CN110879332B - Single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for small current grounding system - Google Patents

Single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for small current grounding system Download PDF

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CN110879332B
CN110879332B CN201911230504.1A CN201911230504A CN110879332B CN 110879332 B CN110879332 B CN 110879332B CN 201911230504 A CN201911230504 A CN 201911230504A CN 110879332 B CN110879332 B CN 110879332B
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grounding
line
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CN110879332A (en
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王栎涛
石勇
侯炜
陈俊
倪群辉
曾先锋
丁勇
陶征
蒋顺平
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NR Electric Co Ltd
NR Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a phase selection method suitable for a single-phase earth fault of a small current grounding system, in particular to a phase selection line selection device which is used for connecting phase voltages, zero sequence voltages and zero sequence currents of line intervals of a bus into the small current grounding system; when the system normally operates, the phase selection and line selection device accurately calculates system related parameters according to bus zero sequence voltage and each branch zero sequence current collected in the experiment by performing single-phase grounding experiments of different phases at a certain outlet interval; therefore, when single-phase grounding occurs, the grounding current of the fault point is obtained according to the obtained system parameters, then phase selection is carried out according to the phase of the current, and line selection can be further completed. By adopting the phase selection method, the problem of fault phase selection when a small current grounding system generates single-phase grounding can be solved, and technical support is provided for fault line selection and grounding arc extinction.

Description

Single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for small current grounding system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power systems, and relates to a phase selection method for a single-phase earth fault in a low-current grounding mode.
Background
The single-phase earth fault is the fault form with the highest probability of occurrence in each voltage class power system. For a small current grounding system, if the phase selection can be rapidly and accurately carried out when single-phase grounding occurs, the damage caused by grounding faults can be rapidly reduced or even eliminated by taking measures. At present, the research on single-phase earth faults is mostly focused on the line selection, but the research on earth phase selection is less developed. The common phase selection method for the single-phase earth fault at present comprises the following steps:
(1) and on the basis of strict symmetry of the system, judging according to the zero sequence voltage track.
(2) And performing grounding identification by adopting a phase vector method.
The above-described method has significant limitations.
The method (1) is only suitable for three-phase strictly symmetrical working conditions, but has poor applicability to most application occasions.
The method (2) does not calculate the influence of the insulation resistance of the line, the asymmetry is used as a real number for analysis, and the zero sequence voltage track provided lacks general applicability.
Due to different grounding modes, power grid structures and load properties, single-phase grounding conditions are different. The use of the above method is therefore greatly limited. If the phase selection cannot be accurately performed during the fault, technical support cannot be provided for fault processing, and even the originally relatively light single-phase earth fault becomes a serious phase-to-phase fault. Therefore, it is necessary to research a single-phase earth fault phase selection suitable for most small-current grounding mode power systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for a low-current earth system, which has both accuracy and applicability to a three-phase symmetric system and an asymmetric system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for a small current grounding system comprises the following steps:
step (1), establishing an equation to express a formula of zero-sequence current of a line, ground current and zero-sequence voltage generated by system electromotive force and branch ground equivalent admittance according to a single-phase earth fault equivalent circuit, wherein the formula comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000021
in the formula
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000022
Is the zero-sequence current of the line,
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000023
the current to ground generated for the system electromotive force,
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000024
is zero sequence voltage, YCEquivalent admittance to ground for the branch;
when the step (2) is in normal operation, the branch zero sequence current of different outgoing lines in different phase-to-phase single-phase grounding is measured through a single-phase grounding test
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000025
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000026
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000027
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000028
is equal to
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000231
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000232
is obtained by
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000233
And YC；
After the single-phase earth fault occurs in the step (3), the method will be implemented
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000212
YC、
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000213
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000214
substituting type (calculating fault point to earth current)
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000215
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000216
Step (4) to obtain
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000217
The phase of the three-phase voltage is compared with the phase of the three-phase voltage, and the phase with the same phase is the grounding phase.
Further, in the above scheme, the step (2) specifically includes:
when the device is in normal operation, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on a certain phase at a certain outlet interval, and corresponding signals can be acquired
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000218
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000219
then, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on the other phase to obtain another group of corresponding
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000220
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000221
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000222
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000223
equal, will be twice
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000224
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000225
solving parameters of non-fault line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000226
And YC(ii) a Then changing different outgoing line intervals to repeatedly perform tests to obtain all branches
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000227
And YC。
Further, in the above scheme, in the step (2), in order to improve the calculation accuracy, a plurality of phase-by-phase single-phase grounding tests are performed on different outgoing lines to verify and solve
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000228
And YCThe result of (1).
