CN110889902B - Three-dimensional modeling method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional modeling method and device, and relates to the technical field of computers. One embodiment of the method comprises the following steps: cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the contour of the three-dimensional object; respectively connecting intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline to obtain outlines of the plurality of tangent planes; and projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes, and dividing triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapped part and the square plane of the difference part respectively. The implementation mode can solve the technical problems of large data volume and inaccurate calculation result.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for three-dimensional modeling.
Background
When a physical commodity needs to be modeled on a three-dimensional object, the current common practice is to scan the surface of the object, record coordinate point information, and then connect corresponding coordinate points to form a plane according to the coordinate point information. And after repeated calculation, splicing a plurality of plane diagrams to form a three-dimensional object outline.
In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
although the existing three-dimensional object modeling method can finish the display of the outline of a real object, the data volume is larger and is not easy to compress because two sets of data sources of a 'point table' formed by the collection of coordinate points and a 'surface table' of a plane collection formed by the connection of all coordinate points are needed to be established; almost all the surfaces are irregular triangular planes, when the surface area of an object is calculated, the calculated amount is large, more accurate numerical values are not easy to obtain, and the precision of the final result cannot be properly adjusted according to the needs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional modeling method and device, which are used for solving the technical problems of large data size and inaccurate calculation result.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of three-dimensional modeling, including:
cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
respectively connecting intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline to obtain outlines of the plurality of tangent planes;
And projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes, and dividing triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapped part and the square plane of the difference part respectively.
Optionally, cutting the three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of cutting planes parallel to each other and intersections of the plurality of cutting planes with the three-dimensional object contour, including:
for each tangential plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
Optionally, connecting the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour respectively to obtain the contour of the plurality of tangent planes, including:
merging intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline onto integer coordinate points of a three-dimensional coordinate axis respectively to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes;
and respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
Optionally, projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes, and dividing triangular planes respectively for the square plane of the overlapping portion and the square plane of the difference portion, including:
for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping part along the direction parallel to the coordinate axis to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axis; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
Optionally, dividing the triangular surface for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively, includes:
defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes;
the triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively.
Optionally, dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces includes:
difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
In addition, according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for three-dimensional modeling, including:
the plane cutting module is used for cutting the three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of parallel cutting planes and intersection points of the cutting planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object;
the connecting module is used for respectively connecting the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour to obtain the contour of the plurality of tangent planes;
the dividing module is used for projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes and dividing triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapping part and the square plane of the difference part respectively.
Optionally, the tangent plane module is configured to:
for each tangential plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
Optionally, the connection module is configured to:
merging intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline onto integer coordinate points of a three-dimensional coordinate axis respectively to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes;
And respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
Optionally, the dividing module is configured to:
for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping part along the direction parallel to the coordinate axis to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axis; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
Optionally, dividing the triangular surface for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively, includes:
defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes;
the triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively.
Optionally, dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces includes:
difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device including:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs,
the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the methods of any of the embodiments described above.
According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of the embodiments described above.
One embodiment of the above invention has the following advantages or benefits: the three-dimensional object is cut, the outlines of a plurality of cut planes obtained after the cutting are projected, and triangular planes are respectively divided into square planes of the overlapping part and square planes of the difference part, so that the technical problems of large data volume and inaccurate calculation result are solved. According to the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction method, all coordinate points of the three-dimensional object are converted into integer coordinate points (namely grid points) with unit length of a coordinate system through a cube grid structure formed by converging and intersecting each coordinate point on a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and all three-dimensional objects formed by triangular faces with the same size are formed through interconnection of each three adjacent coordinate points, so that the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction is realized. The embodiment of the invention can greatly compress the data volume required by the current three-dimensional modeling technology, and can also facilitate the subsequent calculation under the conditions of building the outline of the three-dimensional object, calculating the surface area and the like, and adjust the calculation precision according to the scene requirement, thereby having the advantages of small data volume, high calculation speed, low performance consumption, controllable precision and the like.
