CN110884620A - Icebreaker for small-sized rivers in northern area - Google Patents
Icebreaker for small-sized rivers in northern area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110884620A CN110884620A CN201911261054.2A CN201911261054A CN110884620A CN 110884620 A CN110884620 A CN 110884620A CN 201911261054 A CN201911261054 A CN 201911261054A CN 110884620 A CN110884620 A CN 110884620A
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- cavity
- driving
- side wall
- water
- icebreaker
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63B35/083—Ice-breakers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an icebreaker for a small river in northern area, which comprises a hull, wherein an excavated space with a left opening is arranged in the hull, a driving cavity is arranged on the right side of the excavated space, a water pump and an engine are firstly started, so that water is sucked into a water tank through a heating pipeline, and the engine can generate a large amount of heat after being started.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ships, in particular to an icebreaker for a small river in northern areas.
Background
The icebreaker is a service ship for breaking ice layers on water surface, opening up a navigation channel, ensuring that ships enter and exit ice-sealed ports and anchor lands or guiding the ships to sail in ice regions, and has the advantages of short and wide ship body, small length-width ratio, upwarp of the head and the tail of the bottom, forward inclination of the tip of the head column, high overall strength, reinforcement of the head and the tail and waterline regions by thick steel plates and dense frameworks, a propulsion system mainly adopts double-shaft and multi-propeller devices above the double shafts, and a diesel engine is used for power propulsion. The propeller and the rudder are protected and strengthened, and when ice is broken, the head squeezing ice layer breaks ice continuously or breaks ice repeatedly in a burst mode during traveling;
therefore, the conventional icebreaker can break ice through the gravity and the kinetic energy of the icebreaker, but when a small river is frozen, the large icebreaker is not easy to drive, resources are wasted by using the large icebreaker to break ice, and the small ship cannot break ice due to insufficient weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an icebreaker for a small river in northern areas, which solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an icebreaker for a small river in northern areas comprises a ship body, wherein an excavation space with a leftward opening is formed in the ship body, a driving cavity is formed in the right side of the excavation space, an ice breaking device for breaking ice is arranged between the driving cavity and the excavation space, the ice breaking device comprises a moving block which is slidably mounted between the driving cavity and the excavation space, a steering cavity is formed in the moving block, a spline sleeve is rotatably connected between the right side wall of the steering cavity and the moving block, a first universal joint is rotatably connected to the left side of the spline sleeve, an excavation shaft which is rotatably connected with the rear side wall of the steering cavity and the moving block is rotatably connected in the first universal joint, an excavator is fixedly arranged on the excavation shaft, a power cavity is formed in the right side of the driving cavity, a transmission cavity is formed in the right side of the power cavity, and a driving device for assisting the excavator to rotate and move left and right is arranged among the transmission cavity, the driving cavity and the excavation space, the power device for driving the ship to move and driving the device to operate is arranged between the power cavity and the transmission cavity, a water tank is arranged on the bottom side of the power cavity, a heating pipeline is communicated with the top wall of the water tank, a water spraying pipeline is communicated with the left side wall of the water tank, a connecting pipeline is arranged on the rear side wall of the water spraying pipeline, a water outlet pipe is communicated with one side of the connecting pipeline, and a water pumping device for pumping water is arranged between the water outlet pipe, the water spraying pipeline, the excavation space, the water tank and the heating pipeline.
Preferably, the driving device includes a crankshaft rotatably mounted on left and right side walls of the transmission cavity, between left and right side walls of the power cavity and between left and right side walls of the driving cavity, the crankshaft extends leftwards into the spline housing and is slidably connected to the spline housing, the spline housing is in spline connection with the crankshaft, the left and right side walls of the driving cavity are rotatably connected to driving shafts in an up-down symmetrical manner, the crankshaft is fixedly provided with a driving pulley in the driving cavity, each driving shaft is fixedly provided with a connecting pulley in the driving cavity, a connecting belt is connected between the connecting pulley and the driving pulley, the driving shafts are further fixedly provided with rollers in the driving cavity, and lateral movement blocks slidably connected to the right side wall of the excavation space and the left side wall of the driving cavity are fixedly provided on upper and lower side surfaces of the moving block in a symmetrical manner, and a driving block which is in sliding connection with the roller is fixedly arranged on one side surface of the transverse moving slide block.
Preferably, the power device comprises an engine fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the power cavity, piston sleeves are fixedly arranged on the top side of the engine in a bilateral symmetry mode, piston rods are respectively and slidably connected into the piston sleeves, rotating blocks which are slidably connected with the crankshaft are respectively and fixedly arranged on the top sides of the piston rods, the crankshaft is rotatably connected with a second universal joint in the transmission cavity, the right side of the second universal joint is rotatably connected with a forward shaft which is rotatably connected with the right side wall of the transmission cavity and the right side face of the ship body, and a turbine which is used for driving the ship body to move is fixedly arranged on the forward shaft.
