CN110883355A

CN110883355A - Experimental device for drilling of laminated structure

Info

Publication number: CN110883355A
Application number: CN201911210342.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王福吉; 赵猛; 闫建博; 郝佳轩; 仇沈
Original assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Current assignee: Dalian University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-02
Filing date: 2019-12-02
Publication date: 2020-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-02
Also published as: CN110883355B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of research on laminated material cutting devices, and provides an experimental device for drilling a laminated structure. The experimental device realizes synchronous real-time recording of the action process of a cutting edge and a material and the forming process of an interlayer clearance in the high-speed drilling process by installing a high-speed microscopic observation system, and analyzes picture records to obtain the specific size of the interlayer clearance; the cutting force on-line measuring system is utilized to realize dynamic monitoring of the cutting force in the forming process of deformation, cutting damage and the like; the follow-up recovery device is added to effectively recover cuttings, dust and the like, so that green processing is realized. The experimental device solves the problem of the relationship between the interlayer layering process and the cutter vector processing process in the drilling process of the laminated material, realizes the microscopic recording of the high-speed cutting process of the material at the interlayer heterogeneous interface, thereby analyzing the damage generation mechanism, providing guidance for the design and process formulation of the cutter, and providing experimental support for the cutting theory explanation of the heterogeneous interface of the laminated structure.

Description

Experimental device for drilling of laminated structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laminated material cutting device research, and relates to an experimental device for drilling research of a laminated structure.

Background

The laminate structure has been widely used because the properties of two materials complement each other, so that the disadvantages of a single material can be avoided while combining the advantages. In particular, in the aerospace field, carbon fiber reinforced Composites (CFRP) are often used in combination with metals such as aluminum, titanium, etc. to form a laminate structure. The drilling of the laminate is a crucial and most tedious process in the manufacturing of the structural part in order to achieve an assembly connection. At present, the method for machining the final hole by using one cutter at an assembly station at one time is a main machining mode for improving the production efficiency and the machining precision.

In the hole making process, due to the dynamic change of cutting force and the rigidity difference of two materials, a laminated plate generates interlayer separation gaps due to different deformation, the supporting effect of a lower layer material on an upper layer is weakened, interlayer metal burrs are easily generated when metal is on the upper layer, serious problems such as outlet tearing and layering are easily generated when CFPR is positioned on the upper layer, and the precision and the connection strength are greatly reduced due to obvious damage modes. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the gap, chips are extremely easy to enter layers and cannot be discharged in the process of removing the chips to form interlayer accumulated chips, the structural part is often required to be disassembled to remove burrs and clear the accumulated chips, the production efficiency is greatly reduced, and the coaxiality is difficult to guarantee after the assembly is carried out again, so that the original assembly hole making is meaningless. As can be seen, the cutting behavior at the interlayer gap was investigated, and a method of suppressing the gap was proposed to become an important part of reducing the damage of the laminated via hole.

At present, some researchers have already conducted research, and the inventor of the shenyang aircraft industry (group) limited company, namely, the li chu qi et al, proposed a laminated material hole-making interlayer gap measuring device and method, patent number ZL 201610416999.7. The invention provides a pressing force adjusting method for controlling burrs among drilled layers of laminated plates, and the pressing force adjusting method is disclosed in patent number ZL 201610236333.3. However, the existing test device only realizes measurement of the interlayer gap and suppression through pretightening force, and the change of the cutting behavior of the blade at the heterogeneous interface is still blank, and the interlayer damage suppression method cannot be fundamentally provided. Therefore, it is necessary to perform synchronous real-time on-line monitoring on the cutting behavior, cutting parameter variation and deflection deformation of upper and lower plates at the interface, so as to determine the cause of interlayer damage, the expansion form and the mapping relation with the cutting state in the machining process, further guide the formulation of the machining strategy and the design of the blade shape, and realize the low-damage machining target.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior art and provides a laminated material experimental device which can realize the functions of high-speed microscopic observation of a heterogeneous interface, real-time acquisition of interlayer gaps, online measurement of cutting force and follow-up dust removal. The experimental device can realize the accurate measurement of cutting force and material deformation and the synchronous microscopic observation of the action process of the cutting edge and the material in the high-speed drilling lamination process, so that the interlayer damage generation process of the lamination material is observed and researched, and guidance is provided for the interlayer damage inhibition strategy formulation of the lamination structure.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an experimental device for drilling a laminated structure realizes synchronous real-time recording of the action process of a cutting edge and a material and the forming process of an interlayer clearance in the high-speed drilling process by installing a high-speed microscopic observation system, and analyzes picture records to obtain the specific size of the interlayer clearance; the cutting force on-line measuring system is utilized to realize dynamic monitoring of the cutting force in the forming process of deformation, cutting damage and the like; a follow-up recovery device is added to realize effective recovery of cuttings, dust and the like, and green processing is realized;