Further effects of the above-described non-conventional alternatives are described below in connection with the embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method of three-dimensional modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tangential plane and a three-dimensional object according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the intersection of a tangent plane with a three-dimensional object profile in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of integer coordinate points of a tangent plane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of connecting two coordinate integer points according to an integer coordinate point in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an outline of a connecting tangential planes according to integer coordinate points in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a division of a projection plane into two triangular facets according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a coincident portion and a difference portion of two adjacent tangent planes in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method of three-dimensional modeling according to one referenceable embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the major modules of a three-dimensional modeled device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an exemplary system architecture diagram in which embodiments of the present invention may be applied;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a computer system suitable for use in implementing an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the present invention are included to facilitate understanding, and are to be considered merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method of three-dimensional modeling according to an embodiment of the present invention. As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method of three-dimensional modeling may include:
and 101, cutting the three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangent planes and intersection points of the tangent planes and the contour of the three-dimensional object.
In this step, the three-dimensional object is cut along the same direction, resulting in a plurality of mutually parallel cut planes and intersections of the plurality of cut planes with the contour of the three-dimensional object. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, for each tangential plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object; and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
As shown in fig. 2, taking the Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate as an example, selecting any value of the Z axis as a tangent plane equation, and using the tangent plane equation to "slice" the three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane perpendicular to the Z axis, where the tangent plane is a closed irregular polygon, and connecting the endpoints of the irregular polygon to obtain a plurality of irregular triangles. Each side (or edge) of the polygon (or triangle) is a straight line segment, and coordinate points at two ends of the segment are the intersection points of the tangent plane and the three-dimensional object outline. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the intersection of the tangential plane with the three-dimensional object contour, i.e. a top view of the tangential plane.
Since the surfaces representing the objects are triangular surfaces as shown in fig. 1, the number of intersections can be only three, i.e., 0, 1, and 2, when intersecting the tangential plane. Specifically, taking the example where a tangential plane of z=a (a is an arbitrary real number) intersects with a triangular surface of a three-dimensional object, on the triangular surface, the tangential plane intersects with an edge of the triangular surface to obtain an intersection point. When the triangle does not intersect with the tangent plane, the number of intersections is 0; when the triangle has only one vertex falling on the tangent plane, the number of the intersections with the tangent plane is 1 when the sides of the triangle are not intersected with the tangent plane; when one side of the triangle is on the tangent plane, namely, two end points of the side are on the tangent plane, the number of the intersection points is 2; when any vertex is on the tangential plane and the opposite side of the vertex intersects the tangential plane, the number of the intersection points is 2; when any two sides of the triangle intersect with the tangential plane, the number of intersection points is 2.
It should be noted that, since the maximum value and the minimum value of the three-dimensional object in the Z axis are known, the number of times of cutting the cut plane and the value of the cut plane in the Z axis can be determined based on the maximum value and the minimum value of the three-dimensional object in the Z axis, so that the three-dimensional object is repeatedly cut along the direction of the Z axis and within the interval of the maximum value and the minimum value.
In order to ensure that the three-dimensional object is cut uniformly, the three-dimensional object is cut equally spaced along the direction of the Z-axis, i.e. the distances between adjacent cut planes are equal. The three-dimensional object may also be cut along an integer coordinate point along the Z-axis.
And 102, respectively connecting the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
Since a plurality of tangent planes parallel to each other and their intersection points with the three-dimensional object contour are obtained in step 101, in step 102, the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour are respectively merged onto integer coordinate points of three-dimensional coordinate axes to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes, and then the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes are respectively connected along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axes to obtain the contour of the plurality of tangent planes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate axis are all provided with integer coordinate points, and after the coordinate points are converged and intersected, a plurality of square grids with the same unit length are formed, and each grid point is the integer coordinate point.
For example, assuming that the step size of the square grid is step, one intersection point coordinate is P (x 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ) The intersection point coordinates P are combined to an integer coordinate point Q (x 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) The algorithm for combining the intersection points to the integer coordinate points is as follows:
by calling the method, the integer coordinate point Q (x 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) Wherein:
x 1 ＝mod(x 1 ,step)
y 1 ＝mod(y 1 ,step)
z 1 ＝mod(z 1 ,step)
by cycling through the above steps, integer coordinate points of all tangential planes can be obtained, as shown in fig. 4.
Then, for each tangent plane, all integer coordinate points of the tangent plane are connected along grid points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to form a closed graph, so that the outline of the tangent plane is obtained.
