CN110883973A - Cleaning method and granulating method of waste agricultural film - Google Patents
Cleaning method and granulating method of waste agricultural film Download PDFInfo
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- CN110883973A CN110883973A CN201811043563.3A CN201811043563A CN110883973A CN 110883973 A CN110883973 A CN 110883973A CN 201811043563 A CN201811043563 A CN 201811043563A CN 110883973 A CN110883973 A CN 110883973A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cleaning waste agricultural films, belonging to the technical field of agriculture and environmental protection, and comprising the following steps: 1) preliminarily cleaning the collected waste agricultural film; 2) crushing the waste agricultural film after preliminary cleaning to obtain agricultural film fragments; 3) performing oblique friction cleaning on the agricultural film fragments; 4) carrying out high-speed friction cleaning on the agricultural film fragments subjected to oblique friction cleaning; 5) carrying out vertical friction cleaning on the agricultural film fragments subjected to high-speed friction cleaning; 6) rinsing and separating the agricultural film fragments subjected to vertical friction cleaning; 7) conveying the rinsed and separated agricultural film fragments to a compression dehydrator for compression dehydration. The cleaning method can clean the waste agricultural film very cleanly, and greatly facilitates subsequent granulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a cleaning method and a granulating method of a waste agricultural film.
Background
The agricultural film, also called as film plastic, includes mulching film (also called agricultural mulching film) and greenhouse film, and its main component is polyethylene. The fertilizer is mainly used for covering farmlands, plays roles in improving the ground temperature, maintaining the soil humidity, promoting seed germination and rapid seedling growth, and also has the role of inhibiting weed growth. The mulching film technology is popularized and used in a large area from the last 90 th century, and has the remarkable characteristics of storing water, preserving soil moisture, improving ground temperature, prolonging the growth period of crops, promoting the growth of the crops, increasing yield, reducing adverse effects on the growth of the crops caused by natural disasters such as hail, drought, wind, sand, temperature difference and the like, so that huge economic benefits are brought to agricultural production, and a positive effect is played for promoting the sustainable development of rural economy.
However, according to investigation, about 30% of the undegradable mulching film remains in 30 cm-deep cultivated land every year. In the plots using the mulching film for 18 years, the residual quantity of the mulching film per mu is more than 2 kilograms. The mulching films are extremely difficult to degrade under natural conditions and can exist in soil for 200-400 years. The remained agricultural film destroys the physical and chemical structures of the soil, inhibits the growth of soil microorganisms, reduces the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and influences the quality of cultivated land; finally, the crops are difficult to germinate and emerge, the root growth of the crops is hindered, the absorption of the crops to soil moisture and nutrients is reduced, the yield of the crops is reduced, the yield and the quality of agricultural products are influenced, and the income of farmers is greatly influenced.
The problems are more serious because the excessive mulching films and the waste mulching films cannot be recycled in time. However, the waste agricultural films cannot be effectively disposed by simply picking up and burying, and the environment is seriously polluted secondarily by burning on the spot.
In order to fully utilize resources and not pollute the environment, a treatment process for carrying out secondary granulation by utilizing waste agricultural films is developed at present. The waste agricultural film contains a large amount of impurities, so that the waste agricultural film is particularly important to be cleaned during recycling treatment, and even the quality of subsequently manufactured plastic particles is directly influenced. In the prior art, the broken plastic particles are usually cleaned by friction once, and as a result, the attachments cannot be completely and effectively removed, so that the quality of the recycled plastic is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for cleaning waste agricultural films and a method for granulating the waste agricultural films by using the method for cleaning the waste agricultural films.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a cleaning method of waste agricultural films comprises the following steps:
1) preliminarily cleaning the collected waste agricultural film to remove impurities with larger volume;
2) conveying the waste agricultural film after preliminary cleaning to a crusher through a feeding machine for crushing to obtain agricultural film fragments; the discharge end of the feeding machine is positioned above a feed hopper of the crusher;
3) conveying the agricultural film fragments to an oblique friction cleaning machine through a first belt conveying mechanism for oblique friction cleaning; the feeding end of a first conveyor belt of the first belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the first conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the oblique friction cleaning machine;
4) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to oblique friction cleaning to a high-speed friction cleaning machine through a second belt conveying mechanism for high-speed friction cleaning; the feeding end of a second conveyor belt of the second belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the second conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine;
5) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to high-speed friction cleaning to a vertical friction cleaning machine through a third belt conveying mechanism to perform vertical friction cleaning; the feeding end of a third conveyor belt of the third belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine, and the discharge end of the third conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the vertical friction cleaning machine;
6) conveying agricultural film fragments subjected to vertical friction cleaning to a rinsing separation pool for rinsing separation; automatically lifting agricultural film fragments under the action of a vertical friction cleaning machine, sending the agricultural film fragments to a composite washing separation tank, washing and separating to remove weed leaves, and simultaneously cleaning and discharging sewage for four times;
7) conveying the rinsed and separated agricultural film fragments to a compression dehydrator for compression dehydration; in the step, the cleaned agricultural film fragments are conveyed to a compression dehydrator through a synchronous extraction conveying device to be forcedly compressed and dehydrated;
and conveying the compressed and dehydrated agricultural film fragments to a synchronous collecting and conveying device, scattering the fragments while conveying the fragments to a buffer storage and stacking bin, and waiting for extrusion and granulation.
