CN110886738B - Hydraulic cylinder and tunnel boring machine - Google Patents
Hydraulic cylinder and tunnel boring machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110886738B CN110886738B CN201910652845.1A CN201910652845A CN110886738B CN 110886738 B CN110886738 B CN 110886738B CN 201910652845 A CN201910652845 A CN 201910652845A CN 110886738 B CN110886738 B CN 110886738B
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
- F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
- F15B15/2861—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT using magnetic means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are a hydraulic cylinder and a tunnel boring machine, wherein the degree of freedom of sensor arrangement is high and maintenance is easy. The cylinder (2) has a cylindrical portion (2 a). The piston rod (4) slides inside the cylinder (2 a). The sensor device (6) is provided with a sensor body (6a) attached to the cylinder (2), a magnetostrictive wire (6b) connected to the sensor body (6a), and a magnet (6c) that is attached to the piston rod (4) inside the cylinder (2a) and applies a magnetic field to the magnetostrictive wire (6 b). The magnetostrictive wire (6b) includes a first portion (6ba) extending in the axial direction (A) of the piston rod (4), and a second portion (6bb) extending offset from the axial direction (A) and connecting the first portion (6ba) to the sensor body (6 a).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic cylinder and a tunnel boring machine.
Background
The hydraulic cylinder (thrust hydraulic cylinder) of the tunnel boring machine acts in a dust and water flooding environment. Therefore, as the stroke sensor of the hydraulic cylinder, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor is used, in which all the sensors can be housed in the casing of the hydraulic cylinder. Such a hydraulic cylinder is disclosed in, for example, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2015-31298.
In the structure disclosed in the above publication, the following occurs: the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the sensor body is low, and the sensor body has to be attached to a portion where maintenance and security are difficult. In such a case, when the magnetostrictive displacement sensor malfunctions, there is a fear that the sensor replacement takes a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic cylinder and a tunnel boring machine, which have high degree of freedom of sensor arrangement and are easy to maintain.
A hydraulic cylinder is provided with a cylinder tube, a piston rod, and a sensor device. The cylinder has a cylinder portion. The piston rod slides inside the cylinder. The sensor device includes a sensor body attached to the cylinder tube, a magnetostrictive wire connected to the sensor body, and a magnet attached to the piston rod inside the cylinder tube and applying a magnetic field to the magnetostrictive wire. The magnetostrictive wire includes a first portion extending along an axial direction of the piston rod, and a second portion extending offset from the axial direction and extending from the first portion toward the sensor body.
The above and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of a hydraulic cylinder (thrust cylinder) included in the tunnel boring machine of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the sensor body of the hydraulic cylinder shown in fig. 2 in an enlarged manner.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a structure of a modification 1 of a hydraulic cylinder (thrust cylinder) included in the tunnel boring machine of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a modification 2 of a hydraulic cylinder (thrust cylinder) included in the tunnel boring machine of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the description and the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding components, and repetitive description will not be given. In the drawings, the structure may be omitted or simplified for convenience of explanation.
(Structure of Tunnel boring machine)
First, the structure of a tunnel boring machine to which the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention can be applied will be described.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of a tunnel boring machine 10 according to an embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the tunnel boring machine 10 excavates the ground by rotating a cutter head 10A while being supported by a main shoe 16 (shoe) on the tunnel wall in the ground. The tunnel boring machine 10 has a cutter head 10A and a main body 10B.
The cutter head 10A is rotatable with respect to the main body 10B and movable in the front-rear direction integrally with the main body 10B. A plurality of disc cutters 11 are attached to the cutter head 10A. The blades of the plurality of disc cutters 11 are rotatably supported by the cutter head 10A.
A plurality of raker buckets 12 are mounted to the cutterhead 10A. The plurality of rakes 12 individually rake excavated waste slag generated by excavation. The plurality of raker blades 12 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at the peripheral edge of the cutter head 10A.
The main body 10B is disposed behind the cutter head 10A. The main body 10B has a deck support, a top support 13, a side support 14, an upright support 15, and a main shoe 16. A cutter head support member, not shown, is provided on the back of the cutter head 10A to support the cutter head.
The top support 13, the side supports 14, and the upright supports 15 are disposed behind the cutter head 10A, respectively, and have an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall. The top supports 13 are located at the upper part of the tunnel wall, the side supports 14 are located at the sides of the tunnel wall, and the upright supports 15 are located at the lower part of the tunnel wall.