Further, the above scheme also includes the step (5) of calculating according to each line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000229
And corresponding ground phase voltage
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000230
The line-to-ground power is calculated for each line using the following equation:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000031
and comparing the average grounding power of each line after the lines are grounded for a period of time, wherein the maximum line is the grounding line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, an equation is established according to the single-phase grounding equivalent current, related system parameters are obtained through the zero sequence current obtained by carrying out single-phase grounding tests on different phases of different outlet intervals, and then when single-phase grounding occurs, the fault point grounding current is calculated according to the obtained system parameters, so that the grounding phase is judged according to the phase of the grounding current. Meanwhile, line selection can be carried out according to the grounding power. The method has high applicability, and can be applied to a three-phase symmetric system or an asymmetric system. Meanwhile, the method has extremely high accuracy, and system parameters required by phase selection can be accurately obtained through multiple times of calculation and continuous verification.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a phase selection method for a single-phase ground fault in a low-current grounding system.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a phase selection method for a single-phase ground fault in a low-current grounding system.
Fig. 3 is a single-phase grounding system fault equivalent wiring diagram.
Fig. 4 is a single-phase grounding phase-selecting and line-selecting wiring schematic diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an embodiment of a single-phase ground fault phase selection method suitable for a low-current grounding system is shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
step (1): according to the equivalent circuit of the single-phase earth fault, an equation is established to express the following formulas of the zero-sequence current of the line, the ground current generated by the system electromotive force, the zero-sequence voltage and the branch circuit equivalent admittance to the ground:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000032
in the formula
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000033
Is the zero-sequence current of the line,
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000034
the current to ground generated for the system electromotive force,
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000035
is zero sequence voltage, YCEquivalent admittance to ground for the branch;
step (2): when the single-phase grounding test is in normal operation, the zero sequence current of the branch circuit is measured when different outgoing lines are grounded in different phases and single phases
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000041
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000042
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000043
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000044
is equal to
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000045
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000046
is obtained by
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000047
And YC。
The specific method comprises the following steps: normal transportWhen the device is in operation, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on a certain phase at a certain outlet interval, and corresponding signals can be acquired
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000048
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000049
then, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on the other phase to obtain another group of corresponding
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000410
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000411
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000412
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000413
equal, will be twice
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000414
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000415
solving parameters of non-fault line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000416
And YC(ii) a Then changing different outgoing line intervals to repeatedly perform tests to obtain all branches
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000417
And YC. In order to improve the calculation precision, a plurality of phase single-phase grounding tests are carried out on different outgoing lines to verify and solve
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000418
And YCThe result of (1).
And (3): after single-phase earth fault occurs, will
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000419
YC、
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000420
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000421
substituting type (calculating fault point to earth current)
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000436
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000423
And (4): will find out
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000424
The phase of the three-phase voltage is compared with the phase of the three-phase voltage, and the phase with the same phase is the grounding phase.
Example two:
a second embodiment of a phase selection method for a single-phase ground fault in a low-current grounding system is shown in fig. 2, and includes the following steps:
step (1): according to the equivalent circuit of the single-phase earth fault, an equation is established to express the following formulas of the zero-sequence current of the line, the ground current generated by the system electromotive force, the zero-sequence voltage and the branch circuit equivalent admittance to the ground:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000425
in the formula
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000426
Is the zero-sequence current of the line,
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000427
is system electricityThe current to ground generated by the kinetic force,
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000428
is zero sequence voltage, YCEquivalent admittance to ground for the branch;
step (2): when the single-phase grounding test is in normal operation, the zero sequence current of the branch circuit is measured when different outgoing lines are grounded in different phases and single phases
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000429
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000430
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000431
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000432
is equal to
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000433
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000434
is obtained by
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000435
And YC。
The specific method comprises the following steps: when the device is in normal operation, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on a certain phase at a certain outlet interval, and corresponding signals can be acquired
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000051
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000052
then, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on the other phase to obtain another group of corresponding
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000053
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000054
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000055
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000056
equal, will be twice
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000057
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000058
solving parameters of non-fault line
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000059
And YC(ii) a Then changing different outgoing line intervals to repeatedly perform tests to obtain all branches
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000510
And YC. In order to improve the calculation precision, a plurality of phase single-phase grounding tests are carried out on different outgoing lines to verify and solve
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000511
And YCThe result of (1).
And (3): after single-phase earth fault occurs, will
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000512
YC、
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000513
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000514
substituting type (calculating fault point to earth current)
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000515
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000516
And (4): will find out
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000517
The phase of the three-phase voltage is compared with the phase of the three-phase voltage, and the phase with the same phase is the grounding phase.
Step (5) calculation according to each line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000518
And corresponding ground phase voltage
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000519
The line-to-ground power is calculated for each line using the following equation:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000520
and comparing the average grounding power of each line after the lines are grounded for a period of time, wherein the maximum line is the grounding line.
Example three:
an embodiment of a single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for a low-current grounding system comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the equivalent wiring diagram of the single-phase grounding system fault in fig. 3 and the wiring schematic diagram of the single-phase grounding phase-selection line in fig. 4, the following equations are listed:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000521
in the formula:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000522
zero sequence current on the line;
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000523
respectively are bus three-phase voltage;
rA、rB、rCthree phases of earth leakage resistances of the circuit are respectively;
CA、CB、CCrespectively, the three-phase earth capacitance of the line.
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000061
In the formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000062
three-phase power electromotive force respectively;
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000063
is a zero sequence voltage.