Wherein, the synchronous extraction conveying device is selected from a synchronous belt conveyor and/or a synchronous wheel conveyor; the synchronous gathering and conveying device is optionally a synchronous belt conveyor and/or a synchronous wheel conveyor.
Preferably, in the step 2), the feeding machine is of a climbing toothed belt structure, and automatically cuts the long-length waste agricultural film while feeding, and then sends the waste agricultural film to the crusher for crushing.
Preferably, in the cleaning step 2), when the crusher crushes the waste agricultural film, water is added while crushing. The crusher is of a wet shearing type, is efficient and double-V-shaped cutter, rotates a warp greatly, has high power, is crushed while watering, and discharges most of soil, sand and stone to a circulating water channel below a production line along a water outlet of the crusher while crushing waste agricultural films.
Preferably, in the step 2), the crushing time of the waste agricultural film in the crusher is 2-3 min.
Preferably, in the step 3), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the oblique friction cleaning machine is 4-6 min. This slant friction washing is once cleaning the blowdown in step, and the material that agglomerates when broken is broken up to silt on the broken waste film of wasing simultaneously, discharges silt to the circulation ditch simultaneously.
Preferably, in the step 4), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the high-speed friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min.
Preferably, in the step 5), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the vertical friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min.
Preferably, in the step 6), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the rinsing separation pool is 2-4 min.
Preferably, the method also comprises a step 8) after the step 7), the compressed and dehydrated agricultural film fragments are scattered and conveyed to a buffer storage and stacking bin through a synchronous collecting and conveying device, and the extrusion and granulation are carried out.
Preferably, before the step 1), a sorting step is further included, specifically, sorting and collecting are performed according to the type, shape and color of the waste agricultural film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. preferably, the method comprises 5-grade sediment precipitation and pollution discharge treatment methods of primary synchronous cleaning and pollution discharge, secondary scattering cleaning and pollution discharge, tertiary cleaning and dehydration pollution discharge, quaternary cleaning and pollution discharge on the crushed materials and quintic forced compression and dehydration, and the obtained crushed materials of the waste agricultural film are clean and have few impurities, thereby being beneficial to implementation of a subsequent granulation process.
2. The plastic granules obtained by granulating the waste agricultural film waste crushed materials pretreated by the method have uniform color, no color difference, bright appearance and good transparency.
3. According to the invention, through the combination of various cleaning methods and the implementation of the whole technical scheme, the recovery pretreatment and cleaning of the waste agricultural film are cleaner, so that the quality of subsequent granulation is ensured; thereby also reducing the cost of granulation increased by replacing the filter screen.
4. The frequency of replacing the filter screen is lower in the subsequent granulation process of the waste agricultural film crushed material obtained by the cleaning method disclosed by the invention, and the consumption quantity of the filter screen is more stable, so that the recycling cost of the waste agricultural film is lower, and the waste agricultural film is easier to realize.
5. The cleaning method has high automation degree and high production efficiency; the related machine equipment can be obtained in a commercially available mode, and industrial batch treatment is easy to realize.