The main shoe 16 has a plurality of shoe shoes 16 a. The plurality of support shoes 16a are extended in the radial direction of the main shoe 16 by the telescopic action of the support jack (not shown). The plurality of support shoes 16a abut the tunnel wall whereby the main shoes 16 bear against the tunnel wall.
The main body 10B also has a plurality of thrust cylinders 1. The plurality of thrust cylinders 1 are disposed between the cutter head support member and the main shoe 16. The plurality of thrust cylinders 1 are disposed between the cutter head 10A and the main shoe 16. Each of the plurality of thrust hydraulic cylinders 1 is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder.
The plurality of thrust cylinders 1 propel the cutter head 10A forward. At this time, the main shoe 16 fixed to the tunnel wall receives thrust reaction forces from the plurality of thrust hydraulic cylinders 1 when the cutter head 10A is pushed forward.
The orientation of the cutter head 10A is controlled by the expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of thrust hydraulic cylinders 1. Therefore, the expansion and contraction amounts of the plurality of thrust cylinders 1 are strictly controlled. A sensor device 6 for detecting the amount of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of thrust cylinders 1 is provided.
The main body 10B also has a belt conveyor 17. The belt conveyor 17 is used to send the excavated slag taken in by the plurality of rakes 12 to the rear of the main body 10B.
During the operation of the tunnel boring machine 10, the plurality of shoe shoes 16a abut against the tunnel wall, and the main shoe shoes 16 are supported by the tunnel wall. The cutter head 10A is pushed forward by the expansion and contraction of the plurality of thrust cylinders 1.
The amount of extension and retraction of the thrust cylinder 1 is detected by a sensor device 6. The amount of extension and retraction of the thrust cylinder 1 is feedback-controlled based on the amount of extension and retraction of the thrust cylinder 1 detected by the sensor device 6.
The direction of the cutter head 10A is controlled by controlling the amount of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of thrust cylinders 1. Thereby, the plurality of disc cutters 11 appropriately abut against the excavation face in the heading direction of the tunnel.
The plurality of disc cutters 11 rotate with the rotation of the cutter head 10A to crush the rock and excavate the excavation face. The excavation slag generated during excavation is taken in by the plurality of rakes 12 and is sent out rearward by a belt conveyor 17 or the like.
(construction of Hydraulic Cylinder 1)
Next, the structure of the hydraulic cylinder as the thrust cylinder 1 used in the tunnel boring machine 10 will be described.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 included in the tunnel boring machine 10 of fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the sensor body 6a of the hydraulic cylinder 1 shown in fig. 2 in an enlarged manner. Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a configuration of a modification 1 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 included in the tunnel boring machine 10 of fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a modification 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 included in the tunnel boring machine 10 of fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic cylinder 1 of the present embodiment mainly includes a cylinder tube 2, a piston rod 4, a piston 5, and a sensor device 6.
The cylinder tube 2 has a bottomed tubular shape. The cylinder tube 2 has a tube portion 2a, a cylinder head (fixed-side portion) 2b, and a rod-side portion 2 c. The cylindrical portion 2a has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction (extending direction of the one-dot chain line a). The cylindrical portion 2a has a first end 2af and a second end 2as that face each other in the axial direction a.
A cylinder head 2b is disposed at the first end 2af of the cylindrical portion 2 a. The first end 2af of the cylinder portion 2a is closed by the cylinder head 2 b. The cylinder head 2b is provided with a coupling portion 3.
A rod-side portion 2c is attached to the second end 2as of the cylindrical portion 2 a. The rod-side portion 2c has a cylindrical shape, and is attached to the inner circumferential surface at the second end 2as of the cylindrical portion 2 a. The inner space of the tube portion 2a communicates with the outer space of the tube portion 2a via the through hole of the rod-side portion 2 c.
The piston rod 4 extends in the axial direction a and has one end 4f and the other end 4s in the axial direction a. One end 4f of the piston rod 4 is inserted into the internal space of the cylinder 2 a. In a state where the piston rod 4 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 2a, the axial center of the piston rod 4 is concentric with the cylindrical center of the cylindrical portion 2 a. The piston rod 4 is slidable (slide) inside the tube portion 2 a. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is extended or contracted by sliding the piston rod 4 inside the tube portion 2 a.
A piston 5 is attached to one end 4f of the piston rod 4. The other end 4s of the piston rod 4 protrudes from the inner space of the cylindrical portion 2a to the outside. The other end 4s of the piston rod 4 is provided with a coupling portion 7.