Substituting the formula II into the formula I and arranging to obtain the following formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000064
introducing variables
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000065
And YCWherein, in the step (A),
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000066
current to ground, Y, generated for system electromotive forceCEquivalent admittance to ground for the branch; wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000067
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000068
substituting the formulas (iv), (v) into (iii) can obtain the following formulas:
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000069
when single-phase grounding occurs, the zero-sequence current of the fault line is shown as follows:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000610
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000611
in order for the fault point to be a current to ground,
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000612
is a branch zero sequence current.
The fault-to-ground current is thus as follows:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000613
step (2): due to the fact that
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000071
rA、rB、rC、CA、CB、CCAre all constant in
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000072
And YCAre all constants.
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000073
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000074
can be directly collected, and can be used in normal operationA single-phase grounding test is carried out on a certain phase at a certain outlet interval, and corresponding signals can be acquired
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000075
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000076
then, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on the other phase to obtain another group of corresponding
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000077
And
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000078
non-faulty line
Figure RE-GDA0002367298230000079
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000710
equal, will be twice
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000711
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000712
solving parameters of non-fault line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000713
And YC. Then changing different outgoing line intervals to repeatedly perform tests to obtain all branches
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000714
And YC. In order to improve the calculation precision, a plurality of phase single-phase grounding tests can be carried out on different outgoing lines to verify and solve
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000715
And YCThe result of (1).
In case of failure in step (3), because
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000716
And YCHas been obtained according to the formula
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000717
And
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000718
can be obtained by substituting formula
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000719
Step (4) is according to
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000720
In a clear view of the above, it is known that,
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000721
to ground phase
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000722
The phase voltages are in phase. Therefore, will
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000723
And the phase is compared with the phase of the three-phase voltage, so that the grounding phase selection can be completed. In the formula RfaultIs a fault point transition resistance.
Step (5) calculation according to each line
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000724
And corresponding ground phase voltage
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000725
The average active power to the average for each line is calculated using the following equation:
Figure RE-GDA00023672982300000726
and (6) calculating the earth power of each line according to the formula ninthly, and comparing the average earth power of each line after being grounded for a period of time, wherein the maximum line is the grounded line.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for a low-current grounding system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): according to the equivalent circuit of the single-phase earth fault, an equation is established to express the following formulas of the zero-sequence current of the line, the ground current generated by the system electromotive force, the zero-sequence voltage and the branch circuit equivalent admittance to the ground:
Figure FDA0003461741430000011
in the formula
Figure FDA0003461741430000012
Is the zero-sequence current of the line,
Figure FDA0003461741430000013
the current to ground generated for the system electromotive force,
Figure FDA0003461741430000014
is zero sequence voltage, YCEquivalent admittance to ground for the branch;
step (2): when the single-phase grounding test is in normal operation, the zero sequence current of the branch circuit is measured when different outgoing lines are grounded in different phases and single phases
Figure FDA0003461741430000015
Zero sequence voltage collected from bus connected with branch
Figure FDA0003461741430000016
Non-faulty line
Figure FDA0003461741430000017
And
Figure FDA0003461741430000018
is equal to
Figure FDA0003461741430000019
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000110
is obtained by
Figure FDA00034617414300000111
And YC；
And (3): after single-phase earth fault occurs, will
Figure FDA00034617414300000112
YC、
Figure FDA00034617414300000113
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000114
substituting type (calculating fault point to earth current)
Figure FDA00034617414300000115
Figure FDA00034617414300000116
And (4): will find out
Figure FDA00034617414300000117
Phase of and three-phase powerThe phase of the voltage is compared with the phase of the ground, and the phase with the same phase is the ground phase.
2. The single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for the low-current grounding system according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) specifically comprises:
when the device is in normal operation, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on a certain phase at a certain outlet interval, and corresponding signals can be acquired
Figure FDA00034617414300000118
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000119
then, a single-phase grounding test is carried out on the other phase to obtain another group of corresponding
Figure FDA00034617414300000120
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000121
non-faulty line
Figure FDA00034617414300000122
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000123
equal, will be twice
Figure FDA00034617414300000124
And
Figure FDA00034617414300000125
solving parameters of non-fault line
Figure FDA00034617414300000126
And YC(ii) a Then changing different outgoing line intervals to repeatedly perform tests to obtain all branches
Figure FDA00034617414300000127
And YC。
3. The single-phase earth fault phase selection method suitable for small current grounding system as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step (2), to improve the calculation accuracy, a plurality of phase single-phase grounding tests are performed on different outgoing lines to verify the solution
Figure FDA0003461741430000021
And YCThe result of (1).
4. The single-phase earth fault phase selection method for small current grounding system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step (5) of calculating according to each line
Figure FDA0003461741430000022
And corresponding ground phase voltage
Figure FDA0003461741430000023
The line-to-ground power is calculated for each line using the following equation:
Figure FDA0003461741430000024
and comparing the average grounding power of each line after the lines are grounded for a period of time, wherein the maximum line is the grounding line.
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