Preferably, the water pumping device comprises a water pump fixedly mounted at the bottom side of the heating pipeline, the heating pipeline is wound on the engine, spray nozzles are fixedly mounted on the left sides of the water spray pipeline and the water outlet pipe respectively, reset sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the water outlet pipe and the water spray pipeline, reset sliding plates which are slidably connected with one side wall of the excavation space and the water outlet pipe are slidably connected in the reset sliding grooves respectively, reset springs are connected between the reset sliding plates and the reset sliding grooves, water outlets which can be communicated with the water outlet pipe or the water spray pipeline are formed in the reset sliding plates, rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the front side wall and the rear side wall of the excavation space in an up-and-down symmetric mode, reset sliding plates which are abutted to the reset sliding plates are fixedly mounted on the rotating shafts, and the L-shaped block.
Preferably, the top surface of the hull is provided with a control room, through which the entire hull can be controlled.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with a large icebreaker, the icebreaker has the advantages that the icebreaker is small in size, ice breaking is not needed through self gravity, and the problem of resource waste caused by thin ice breaking of the large icebreaker is solved because the small river is thin in icing;
meanwhile, the ice block is crushed by the rotatable excavator, and in order to prevent the ice block from being difficult to break due to insufficient power of the ice block crusher, waste heat generated by an engine is recycled, ice water is heated into hot water, and then the ice block is softened, so that the problem that the engine is easy to overheat is solved, energy is fully utilized, and the ice block is convenient to break.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an ice breaker for a small river in northern areas;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of fig. 3 in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4, wherein for ease of description the orientations described hereinafter are now defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front and rear directions described below correspond to the front, back, left, right, top and bottom directions of the view direction of fig. 1, fig. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention, and the directions shown in fig. 1 correspond to the front, back, left, right, top and bottom directions of the apparatus of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: an ice breaker for a small river in northern areas comprises a hull 21, wherein an excavated space 51 with a leftward opening is formed in the hull 21, a driving cavity 60 is formed in the right side of the excavated space 51, an ice breaking device 101 for breaking ice is arranged between the driving cavity 60 and the excavated space 51, the ice breaking device 101 comprises a moving block 56 slidably mounted between the driving cavity 60 and the excavated space 51, a steering cavity 52 is formed in the moving block 56, a spline housing 55 is rotatably connected between the right side wall of the steering cavity 52 and the moving block 56, a first universal joint 54 is rotatably connected to the left side of the spline housing 55, an excavation shaft 53 rotatably connected with the rear side wall of the steering cavity 52 and the moving block 56 is rotatably connected to the first universal joint 54, an excavator 50 is fixedly arranged on the excavation shaft 53, and a power cavity 35 is formed in the right side of the driving cavity 60, a transmission cavity 40 is arranged on the right side of the power cavity 35, a driving device 102 for assisting the rotation and the left-right movement of the excavator 50 is arranged among the transmission cavity 40, the driving cavity 60 and the excavating space 51, a power device 103 for driving the ship to move and the driving device 102 to operate is arranged between the power cavity 35 and the transmission cavity 40, a water tank 47 is arranged on the bottom side of the power cavity 35, a heating pipeline 43 is communicated with the top wall of the water tank 47, a water spraying pipeline 49 is communicated with the left side wall of the water tank 47, a connecting pipeline 48 is arranged on the rear side wall of the water spraying pipeline 49, a water outlet pipe 22 is communicated with one side of the connecting pipeline 48, and a water pumping device 104 for pumping water is arranged among the water outlet pipe 22, the water spraying pipeline 49, the excavating space 51, the water tank 47 and the heating.
In addition, in one embodiment, the driving device 102 includes a crankshaft 37 rotatably installed between the left and right side walls of the transmission cavity 40, the left and right side walls of the power cavity 35, and the left and right side walls of the driving cavity 60, the crankshaft 37 extends leftwards into the spline housing 55 and is slidably connected with the spline housing 55, the spline housing 55 is in spline connection with the crankshaft 37, the left and right side walls of the driving cavity 60 are vertically and symmetrically and rotatably connected with driving shafts 31, the crankshaft 37 is fixedly provided with driving pulleys 34 in the driving cavity 60, each driving shaft 31 is fixedly provided with a connecting pulley 32 in the driving cavity 60, a connecting belt 33 is connected between the connecting pulley 32 and the driving pulley 34, the driving shafts 31 are further fixedly provided with rollers 29 in the driving cavity 60, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the moving block 56 are symmetrically and fixedly provided with rollers 29 slidably connected with the right side wall of the excavation space 51 and the left side wall of the driving cavity 60 And a traverse slide block 28, wherein a driving block 30 slidably connected to the roller 29 is fixedly disposed on one side surface of the traverse slide block 28, so that when the crankshaft 37 rotates, the driving pulley 34, the connecting pulley 32, the driving shaft 31 and the roller 29 are driven to rotate, and the traverse slide block 28 and the moving block 56 are driven to reciprocate left and right by the driving block 30.