The piston rod 4 has a shaft hole 4 a. The shaft hole 4a extends in the axial direction a from one end 4f to the other end 4s of the piston rod 4. The shaft hole 4a is located at the axial center of the piston rod 4. The shaft hole 4a may be located on a straight line parallel to the axial center of the piston rod 4.
The shaft hole 4a has a first hole portion 4aa and a second hole portion 4 ab. The first bore portion 4aa is aligned with the second bore portion 4ab along the axial direction a. The second hole portion 4ab is located closer to the cylinder head 2b than the first hole portion 4 aa. Second bore portion 4ab has a larger inner diameter than first bore portion 4 aa.
As shown in fig. 3, a sleeve 8 is inserted into the shaft hole 4 a. The sleeve 8 is located, for example, in the axial center of the piston rod 4 and extends in the axial direction a of the piston rod 4. The sleeve 8 is inserted into both the first hole portion 4aa and the second hole portion 4ab of the shaft hole 4 a. The sleeve 8 protrudes from the second hole portion 4ab toward the cylinder head 2b side.
As shown in fig. 2, the sensor device 6 is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is a sensor that uses the magnetostrictive phenomenon based on the Wiedemann effect. The sensor device 6 includes a sensor main body 6a, a magnetostrictive wire 6b, and a magnet 6 c. The sensor device 6 generates a torsional strain in the magnetostrictive wire 6b, and detects the absolute position of the magnet 6c by measuring the propagation time of the torsional strain.
The sensor body 6a is attached to the cylinder 2, for example. The sensor body 6a is attached to the cylinder head 2b of the cylinder tube 2. The sensor body 6a is configured to apply a current pulse signal to the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. The sensor body 6a includes an ultrasonic vibration detector. The ultrasonic vibration detector of the sensor body 6a is configured to convert an ultrasonic vibration pulse propagated from the magnetostrictive wire 6b into a reception pulse signal of an electric signal.
The sensor body 6a may be configured to detect a time from when the current pulse signal is sent to the magnetostrictive wire 6b to when the pulse signal is received. The sensor body 6a may be configured to detect the distance between the sensor body 6a and the magnet 6c based on the time from when the current pulse signal is sent to the magnetostrictive wire 6b to when the pulse signal is received.
The time from when the current pulse signal is sent to the magnetostrictive wire 6b to when the received pulse signal is detected and the distance between the sensor body 6a and the magnet 6c may be calculated by an arithmetic device (not shown) that receives the output signal of the sensor body 6 a.
The magnetostrictive wire 6b is configured to be torsionally deformed by an applied magnetic field. The magnetostrictive wire 6b is flexible and extends linearly. One end side of the magnetostrictive wire 6b is inserted into the shaft hole 4a of the piston rod 4 and the sleeve 8. The other end of the magnetostrictive wire 6b is connected to the sensor body 6 a.
The magnetostrictive wire 6b has a first portion 6ba and a second portion 6 bb. The first portion 6ba is located at the axial center of the piston rod 4 and extends in the axial direction a of the piston rod 4. The first portion 6ba is inserted into the shaft hole 4a of the piston rod 4 and the sleeve 8. The first portion 6ba may also be located on a straight line parallel to the axial center of the piston rod 4 and extend along the axial direction a of the piston rod 4.
The second portion 6bb extends from the first portion 6ba toward the sensor main body 6a while extending offset from the axial direction a of the piston rod 4. Extending offset from the axial direction a means that the second portion 6bb extends offset from an extension line of the first portion 6ba extending along the axial direction a. Therefore, the second portion 6bb also extends to be offset from the extension line of the axial center of the piston rod 4 or the extension line of a straight line parallel to the axial center.
The second portion 6bb may extend linearly, may extend in a curved shape, or may extend in a combination of linear and curved shapes as long as it extends away from the axial direction a of the piston rod 4. The second portion 6bb is formed of at least one of a linear portion (linear portion 6bba) and a curved portion (curved portion 6 bbb).
The curved portion 6bbb of the second portion 6bb may be a circular arc-shaped portion (circular arc portion). As shown in fig. 3, the circular arc portion of the second portion 6bb may have a radius of curvature R equal to the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 2 a. The second portion 6bb may have a straight portion extending linearly between the circular arc portion and the sensor body 6 a.
The arc opening angle of the arc portion of the second portion 6bb is, for example, 90 °. In this case, a tangent line at the end of the second portion 6bb on the first portion 6ba side extends along the axial direction a of the piston rod 4 (along the axial center of the piston rod 4). A tangent line of the second portion 6bb at the end on the sensor body 6a side extends in a perpendicular direction (radial direction) to the axial direction a.
