CN110888060B - SOC correction method for nickel-metal hydride battery pack - Google Patents
SOC correction method for nickel-metal hydride battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN110888060B CN110888060B CN201911139529.0A CN201911139529A CN110888060B CN 110888060 B CN110888060 B CN 110888060B CN 201911139529 A CN201911139529 A CN 201911139529A CN 110888060 B CN110888060 B CN 110888060B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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Abstract
The invention provides a nickel-hydrogen battery pack SOC correction method, when the current of a battery pack is a negative value and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is lower than the voltage of a single battery platform or when the current of the battery pack is a positive value and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is higher than the voltage of the single battery platform, the lowest voltage value V of the single battery in the battery pack at the time of t0 is recorded_0_minOr maximum value V_0_maxAnd then recording the lowest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is negative or positive after the current lasts for a certain time till the time t1_1_minOr maximum value V_1_maxAnd calculating the voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack in t1-t0, looking up a table to obtain a standard value of the voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack, and controlling the SOC of the battery pack to be corrected towards the upper end SOC standard or the lower end SOC standard according to the comparison result of the voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack and the standard value of the voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack and the size of the SOC of the battery pack and the upper end SOC standard or the lower end SOC standard. The method is simple and feasible, and has high correction accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nickel-metal hydride battery pack SOC correction method.
Background
The nickel-metal hydride battery has the characteristics of high power and high rate charge and discharge, and is widely applied to the fields of hybrid vehicles, AGV trolleys, rail transit and the like. The SOC is the remaining capacity of the battery, i.e. the charge capacity, and is an important parameter of the nickel-metal hydride battery pack. In the application process, a Battery Management System (BMS) generally estimates the SOC of the battery, but the SOC of the battery is always estimated by an error, and after a certain time of accumulation, the SOC error of the battery becomes larger and larger, and the difference from the actual SOC value of the battery is larger, which is not favorable for the judgment of the use state of the battery, so that the SOC of the battery needs to be corrected. How to correct the SOC of the battery so as to make the correction accuracy higher and closer to the true value of the SOC of the battery is a current research topic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple and feasible SOC correction method of a nickel-metal hydride battery pack with high correction accuracy.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a nickel-metal hydride battery pack SOC correction method comprises the following steps:
detecting and recording the SOC of a battery pack, the highest temperature of the battery pack, the lowest temperature of the battery pack and the current of the battery pack in real time in the running process of the BMS, recording the current of the battery pack as a positive value in the charging process of the battery pack, and recording the current of the battery pack as a negative value in the discharging process of the battery pack;
II when the current of the battery pack is a negative value, namely the battery pack is in the discharging process and the voltage of a single battery in the battery pack is lower than the voltage of a single battery platform, recording the lowest voltage value V of the single battery in the battery pack at the t0 moment_0_minAnd then recording the lowest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is negative when the battery pack lasts for a certain time to the time t1_1_minCalculating the discharge voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (1)A long-time playingAnd calculating the average discharge current and the discharge temperature of the battery pack in t1-t 0; when the current of the battery pack is a positive value, namely the battery pack is in the charging process and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is higher than the voltage of a single battery platform, recording the highest value V of the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack at the moment t0_0_maxAnd then recording the highest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is positive when the battery pack lasts for a certain time till the time t1_1_maxCalculating the charging voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (2)Charging deviceAnd calculating the average charging current and the charging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t 0; charging temperature of battery pack or discharging temperature of battery pack in t1-t0The value principle of the degree is as follows: if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is more than 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t0, and if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is less than or equal to 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the minimum value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t 0;
△Va long-time playing＝|V_1_min－V_0_min|………………………(1)，
△VCharging device＝|V_1_max－V_0_max|………………………(2)；
III, obtaining a standard value delta V of the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the corresponding table of the average charging current of the battery pack, the charging temperature of the battery pack, the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack under the upper end SOC reference obtained in the step II, the average charging current of the battery pack and the charging temperature of the battery pack in the t1-t0Charging markIf Δ VCharging device≥△VCharging markIf the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is smaller than the upper end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected upwards to the upper end SOC reference; obtaining a standard value delta V of the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the average discharge current of the battery pack in the t1-t0, the discharge temperature of the battery pack, the discharge current of the battery pack under the lower end SOC reference, the discharge temperature of the battery pack and the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack obtained in the step IIPlay-markIf Δ VA long-time playing≥△VPlay-markAnd if the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is larger than the lower end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected downwards to the lower end SOC reference.
In the present invention, the voltage of the single battery platform, i.e. the rated voltage of the single battery, is generally 1.2V.
Further, the value range of t1-t0 is 1-5 s.
Further, the value range of the upper end SOC reference is 85-95%, and the value range of the lower end SOC reference is 20-30%.
Further, in the step III, the rate of the upward correction of the SOC of the battery pack to the upper end SOC reference and the rate of the downward correction of the SOC of the battery pack to the lower end SOC reference are both 1%/5 s-1%/10 s.
In the step III, the corresponding table of the charging current of the battery pack, the charging temperature of the battery pack and the charging voltage difference of the single battery of the battery pack under the upper end SOC reference and the corresponding table of the discharging current of the battery pack, the discharging temperature of the battery pack and the discharging voltage difference of the single battery of the battery pack under the lower end SOC reference can be obtained through multiple tests in a laboratory, and the two corresponding tables are stored in a Battery Management System (BMS) in advance. The acquisition steps of the corresponding table of the charging current of the battery pack, the charging temperature of the battery pack and the charging voltage difference of the single battery of the battery pack under the upper end SOC reference are as follows: at normal temperature (25 +/-2 ℃), emptying the single battery at a constant current of 0.5C (SOC is 0%), standing for 1 hour, charging to an upper end SOC reference (85-95%) at a constant current of 0.5C, respectively placing the single battery at each temperature (-35 ℃), 25 ℃, 15 ℃, 5 ℃, 15 ℃, 30 ℃ and 45 ℃) for 4 hours, respectively charging for 10s at currents of different multiplying powers (0.2C, 0.5C, 1.0C, … … and 20.0C), respectively recording the highest voltage values before charging and 10s when charging at the currents of different multiplying powers, respectively calculating the absolute value of the difference between the highest voltage value before charging and the highest voltage value of the charging 10s to obtain the charging voltage difference of the single battery, and accordingly obtaining the charging voltage differences of the single batteries corresponding to the currents of different temperatures and different multiplying powers at the upper end SOC reference; the acquisition steps of the corresponding table of the battery pack discharge current, the battery pack discharge temperature and the battery pack single battery discharge voltage difference under the lower end SOC reference are as follows: fully charging the single battery at a constant current of 0.5C (SOC is 100%) at normal temperature (25 +/-2 ℃), standing for 1 hour, discharging to a lower end SOC reference (20-30%) at the constant current of 0.5C, respectively placing the single battery at each temperature (-35 ℃, 25 ℃, 15 ℃, 5 ℃, 15 ℃, 30 ℃ and 45 ℃) for 4 hours, respectively discharging for 10s at currents (0.2C, 0.5C, 1.0C, … … and 20.0C) with different multiplying powers, respectively recording the lowest voltage values before discharging and 10s discharging at the different multiplying powers, respectively calculating the absolute value of the difference between the highest voltage value before discharging and the lowest voltage value of the 10s discharging to obtain the discharging voltage difference of the single battery corresponding to the different temperatures and the currents with different multiplying powers at the lower end SOC reference, and accordingly obtaining the discharging voltage difference of the single battery corresponding to the different temperatures and the currents with different multiplying powers at the lower end SOC reference.
The correction method for the SOC of the nickel-metal hydride battery pack is simple and feasible, and controls the correction of the SOC of the battery pack towards the upper end SOC reference or the lower end SOC reference according to the comparison result of the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack and the standard value of the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack or the discharging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack and the standard value of the SOC of the battery pack and the SOC of the battery pack at the upper end or the lower end, so that the correction accuracy is higher. The SOC correction method for the nickel-metal hydride battery pack is wide in application range, can be suitable for pure electric constant-current charging, hybrid power pulse working conditions and the like, and avoids the limitation of use scenes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the description of the examples.
