CN110873478A - Composite absorption refrigerating unit - Google Patents
Composite absorption refrigerating unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110873478A CN110873478A CN201911283440.1A CN201911283440A CN110873478A CN 110873478 A CN110873478 A CN 110873478A CN 201911283440 A CN201911283440 A CN 201911283440A CN 110873478 A CN110873478 A CN 110873478A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 133
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite absorption refrigerating unit, which comprises at least two module units, wherein each module unit comprises a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a hot water generator, an absorber and an evaporator, and each module unit can be configured into the following working modes: the system comprises a high-quality heat source heat exchange double-effect working mode, a waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode and a single-double-effect working mode for simultaneously exchanging heat of two heat sources; therefore, the module units in the whole unit can configure different module units into different working modes according to different types of field driving heat sources and different heat exchange amounts, the maximum recovery of waste heat can be met under various conditions that residual heat water is insufficient or high-grade heat sources are not supplemented or replaced in time, and the maximum refrigerating capacity requirement is met. And two or more module unit circulations are utilized, the concentration of each absorber outlet can be reduced, further the steam driving pressure is reduced, and the exhaust gas temperature of natural gas or a flue gas outlet can also be reduced, so that the energy-saving and synergistic effects are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, in particular to a composite absorption refrigerating unit.
Background
At present, processes such as EO basin liquid cooling, carbon dioxide removal in petrochemical industry, primary cooler cooling in coking plants and the like in petrochemical industry need to continuously provide cold energy for cooling throughout the year. In these fields, waste heat water and high-grade heat sources are generally provided, and therefore, in order to improve the utilization rate of waste heat, a double-effect machine and a single-effect machine are often arranged at the present stage to respectively recover heat from the high-grade heat sources and the waste heat water.
The double-effect machine mainly comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a low-pressure generator and a high-pressure generator. The driving heat source of the double-effect machine is a high-grade heat source. The refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator to cool the cold water. The evaporated refrigerant is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber, the concentrated solution is changed into a dilute solution, and the solution is sent to the high-pressure generator through the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger. The high-concentration solution is heated by a high-grade heat source in the high-pressure generator to become an intermediate-concentration solution, then enters the low-pressure generator to be evaporated to become a concentrated solution, and finally flows into the absorber again.
The single-effect machine mainly comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a hot water generator and the like. The solution loop is as follows: the absorber-hot water generator, the hot water generator is mainly used for heat exchange between the residual hot water and the solution, and the dilute solution is concentrated into the concentrated solution. Namely, the driving heat source of the hot water generator is waste hot water.
From the above description, it can be seen that when only high-grade heat sources or waste heat water exist in the use environment, only one of the double-effect machine and the single-effect machine can be operated, and the other one is in a non-working state, so that the heat exchange areas of the evaporator and the absorber in the unit cannot be fully utilized, the refrigeration capacity is low, and the user requirements cannot be met. In addition, the waste heat water in the single-effect machine circulates in a single section, and large temperature difference utilization cannot be realized.
Therefore, how to realize the utilization of the large temperature difference of the waste heat water, improve the utilization rate of the heat exchange area of the evaporator and the absorber and improve the refrigeration capacity is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite absorption refrigerating unit, which comprises at least two module units, wherein each module unit comprises a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a hot water generator, an absorber and an evaporator, the hot water generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with external waste hot water, and the high-pressure generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with an external high-quality heat source; each module unit can be configured to work in the following modes: the system comprises a high-quality heat source heat exchange double-effect working mode, a waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode and a single-double-effect working mode for simultaneously exchanging heat of two heat sources.
Each module unit in the composite absorption refrigerating unit provided by the invention can be configured into three different working modes, so that the different module units in the whole unit can be configured into different working modes according to the difference of the type and the heat exchange quantity of a field driving heat source, the maximum recovery of waste heat can be met under various conditions of insufficient residual heat water or no timely supplement or replacement of a high-grade heat source, and the like, and the requirement of the maximum refrigerating capacity can be met. And two or more module unit circulations are utilized, the concentration of each absorber outlet can be reduced, further the steam driving pressure is reduced, and the exhaust gas temperature of natural gas or a flue gas outlet can also be reduced, so that the energy-saving and synergistic effects are achieved.
In addition, the machine set formed by the invention has multiple purposes, reduces the equipment investment and saves the occupied space of the equipment.
Optionally, the cold water pipelines of the evaporators in each module unit are sequentially connected in series, and the heat exchange tubes of the hot water generators are sequentially connected in series; and when the hot water circulating system works, the sequence of flowing cold water and residual hot water through each module unit is opposite.
Optionally, solution channels of the absorber, the hot water generator, the low-pressure generator and the high-pressure generator in each module unit are connected in series to form a series solution circulation system or a reverse series solution circulation system;
or each module unit comprises a first solution circulation loop and a second solution circulation loop which are connected in parallel, and the absorber, the hot water generator and the low-pressure generator form the first solution circulation loop; the absorber and the high pressure generator form the second solution circulation loop.
Optionally, the heat exchange tube of the hot water generator and the heat exchange tube of the low pressure generator are integrally arranged in the same box body, and the two are arranged up and down or left and right; the box body is provided with a solution inlet and a solution outlet.
Optionally, each module unit further includes a condenser for exchanging heat between external cooling water and refrigerant water generated by at least one of the hot water generator, the low pressure generator, and the high pressure generator; and the cooling water pipelines of all condensers and all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series, or the cooling water pipelines of all condensers and the cooling water pipelines of all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series and in parallel.
Optionally, the heat exchange tubes of the high-pressure generators are connected in parallel with an external high-quality heat source pipeline.
Optionally, the module unit further comprises a solution mixing box arranged at the downstream of the low-pressure generator, an outlet of the solution mixing box is provided with a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline which are connected in parallel, the other end of the second branch pipeline is communicated with a solution inlet of the absorber, the first branch pipeline is communicated with a solution inlet of the high-pressure generator, so that partial solution in the solution mixing box enters the high-pressure generator through the first branch pipeline, and a solution outlet of the high-pressure generator is communicated with the second branch pipeline.
Optionally, a low temperature heat exchanger and/or a high temperature heat exchanger are also included.
Optionally, the number of the module units is two.
Optionally, the device also comprises a solution pump for providing solution circulation power; or/and the evaporator also comprises a pump for realizing the circulation pumping of the refrigerant water in the evaporator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid absorption chiller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a serial solution circulation loop of a module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solution circulation loop with a parallel module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic partial structural view of a module unit provided at left and right sides of the hot water generator and the low pressure generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the technical problem of low utilization ratio of heat exchange areas of an evaporator and an absorber in the prior art, intensive research is carried out, and a technical scheme for solving the technical problem is provided on the basis of the research, which is specifically described as follows.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite absorption refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a serial solution circulation loop of a module unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solution circulation loop with a module unit in parallel according to an embodiment of the present invention. In each figure, 1A-1A 'and 2A-2A' are both cooling water loops, and 1D-1D 'and 2D-2D' are both loops of high-quality heat sources; C-C' is a waste heat water loop.
The invention provides a composite absorption refrigerating unit which comprises at least two module units, wherein each module unit comprises a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a hot water generator, an absorber and an evaporator, wherein the hot water generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with external waste hot water, namely, the heat exchange tube of the hot water generator and the external waste hot water form a waste heat exchange loop. The high-pressure generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with an external high-quality heat source, and the heat exchange tube of the high-pressure generator and the external high-quality heat source can form a high-quality heat source heat exchange loop.
Each module unit in the invention can be configured to the following working modes: the system comprises a high-quality heat source heat exchange double-effect working mode, a waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode and a single-double-effect working mode for simultaneously exchanging heat of two heat sources.
That is to say, each module unit is provided with hot water generator, the high pressure generator with external surplus hot water, the heat transfer of high temperature quality heat source difference heat transfer to can dispose into at least three kinds of mode: the first mode is a high-quality heat source heat exchange double-effect working mode, namely, the driving heat source is only a high-quality heat source in the state, and the low-pressure generator, the high-pressure generator and the absorber form a solution circulation double-effect heat exchange loop; the second mode is a waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode, namely, the driving heat source in the mode is only waste heat water, and the hot water generator and the absorber form a solution circulation single-effect heat exchange loop; the third mode is a double-effect working mode of waste heat water and a high-quality heat source, namely, the driving heat source in the mode is the waste heat water and the high-quality heat source, the hot water generator, the low-pressure generator, the high-pressure generator and the absorber form a solution circulation single-effect and double-effect heat exchange loop, and the solution loops can be connected in series, anti-series or parallel.
Wherein, the high-quality heat source can be steam or flue gas, and the pressure of the steam is more than or equal to 0.3 Mpa; the temperature of the flue gas is more than or equal to 250 ℃; the lowest temperature of the residual hot water can reach 60 ℃ under the condition that the cold water is discharged at 7 ℃.