The arc expansion angle of the arc portion of the second portion 6bb may be 90 ° or less, or 90 ° or more. The arc portion of the second portion 6bb may have a radius of curvature R equal to or larger than the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 2a, or may have a radius of curvature R equal to or smaller than the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 2 a.
The arc portion of the second portion 6bb may have a radius of curvature equal to the radius of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 a. In this case, the circular arc portion of the second portion 6bb is directly connected to the sensor main body 6a without a straight portion.
At least a part of the second portion 6bb is disposed in a bore passage provided in the cylinder head 2 b. The end of the second portion 6bb on the sensor body 6a side reaches the outer peripheral surface 2bd of the cylinder head 2 b. The cylinder head 2b has: a main body 2 be; and an insertion member 9 inserted into an insertion hole 2bf provided in the main body 2 be. The insertion member 9 is inclined from the peripheral side of the hydraulic cylinder 1 toward the axial center. The insertion member 9 has a hole passage 9a, and the curved portion 6bbb of the second portion 6bb passes through the inside of the hole passage 9 a. The curved portion 6bbb of the second portion 6bb of the magnetostrictive wire 6b passes through the hole passage 9a of the insertion member 9.
The magnet 6c is a permanent magnet. The magnet 6c is disposed so as to apply a magnetic field along the axial direction a of the magnetostrictive wire 6b to the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. The magnet 6c is attached to the piston rod 4. The magnet 6c is attached to the second hole portion 4ab of the shaft hole 4 a. The magnet 6c is disposed between the peripheral wall surface of the second hole portion 4ab and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 8.
The magnet 6c may have an annular shape surrounding the first portion 6ba of the magnetostrictive wire 6b in the circumferential direction around the axial direction a. The magnet 6c may be formed of a plurality of magnet members 6c arranged along the circumferential direction around the axial direction a of the first portion 6ba of the magnetostrictive wire 6 b.
The magnet 6c is disposed at a distance from the magnetostrictive wire 6b so as not to contact the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. Specifically, the sleeve 8 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the magnet 6c, and the magnetostrictive wire 6b is inserted through the inner periphery of the sleeve 8. By disposing the sleeve 8 between the outer periphery of the magnetostrictive wire 6b and the inner periphery of the magnet 6c, the magnet 6c is not in contact with the magnetostrictive wire 6 b.
The sleeve 8 is made of a material that passes magnetic flux, for example, stainless steel. Thereby, the magnetic field generated from the magnet 6c acts on the magnetostrictive wire 6b via the sleeve 8.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sensor body 6a is attached to the cylinder tube 2. The sensor body 6a is attached to any one of the cylinder portion 2a, the cylinder head 2b, and the rod-side portion 2c of the cylinder tube 2. The sensor body 6a is attached to the cylinder 2 at a position radially offset from the axial center of the piston rod 4. The sensor body 6a can be removed from the cylinder 2 in a direction other than the axial direction a.
The sensor body 6a is disposed outside the cylindrical portion 2 a. The sensor body 6a is disposed on, for example, an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder tube 2, for example, an outer peripheral surface 2bd of the cylinder head 2 b. The sensor body 6a may be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 a.
The connection portion 3 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to either one of the main shoe 16 and the cutter head support member shown in fig. 1. The connection portion 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the other of the main shoe 16 and the cutter head support shown in fig. 1.
The working fluid can be supplied between the piston 5 and the cylinder head 2 b. By supplying the working fluid between the piston 5 and the cylinder head 2b, the piston 5 and the piston rod 4 slide in the left direction of fig. 2 (direction away from the cylinder head 2 b). Thereby, the hydraulic cylinder 1 performs an extension operation. Thereby, the cutter head 10A advances forward with respect to the main shoe 16 of fig. 1.
Further, the working fluid may be supplied between the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 2 a. By supplying the working fluid between the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 2a, the piston 5 and the piston rod 4 slide in the right direction of fig. 2 (direction approaching the cylinder head 2 b). Thereby, the hydraulic cylinder 1 performs a contraction operation. Thereby, the cutter head 10A is retracted rearward with respect to the main shoe 16 of fig. 1.
As in modification 1 shown in fig. 4, the sensor main body 6a may be embedded in a recess 2ba provided in the outer peripheral surface 2bd of the cylinder head 2 b. Thus, the sensor body 6a may not protrude from the outer peripheral surface 2bd of the cylinder head 2 b. In this case, the cover 2bb may be attached to the cylinder head 2b so as to close the recess 2 ba.