The invention also provides a method for recycling and granulating the waste agricultural film, which is to put the agricultural film fragments cleaned by the method for cleaning the waste agricultural film into a granulator for granulation.
The method disclosed by the invention is beneficial to eliminating white pollution, protecting cultivated land, improving agricultural ecological environment, realizing regional agricultural clean production, being beneficial to recycling waste agricultural films and increasing direct income of farmers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for cleaning waste agricultural films according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described technical features of the present invention and the technical features specifically described below (e.g., examples) may be combined with each other to constitute a new or preferred technical solution. Not to be reiterated herein, but to the extent of space. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Agricultural film
The agricultural film is also called as film plastic, and comprises a mulching film (also called agricultural mulching film), a greenhouse film (also called agricultural greenhouse film) and other agricultural plastic films, wherein the main component of the agricultural plastic film is polyethylene. The fertilizer is mainly used for covering farmlands, plays roles in improving the ground temperature, maintaining the soil humidity, promoting seed germination and rapid seedling growth, and also has the role of inhibiting weed growth.
Waste agricultural film recovery
And (3) uncovering the film at a proper time, or uncovering the film in one piece before the next batch of land is ploughed and the covering film is not aged, recycling the film to the field and the front of a house, spreading and drying the film, removing impurities such as sand, stone, soil, leaves, weeds and the like on the film, folding the film into 10 kg/package and 20 kg/package, bundling and packaging, wherein the bundling and packaging can utilize the waste film with better strength to keep the purity of the recycled film, and then selling the film to a nearby designated agricultural professional cooperative. Transporting the finished waste agricultural films to a waste agricultural film recycling processing workshop yard for pretreatment by the cooperative.
Sorting and pretreating the waste agricultural films to obtain clean materials, and granulating.
The sorting refers to sorting according to the types and the shapes of the agricultural films.
The sorting aims to avoid poor performance caused by incompatibility of recycled materials due to mixing of different polymers, and the sorting according to the shapes of products is to facilitate the smooth crushing process of waste plastics.
The invention is further described below by means of specific examples. Unless otherwise noted, the machine equipment according to the embodiments is commercially available.
Example 1
The waste agricultural film (white) is recovered from a certain tobacco leaf planting field in Liangshan, Sichuan province.
Sorting and preprocessing the recovered waste mulching films, scattering and packaging, and removing obvious impurities and other types of plastics.
The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film comprises the following specific steps (see figure 1):
1) preliminarily cleaning the collected waste agricultural film to remove impurities with larger volume;
2) conveying the waste agricultural film after preliminary cleaning to a crusher through a feeding machine for crushing to obtain agricultural film fragments; the discharge end of the feeding machine is positioned above a feed hopper of the crusher;
3) conveying the agricultural film fragments to an oblique friction cleaning machine through a first belt conveying mechanism for oblique friction cleaning; the feeding end of a first conveyor belt of the first belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the first conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the oblique friction cleaning machine; the inclined friction cleaning process comprises the following steps: the main shaft of the friction cleaning machine adopts a disconnected screw, when the main shaft rotates at a high speed, materials and materials are rubbed with each other, so that the materials are separated from dirt, the materials are separated from sundries, the cleaning purpose is achieved, and the dirt is discharged from meshes;
4) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to oblique friction cleaning to a high-speed friction cleaning machine through a second belt conveying mechanism for high-speed friction cleaning; the feeding end of a second conveyor belt of the second belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the second conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine; the rotating speed of a main shaft of the high-speed friction cleaning machine is higher than that of a main brick of the oblique friction cleaning machine, so that some strong attachments which are not removed in the step 3) are removed, and the cleaning effect is further improved;
5) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to high-speed friction cleaning to a vertical friction cleaning machine through a third belt conveying mechanism to perform vertical friction cleaning; the feeding end of a third conveyor belt of the third belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine, and the discharge end of the third conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the vertical friction cleaning machine; the cleaning box of the vertical friction cleaning machine is arranged to be capable of lifting up and down, the working environment of the cleaning roller is changed by lifting up and down the cleaning box, for example, a semi-dry stirring environment can be kept in the cleaning roller, so that the friction force between bottle pieces is increased; the vertical friction cleaning is greatly improved in the aspects of improving the friction force and increasing the friction action time compared with the inclined friction cleaning, and the cleaning effect is further improved;
6) conveying agricultural film fragments subjected to vertical friction cleaning to a rinsing separation pool for rinsing separation; automatically lifting agricultural film fragments under the action of a vertical friction cleaning machine, sending the agricultural film fragments to a composite washing separation tank, washing and separating to remove weed leaves, and simultaneously cleaning and discharging sewage for four times;
7) conveying the rinsed and separated agricultural film fragments to a compression dehydrator for compression dehydration; in the step, the cleaned agricultural film fragments are conveyed to a compression dehydrator through a synchronous extraction conveying device to be forcedly compressed and dehydrated;
and conveying the compressed and dehydrated agricultural film fragments to a synchronous collecting and conveying device, scattering the fragments while conveying the fragments to a buffer storage and stacking bin, and waiting for extrusion and granulation.