For example, since in step 101, any value of the Z-axis is selected as a tangent plane equation with which the three-dimensional object is "cut", all integer coordinate points of the tangent plane intersecting the three-dimensional object are fixed in Z-coordinates, and the point sets of x-coordinates and y-coordinates are changed. Therefore, when the path connection calculation is performed on integer coordinate points, only the x coordinate and the y coordinate are required to be brought in.
Wherein, the connection rule is: if the x-coordinate or y-coordinate of two integer coordinate points are equal, it is indicated that the two integer coordinate points are in waterOn a horizontal or vertical position, two integer coordinate points are directly connected to form a grid path; when the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the two integer coordinate points are not equal, the two integer coordinate points a (x 1 ,y 1 )、B(x 2 ,y 2 ) Slope k of the wire:
determining the connection direction of a path, and assuming that the positive Y-axis direction is the connection direction, ensuring Y at two points A, B 2 ＞y 1 。
Let the unit length of the cube grid be len, then the next integer coordinate point to be passed on the path connecting line be P n (x, y) as shown in FIG. 5, let the start point P 0 =a, i.e.:
x＝x 1
y＝y 1
then P n The algorithm of (1) is as follows:
resulting in a path as shown in fig. 5: p (P) 0 -P 1 -P 2 -P 3 -P 4 -P 5 -P 6 -P 7 -P 8 。
The above steps are repeated, and connection paths of all integer coordinate points of the tangential plane are drawn, as shown in fig. 6, wherein the square grid unit length of fig. 6a is 5, and the square grid unit length of fig. 6b is 10.
The steps are repeated, and the outline of the section corresponding to each unit length on the Z axis can be obtained.
To this end, the tangential plane drawing required for modeling the three-dimensional object is completed.
And 103, projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes, and dividing triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapped part and the square plane of the difference part respectively.
Optionally, for each tangential plane: for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping part along the direction parallel to the coordinate axis to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axis; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
To ensure that all the overlap and difference portions are taken, two projections are taken in opposite directions. Specifically, a current tangent plane is projected onto a next tangent plane adjacent to the current tangent plane along the positive direction of the coordinate axis, and the superposition part of the current tangent plane and the next tangent plane and the difference part of the current tangent plane and the next tangent plane in the next tangent plane are determined by taking the outline of the next tangent plane as a boundary; and projecting a current tangent plane onto a next tangent plane adjacent to the current tangent plane along the negative direction of the coordinate axis, and determining the superposition part of the current tangent plane and the next tangent plane and the difference part of the current tangent plane and the next tangent plane in the next tangent plane by taking the outline of the next tangent plane as a boundary.
Alternatively, an area of the next slice plane beyond the current slice plane may be used as the difference set portion, or an area of the current slice plane beyond the next slice plane may be used as the difference set portion.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, dividing the triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively, includes: defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes; the triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively. For a square plane, only two diagonals can divide it into two triangular faces, so a direction needs to be specified such that triangular faces are divided for the square plane in the same direction.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces includes: difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
The following description will be given by taking a tangential plane along the Z coordinate axis as an example:
first, the contour of each tangent plane obtained in step 102 is sequentially taken in order of the Z coordinate axis from small to large (i.e., along the positive direction of the Z coordinate axis), and the contour of the tangent plane (i.e., the connection path of the integer coordinate points) is projected onto the next tangent plane adjacent thereto. The projection rule is that the contour projected onto the next layer of tangent plane is discarded if the contour exceeds the contour of the next layer of tangent plane by taking the contour of the next layer of tangent plane as a boundary, and the area obtained after the discarding of the exceeding part is the superposition part of the current tangent plane and the next layer of tangent plane. The specific algorithm is as follows: adding the Z-axis coordinate values of all grid points (integer coordinate points) on the current tangential plane by one time of grid unit length values, and connecting the grid unit length values to form a projection graph; and comparing the contour of the current tangent plane with the contour of the next layer of tangent plane to determine the superposition of the current tangent plane and the next layer of tangent plane.
Then, the integer coordinate points projected into the next-layer tangential plane (including the contour) are vertically connected with the integer coordinate points projected on the current tangential plane, so as to form a plurality of projection planes (i.e., square planes) parallel to the Z axis and perpendicular to the adjacent two tangential planes (the current tangential plane and the next-layer tangential plane). At the same time, the difference set part of the current tangential plane and the next tangential plane perpendicular to the Z coordinate axis is determined.