As in modification 2 shown in fig. 5, the sensor body 6a may be disposed on an end surface 2bc in the axial direction a of the cylinder head 2 b. In this case, the end of the second portion 6bb of the magnetostrictive wire 6b reaches the end face 2bc of the cylinder head 2b in the axial direction a. However, the second portion 6bb of the magnetostrictive wire 6b and the sensor main body 6a are arranged so as to avoid the extension line in the axial direction a of the piston rod 4.
(method of detecting amount of extension/contraction of Hydraulic Cylinder 1)
Next, a method of detecting the amount of expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 1 using the sensor device 6 as the magnetostrictive displacement sensor will be described.
As shown in fig. 2, the sensor body 6a applies a current pulse signal to the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. Thereby, a magnetic field in the circumferential direction is generated around the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. On the other hand, the magnet 6c applies a magnetic field along the axial direction a of the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. A combined magnetic field inclined in the axial direction a of the magnetostrictive wire 6b is generated by a magnetic field in the circumferential direction applied by the current pulse signal and a magnetic field in the axial direction applied by the magnet 6 c. Due to the influence of the combined magnetic field, a local torsional strain is generated in the portion of the magnetostrictive wire 6b where the magnet 6c is located.
The torsional deformation is an ultrasonic vibration pulse in a torsional mode, and propagates at a constant velocity on the magnetostrictive wire 6 b. The ultrasonic vibration pulse propagated through the magnetostrictive wire 6b is converted into a reception pulse signal of an electric signal by the ultrasonic vibration detector of the sensor body 6 a.
The propagation time of the ultrasonic vibration pulse (for example, the time from when the current pulse signal is sent to the magnetostrictive wire 6b to when the reception pulse signal is detected) is proportional to the distance between the sensor body 6a and the magnet 6 c. Therefore, when the piston 5 and the piston rod 4 move in the left-right direction of fig. 2 and the distance between the sensor body 6a and the magnet 6c changes, the propagation time of the ultrasonic vibration pulse also changes. Therefore, by detecting the propagation time of the ultrasonic vibration pulse, the distance between the sensor body 6a and the magnet 6c can be detected. This enables detection of the amount of expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 1.
(Effect of the present embodiment)
Next, the operation and effects of the present embodiment will be described in comparison with the structure disclosed in the above-mentioned publication.
In the structure disclosed in the above publication, a sensor rod having a magnetostrictive wire is inserted into a shaft hole extending in the axial direction of a piston rod. Therefore, the entire magnetostrictive wire extends in the axial direction of the piston rod, and the sensor body connected to the magnetostrictive wire is also arranged on the extension line in the axial direction of the piston rod. Therefore, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the sensor body is low.
When the arrangement position of the sensor body is limited to the extension line of the axial direction of the piston rod, the sensor body can be arranged in a narrow space depending on the mounting manner of the hydraulic cylinder. In such a case, when the magnetostrictive displacement sensor fails, the sensor needs to be replaced in a narrow working space, which makes maintenance difficult.
In contrast, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the magnetostrictive wire 6b includes a first portion 6ba extending along the axial direction a of the piston rod 4 and a second portion 6bb extending from the first portion 6ba to the sensor main body 6a while being offset from the axial direction a. Since the second portion 6bb extends so as to be offset from the axial direction a of the piston rod 4 in this manner, the sensor body 6a connected to the second portion 6bb can be disposed at a position other than on the extension line of the axial direction a. This can increase the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the sensor body 6a, and thus the sensor body 6a can be easily arranged in a portion where a wide space can be secured. Therefore, even if the sensor device 6 fails, the sensor body 6a can be replaced in a wide working space, and maintenance is facilitated.
In the structure disclosed in the above publication, the magnetostrictive displacement sensor is incorporated in the hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, for example, in the type in which the hydraulic cylinder has a hook (fastener), a spherical bearing, or the like on the cylinder head side, if the magnetostrictive displacement sensor fails and the hydraulic cylinder is disassembled without being removed from the body, the magnetostrictive displacement sensor cannot be replaced. Further, in the case where the hydraulic cylinder is, for example, a thrust cylinder of a tunneling machine during excavation, it is not easy to remove the hydraulic cylinder from the machine body.
