CN110876911A - Isothermal converter - Google Patents

Isothermal converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110876911A
CN110876911A CN201911069700.5A CN201911069700A CN110876911A CN 110876911 A CN110876911 A CN 110876911A CN 201911069700 A CN201911069700 A CN 201911069700A CN 110876911 A CN110876911 A CN 110876911A
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gas
heat exchange
cavity
furnace body
furnace
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许仁春
徐洁
付瑞强
相红霞
左晶文
代小波
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Ningbo Engineering Co Ltd
Sinopec Ningbo Technology Research Institute
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Ningbo Engineering Co Ltd
Sinopec Ningbo Technology Research Institute
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Priority to CN201911069700.5A priority Critical patent/CN110876911A/en
Publication of CN110876911A publication Critical patent/CN110876911A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0285Heating or cooling the reactor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/12Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C01B3/16Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10KPURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/02Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
    • C10K3/04Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00115Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00132Tubes

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an isothermal converter, which comprises a furnace body, a heat exchange tube and a conversion gas collecting pipeline, wherein the furnace body is provided with a furnace inlet and a furnace outlet; the method is characterized in that: each heat exchange tube is vertically arranged and arranged outside the conversion gas collecting pipeline, the upper end part of each heat exchange tube is connected to the upper tube plate, and the lower end part of each heat exchange tube is connected to the floating tube box; the upper tube plate is transversely arranged in the furnace body to divide the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; the floating pipe box is accommodated at the lower part of the lower cavity and is not directly connected with the furnace body; the inlet of the floating tube box is connected with an out-of-bound boiler water source, and the outlet of the upper cavity is communicated with an out-of-bound steam recovery device; a partition plate is arranged in the lower cavity, and a raw material gas inlet on the furnace body is connected with a gas distributor through the cavity and a raw material gas conveying channel; the gas distributor uniformly delivers the feed gas to the reaction zone between the shift gas collecting pipeline and the gas distributor.

Description

Isothermal converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a CO shift reactor, in particular to an isothermal shift furnace.
Background
In the process of designing the high-concentration CO conversion flow generated by gasifying pulverized coal in China, a heat-insulating conversion furnace is frequently adopted as the conversion furnace. Because the CO content in the crude synthesis gas is high and the shift reaction is a strong heat release process, the shift unit adopts a plurality of adiabatic furnaces in series connection in the process, and the reaction heat is removed among the furnaces. The method also causes a series of problems of more complex conversion flow, more conversion furnaces, large system pressure drop, high equipment investment, difficult temperature control of the conversion furnaces and the like of the traditional high-concentration CO conversion process.
The isothermal shift converter has a simple working principle, a heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the isothermal shift converter, and when CO shift reaction occurs in the converter, reaction heat is removed in a boiler water supply and byproduct steam mode, so that the temperature of a catalyst bed layer can be kept basically constant. Although the working principle of the isothermal converter is simple, the requirements on the isothermal converter are high in the engineering design and the actual operation process of the device, the reaction heat can be removed in time, the distribution of the converted gas is uniform, and meanwhile, the heat stress concentration of each component in the converter is a key and important problem due to the high conversion temperature.
The Chinese patent with application number 201620153805.4 applies for a double-ball-cavity controllable heat transfer shift reactor, but the connection and support measures of the heat exchange tube are not reasonable enough, and the main problems are as follows:
when the heat exchange tubes are connected with the upper sphere and the lower sphere, the arrangement form and the distance of the tubes are required to be adjusted by bending the upper end and the lower end of most of the heat exchange tubes, and the curvature radius of the heat exchange tubes is continuously changed on the sector when the heat exchange tubes are bent. The difficulty of processing and manufacturing when the heat exchange tubes are arranged is increased, and the heat exchange tubes are easy to bend and deform under the combined action of self gravity and material gravity in the tubes when the heat exchange tubes are in a working state.