In addition, in one embodiment, the power device 103 includes an engine 46 fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the power chamber 35, piston sleeves 45 are fixedly installed on the top side of the engine 46 in bilateral symmetry, a piston rod 58 is slidably connected in each piston sleeve 45, a rotating block 36 slidably connected with the crankshaft 37 is fixedly installed on the top side of each piston rod 58, the crankshaft 37 is rotatably connected with a second universal joint 38 in the transmission chamber 40, the right side of the second universal joint 38 is rotatably connected with a forward shaft 41 rotatably connected with the right side wall of the transmission chamber 40 and the right side surface of the hull 21, a turbine 42 for driving the hull 21 to move is fixedly installed on the forward shaft 41, so that the engine 46 is opened, the piston rod 58 is driven to reciprocate up and down, the crankshaft 37 is driven to rotate, and the second universal joint 38 is driven, The advancing shaft 41 and the turbine 42 rotate, thereby advancing the hull 21.
In addition, in one embodiment, the water pumping device 104 includes a water pump 44 fixedly installed at the bottom side of the heating pipe 43, the heating pipe 43 is wound around the engine 46, spray heads 59 are fixedly installed at the left sides of the water spraying pipe 49 and the water outlet pipe 22, return chutes 26 are symmetrically installed in the water outlet pipe 22 and the water spraying pipe 49, return sliding plates 27 slidably connected to one side wall of the excavated space 51 and the water outlet pipe 22 are slidably connected to the return chutes 26, return springs 25 are connected between the return sliding plates 27 and the return chutes 26, water outlets 57 communicable with the water outlet pipe 22 or the water spraying pipe 49 are installed in the return sliding plates 27, rotating shafts 23 are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the excavated space 51 in an up-and-down symmetric manner, return sliding plates 27 abutting against the return sliding plates 27 are fixedly installed on the rotating shafts 23, the L-shaped block 24 is slidably connected to the traverse slide 28, and when the traverse slide 28 moves to the left, the L-shaped block 24 is driven to rotate, so as to drive the reset slide 27 and the water outlet 57 to move, so as to close the water outlet pipe 22 and the water spraying pipe 49, and stop spraying water through the spray head 59 to melt ice.
In addition, in one embodiment, the top surface of the hull 21 is provided with a control room 39, through which the entire hull 21 can be controlled in the control room 39.
In the initial state, the excavator 50 is positioned at the rightmost side, the water outlet pipe 22 is in an open state, and the water tank 47 is filled with water.
When ice breaking is required, the water pump 44 and the engine 46 are firstly turned on, so that water is sucked into the water tank 47 through the heating pipeline 43, the engine 46 generates a large amount of heat after being started, cold water in the heating pipeline 43 is heated into hot water, the hot water is sprayed out through the water spraying pipeline 49, the water outlet pipe 22 and the spray nozzle 59 to preliminarily soften ice blocks in rivers, then the engine 46 drives the piston rod 58 to reciprocate up and down to drive the crankshaft 37 to rotate, so that the second universal joint 38, the advancing shaft 41 and the turbine 42 are driven to rotate, so that the ship body 21 is driven to advance, so that when the crankshaft 37 rotates, the driving belt pulley 34, the connecting belt pulley 32, the driving shaft 31 and the roller 29 are driven to rotate, so that the transverse moving block 28 and the moving block 56 are driven to reciprocate left and right by the driving block 30, and the spline sleeve 55 and the first universal joint 54 are driven, The digging shaft 53 and the digger 50 rotate to break ice on the softened ice blocks, when the traverse slide block 28 moves leftwards, the L-shaped block 24 is driven to rotate, the reset slide plate 27 and the water outlet 57 are driven to move, the water outlet pipe 22 and the water spraying pipeline 49 are closed, water spraying and ice melting through the spray head 59 are stopped, when the traverse slide block 28 moves rightwards, the water outlet pipe 22 and the water spraying pipeline 49 are in an open state, and at the moment, hot water spraying and ice breaking are carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with a large icebreaker, the icebreaker has the advantages that the icebreaker is small in size, ice breaking is not needed through self gravity, and the problem of resource waste caused by thin ice breaking of the large icebreaker is solved because the small river is thin in icing;
meanwhile, the ice block is crushed by the rotatable excavator, and in order to prevent the ice block from being difficult to break due to insufficient power of the ice block crusher, waste heat generated by an engine is recycled, ice water is heated into hot water, and then the ice block is softened, so that the problem that the engine is easy to overheat is solved, energy is fully utilized, and the ice block is convenient to break.