Example 1
A nickel-metal hydride battery pack SOC correction method comprises the following steps:
detecting and recording the SOC of a battery pack, the highest temperature of the battery pack, the lowest temperature of the battery pack and the current of the battery pack in real time in the running process of the BMS, recording the current of the battery pack as a positive value in the charging process of the battery pack, and recording the current of the battery pack as a negative value in the discharging process of the battery pack;
II, when the current of the battery pack is a negative value, namely the battery pack is in a discharging process and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is lower than the voltage of a single battery platform, namely the rated voltage of the single battery is 1.2V, recording the lowest voltage value V of the single battery in the battery pack at the t0 moment_0_minAnd then recording the lowest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is negative when the battery pack lasts for a certain time to the time t1_1_minCalculating the discharge voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (1)A long-time playingCalculating the average discharge current and the discharge temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0, wherein the value of t1-t0 is 1-5 s; when the current of the battery pack is a positive value, namely the battery pack is in the charging process and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is higher than the voltage of a single battery platform, recording the highest value V of the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack at the moment t0_0_maxIf it lasts for a certain time to tIf the current of the battery pack is positive at the moment 1, recording the highest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the moment t1_1_maxCalculating the charging voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (2)Charging deviceCalculating the average charging current and the charging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0, wherein the value of t1-t0 is 1-5 s; the value principle of the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in the t1-t0 is as follows: if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is more than 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t0, and if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is less than or equal to 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the minimum value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t 0;
△Va long-time playing＝|V_1_min－V_0_min|…………………(1)，
△VCharging device＝|V_1_max－V_0_max|…………………(2)；
III, obtaining a standard value delta V of the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the corresponding table of the average charging current of the battery pack, the charging temperature of the battery pack, the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack under the upper end SOC reference obtained in the step II, the average charging current of the battery pack and the charging temperature of the battery pack in the t1-t0Charging markTaking the upper end SOC standard value from 85-95%, and taking the value as delta VCharging device≥△VCharging markAnd the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is less than the upper end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected to the upper end SOC reference at the rate of 1%/5 s-1%/10 s; obtaining a standard value delta V of the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the average discharge current of the battery pack in the t1-t0, the discharge temperature of the battery pack, the discharge current of the battery pack under the lower end SOC reference, the discharge temperature of the battery pack and the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack obtained in the step IIPlay-markTaking the value of the lower-end SOC reference in 20-30%, and taking the value of delta VA long-time playing≥△VPlay-markAnd the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is larger than the lower end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected downwards to the lower end SOC reference at the rate of 1%/5 s-1%/10 s.
Claims (2)
1. A nickel-hydrogen battery pack SOC correction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
detecting and recording the SOC of a battery pack, the highest temperature of the battery pack, the lowest temperature of the battery pack and the current of the battery pack in real time in the running process of the BMS, recording the current of the battery pack as a positive value in the charging process of the battery pack, and recording the current of the battery pack as a negative value in the discharging process of the battery pack;
II when the current of the battery pack is a negative value and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is lower than the voltage of the single battery platform, recording the lowest voltage value V of the single battery in the battery pack at the moment of t0_0_minAnd then recording the lowest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is negative when the battery pack lasts for a certain time to the time t1_1_minCalculating the discharge voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (1)A long-time playingAnd calculating the average discharge current and the discharge temperature of the battery pack in t1-t 0; when the current of the battery pack is a positive value and the voltage of a certain single battery in the battery pack is higher than the voltage of a single battery platform, recording the highest value V of the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack at the moment t0_0_maxAnd then recording the highest voltage value V of the single batteries in the battery pack at the time t1 if the current of the battery pack is positive when the battery pack lasts for a certain time till the time t1_1_maxCalculating the charging voltage difference delta V of the single battery in the battery pack from t1 to t0 according to the formula (2)Charging deviceAnd calculating the average charging current and the charging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t 0; the value principle of the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in the t1-t0 is as follows: if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is more than 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t0, and if the lowest temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is less than or equal to 0 ℃, the charging temperature or the discharging temperature of the battery pack in t1-t0 is the minimum value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of all the battery packs in t1-t 0; the value range of t1-t0 is 1-5 s;
△Va long-time playing＝|V_1_min－V_0_min|…………………(1)，
△VCharging device＝|V_1_max－V_0_max|…………………(2)；
III, obtaining a standard value delta V of the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the corresponding table of the average charging current of the battery pack, the charging temperature of the battery pack, the charging voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack under the upper end SOC reference obtained in the step II, the average charging current of the battery pack and the charging temperature of the battery pack in the t1-t0Charging markIf Δ VCharging device≥△VCharging markIf the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is smaller than the upper-end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected upwards to the upper-end SOC reference, and the value range of the upper-end SOC reference is 85-95%; obtaining a standard value delta V of the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack according to the average discharge current of the battery pack in the t1-t0, the discharge temperature of the battery pack, the discharge current of the battery pack under the lower end SOC reference, the discharge temperature of the battery pack and the discharge voltage difference of the single batteries of the battery pack obtained in the step IIPlay-markIf Δ VA long-time playing≥△VPlay-markAnd if the SOC of the battery pack at the current moment is larger than the lower end SOC reference, the SOC of the battery pack is corrected downwards to the lower end SOC reference, and the value range of the lower end SOC reference is 20-30%.
2. The method for correcting the SOC of a nickel-metal hydride battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: in the step III, the rate of correcting the SOC of the battery pack upwards to the upper end SOC reference and the rate of correcting the SOC of the battery pack downwards to the lower end SOC reference are both 1%/5 s-1%/10 s.
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