The upper and lower spheres are respectively connected with the upper and lower seal heads and are positioned on the axis of the furnace body. The connection between the two ends of the heat exchange tube close to the axis of the furnace body and the upper and lower spheres is approximate to a straight line, the thermal deformation displacement of the heat exchange tube is not absorbed by expansion joints or natural bending, and the thermal expansion force directly acts on the weak connection part of the welding line, so that the local thermal stress at the connection part between the heat exchange tube and the upper and lower spheres exceeds the standard, and when the thermal stress reaches the yield strength of the material, the material is converted from elastic deformation to plastic deformation until the material is damaged. If the heat exchange tube is broken once, when the pressure in the tube is higher than the pressure on the tube side, the steam-water mixture in the tube can overflow to destroy the catalyst bed. And when the pressure in the pipe is greater than the pressure on the side of the pipe, the transformed gas can be leaked into a steam system, and great potential safety hazards exist in production. In addition, the heat expansion of the heat exchange tube is easy to cause self distortion and deformation, and the catalyst bed layer is extruded, so that the adverse effect on the CO conversion rate and the service life of the catalyst is finally generated.
Chinese patent application No. 201210377926.3, entitled "a CO full radial isothermal furnace", discloses a heat exchange tube structure supported by flat cover tube sheets, which generally employs a method of increasing the wall thickness of the flat plate to improve stability due to poor stability of the flat plate structure. The increase in the plate thickness leads to an increase in equipment investment and an increase in difficulty in manufacturing the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an isothermal conversion furnace which is low in processing difficulty, stable in structure and easy to absorb thermal stress aiming at the current situation of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an isothermal transformation furnace comprises a furnace body, a plurality of heat exchange tubes and a transformation gas collecting pipeline, wherein the heat exchange tubes and the transformation gas collecting pipeline are arranged in the furnace body; the method is characterized in that:
the heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged and arranged outside the conversion gas collecting pipeline, the upper end parts of the heat exchange tubes are connected to the upper tube plate, and the lower end parts of the heat exchange tubes are connected to the floating tube box; the upper tube plate is transversely arranged in the furnace body to divide the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity;
the upper port of each heat exchange tube is communicated with the upper cavity, the lower port of each heat exchange tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the floating tube box, and the floating tube box is accommodated at the lower part of the lower cavity, is hung on each heat exchange tube and is not directly connected with the furnace body; the inlet of the floating tube box is connected with an outdoor boiler water source, and the outlet of the upper cavity is communicated with an outdoor steam recovery device;
a partition plate is arranged in the lower cavity, and the partition plate and the corresponding lower end enclosure part enclose a cavity independent of the lower cavity; the furnace body is provided with a raw material gas inlet communicated with the chamber, and the chamber is connected with a gas distributor through a raw material gas conveying channel; and uniformly feeding the raw material gas into the reaction zone through the gas distributor.
Preferably, the raw material gas inlet is arranged on the lower end face of the furnace body;
the gas distributor is an annular mesh enclosure which is sleeved outside each heat exchange pipe, the lower end edge of the gas distributor is connected with the cavity, the upper end edge of the gas distributor is connected with the inner surface of the furnace body in a sealing manner, and a gap between the annular mesh enclosure and the inner surface of the furnace body forms the feed gas conveying channel; the reaction zone is located between the shift gas collection pipe and the gas distributor. The structure is easy to select materials and has good gas distribution effect.
Preferably, the upper end edge of the gas distributor is 600-1200 mm lower than the top surface of the catalyst bed layer. So as to avoid the influence of short circuit on the composition of the conversion gas outlet caused by the fact that the feed gas directly enters the conversion gas collecting pipeline without fully reacting through the catalyst bed layer.
The furnace body comprises an upper end enclosure, a lower end enclosure and a cylinder connected between the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure; the upper pipe plate is connected to the inner wall of the upper end enclosure. The upper tube plate is arranged in the cavity of the upper end socket, the space in the end socket is fully utilized, and the upper tube plate and the inner wall of a part of the end socket form an independent cavity.
For convenient maintenance, can be equipped with the intercommunication on the upper cover first manhole and the steam discharge port of epicoele, intercommunication the second manhole of transform gas collecting pipe.
Preferably, the second manhole is arranged on the upper end enclosure, preferably, the second manhole is arranged at the axial center of the upper end enclosure furnace body, the upper tube plate is provided with a tube hole, and two ports of the maintenance pipeline are respectively connected with the tube hole and the second manhole; the upper end of the variable gas collecting pipeline penetrates through the pipe hole to be accommodated in the upper cavity, and a detachable upper end cover is arranged on an upper end opening of the variable gas collecting pipeline. The overhaul channel also plays a role in hanging and fixing the upper tube plate, so that the internal structure of the shift converter is further stabilized; and the supporting stress surface is large and the stress is uniform. The catalyst, the change gas collecting pipeline and the reaction cavity can be assembled and disassembled through the overhaul pipeline.
In each of the above schemes, preferably, the upper tube plate includes a downward convex arc-shaped portion and a vertical connecting shell ring connected to the periphery of the arc-shaped portion, the connecting shell ring and the arc-shaped portion are in smooth transition, and the upper end edge of the connecting shell ring is connected to the inner wall of the furnace body. The cylindrical vertical connecting shell ring is adopted to connect and support the downward convex arc part, so that the supporting stress surface is large, the stress is uniform, the hanging structure is adopted, and the structural stability is good. The stress stability of the arc-shaped structure is far higher than that of the flat plate structure.
Preferably, the arc portion is an elliptical arc portion, and the thickness of the arc portion
Figure BDA0002260571530000031
Wherein,
δ is the calculated thickness of the arc, mm;
pcfor the highest design pressure of the upper chamber,MPa;
Diis the inner diameter of the arc part, mm;
[σ]tallowable stress of the material used for the arc-shaped part under the design temperature is MPa;
phi is the welding joint coefficient;
k is the shape coefficient of the elliptic end enclosure of the arc part,
Figure BDA0002260571530000032
hi is the height of the inner curved surface of the arc part, and is mm; when D is presenti=2hiWhen the arc-shaped part is in a spherical structure.
Compared with the conventional tube plate with a flat plate structure, the thick wall of the tube plate can be thinned by 60-85%. Because the wall thickness is in direct proportion to the diameter of the furnace body, the scheme is beneficial to the large-scale of the converter device, and the equipment investment is greatly reduced due to the reduction of the wall thickness.
In order to facilitate maintenance, a manhole of the floating tube box for maintenance can be arranged on the floating tube box; the floating tube box is connected with an external boiler water source through a cooling water pipeline, and an expansion joint is arranged on the cooling water pipeline. The heat exchange tube is fixed on the upper tube plate, the upper tube plate is a reference point of thermal expansion, when the temperatures of the heat exchange tube and the floating tube box are higher than that of the cylinder, the heat exchange tube and the floating tube box expand downwards, and when the temperatures of the heat exchange tube and the floating tube box are lower than that of the cylinder, the heat exchange tube and the floating tube box expand upwards; the design of the expansion joint can effectively absorb the thermal stress of the heat exchange tube and the floating tube box. The heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged, the axial thermal expansion deformation is absorbed by the expansion joints at the bottom, and the number of layers and wave number of the expansion joints are selected according to the thermal expansion amount by the expansion joints; the vertical thermal deformation of the heat exchange pipeline can not squeeze the catalyst bed layer, and further the uniform distribution of the catalyst bed layer can not be influenced. The design of manhole is convenient to carry out leaking stoppage to the heat exchange tube with the problem, and the assembly welding construction of tube boxes is also convenient.
Preferably, the raw material gas inlet is arranged on the lower end enclosure, and a change gas outlet and a boiler water port are also arranged on the lower end enclosure; the transformed gas collecting pipeline penetrates through the floating box and is connected with the transformed gas outlet; the cooling water pipeline is connected with the boiler water port.
Compared with the prior art, the upper tube plate is connected to the furnace body, the heat exchange tube is hung on the upper tube plate, the floating tube box is hung on the heat exchange tube, the whole supporting mode is an inverted hanging type structure, and the supporting stress is stable; the heat exchange tube can be vertically connected with the upper tube plate and the floating tube box without bending, so that the manufacturing and processing difficulty of the shift converter is reduced; the heat exchange tube has single deformation and single stress, mainly takes tensile stress as main stress, does not generate radial deformation, and is easy to control local stress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of a shift converter in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure of the float chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an upper tube sheet structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the novel isothermal conversion furnace includes: the device comprises main components such as an upper seal head 11, a lower seal head 12, a cylinder 13, a furnace body 1, a floating tube box 2, a heat exchange tube 4, a gas distributor 7, a conversion gas collecting pipeline 3, an upper tube plate 8 and the like. The upper tube plate is transversely arranged in the furnace body and divides the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity from top to bottom.
The furnace body 1 consists of an upper seal head 11, a lower seal head 12 and a cylinder body 13 connected between the upper seal head 11 and the lower seal head 12. The center of the upper end enclosure 11 is provided with a second manhole 14, and a manhole cover is covered on the second manhole 14. The lower end enclosure 12 is provided with a raw material gas inlet 37, a shift gas outlet 36 and a catalyst discharge port 53.
The floating tube box 2, fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the floating tube box 2 of the present invention, and a first cavity 25 is formed by a floating box body 2 formed by assembling and welding a first inner cylinder section 21, a first convex end socket 22 with a large hole at the center, a first outer cylinder section 23 and an annular tube plate 24 with a large hole at the center. The first inner shell 21 and the shell 13 are concentrically arranged in a concentric circular structure. The outer diameter of the first inner shell ring 21, the diameter of the middle opening of the first convex seal head 22 and the diameter of the middle opening of the annular tube plate 24 are consistent, and the sizes of the first inner shell ring, the second convex seal head and the annular tube plate are determined according to the size of the converted gas collecting pipeline 3. The first convex end socket 22 is provided with a plurality of pipe orifices 26 and a plurality of floating tube box inspection manholes 27, the pipe orifices 26 are communicated with boiler water pipelines 51, the boiler water pipelines 51 penetrate through the lower end socket 12 to be communicated with an external system, the pipe orifices 26 can be uniformly distributed, and the number of the boiler water pipelines 51 is matched with that of the pipe orifices. The boiler water pipe 51 is provided with an expansion joint 51a for absorbing thermal stress. The maintenance manhole 27 of the floating tube box is used for plugging the heat exchange tube and assembling and welding the tube box. The height of the first outer cylindrical section 23 is determined by the inspection and maintenance operating space of the outer heat exchange tube holes. The first male head 22 may be an elliptical head, a hemispherical head, or a spherical cap head.
An upper tube plate 8, fig. 3 is a sectional view of the upper tube plate structure of the invention, which is composed of a connecting cylindrical section 82 and a lower convex arc part 83 with a through hole at the middle part, the lower end edge of the connecting cylindrical section 82 is connected with the periphery of the arc part, and the connecting position of the two is in smooth transition; the periphery of the through hole is connected with an overhaul pipeline 81, and the upper end edges of the overhaul pipeline 81 and the connecting cylinder section are connected to the upper sealing head. The upper seal head 11, the upper tube plate 8 and the maintenance pipeline 81 are welded to form an upper cavity 84. The service pipe 81 and the cylinder 13 are concentrically arranged and have a concentric circular structure. The outer diameter of the inspection duct 81 is equal to the diameter of the central opening of the arc portion 83, and the size thereof is determined according to the size of the ventilation gas collecting duct 3. The upper head is provided with a plurality of steam discharge ports 52 which are uniformly distributed, and the steam discharge ports 52 are communicated with the upper cavity respectively through the first manhole 15. The first manhole 15 is used for plugging the heat exchange tube and welding an upper tube plate group, and the height of the connecting cylinder section 82 is determined by the inspection and maintenance operation space of the outer heat exchange tube hole. The arcuate portion 83 may be an elliptical head, a hemispherical head, or a spherical cap head.
The arc-shaped part in this embodiment is elliptical, and the thickness δ of the arc-shaped part is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002260571530000051
wherein,
delta is the calculated thickness of the arc in mm
pcThe highest design pressure of the upper chamber, MPa;
Diis the inner diameter of the arc part, mm;
[σ]tallowable stress of the material used for the arc-shaped part under the design temperature is MPa;
phi is the welding joint coefficient;
k is the shape coefficient of the elliptic end enclosure of the arc part,
Figure BDA0002260571530000061
hithe height of the inner curved surface of the arc-shaped part is mm; when D is presenti=2hiWhen the arc-shaped part is in a spherical structure.
The calculated thickness of the isothermal shift converter matched with 3.8MPaG pulverized coal gasification and with the diameter of the furnace body of 3m is about 260mm by adopting a flat plate tube plate structure compared with a tube plate, and the calculated thickness of the arc-shaped tube plate of the invention is about 70 mm. The wall thickness is reduced by 74%. The reduction of the thickness of the plate can reduce the equipment investment and the equipment manufacturing difficulty. Meanwhile, the thickness of the plate is in direct proportion to the diameter of the furnace body, so that the scheme is beneficial to the large-scale of the converter device.
The heat exchange tubes 4 are vertically arranged in the catalyst bed layer in a penetrating way in parallel with the axis of the furnace body 1, and are uniformly arranged in the catalyst bed layer at intervals. The lower end of the heat exchange tube is welded to the annular tube sheet 24, and the inlet, i.e., the lower port, of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the first cavity 25. The upper end of the heat exchange tube is welded with the arc part 83 of the upper tube plate 8, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the upper cavity 84.
The conversion gas collecting pipeline 3 is used for collecting the conversion gas and sending the conversion gas out of the furnace body 1 through a conversion gas conveying pipeline 36, is arranged in the middle of the furnace body 1 and is formed by sequentially and detachably connecting a plurality of sections of cylinders 31, and in the embodiment, the adjacent cylinders 31 are connected through flanges 34; a plurality of air inlets (not shown in the figure) for the conversion gas to enter the conversion gas collecting pipeline 3 from the catalyst bed layer are arranged on the side wall of each cylinder body 31 embedded in the catalyst bed layer, but no air inlet is arranged within the range of 600-1200 mm from the upper interface and the lower interface of the catalyst, so that the situation that the feed gas directly enters the conversion gas collecting pipeline without fully reacting through the catalyst bed layer to cause short circuit is avoided; a plurality of footsteps 32 are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder 31 at intervals along the axial direction. The end cover is detachably connected to the upper end port of the conversion gas collecting pipeline 3, and is communicated with the inner cavity of the upper end enclosure and the second manhole 14 after being disassembled, so that maintainers can enter the conversion gas collecting pipeline 3; the lower port of the shift gas collecting pipe 3 is connected to a shift gas supply pipe 36. The shift gas collecting pipe 3 is also a catalyst loading and unloading passage.
The gas distributor 7 is of an annular cylindrical structure and is of a concentric circular structure arranged concentrically with the cylinder body 13. A feed gas channel 7a is formed by a gap between the gas distributor 7 and the side wall of the cylinder 13, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air inlets (not shown in the figure) for feeding feed gas into the catalyst bed layer from the feed gas channel 7a are arranged on the side wall of the gas distributor 7 embedded in the catalyst bed layer. The upper end edge of the gas distributor is 600-1200 mm lower than the top surface X of the catalyst bed layer. So as to avoid the influence of short circuit on the composition of the conversion gas outlet caused by the fact that the feed gas directly enters the conversion gas collecting pipeline without fully reacting through the catalyst bed layer.
The space enclosed by the gas distributor 7, the shift gas collecting pipe 3 and the upper tube plate 8 is a reaction zone, and a catalyst layer is formed after the catalyst is filled in the reaction zone.
A partition plate 9 is arranged in the lower cavity, and the partition plate 9 and the corresponding lower end enclosure part enclose a cavity 9a independent of the lower cavity. The chamber 9a inlet communicates with the raw material gas inlet 37, and the chamber 9a outlet communicates with the raw material gas channel 7 a.
The working principle of the shift converter is described as follows:
the raw material gas enters the raw material gas channel through the cavity through the raw material gas inlet 37, then enters the gap between the gas distributor and the furnace body to move upwards, and uniformly enters the catalyst bed layer through each through hole on the gas distributor to perform CO conversion reaction to form conversion gas. Cooling water in an outdoor equipment steam drum (not shown in the figure) enters each heat exchange pipe through a boiler water pipeline in a natural circulation mode, the first cavity enters each heat exchange pipe, conversion reaction heat of a catalyst bed layer is taken away, a generated steam-water mixture enters an upper cavity and returns to the steam drum through a steam discharge port to perform steam-liquid separation, and steam is byproduct. The shift gas is collected by the shift gas collection header and delivered to the downstream system via the shift gas delivery conduit.

Claims (10)

1. An isothermal transformation furnace comprises a furnace body, a plurality of heat exchange tubes and a transformation gas collecting pipeline, wherein the heat exchange tubes and the transformation gas collecting pipeline are arranged in the furnace body; the method is characterized in that:
the heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged and arranged outside the conversion gas collecting pipeline, the upper end parts of the heat exchange tubes are connected to the upper tube plate, and the lower end parts of the heat exchange tubes are connected to the floating tube box; the upper tube plate is transversely arranged in the furnace body to divide the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper cavity and a lower cavity;
the upper port of each heat exchange tube is communicated with the upper cavity, the lower port of each heat exchange tube is communicated with the inner cavity of the floating tube box, and the floating tube box is accommodated at the lower part of the lower cavity, is hung on each heat exchange tube and is not directly connected with the furnace body; the inlet of the floating tube box is connected with an outdoor boiler water source, and the outlet of the upper cavity is communicated with an outdoor steam recovery device;
a partition plate is arranged in the lower cavity, and the partition plate and the corresponding lower end enclosure part enclose a cavity independent of the lower cavity; the furnace body is provided with a raw material gas inlet communicated with the chamber, and the chamber is connected with a gas distributor through a raw material gas conveying pipeline; and uniformly feeding the raw material gas into the reaction zone through the gas distributor.