Wherein, the synchronous extraction conveying device is selected from a synchronous belt conveyor and/or a synchronous wheel conveyor; the synchronous gathering and conveying device is optionally a synchronous belt conveyor and/or a synchronous wheel conveyor.
In the step 2), the feeding machine is of a climbing toothed belt structure, and the waste agricultural films with long lengths are automatically cut while being fed, and then are sent to the crusher to be crushed.
In the cleaning step 2), when the crusher crushes the waste agricultural film, water is added while crushing. The crusher is of a wet shearing type, is efficient and double-V-shaped cutter, rotates a warp greatly, has high power, is crushed while watering, and discharges most of soil, sand and stone to a circulating water channel below a production line along a water outlet of the crusher while crushing waste agricultural films.
In the step 2), the crushing time of the waste agricultural film in the crusher is 2-3 min.
In the step 3), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the oblique friction cleaning machine is 4-6 min. This slant friction washing is once cleaning the blowdown in step, and the material that agglomerates when broken is broken up to silt on the broken waste film of wasing simultaneously, discharges silt to the circulation ditch simultaneously.
In the step 4), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the high-speed friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min.
In the step 5), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the vertical friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min.
In the step 6), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the rinsing separation pool is 2-4 min.
And 8) conveying the compressed and dehydrated agricultural film fragments to a buffer storage stacking bin while scattering through the synchronous collecting and conveying device, and extruding and granulating.
In summary, the following steps: compared with the prior art, the cleaning method has the following advantages:
1. the method comprises 5-grade sediment precipitation and pollution discharge treatment methods of primary synchronous cleaning and pollution discharge, secondary scattering cleaning and pollution discharge, tertiary cleaning and dehydration pollution discharge, quaternary cleaning and pollution discharge on crushed materials and quintic forced compression and dehydration, and the obtained crushed materials of the waste agricultural film are clean and have few impurities, thereby being beneficial to implementation of a subsequent granulation process.
2. The plastic particles obtained by granulating the waste agricultural film waste crushed materials cleaned by the method have uniform color, no color difference, bright appearance and good transparency.
3. According to the invention, the broken agricultural film fragments are effectively cleaned by adopting a mode of combining the three friction cleaning methods in the step 3), the step 4) and the step 5), and the waste agricultural film recovery pretreatment is cleaner through the implementation of the whole technical scheme, so that the quality of subsequent granulation is ensured; thereby also reducing the cost of granulation increased by replacing the filter screen.
4. The frequency of replacing the filter screen is lower in the subsequent granulation process of the waste agricultural film crushed material obtained by the cleaning method disclosed by the invention, and the consumption quantity of the filter screen is more stable, so that the recycling cost of the waste agricultural film is lower, and the waste agricultural film is easier to realize.
5. The cleaning method has high automation degree and high production efficiency; the related machine equipment can be obtained in a commercially available mode, and industrial batch treatment is easy to realize.
The method disclosed by the invention is beneficial to eliminating white pollution, protecting cultivated land, improving agricultural ecological environment, realizing regional agricultural clean production, being beneficial to recycling waste agricultural films and increasing direct income of farmers.
Example 2
A method for recycling and granulating waste agricultural films comprises the following specific steps:
1) breaking up the agricultural film fragments cleaned in the embodiment 1 by a homogenizing feeder and conveying the fragments to a forced feeder;
2) first-order granulation: uniformly feeding agricultural film fragments to a feed opening of a first-order extrusion granulator, compacting and melting the crushed materials, extruding the crushed materials out of a column-row neck mold, and feeding the crushed materials into a second-order extrusion granulator;
3) second-order granulation: the materials melted by the first-order extruder are further compacted, plasticized and extruded in the second-order extruder, impurities such as sand, stones and metals in the materials are filtered under the action of the screen changer and the filter screen, meanwhile, moisture and other volatile components are discharged, the flue gas is collected to a circulating treatment system for treatment and is circulated to a sewage circulating water channel, and the columnar materials enter a discharge port of a three-order extrusion granulator;
4) third-order granulation: the material plasticized, exhausted and extruded by the second-order extruder is further compacted and plasticized in the third-order extruder, and is uniformly and compactly extruded out of the neck ring mold to form strip-shaped material.
Cooling the obtained strip-shaped material by a cooling water tank, drying the strip-shaped material by a high-pressure blower, and feeding the strip-shaped material into a granulator under the traction action of a traction device to form plastic particles with the diameter of 2-3 mm; and screening out particles which do not meet the requirement by the automatic screening device, allowing the particles which meet the requirement to enter a filling system, subpackaging the particles into equal-amount packages required by customers, and sealing and warehousing the packages.
The main machine equipment:
the granulating step adopts a three-machine combined special granulator for the agricultural film. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
host computer No. 1: model SJ200F 3; the power is 55 KW; the speed reducer is a state trade tooth surface square box speed reducer, and is provided with an oil pump forced lubrication and oil temperature cooling system, and the flange plate is provided with a heat dissipation process design; the charging barrel screw technology is as follows: a reducing hardening machine barrel with expanding forced blanking, a high-frequency quenching hardening wear-resistant machine barrel, a screw wear-resistant alloy and a lengthening mixing type; the environment-friendly structure is a combined fully-closed structure and is provided with a flue gas collecting cover.
No. 1 host computer environmental protection intelligent heater model does: an intelligent digital high-frequency energy-saving induction heater; the heating inductor is a pure red copper induction coil and a heat insulation magnetic conductivity material; 2, integrating; the heating reserve power/capacity is 140 KW; the actual heating average power consumption is in a range of 40-80KW, and the multi-path automatic adjustment is carried out in a partitioning mode; the combined magnetic isolation protective cover is surrounded.
No. 2 auxiliary engine: the model is SJ150 reverse exhaust type; power 18.5 KW; the speed reducer is a square box/forced automatic lubrication belt for heat dissipation and slag discharge; the screw charging barrel technology is that the depth of a high-frequency quenching hardened layer reaches 5mm, and the screw is provided with wear-resistant alloy; the heater is a stainless steel quartz heater, and the die head is internally provided with a core rod for heating; the transmission is belt wheel transmission; the exhaust is reverse exhaust and explosion prevention, and environment-friendly flue gas is collected in a bin.
The model of the No. 2 auxiliary engine screen changer is 250 × 2 hydraulic drive; the main body is made of alloy plate double stations; the net changing mode is a non-stop net changer; preheating the mould to be built-in heating; the heating technology adopts core heating, and is safe and efficient.
No. 3 auxiliary engine: the model is SJ130 matched with a third auxiliary machine; the power is 15 KW; the speed reducer is a square box speed reducer, forced lubrication is carried out by an oil pump, and the flange plate is provided with a heat dissipation process design; the auxiliary heater is a stainless steel quartz heater; the material rod of the machine barrel is in a high-power compression ratio, and the screw of the machine barrel is quenched and hardened in a high frequency mode.
The model of the No. 3 auxiliary engine screen changer is 250 × 2 hydraulic drive; the main body is made of alloy plate double stations; the net changing mode is a non-stop net changer; preheating the mould to be built-in heating; the heating technology adopts core heating, and is safe and efficient.
Wherein the model of the cooling water tank is standard 4000; the structure is a sliding locking mechanism with a universal wheel and a guide roller; a cold and hot water exchange device is adopted.
The granulator adopts a traction granulator, and the model of the traction granulator is a 220 alloy hob; the structure is gantry type, and the sliding locking mechanism is provided with universal wheels; the power is 3 KW; controlling stepless speed regulation to match with traction extrusion speed; the number of cutters and the material thereof are 24-cutter alloy hobs.
The total set of 8 motors is selected from Chongqing Zhengchang.
Other machine equipment, installation accessories, spare parts/distribution equipment and parts are conventional in the art.
Comparative examples
The waste agricultural film (white) is recovered from a certain tobacco leaf planting field in Liangshan, Sichuan province.
Sorting and preprocessing the recovered waste mulching films, scattering and packaging, and removing obvious impurities and other types of plastics.
The waste agricultural film is cleaned by the same method as the method disclosed in the patent CN 103640104A;
and (3) granulating the cleaned waste agricultural film according to the steps and equipment in the embodiment 2.
The filter screen replacement times in example 2 and this comparative example are counted, and the details are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
The results in table 1 show that when the agricultural film fragments obtained by the cleaning method disclosed by the invention are granulated, the filter screen replacement frequency in the granulation step is lower, and the filter screen consumption is more stable, so that the recycling cost of the waste agricultural film is lower, and the waste agricultural film is easier to realize.
The plastic particles obtained in example 2 have uniform color, no color difference, bright appearance and good transparency by field visual inspection.
The plastic particles obtained in the comparative example are uniform in color by field visual inspection, 5% of the particles have color difference, the appearance is overall bright, and the transparency is slightly poor.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above description, which should be interpreted as a limitation, since modifications can be made to the embodiment and its application range by those skilled in the art in light of the above description.
Claims (10)
1. A method for cleaning waste agricultural films is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preliminarily cleaning the collected waste agricultural film to remove impurities with larger volume;
2) conveying the waste agricultural film after preliminary cleaning to a crusher through a feeding machine for crushing to obtain agricultural film fragments; the discharge end of the feeding machine is positioned above a feed hopper of the crusher;
3) conveying the agricultural film fragments to an oblique friction cleaning machine through a first belt conveying mechanism for oblique friction cleaning; the feeding end of a first conveyor belt of the first belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the first conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the oblique friction cleaning machine;
4) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to oblique friction cleaning to a high-speed friction cleaning machine through a second belt conveying mechanism for high-speed friction cleaning; the feeding end of a second conveyor belt of the second belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher, and the discharge end of the second conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine;
5) conveying the agricultural film fragments subjected to high-speed friction cleaning to a vertical friction cleaning machine through a third belt conveying mechanism to perform vertical friction cleaning; the feeding end of a third conveyor belt of the third belt conveying mechanism is positioned below the discharge hole of the high-speed friction cleaning machine, and the discharge end of the third conveyor belt is positioned above the feed hole of the vertical friction cleaning machine;
6) conveying agricultural film fragments subjected to vertical friction cleaning to a rinsing separation pool for rinsing separation;
7) conveying the rinsed and separated agricultural film fragments to a compression dehydrator for compression dehydration.
2. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural films according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the feeding machine is of a climbing toothed belt structure, and the waste agricultural films with longer lengths are automatically cut while being fed, and then are sent to a crusher to be crushed.
3. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein in the cleaning step 2), when the crusher crushes the waste agricultural film, water is added and the waste agricultural film is crushed.
4. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the crushing time of the waste agricultural film in a crusher is 2-3 min.
5. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the oblique friction cleaning machine is 4-6 min.
6. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the high-speed friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min.
7. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the vertical friction cleaning machine is 3-5 min; and in the step 6), the cleaning time of the agricultural film fragments in the rinsing separation tank is 2-4 min.
8. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the step 7) is followed by a step 8) of conveying the compressed and dehydrated agricultural film fragments to a buffer storage and stacking bin through a synchronous collecting and conveying device while scattering the agricultural film fragments, and extruding and granulating the agricultural film fragments.
9. The method for cleaning the waste agricultural films according to claim 1, wherein before the step 1), a sorting step is further included, and the waste agricultural films are classified and collected according to the types, shapes and colors of the waste agricultural films.
10. A method for recycling and granulating waste agricultural films, which is characterized in that fragments of the agricultural films cleaned by the method for cleaning the waste agricultural films according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are put into a granulator for granulation.
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| CN111468512A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 云南新昊环保科技有限公司 | Waste nonmetal pollutant recycling process |
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Application publication date: 20200317 |