the experimental device for drilling the laminated structure comprises a laminated drilling device A, a cutting force online measurement system B, a high-speed observation system C and a follow-up recovery device D;

the laminated drilling device A comprises a machine tool main shaft A1, a tool shank A2, a drill A3, a laminated upper layer plate A4, a laminated lower layer plate A5, a clamp A6 and a workbench A7; the machine tool spindle A1, the cutter handle A2 and the drill A3 are sequentially connected and integrally located above a laminated material formed by a laminated upper layer plate A4 and a laminated lower layer plate A5; the laminated material is fixed on a dynamometer B1 through a clamp A6, the dynamometer B1 is installed on a workbench A7, and the laminated material and the dynamometer B1 are connected through bolts; the rotation and feeding of a cutter handle A2 and a drill A3 are controlled by adjusting a machine tool spindle A1, so that the drilling processing of the laminated material is realized;

the cutting force on-line measuring system B comprises a dynamometer B1, an amplifier B2, a data acquisition card B3 and an industrial personal computer B4; cutting force data in the drilling process are collected through a dynamometer B1, collected signals are processed through an amplifier B2 and an acquisition card B3, and finally stored in an industrial personal computer B4;

the high-speed observation system C comprises a high-power lens C1, a high-speed camera C2 and a storage processor C3; the high-power lens C1 is matched on the high-speed camera C2 to realize high-speed photographing in the drilling process, and the corresponding process between the cutting process and the interlayer layering generation is determined by data collection and analysis through the storage processor C3;

the follow-up recovery device D comprises a flexible dust suction pipe D1, a high pressure fan D2 and a chip sorting and recovering device D3; the flexible dust collection pipe D1 is connected with a high pressure fan D2, is integrally arranged on a chip sorting and recycling device D3 and is attached and fixed on a clamp A6, and chips and dust generated in the drilling process are removed in a follow-up mode.

The invention has the advantages of solving the relationship between the interlayer layering process and the cutter vector processing process in the drilling process of the laminated material, realizing the microscopic recording of the high-speed cutting process of the material at the interlayer heterogeneous interface, analyzing the damage generation mechanism, providing guidance for the design and process formulation of the cutter and providing experimental support for the cutting theory explanation of the heterogeneous interface of the laminated structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the entire system.

In the figure: a-laminated drilling device A1-machine tool spindle, A2-tool holder, A3-drill bit, A4-laminated upper plate, A5-laminated lower plate, A6-clamp, A7-workbench, B-cutting force online measuring system, B1-dynamometer, B2-amplifier, B3-acquisition card, B4-industrial computer, C-high-speed observation system, C1-high-power lens, C2-high-speed camera, C3-storage processor, D-follow-up recovery device, D1-flexible dust suction pipe, D2-high-pressure fan and D3-chip classification recovery device.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the description.

In this embodiment, for example, the CFRP/aluminum alloy laminated structure is processed, and the laminated drilling experimental apparatus includes: the device comprises a laminated drilling device A, a cutting force on-line measuring system B, a high-speed observation system C and a follow-up recovery device D.

The laminated drilling device A comprises a machine tool main shaft A1, a tool holder A2, a drill A3, an upper CFRP plate A4, a lower aluminum alloy plate A5, a clamp A6 and a workbench A7. The laminated material is fixed on a dynamometer B1 through a clamp A6, and the dynamometer B1 is fixedly connected with a workbench A7 through bolts. Drilling of a drill bit A3 for laminated material with a feed of 150mm/min at 3000rpm

The cutting force on-line measuring system B comprises a dynamometer B1, an amplifier B2, a data acquisition card B3 and an industrial personal computer B4. The model of a dynamometer B1 is Kistler 9257C, the sampling frequency of the dynamometer is 3000Hz, the model of a charge amplifier B2 is Kistler 5080, the model of a data acquisition card B2 is Kistler 5697A, cutting force data in the drilling process are acquired through the dynamometer B1, acquired signals are processed through an amplifier B2 and an acquisition card B3 and then finally stored in an industrial personal computer B4, and cutting force processing software is arranged in the industrial personal computer B4, so that detailed analysis such as filtering, averaging, maximum value and the like can be realized.

