of the upper plate 3a is reliably guided onto the upper side 4 of the lower plate 3 b. The wedge-shaped embodiment of the upper plate 3a in the overlap region 9 thus provides a particularly suitable drip edge, which ensures that liquid flowing down along the upper side 4 of the upper plate 3a does not reach the joint 7 or gap between the two

plates

3a,3 b. In addition to the advantage that the regions lying on the rear side 5 of the

panels

3a,3b are reliably protected against environmental influences, a visible surface which is particularly aesthetically appealing is provided in this way, which can moreover be cleaned relatively easily and thoroughly due to the particularly small seams 7 or butt edges between the

panels

3a,3 b.

Fig. 2 shows a detail of an exterior wall 2 of a building in a sectional view, at which

structural elements

3a,3b in the form of plates are fastened by means of substructures which serve as support elements 8. The direction of the line of sight towards the outside or upper side of the cover plate 1 is again designated by "a". According to the embodiment shown in fig. 2, a rear-ventilated facade is provided by the spacing of the plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b from the building wall 2 and the air gap formed in this way.

Likewise, in the case of the design according to fig. 2, the narrow side faces 6 running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are embodied at an angle and are arranged one above the other. The narrow side faces 6 of the

plates

3a,3b extend obliquely between the adjoining upper side 4, which forms the visible surface, and the opposite rear side 5. Due to this arrangement of the inclined narrow sides 6, the narrow sides 6 of the upper plate 3a enclose an acute angle α with the upper side 4 or the respective face, and an obtuse angle β between the narrow sides 6 of the plate 3a and the back side 5 facing the building wall 2. In the case of the adjacent lower plate 3b, this is exactly the opposite, so that the bevels 6 thus formed are opposite and define a constant gap from both sides.

As already explained in conjunction with the description of fig. 1, fig. 2 likewise shows that the design and arrangement according to the invention based on the opposing narrow sides 6 of the two plate-shaped

structural elements

3a,3b forms a relatively small joint 7 between the

plates

3a,3b and the

plates

3a,3b are arranged even at least in some regions in contact if desired and in particular if a facade which should not provide back ventilation is to be provided. In any case, the illustrated embodiment and arrangement of the inclined narrow faces 6 of the

plates

3a,3b ensures that the joints 7 between the

plates

3a,3b and/or the regions arranged behind the

plates

3a,3b are reliably protected against environmental influences, such as precipitation and dirt. Furthermore, a uniform surface is created in this way, which is sufficient at least almost without the seam 7 disturbing the aesthetics and which makes relatively easy cleaning of the visible face possible.

Fig. 3 finally shows a front view of a building facade with a covering 1 or screen according to the invention of a building outer wall 2 or a bounding wall. It is clearly evident that the individual

rectangular standing panels

3a,3b are fitted at least approximately touching, so that the seam is at least very small. This is achieved in turn in that the

respective standing panel

3a,3b has, at its narrow side 6, a surface running obliquely between the upper and

rear sides

4,5, which are arranged opposite one another in parallel in the overlap region 9.

As can be seen in fig. 3, all four narrow sides 6 (i.e. both long and short narrow sides) are correspondingly embodied at an angle, the narrow sides 6 on the opposite sides of the

plates

3a,3b being arranged at an angle such that they lie in parallel planes. In this way, the

panels

3a,3b (which are part of the wall screen 1 according to the invention) are above and partly below the

adjacent panels

3a,3b in the respective overlapping areas 9 along the peripheral edge portions of the

panels

3a,3 b. It is particularly important here, however, that the upper plate of the two

adjacent plates

3a,3b extends beyond the lower plate in its overlap region 9, so that, in particular, water flowing down from above reliably reaches via the overlap region 9 from the upper side 5 of the upper plate 3a onto the upper side 5 of the lower plate 3b, without penetrating into the horizontally running joint 7 between the two

plates

3a,3 b.

The great advantage of the invention is thus seen in that moisture which reaches on the top or visible side of the plate-shaped structural elements which at least partially cover or shade the building wall can easily run down. In particular, dripping liquid from the lower edge of the upper plate into the joint and/or the region behind the plate is reliably prevented. Building walls, in particular exterior building walls, can thus be protected particularly effectively against weather influences and dirt. At the same time, the embodiment and arrangement according to the invention of the plate-shaped structural element makes it possible to realize an at least almost closed top or visible surface, which is interesting on the basis of aesthetic aspects. Furthermore, the at least almost closed surfaces with no or only very narrow seams offer the advantage that these closed surfaces can be cleaned relatively easily and efficiently.

List of reference numerals

1 cover plate

2 wall of building

3a,3b are plate-shaped structural elements

4 upper side

5 back side

6 narrow side

7 seam

8 bearing element

Acute angle of alpha

Beta obtuse angle.

Claims

1. Cover plate (1) for a building wall (2) having at least two plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b), the upper and lower sides (4,5) of which are arranged at least largely parallel to the building wall (2) and which are fixed at the building at a distance from the building wall (2) by means of at least one support element (8), wherein in each case at least one of the narrow sides (6) of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) is arranged obliquely between the upper and lower sides (4,5) of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) and the two plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) are arranged such that the oblique narrow sides (6) of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) are arranged plane-parallel to one another and at least partially overlap one another in an overlap region (9), characterized in that at least one of the plate-shaped construction elements (3a,3b) has natural stone, the joint or butt edge between two plate-shaped construction elements (3a,3b) which overlap at their narrow sides (6) extending at least approximately in the horizontal direction and the plate arranged higher at the building wall (2) exceeds the plate arranged below it at the building wall (2) in the overlap region (9), so that the upper side (4) of the higher arranged plate constitutes a visible face in the overlap region (9).

2. Cover plate (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the plate-like structural elements (3a,3b) has a ceramic.

3. The cover plate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3b) has at least one metal.

4. The cover plate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the plate-like structural elements (3a,3b) is at least partially made of a composite material.

5. The cover plate (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the composite material comprises fiber cement, glass fibers, wood flour, rock wool, plastic polymers and/or polycarbonate.

6. The cover plate (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one coating is applied on at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3 b).

7. Building wall (2) with a cover plate (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, at which the carrier element (8) is fixed.

8. Building wall (2) according to claim 7, embodied as an exterior building wall.

9. Building wall according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the joint (7) arranged between the two inclined narrow sides (6) of the plate-shaped construction elements (3a,3b) runs at least approximately horizontally.

10. The building wall as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that air is arranged at least partially between the building wall (2) and at least one of the plate-shaped construction elements (3a,3 b).

11. The building wall as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that an insulating material comprising polystyrene, cellulose, polyurethane and/or rock wool is arranged at least partially between the building wall (2) and at least one of the plate-shaped structural elements (3a,3 b).