The above description is only an embodiment of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an icebreaker for small-size river in northern area, includes the hull, its characterized in that: an excavation space with a leftward opening is formed in the ship body, a driving cavity is arranged on the right side of the excavation space, an ice breaking device for breaking ice is arranged between the driving cavity and the excavation space, the ice breaking device comprises a moving block which is slidably mounted between the driving cavity and the excavation space, a steering cavity is arranged in the moving block, a spline sleeve is rotatably connected between the right side wall of the steering cavity and the moving block, the left side of the spline sleeve is rotatably connected with a first universal joint, an excavation shaft which is rotatably connected with the rear side wall of the steering cavity and the moving block is rotatably connected in the first universal joint, an excavator is fixedly arranged on the excavation shaft, a power cavity is arranged on the right side of the driving cavity, a transmission cavity is arranged on the right side of the power cavity, and a driving device for assisting the excavator to rotate and move left and right is arranged among the transmission cavity, the driving cavity and the excavation space, the power device for driving the ship to move and driving the device to operate is arranged between the power cavity and the transmission cavity, a water tank is arranged on the bottom side of the power cavity, a heating pipeline is communicated with the top wall of the water tank, a water spraying pipeline is communicated with the left side wall of the water tank, a connecting pipeline is arranged on the rear side wall of the water spraying pipeline, a water outlet pipe is communicated with one side of the connecting pipeline, and a water pumping device for pumping water is arranged between the water outlet pipe, the water spraying pipeline, the excavation space, the water tank and the heating pipeline.
2. An icebreaker for use in a small river in northern areas according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a crankshaft which is rotatably arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the transmission cavity, the left side wall and the right side wall of the power cavity and the left side wall and the right side wall of the driving cavity, the crankshaft extends leftwards into the spline housing and is in sliding connection with the spline housing, the spline housing is connected with the crankshaft through a spline, the left side wall and the right side wall of the driving cavity are connected with driving shafts in a vertically symmetrical and rotating way, a driving belt pulley is fixedly arranged in the driving cavity of the crankshaft, a connecting belt pulley is fixedly arranged in the driving cavity of each driving shaft, a connecting belt is connected between the connecting belt pulley and the driving belt pulley, rollers are respectively and fixedly arranged in the driving cavity of the driving shaft, and the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the moving block are symmetrically and fixedly provided with a transverse moving slide block which is in sliding connection with the right side wall of the excavation space and the left side wall of the driving cavity, and one side surface of the transverse moving slide block is fixedly provided with a driving block which is in sliding connection with the roller.
3. An icebreaker for use in a small river in northern areas according to claim 1, wherein: the power device includes fixed mounting and is in the engine of power chamber diapire, the top side bilateral symmetry of engine has set firmly the piston bush, every in the piston bush respectively sliding connection have a piston rod, every the top side of piston rod set firmly respectively with bent axle sliding connection's turning block, the bent axle is in swivelling joint has the second universal joint in the transmission chamber, the right side of second universal joint rotate be connected with transmission chamber right side wall with the hull right flank rotates the axle that advances of connecting, it is used for the drive to set firmly on the axle that advances the turbine that removes in the hull to advance.
4. An icebreaker for use in a small river in northern areas according to claim 1, wherein: the water pumping device comprises a water pump fixedly installed at the bottom side of the heating pipeline, the heating pipeline is wound on the engine, spray pipes and spray pipes are fixedly provided with spray heads on the left sides of the water outlet pipes respectively, reset sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the water outlet pipes and the spray pipes, reset sliding plates which are in sliding connection with one side wall of the excavation space and the water outlet pipes are in sliding connection in the reset sliding grooves respectively, reset springs are arranged between the reset sliding plates and the reset sliding grooves respectively, water outlets which can be communicated with the water outlet pipes or the spray pipes are formed in the reset sliding plates, rotating shafts are symmetrically and rotatably connected with the front side wall and the rear side wall of the excavation space in an up-and-down mode, reset sliding plates abutted to the reset sliding plates are fixedly arranged on the rotating shafts, and L-shaped.
5. An icebreaker for use in a small river in northern areas according to claim 1, wherein: the top surface of the ship body is provided with a control room, and the whole ship body can be controlled in the control room.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911261054.2A CN110884620A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Icebreaker for small-sized rivers in northern area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911261054.2A CN110884620A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Icebreaker for small-sized rivers in northern area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110884620A true CN110884620A (en) | 2020-03-17 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911261054.2A Withdrawn CN110884620A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Icebreaker for small-sized rivers in northern area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110884620A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111927310A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-11-13 | 中国海洋大学 | Polar region ice breaking device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-10 CN CN201911261054.2A patent/CN110884620A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111927310A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-11-13 | 中国海洋大学 | Polar region ice breaking device |
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Application publication date: 20200317 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |