CN110876820A

CN110876820A - Multi-functional gastric lavage device of hospital's treatment usefulness

Info

Publication number: CN110876820A
Application number: CN201911367021.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐贝
Original assignee: Hangzhou Tonggao Innovation Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Tonggao Innovation Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-26
Filing date: 2019-12-26
Publication date: 2020-03-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment, belonging to the technical field of hospital gastric lavage treatment and comprising a bottom plate, wherein supporting legs are fixed at four corners of the lower surface of the bottom plate, a placing seat is arranged at the right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate, a liquid medicine cylinder and a dirty liquid cylinder are respectively arranged inside the two placing seats, a heating pipe is fixed on the inner side wall of the liquid medicine cylinder, a bearing a is clamped on the upper surface of the liquid medicine cylinder, and a rotating shaft a is sleeved on the inner side wall of the bearing a; through setting up pivot an, stirring leaf, heating pipe and temperature sensor, utilize driving motor to drive pivot an and rotate, and then drive the stirring leaf and rotate and stir the washing liquid medicine, cooperate spiral helicine heating pipe simultaneously can heat the washing liquid medicine fast, and cooperate temperature sensor to control heating temperature, make the washing liquid medicine reach suitable temperature, avoid the problem that the cold washing liquid medicine caused uncomfortable sensation in entering into patient's health.

Description

Multi-functional gastric lavage device of hospital's treatment usefulness

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment and gastric lavage in hospitals, and particularly relates to a multifunctional gastric lavage device for treatment in hospitals.

Background

The gastric lavage is one of the commonly used treatment procedures in the treatment process of hospitals, and the gastric lavage refers to filling liquid with certain components into the gastric cavity, mixing the gastric contents and then extracting the mixed liquid for a plurality of times, and aims to remove the unabsorbed poison in the stomach or clean the gastric cavity, be clinically used for preparation before gastric surgery and examination, and be an important rescue measure for acute poisoning such as swallowing organophosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, alkaloid, barbiturate medicines and the like in a short time.

Current lavage device function is imperfect, it is inconvenient to use, lack the heating mechanism to washing liquid medicine for washing liquid medicine can bring uncomfortable sensation for patient when too cold washes, and when the stomach tube was inserted in patient's health by the mouth, patient subconscious can bite the tooth tightly, and then sting easily and cause the damage to the stomach tube on the stomach tube, and influence the lavage progress, simultaneously when using foul solution extraction lack the filtration to it, later stage clearance not convenient for.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment, which solves the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment comprises a base plate, wherein supporting legs are fixed at four corners of the lower surface of the base plate, a placing seat is installed at the right side of the upper surface of the base plate, a liquid medicine cylinder and a dirty liquid cylinder are respectively arranged in the two placing seats, a heating pipe is fixed on the inner side wall of the liquid medicine cylinder, a bearing a is clamped on the upper surface of the liquid medicine cylinder, a rotating shaft a is sleeved on the inner side wall of the bearing a, the top end of the rotating shaft a is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor, the driving motor is fixed on the upper surface of the liquid medicine cylinder, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft a, a liquid suction pipe and a liquid injection pipe are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the liquid medicine cylinder, the liquid suction pipe is communicated with a liquid injection pipe through a flange, the liquid injection pipe a is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of the liquid suction pump, the utility model discloses a stomach tube, including a liquid pump a, a medicine liquid barrel, a liquid pump b, a liquid pump c, a liquid pump d, a liquid pump cover, a liquid pump b, a drive motor, a heating pipe, a temperature sensor, a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, a tooth biting sleeve, a liquid outlet pipe, a liquid, the one end that drawing liquid pump a was kept away from to transfer line c is provided with the shower nozzle, the one end that drawing liquid pump b was kept away from to transfer line d is provided with the drawing liquid mouth, the opening has been seted up on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate upper surface is just to open-ended rigidity has the frame, the upper surface joint of frame has the screw cap, the inside wall threaded connection of screw cap has the screw thread post, the hand wheel is installed on the top of screw thread post, the bottom of screw thread post and the top fixed connection of pivot b, bearing b has been cup jointed to pivot b's surface, and the bearing b joint is at the upper surface of mounting panel.

By adopting the scheme, the rotating shaft a is driven to rotate by the driving motor through the arrangement of the rotating shaft a, the stirring blade, the heating pipe and the temperature sensor, the flushing liquid medicine is stirred by driving the rotating shaft a to rotate, meanwhile, the flushing liquid medicine can be rapidly heated by matching with the spiral heating pipe, and the heating temperature is controlled by matching with the temperature sensor, so that the flushing liquid medicine reaches proper temperature, the problem of uncomfortable feeling caused by the fact that cold flushing liquid medicine enters the body of a patient is avoided, a sewage cylinder is formed by arranging the cylinder body and the cylinder cover, the cylinder cover and the cylinder body are convenient to disassemble by matching of external threads and internal threads, the extracted sewage liquid can be effectively filtered by using the filter screen, impurities in the sewage liquid are separated, the liquid enters the sewage cylinder, the later-stage cleaning is convenient, and the limit slide block and the limit slide groove are matched to facilitate the limit support of the filter screen, and be convenient for change clearance filter screen, through setting up transfer line c, transfer line d, the collar, shower nozzle and drawing liquid mouth, transfer line c and transfer line d pass through the collar and fix at the inside wall of the stomach tube, utilize the shower nozzle blowout to wash the liquid medicine, utilize the drawing liquid mouth to extract the foul solution after washing, and then make the gastric lavage process progress promote greatly under the effect of a spout pump, promote gastric lavage efficiency, through setting up the frame, the screw post, pivot b, mounting panel and tooth sting cover, utilize the rotation of screw post to drive the mounting panel downstream, and then drive tooth sting cover downstream and make it enter into patient's mouth, and then let patient's tooth sting on the tooth sting cover, patient's tooth stings in the stomach tube and leads to the impaired problem of stomach tube when avoiding gastric lavage, guarantee going on smoothly of gastric lavage, function diversity.

As a preferred embodiment, spacing inserted block is all installed on the left side of liquid medicine section of thick bamboo surface and the left side of foul solution section of thick bamboo surface, place the inside wall of seat and seted up spacing slot, the surface of spacing inserted block and the inside wall laminating of spacing slot.

Adopt above-mentioned scheme, insert spacing slot through the spacing inserted block that sets up when placing a liquid medicine section of thick bamboo and a foul solution section of thick bamboo, and then can effectively spacing a liquid medicine section of thick bamboo and a foul solution section of thick bamboo, avoid it to take place to shift the phenomenon of rocking on the bottom plate, place stability good.

As a preferred embodiment, the heating tube is shaped in particular as a spiral.

By adopting the scheme, the spiral heating pipe is utilized to ensure that the heating effect on the washing liquid medicine is better and the washing liquid medicine is heated more quickly.

As a preferred embodiment, an external thread is formed above the outer surface of the cylinder, an internal thread is formed on the inner side wall of the cylinder cover, and the cylinder cover are fixedly connected through the external thread and the internal thread.

By adopting the scheme, the external thread and the internal thread are matched to ensure that the connection between the barrel body and the barrel cover is stable and the later period disassembly is convenient.

As a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the filter screen is in an annular array and is provided with four limiting sliding blocks, the inner side wall of the barrel is in an annular array and is provided with four limiting sliding grooves, and the limiting sliding blocks are connected to the inner side wall of the limiting sliding grooves in a sliding mode.

By adopting the scheme, the four limiting slide blocks and the four limiting slide grooves are matched for use, so that the filter screen can be limited and supported, the filter screen is not prone to shaking in the barrel body, and the filter screen is convenient to detach, clean and replace in the later stage.

In a preferred embodiment, the infusion tube c and the infusion tube d are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the gastric tube through a plurality of mounting rings respectively.

Adopt above-mentioned scheme, come to install fixedly infusion tube c and infusion tube d through the collar for infusion tube c and infusion tube d are difficult for taking place relatively not hard up and installation stability is better inside the stomach tube.

As a preferred embodiment, telescopic rods are installed on the front side and the rear side of the upper surface of the mounting plate, and the top ends of the telescopic rods are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the inner side wall of the frame.

By adopting the scheme, the mounting plate is supported and limited by the telescopic rod, so that the mounting plate can not rotate under the rotating action of the threaded column or move downwards, and the movement stability is better.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment, the rotating shaft a is driven to rotate by the driving motor through the arrangement of the rotating shaft a, the stirring blade is driven to rotate to stir the irrigation liquid medicine, meanwhile, the spiral heating pipe is matched to rapidly heat the irrigation liquid medicine, and the heating temperature is controlled by the temperature sensor, so that the irrigation liquid medicine reaches a proper temperature, and the problem of uncomfortable feeling caused by the fact that cold irrigation liquid medicine enters the body of a patient is avoided;

the multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment is provided with the barrel body and the barrel cover to form the waste liquid barrel, the barrel cover and the barrel body are convenient to detach by using the matching of external threads and internal threads, the extracted waste liquid can be effectively filtered by using the filter screen, impurities in the waste liquid are separated, the liquid enters the waste liquid barrel to be convenient for cleaning in the later period, and the filter screen is convenient to limit and support and is convenient to replace and clean by using the matching of the limiting slide block and the limiting slide groove;

the multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment is provided with the liquid conveying pipe c, the liquid conveying pipe d, the mounting ring, the spray head and the liquid pumping nozzle, wherein the liquid conveying pipe c and the liquid conveying pipe d are fixed on the inner wall of the gastric tube through the mounting ring, the liquid flushing agent is sprayed out by the spray head, and the liquid pumping nozzle is used for pumping the flushed dirty liquid, so that the gastric lavage process progress is greatly improved under the action of spraying and pumping, and the gastric lavage efficiency is improved;

this multi-functional lavage device of hospital treatment usefulness is through setting up the frame, the screw thread post, pivot b, mounting panel and tooth sting the cover, utilizes the rotation of screw thread post to drive the mounting panel downstream, and then drives tooth sting cover downstream and make it enter into patient's mouth, and then lets patient's tooth sting on the tooth sting, patient's tooth stings at the stomach tube and leads to the impaired problem of stomach tube when avoiding the lavage, guarantees going on smoothly of lavage, perfect function diversity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded configuration of a waste liquid cartridge in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the stomach tube section of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. supporting legs; 3. a placing seat; 4. a cartridge for the liquid medicine; 5. a dirty liquid cylinder; 6. heating a tube; 7. a rotating shaft a; 8. a drive motor; 9. stirring blades; 10. a liquid injection pipe; 11. an infusion tube a; 12. a liquid pump a; 13. a barrel; 14. a filter screen; 15. a cylinder cover; 16. a transfusion tube b; 17. a temperature sensor; 18. a liquid pump b; 19. a gastric tube; 20. a dental bite sleeve; 21. a spray head; 22. a liquid drawing nozzle; 23. a frame; 24. a threaded cap; 25. a threaded post; 26. a hand wheel; 27. a rotating shaft b; 28. mounting a plate; 29. limiting the inserting block; 30. a limiting slide block; 31. a telescopic rod; 32. a mounting ring; 33. a transfusion tube c; 34. and (4) a transfusion tube d.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple modifications of the method of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the claimed invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the invention provides a multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment, comprising a bottom plate 1, supporting legs 2 are fixed at four corners of the lower surface of the bottom plate 1, a placing seat 3 is installed at the right side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, a liquid medicine cylinder 4 and a dirty liquid cylinder 5 are respectively arranged inside the two placing seats 3, a limiting insertion block 29 is installed at the left side of the outer surface of the liquid medicine cylinder 4 and the left side of the outer surface of the dirty liquid cylinder 5, a limiting slot is arranged on the inner side wall of the placing seat 3, and the outer surface of the limiting insertion block 29 is attached to the inner side wall of the limiting slot (see fig. 1, 2 and 4); insert spacing slot through the spacing inserted block 29 that sets up when placing liquid medicine section of thick bamboo 4 and dirty liquid section of thick bamboo 5 in, and then can effectively spacing liquid medicine section of thick bamboo 4 and dirty liquid section of thick bamboo 5, avoid it to take place to shift the phenomenon of rocking on bottom plate 1, place stability good.

A heating pipe 6 is fixed on the inner side wall of the liquid medicine barrel 4, and the shape of the heating pipe 6 is spiral (see figure 1); the spiral heating pipe 6 is utilized to ensure that the heating effect of the flushing liquid medicine is better and the flushing liquid medicine is heated more quickly.

The upper surface of the liquid medicine barrel 4 is clamped with a bearing a, the inner side wall of the bearing a is sleeved with a rotating shaft a7, the top end of the rotating shaft a7 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor 8, the driving motor 8 is fixed on the upper surface of the liquid medicine barrel 4, the outer surface of the rotating shaft a7 is fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring blades 9, the upper surface of the liquid medicine barrel 4 is respectively provided with a liquid pumping pipe and a liquid injection pipe 10, the liquid pumping pipe is communicated with an infusion pipe a11 through a flange a, the infusion pipe a11 is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of an infusion pump a12, a liquid outlet pipe of the infusion pump a12 is communicated with an infusion pipe c33, the infusion pump a12 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, a temperature sensor 17 with a probe extending into the drug liquid barrel 4 is arranged on the right side surface of the drug liquid barrel 4, the sewage barrel 5 mainly comprises a barrel body 13 and a barrel cover 15, an external thread is arranged above the outer surface of the barrel body 13, an internal thread is arranged on the inner side wall of the barrel cover 15, and the barrel body 13 is fixedly connected with the barrel cover 15 through the external thread and the internal thread (; the external thread and the internal thread are matched to ensure that the connection between the cylinder body 13 and the cylinder cover 15 is stable and the later-period disassembly is convenient.

The barrel 13 is in threaded connection with the barrel cover 15, the filter screen 14 is arranged in the barrel 13, four limiting slide blocks 30 are arranged on the outer surface of the filter screen 14 in an annular array, four limiting slide grooves are formed in the inner side wall of the barrel 13 in an annular array, and the limiting slide blocks 30 are connected to the inner side wall of the limiting slide grooves in a sliding mode (see fig. 4); through setting up four spacing sliders 30 and four spacing spout cooperations and use, and then can carry out spacing support to filter screen 14 for filter screen 14 is difficult for taking place to rock and be convenient for the later stage to be dismantled clearance change filter screen 14 in barrel 13 inside.

A liquid return pipe is arranged on the barrel cover 15 and is communicated with one end of a liquid conveying pipe b16 through a flange b, the liquid conveying pipe b16 is communicated with a liquid outlet pipe of a liquid pumping pump b18, the liquid pumping pump b18 is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, the liquid pumping pump b18, the liquid pumping pump a12, the driving motor 8, the heating pipe 6 and the temperature sensor 17 are all electrically connected with an external power supply, the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid pumping pump b18 is communicated with a liquid conveying pipe d34, the liquid conveying pipe c33 and the liquid conveying pipe d34 are all arranged inside the gastric tube 19, and the liquid conveying pipe c33 and the liquid conveying pipe d34 are respectively and fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the gastric tube 19 through a plurality of mounting rings 32; the infusion tube c33 and the infusion tube d34 are fixedly installed through the installation ring 32, so that the infusion tube c33 and the infusion tube d34 are not easy to loosen relatively in the stomach tube 19, and the installation stability is better.

The outer surface of the gastric tube 19 is connected with a tooth biting sleeve 20 in a sliding manner, the tooth biting sleeve 20 is installed on the right side surface of the installation plate 28, one end of a liquid conveying tube c33, which is far away from a liquid drawing pump a12, is provided with a spray head 21, one end of a liquid conveying tube d34, which is far away from a liquid drawing pump b18, is provided with an opening, a frame 23 is fixed on the bottom plate 1 at a position, which is opposite to the opening, of the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, a threaded cap 24 is clamped on the upper surface of the frame 23, a threaded column 25 is in threaded connection with the inner side wall of the threaded cap 24, a hand wheel 26 is installed at the top end of the threaded column 25, the bottom end of the threaded column 25 is fixedly connected with the top end of a rotating shaft b27, a bearing b is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft b27, the bearing; the mounting plate 28 is supported and limited by the telescopic rod 31, so that the mounting plate 28 cannot rotate and has better motion stability when moving upwards or downwards under the rotating action of the threaded column 25.

When in use, a doctor places the whole device on a hospital bed and supports the device by using the supporting legs 2, adjusts the position of the device to enable the tooth biting sleeve 20 to be positioned right above the mouth of a patient, then injects a flushing liquid medicine into the liquid medicine barrel 4 through the liquid injection pipe 10, starts the heating pipe 6, the driving motor 8 and the temperature sensor 17, the driving motor 8 drives the stirring blade 9 to rotate through the rotating shaft a7 to stir the flushing liquid medicine, the spiral heating pipe 6 works to generate heat to rapidly heat the flushing liquid medicine, the heating temperature is controlled by matching with the temperature sensor 17, then the stomach tube 19 is inserted into the body of the patient through the mouth of the patient, the hand wheel 26 is rotated to drive the threaded column 25 to rotate, the threaded column 25 drives the rotating shaft b27 to rotate in the bearing b, the mounting plate 28 moves downwards under the limiting effect of the telescopic rod 31 to drive the tooth biting sleeve 20 to move downwards to enter the mouth of the patient, so that the teeth of the patient are bitten on the teeth biting sleeve 20, then the liquid pumping pump a12 pumps the washing liquid medicine in the liquid medicine cylinder 4 through the liquid conveying pipe a11 and the liquid pumping pipe, and then the washing liquid medicine is sprayed out from the spray head 21 on the liquid conveying pipe c33 to clean the stomach, meanwhile, the liquid pumping pump b18 pumps the washed dirty liquid through the liquid pumping nozzle 22 on the liquid conveying pipe d34, and then the dirty liquid enters the dirty liquid cylinder 5 through the liquid conveying pipe b16 and the liquid return pipe, and the dirty liquid is filtered by using the filter screen 14, so that the liquid enters the dirty liquid cylinder 5 and the particulate matter is left on the filter screen 14, after the stomach is washed, the cylinder cover 15 can be screwed down to separate the cylinder 13, and then the filter screen 14 is upwards pumped.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: the utility model discloses a transfusion system, including bottom plate (1), bottom plate (1) lower surface, four corners all are fixed with supporting leg (2), the right side of bottom plate (1) upper surface is installed and is placed seat (3), and two insides of placing seat (3) are provided with liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) and dirty liquid section of thick bamboo (5) respectively, the inside wall of liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) is fixed with heating pipe (6), the upper surface joint of liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) has bearing a, and bearing a's inside wall has cup jointed pivot a (7), the top of pivot a (7) and the output shaft fixed connection of driving motor (8), driving motor (8) are fixed at the upper surface of liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4), the outer fixed surface of pivot a (7) is connected with a plurality of stirring leaf (9), liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) volume upper surface is provided with liquid suction pipe respectively and annotates liquid pipe (10), the utility model discloses a medical liquid infusion apparatus, including infusion tube a (11), infusion pump a (12), drain pipe and infusion tube c (33) of infusion pump a (12), the upper surface at bottom plate (1) is installed in infusion pump a (12), the right flank of liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) is provided with temperature sensor (17) that the probe extends to liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) inside, dirty liquid section of thick bamboo (5) mainly comprise barrel (13) and cover (15), threaded connection between barrel (13) and cover (15), barrel (13) inside is provided with filter screen (14), be provided with back liquid pipe on cover (15), and back liquid pipe is linked together through the one end of flange b and infusion tube b (16), infusion tube b (16) are linked together with the drain pipe of liquid pump b (18), the upper surface at bottom plate (1) is installed in liquid pump b (18), the utility model discloses a stomach tube, including drawing liquid pump b (18), drawing liquid pump a (12), driving motor (8), heating pipe (6) and temperature sensor (17), the feed liquor pipe and transfer line d (34) of drawing liquid pump b (18) are linked together, transfer line c (33) and transfer line d (34) all set up in the inside of stomach tube (19), the surface sliding connection of stomach tube (19) has tooth to sting cover (20), tooth stings cover (20) and installs the right flank at mounting panel (28), the one end that drawing liquid pump a (12) was kept away from to transfer line c (33) is provided with shower nozzle (21), the one end that drawing liquid pump b (18) was kept away from to transfer line d (34) is provided with drawing liquid mouth (22), the opening has been seted up on bottom plate (1), and bottom plate (1) upper surface is fixed with frame (23) just to the open-ended position, the upper surface joint of frame (23) has screw cap (24), the inside wall threaded connection of screw cap (24) has screw thread post (25), hand wheel (26) are installed on the top of screw thread post (25), the bottom of screw thread post (25) and the top fixed connection of pivot b (27), the surface of pivot b (27) has cup jointed bearing b, and bearing b joint is at the upper surface of mounting panel (28).

2. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: spacing inserted block (29) are all installed in the left side of a liquid medicine section of thick bamboo (4) surface and the left side of dirty liquid section of thick bamboo (5) surface, spacing slot has been seted up to the inside wall of placing seat (3), the surface of spacing inserted block (29) and the inside wall laminating of spacing slot.

3. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heating pipe (6) is spiral in shape.

4. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the barrel is characterized in that external threads are formed above the outer surface of the barrel body (13), internal threads are formed on the inner side wall of the barrel cover (15), and the barrel body (13) is fixedly connected with the barrel cover (15) through the external threads and the internal threads.

5. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of filter screen (14) is the annular array and installs four spacing slider (30), the inside wall of barrel (13) is the annular array and has seted up four spacing spouts, spacing slider (30) sliding connection is at the inside wall of spacing spout.

6. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the infusion tube c (33) and the infusion tube d (34) are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the gastric tube (19) through a plurality of mounting rings (32) respectively.

7. The multifunctional gastric lavage device for hospital treatment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: telescopic link (31) are all installed to both sides around mounting panel (28) upper surface, the top of telescopic link (31) is connected with the last fixed surface of frame (23) inside wall.