Finally, a direction is defined in the square plane, and one of the diagonals (for example, the diagonal connecting the upper left corner with the lower right corner) in the projection plane is connected to divide it into two triangular faces, as shown in fig. 7.
According to the method, the same operation is performed again according to the order of the Z coordinate axis from large to small (namely, along the negative direction of the Z coordinate axis), and all triangular faces parallel to the Z coordinate axis can be obtained.
And each tangential plane intersects the projection plane and then the residual difference set part is only needed to divide the square plane into triangular planes according to the unified rule. For example, as shown in fig. 8, the black area is the difference set part, and triangular faces of the difference set part are divided sequentially from small to large in the X-axis direction on any tangential plane, and triangular faces of the second and third … N rows are divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate after the first row is completed.
Repeating the steps to finish the representation work of reconstructing the whole three-dimensional object model by using the triangular surface.
The embodiment of the invention needs to divide the square plane into two triangular planes with the same size because: the number of the points required for forming the plane is 3, and then a new triangular surface can be formed again through the fourth point and one side and two end points of the triangle, so that the data compression capability can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the situation that the unique graph can be formed only by determining the sequence among multiple points when the graph is formed on four sides or more than four sides can be avoided.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the object outline is built only through the coordinate point set, the data volume is small, the algorithm is simple, the operation speed is better, the operation performance requirement is smaller, and the modeling operation is convenient. The areas of the triangular surfaces are fixed, the unit length of the grid is a, the number of the triangular surfaces is n, and the surface area of the three-dimensional object
This is very convenient for calculation of the surface area of the object. The unit length can be defined by self according to the required precision requirement, and the precision is ensured to be controllable.
According to the various embodiments described above, it can be seen that the present invention solves the problems of large data size and inaccurate calculation results by the technical means of cutting a three-dimensional object, projecting the profiles of a plurality of cut planes obtained after cutting, and dividing triangular surfaces for the square plane of the overlapping portion and the square plane of the difference portion, respectively. According to the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction method, all coordinate points of the three-dimensional object are converted into integer coordinate points (namely grid points) with unit length of a coordinate system through a cube grid structure formed by converging and intersecting each coordinate point on a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and all three-dimensional objects formed by triangular faces with the same size are formed through interconnection of each three adjacent coordinate points, so that the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction is realized. The embodiment of the invention can greatly compress the data volume required by the current three-dimensional modeling technology, and can also facilitate the subsequent calculation under the conditions of building the outline of the three-dimensional object, calculating the surface area and the like, and adjust the calculation precision according to the scene requirement, thereby having the advantages of small data volume, high calculation speed, low performance consumption, controllable precision and the like.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method of three-dimensional modeling according to another referenceable embodiment of the invention, which may specifically include:
step 901, selecting any value of a Z coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
step 902, repeating step 901 along the direction of the Z coordinate axis, thereby obtaining a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the three-dimensional object outline;
step 903, merging the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour onto integer coordinate points of a three-dimensional coordinate axis, respectively, to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes;
step 904, respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes;
step 905, projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane along the positive direction of the Z coordinate axis, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping part along the direction parallel to the Z coordinate axis to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axis;
Step 906, repeating step 905 along the positive direction of the Z coordinate axis until all projection planes parallel to the Z coordinate axis and all difference set parts perpendicular to the Z coordinate axis are obtained;
step 907, defining a direction in a square plane, connecting a diagonal line of the square plane, and dividing a triangular surface for the projection plane according to the defined direction;
step 908, dividing triangular surfaces of the difference set part in turn along the positive direction of the X-axis coordinate in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z-axis according to the direction specified in step 907;
step 909, dividing the difference set portion into triangular surfaces in turn along the positive direction of the Y-axis coordinate in the tangential plane perpendicular to the Z-axis in the direction specified in step 907.
In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the implementation of the three-dimensional modeling method described above, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated here.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of main modules of a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 10, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1000 includes a tangent plane module 1001, a connection module 1002, and a division module 1003. The three-dimensional object is cut by the tangent plane module, so that a plurality of tangent planes which are parallel to each other and intersection points of the tangent planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object are obtained; the connection module 1002 connects the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour respectively, so as to obtain the contour of the plurality of tangent planes; the dividing module 1003 projects the outlines of the plurality of tangential planes, and divides triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapping portion and the square plane of the difference portion, respectively.
Optionally, the tangent plane module 1001, for each tangent plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object; and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
Optionally, the connection module 1002 merges the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour onto integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis, to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes; and respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
Optionally, the partitioning module 1003, for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping part along the direction parallel to the coordinate axis to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axis; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
Optionally, dividing the triangular surface for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively, includes:
defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes;
the triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively.
Optionally, dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces includes:
difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
According to the various embodiments described above, it can be seen that the present invention solves the problems of large data size and inaccurate calculation results by the technical means of cutting a three-dimensional object, projecting the profiles of a plurality of cut planes obtained after cutting, and dividing triangular surfaces for the square plane of the overlapping portion and the square plane of the difference portion, respectively. According to the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction method, all coordinate points of the three-dimensional object are converted into integer coordinate points (namely grid points) with unit length of a coordinate system through a cube grid structure formed by converging and intersecting each coordinate point on a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and all three-dimensional objects formed by triangular faces with the same size are formed through interconnection of each three adjacent coordinate points, so that the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction is realized. The embodiment of the invention can greatly compress the data volume required by the current three-dimensional modeling technology, and can also facilitate the subsequent calculation under the conditions of building the outline of the three-dimensional object, calculating the surface area and the like, and adjust the calculation precision according to the scene requirement, thereby having the advantages of small data volume, high calculation speed, low performance consumption, controllable precision and the like.
The implementation of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present invention is described in detail in the above-described three-dimensional modeling method, and thus, the description thereof will not be repeated here.
FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary system architecture 1100 of a three-dimensional modeling method or apparatus to which embodiments of the present invention may be applied.
As shown in fig. 11, system architecture 1100 may include terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103, a network 1104, and a server 1105. Network 1104 is the medium used to provide communication links between terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103 and server 1105. Network 1104 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, among others.
A user may interact with the server 1105 via the network 1104 using the terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103 to receive or transmit messages, etc. Various communication client applications such as shopping class applications, web browser applications, search class applications, instant messaging tools, mailbox clients, social platform software, and the like (by way of example only) may be installed on terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103.
The terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103 may be a variety of electronic devices having a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, laptop and desktop computers, and the like.
The server 1105 may be a server that provides various services, such as a background management server (by way of example only) that provides support for shopping-type websites browsed by users using the terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103. The background management server may analyze and process the received data such as the product information query request, and feedback the processing result (e.g., the target push information, the product information—only an example) to the terminal device.
It should be noted that, the method for three-dimensional modeling provided by the embodiment of the present invention is generally performed on the terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103 in the public place, and may also be performed by the server 1105, and accordingly, the device for three-dimensional modeling is generally provided on the terminal devices 1101, 1102, 1103 in the public place, and may also be provided in the server 1105.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks and servers in fig. 11 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation.
Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated a schematic diagram of a computer system 1200 suitable for use in implementing an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device shown in fig. 12 is only an example, and should not impose any limitation on the functions and the scope of use of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 12, the computer system 1200 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1201, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 1202 or a program loaded from a storage section 1208 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 1203. In the RAM1203, various programs and data required for the operation of the system 1200 are also stored. The CPU 1201, ROM 1202, and RAM1203 are connected to each other through a bus 1204. An input/output (I/O) interface 1205 is also connected to the bus 1204.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 1205: an input section 1206 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output portion 1207 including a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, a speaker, and the like; a storage section 1208 including a hard disk or the like; and a communication section 1209 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 1209 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The drive 1210 is also connected to the I/O interface 1205 as needed. A removable medium 1211 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is installed as needed on the drive 1210 so that a computer program read out therefrom is installed into the storage section 1208 as needed.
In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method shown in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication portion 1209, and/or installed from the removable media 1211. The above-described functions defined in the system of the present invention are performed when the computer program is executed by a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1201.
The computer readable medium shown in the present invention may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, however, the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with the computer-readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software or in hardware. The described modules may also be provided in a processor, for example, as: a processor includes a tangential plane module, a connection module, and a partition module, wherein the names of these modules do not constitute a limitation of the module itself in some cases.