The high-speed observation system C comprises a high-power lens C1, a high-speed camera C2 and a storage processor C3. The high power lens C1 is a Canon wide angle lens, and the high speed camera C2 is a Phantom Miron LAB320 high speed camera with a resolution of 1920 x 1200, and can take 1380 photos per second. The high-power lens C1 is matched with the high-speed camera C2, so that high-speed photographing of the drilling process can be realized, data collection and analysis are carried out through the storage processor C3, and the action process between the cutting edge and the laminated material and the interlayer layering generation process in the process of drilling the laminated layer can be recorded. The deformation and deflection of laminated materials in the drilling process can be observed frame by frame, and the inherent relation among the material deflection and deflection, the cutting process and the cutting force can be determined by combining the cutting force recording result of the cutting force measuring system.

The follow-up recovery device D comprises a flexible dust suction pipe D1, a high-pressure fan D2 and a chip sorting and recovering device D3. The flexible dust collection pipe D1 is connected with the high-pressure fan D2 and is attached to the clamp A6, so that cutting chips, dust and the like generated in the drilling process are removed in a follow-up mode, the observation and recording of the high-speed observation system on the cutting process are prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the cutting chips and the dust scatter, and meanwhile composite material powder is prevented from entering the inside of a machine tool and influencing the service life of the machine tool, the high-speed observation system and other equipment.

According to the invention, the cutting process and the material deformation process are effectively recorded through the high-speed observation system, the change process of the cutting force in different states is recorded by using the cutting force measurement system, and the interlayer gap generation and damage formation engineering during laminated drilling is further determined, so that a damage generation mechanism is analyzed, guidance is provided for tool design and process formulation, and experimental support is provided for the cutting theory explanation of the heterogeneous interface of the laminated structure.

Claims

1. An experimental device for drilling a laminated structure realizes synchronous real-time recording of the action process of a cutting edge and a material and the forming process of an interlayer clearance in the high-speed drilling process by installing a high-speed microscopic observation system, and analyzes picture records to obtain the specific size of the interlayer clearance; the cutting force on-line measuring system is utilized to realize dynamic monitoring of the cutting force in the forming process of deformation, cutting damage and the like; a follow-up recovery device is added to realize effective recovery of cuttings and dust, so that green processing is realized;

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the experimental device for drilling the laminated structure comprises a laminated drilling device (A), a cutting force online measurement system (B), a high-speed observation system (C) and a follow-up recovery device (D);

the laminated drilling device (A) comprises a machine tool main shaft (A1), a tool holder (A2), a drill (A3), a laminated upper layer plate (A4), a laminated lower layer plate (A5), a clamp (A6) and a workbench (A7); the machine tool spindle (A1), the tool shank (A2) and the drill (A3) are sequentially connected and are integrally positioned above a laminated material formed by a laminated upper layer plate (A4) and a laminated lower layer plate (A5); the laminated material is fixed on a dynamometer (B1) through a clamp (A6), the dynamometer (B1) is installed on a workbench (A7), and the dynamometer are connected through bolts; the rotation and the feeding of a tool shank (A2) and a drill bit (A3) are controlled by adjusting a machine tool spindle (A1), so that the drilling processing of the laminated material is realized;

the cutting force online measuring system (B) comprises a dynamometer (B1), an amplifier (B2), a data acquisition card (B3) and an industrial personal computer (B4); cutting force data in the drilling process are collected through a dynamometer (B1), collected signals are processed through an amplifier (B2) and an acquisition card B3, and finally stored in an industrial personal computer (B4);

the high-speed observation system (C) comprises a high-power lens (C1), a high-speed camera (C2) and a storage processor (C3); arranging a high-power lens (C1) on a high-speed camera (C2) to realize high-speed photographing of the drilling process, and performing data collection and analysis through a storage processor (C3) to clearly determine the corresponding process between the cutting process and the interlayer layering generation;

the follow-up recovery device (D) comprises a flexible dust suction pipe (D1), a high pressure fan (D2) and a chip sorting and recovering device (D3); the flexible dust collection pipe (D1) is connected with the high pressure fan (D2), is integrally arranged on the chip sorting and recycling device (D3), is attached and fixed on the clamp (A6), and removes dust and chips generated in the drilling process in a follow-up manner.