2. The isothermal shift furnace of claim 1, wherein the feed gas inlet is disposed on a lower end surface of the furnace body;
the gas distributor is an annular mesh enclosure which is sleeved outside each heat exchange pipe, the lower end edge of the gas distributor is connected with the cavity, the upper end edge of the gas distributor is connected with the inner surface of the furnace body in a sealing manner, and a gap between the annular mesh enclosure and the inner surface of the furnace body forms the feed gas conveying channel; the reaction zone is located between the shift gas collection pipe and the gas distributor.
3. The isothermal shift furnace of claim 2, wherein the upper edge of the gas distributor is 600-1200 mm lower than the top surface of the catalyst bed.
4. The isothermal conversion furnace of claim 3, wherein the furnace body comprises an upper head, a lower head and a cylinder connected therebetween;
the upper pipe plate is connected to the inner wall of the upper end enclosure.
5. The isothermal conversion furnace of claim 4, wherein the upper head is provided with a first manhole and a steam discharge port which are communicated with the upper cavity, and a second manhole which is communicated with the conversion gas collecting pipe.
6. The isothermal transformation furnace of claim 4 or 5, wherein the upper tube plate comprises a downward convex arc part and a vertical connecting shell ring connected to the periphery of the arc part, the connecting shell ring is in smooth transition with the arc part, and the upper end edge of the connecting shell ring is connected to the inner wall of the furnace body.
7. The isothermal transformation furnace of claim 6, wherein said arcuate portion is an elliptical arcuate portion having a thickness
Figure FDA0002260571520000021
Wherein,
delta is the calculated thickness of the arc in mm
pcThe highest design pressure of the upper chamber, MPa;
Diis the inner diameter of the arc part, mm;
[σ]tallowable stress of the material used for the arc-shaped part under the design temperature is MPa;
phi is the welding joint coefficient;
k is the shape coefficient of the elliptic end enclosure of the arc part,
Figure FDA0002260571520000022
hithe height of the inner curved surface of the arc part is mm;when D is presenti=2hiWhen the arc-shaped part is in a spherical structure.
8. The isothermal shift furnace of claim 7, wherein the second manhole is disposed on the upper head, the second manhole communicating with the shift gas header through a service pipe; a through hole is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped part, the lower end edge of the maintenance pipeline is connected with the periphery of the through hole, and the upper end edge of the maintenance pipeline is connected with the upper end enclosure;
and an upper end cover is arranged at the upper end opening of the variable gas collecting pipeline.
9. The isothermal shift converter according to claim 8, wherein a manhole for maintenance is provided on the float tube box; the floating tube box is connected with an external boiler water source through a cooling water pipeline, and an expansion joint is arranged on the cooling water pipeline.
10. The isothermal converter according to claim 9, wherein the raw material gas inlet is arranged on the lower head, and the lower head is further provided with a conversion gas outlet and a boiler water gap; the transformed gas collecting pipeline penetrates through the floating box and is connected with the transformed gas outlet; the cooling water pipeline is connected with the boiler water port.
CN201911069700.5A 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Isothermal converter Pending CN110876911A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911069700.5A CN110876911A (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Isothermal converter

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CN206430078U (en) * 2016-12-28 2017-08-22 甘肃蓝科石化高新装备股份有限公司 A kind of vertical steam generator
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CN202893318U (en) * 2012-10-08 2013-04-24 中国石油化工集团公司 CO total radial isothermal transformation furnace
CN203916626U (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-11-05 田晓良 A kind of inner/outer drum structure the radial reactor with interpolation pipe heat exchanger
CN104296118A (en) * 2014-10-14 2015-01-21 常州大学 Upright tube plate evaporator
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CN111250000A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-09 江苏普格机械有限公司 Central gas collecting pipe of shift converter

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Application publication date: 20200313