As another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable medium that may be contained in the apparatus described in the above embodiments; or may be present alone without being fitted into the device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by a device, cause the device to include: cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the contour of the three-dimensional object; respectively connecting intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline to obtain outlines of the plurality of tangent planes; and projecting the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes, and dividing triangular planes for the square plane of the overlapped part and the square plane of the difference part respectively.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional object is cut, the outlines of the cut planes are projected, and the triangular faces are respectively divided into the square plane of the overlapping part and the square plane of the difference part, so that the technical problems of large data quantity and inaccurate calculation result are solved. According to the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction method, all coordinate points of the three-dimensional object are converted into integer coordinate points (namely grid points) with unit length of a coordinate system through a cube grid structure formed by converging and intersecting each coordinate point on a three-dimensional coordinate axis, and all three-dimensional objects formed by triangular faces with the same size are formed through interconnection of each three adjacent coordinate points, so that the three-dimensional object contour reconstruction is realized. The embodiment of the invention can greatly compress the data volume required by the current three-dimensional modeling technology, and can also facilitate the subsequent calculation under the conditions of building the outline of the three-dimensional object, calculating the surface area and the like, and adjust the calculation precision according to the scene requirement, thereby having the advantages of small data volume, high calculation speed, low performance consumption, controllable precision and the like.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives can occur depending upon design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method of three-dimensional modeling of a physical object, comprising:
cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
respectively connecting intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline to obtain outlines of the plurality of tangent planes;
for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping parts along the direction parallel to the coordinate axes to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axes; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein cutting the three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of cut planes parallel to each other and intersections of the plurality of cut planes with the three-dimensional object contour comprises:
for each tangential plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein connecting the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes with the three-dimensional object contour, respectively, results in the contour of the plurality of tangent planes, comprising:
merging intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline onto integer coordinate points of a three-dimensional coordinate axis respectively to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes;
and respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein dividing the triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively, comprises:
defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes;
the triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces comprises:
difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
6. An apparatus for three-dimensional modeling of a physical object, comprising:
the plane cutting module is used for cutting the three-dimensional object to obtain a plurality of parallel cutting planes and intersection points of the cutting planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object;
the connecting module is used for respectively connecting the intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object contour to obtain the contour of the plurality of tangent planes;
a partitioning module for, for each tangential plane: projecting a current tangent plane onto an adjacent tangent plane, and determining a superposition part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane and a difference part of the current tangent plane and the adjacent tangent plane in the adjacent tangent plane by taking the outline of the adjacent tangent plane as a boundary; connecting the integer coordinate points of the overlapping parts along the direction parallel to the coordinate axes to obtain a projection plane parallel to the coordinate axes; and dividing triangular surfaces for the projection plane and the difference set part respectively.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the tangential plane module is to:
for each tangential plane: selecting any value of any coordinate axis as a tangent plane equation, and cutting a three-dimensional object to obtain a tangent plane and an intersection point of the tangent plane and the contour of the three-dimensional object;
and repeatedly cutting the three-dimensional object along the direction of the coordinate axis, so as to obtain a plurality of mutually parallel tangential planes and intersection points of the tangential planes and the outline of the three-dimensional object.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the connection module is to:
merging intersection points of the plurality of tangent planes and the three-dimensional object outline onto integer coordinate points of a three-dimensional coordinate axis respectively to obtain integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes;
and respectively connecting the integer coordinate points of the plurality of tangent planes along the integer coordinate points of the three-dimensional coordinate axis to obtain the outlines of the plurality of tangent planes.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein dividing the plane of projection and the difference set portion into triangular faces, respectively, comprises:
defining a direction in a square plane, a diagonal connecting the square planes;
The triangular surfaces are divided in a predetermined direction for the projection plane and the difference set portion, respectively.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein dividing the difference set portion into triangular faces comprises:
difference set portion for each tangential plane: in a tangential plane perpendicular to the Z axis, triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the X-axis coordinate, and then triangular surfaces are sequentially divided from small to large in the Y-axis coordinate.
11. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to implement the method of any of claims 1-5.
12. A computer readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, implements the method according to any of claims 1-5.
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