In contrast, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sensor body 6a is disposed outside the cylindrical portion 2a of the cylinder tube 2. Therefore, even when the hydraulic cylinder 1 is a thrust cylinder of a tunneling machine that is excavating, the sensor body 6a can be replaced without removing the hydraulic cylinder 1 from the machine body. This facilitates maintenance of the sensor device 6 as a magnetostrictive displacement sensor.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sensor body 6a is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder tube 2. This makes it easy to secure a wide space for mounting the sensor body 6 a.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the second portion 6bb of the magnetostrictive wire 6b has an arc portion. By bending the magnetostrictive wire 6b into an arc shape in this manner, it is possible to suppress an excessive load from being applied to the magnetostrictive wire 6b, and to extend the second portion 6bb of the magnetostrictive wire 6b so as to be offset from the axial direction a of the piston rod 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the arc portion of the second portion 6bb has a radius of curvature R equal to the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 2 a. This allows the direction in which the magnetostrictive wire 6b extends to be changed from the axial direction a of the piston rod 4 to a direction perpendicular to the axial direction a.
The hydraulic cylinder 1 in the present embodiment is disposed between the cutter head support and the main shoe 16 in the tunnel boring machine 10. As a result, the degree of freedom in the arrangement of the sensor body 6a can be increased even in the tunnel boring machine 10, and maintenance can be facilitated.
In the above-described embodiment, the tunnel boring machine 10 has been described as a device to which the hydraulic cylinder 1 of the present invention can be applied, but the device to which the hydraulic cylinder 1 of the present invention can be applied is not limited to this.
While embodiments of the invention have been described, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example, and not limitation, in all respects. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents to the claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A hydraulic cylinder in which, in a hydraulic cylinder,
the hydraulic cylinder is provided with:
a cylinder having a cylinder portion;
a piston rod that slides inside the cylinder; and
a sensor device including a sensor body attached to the cylinder tube, a magnetostrictive wire connected to the sensor body, and a magnet attached to the piston rod inside the cylinder portion and applying a magnetic field to the magnetostrictive wire,
the magnetostrictive wire includes a first portion extending along an axial direction of the piston rod, and a second portion extending offset from the axial direction and extending from the first portion toward the sensor body,
the sensor body includes an ultrasonic vibration sensor that converts an ultrasonic vibration pulse propagated from the magnetostrictive wire into a reception pulse of an electric signal.
2. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 1,
the sensor body is disposed outside the cylinder portion of the cylinder.
3. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 1,
the sensor body is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder.
4. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 1,
the second portion has a curvilinear portion.
5. The hydraulic cylinder of claim 4,
the cylinder barrel has an insertion hole and an insertion member inserted into the insertion hole, the insertion member having a hole passage through which the curved portion passes.
6. A tunnel boring machine, wherein,
the tunnel boring machine includes:
a cutter head having a cutter;
a support shoe disposed behind the cutter head; and
the hydraulic cylinder of any one of claims 1-5, disposed between the cutterhead and the shoe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018169421A JP7213643B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Hydraulic Cylinders and Tunneling Machines |
| JP2018-169421 | 2018-09-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110886738A CN110886738A (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| CN110886738B true CN110886738B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910652845.1A Active CN110886738B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2019-07-18 | Hydraulic cylinder and tunnel boring machine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7213643B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110886738B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0790490B2 (en) * | 1988-08-16 | 1995-10-04 | 高知県 | Electronically controlled articulated motion mechanism using magnetostriction displacement sensor |
| JPH09229020A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-09-02 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Cylinder with position detector |
| US6707290B2 (en) * | 1996-03-22 | 2004-03-16 | Mts Systems Corporation | Magnetostrictive linear displacement transducer for a vehicle strut suspension |
| JPH09329409A (en) * | 1996-06-06 | 1997-12-22 | Keyence Corp | Magneto-striction type linear displacement sensor, probe for the same, and fluid pressure cylinder |
| JPH10246620A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-14 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Magneto-strictive displacement detector |
| JP2000352298A (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2000-12-19 | Fujita Corp | Tail clearance measuring device of shield machine and segment position/attitude measuring system |
| EP1464925A1 (en) * | 2003-04-05 | 2004-10-06 | Festo AG & Co | Method for the production of an actuator |
| JP6020427B2 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-11-02 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | Gear pump device |
-
2018
- 2018-09-11 JP JP2018169421A patent/JP7213643B2/en active Active
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2019
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110886738A (en) | 2020-03-17 |
| JP7213643B2 (en) | 2023-01-27 |
| JP2020041604A (en) | 2020-03-19 |
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