It can be seen from the above description that each module unit in the composite absorption refrigeration unit provided by the invention can be configured into three different working modes, so that the module units in the whole unit can be configured into different working modes according to the different types of the field driving heat sources and the different heat exchange amounts, and the maximum recovery of waste heat and the maximum demand of refrigeration capacity can be met under various conditions of insufficient residual heat water or no timely supplement or replacement of high-grade heat sources and the like. And two or more module unit circulations are utilized, the concentration of each absorber outlet can be reduced, further the steam driving pressure is reduced, and the exhaust gas temperature of natural gas or a flue gas outlet can also be reduced, so that the energy-saving and synergistic effects are achieved.
In addition, the machine set formed by the invention has multiple purposes, reduces the equipment investment and saves the occupied space of the equipment.
In particular, experiments prove that when the unit comprises two module units, and the two module units are circularly operated by a high-grade heat source, the performance coefficient of the double-effect machine can be reached, and the COP can reach more than 1.3.
The number of the module units may be two, or two or more, for example, three or more. The number of the module units is two, for example, and the technical effect of the technical scheme is described.
Taking the two module units shown in fig. 1 as an example, for the sake of simplicity of description of the technical solution, the two module units are defined herein as a first module unit and a second module unit, respectively, and the first module unit includes an absorber I1, an evaporator I3, a hot water generator I11, a low pressure generator I13, a high pressure generator I25, and a condenser I51. The second modular unit includes an absorber II2, an evaporator II4, a hot water generator II12, a low pressure generator II14, a high pressure generator II26, and a condenser II 52.
In one specific embodiment, the cold water pipelines of the evaporators in each module unit are sequentially connected in series, and the heat exchange pipes of the hot water generators are sequentially connected in series; and when the hot water circulating system works, the sequence of flowing the cold water and the residual hot water through each module unit is opposite.
As shown in fig. 1, cold water flows from the evaporator i3 of the first module unit, passes through the evaporator i3, and then flows into the evaporator II4 of the second module unit. Then, the external waste heat water flows in from the hot water generator II12 of the second module unit, flows through the hot water generator II12 to exchange heat with the solution, and then flows in the hot water generator I11 to exchange heat with the solution in the first module unit.
By adopting the mode, the utilization of large temperature difference of residual heat water can be realized.
In the above embodiments, the absorber, the hot water generator, the low pressure generator and the high pressure generator in each module unit are connected in series in sequence to form a series solution circulation system or a reverse series solution circulation system.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows the module units forming the reverse serial solution circulation system, and the first module unit is taken as an example to briefly describe the flow paths of the solution, the refrigerant, and the like.
When the driving heat source is only a high-grade heat source, the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator I3 to produce cold water. The evaporated refrigerant is absorbed by the concentrated solution sprayed in the absorber I1, the concentrated solution absorbs the refrigerant to become a dilute solution, the dilute solution can be sent to the hot water generator I11 (through heat exchange but not generating) after passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger I7, the pipeline I47 and the liquid distribution device I9 under the pumping power of the solution pump I5, enters the low-pressure generator I13 after passing through the hot water generator I11, is heated and concentrated into an intermediate-concentration solution by the refrigerant steam generated by the high-temperature generator I25, the intermediate-concentration solution flows through the pipeline I15, the solution mixing box I17 and the pipeline I61, is pumped to the high-pressure generator I25 by the solution pump I19, is heated by a high-grade heat source outside the pipe and is further concentrated into the concentrated solution, then mixed with the intermediate concentration solution from the solution mixing box I17 and sent to the absorber I1 by the solution spraying pump I35 to absorb the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator I3.
The refrigerant steam generated by heating the intermediate concentration solution in the high-pressure generator I25 by the high-grade heat source in the pipe is sent to the heat exchange pipe of the low-pressure generator I13 through the pipeline I49 to serve as a heating source of the low-pressure generator I13, the dilute solution outside the low-pressure generator I13 is heated to generate refrigerant, and the refrigerant is cooled and condensed in the condenser I51 by cooling water and then returns to the evaporator I3 together with the refrigerant condensed by the low-pressure generator I13 with the steam generated in the high-pressure generator I25. Thus forming a complete double-effect solution refrigerant circulating loop.
Certainly, in order to improve the waste heat recovery efficiency, a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger can be added in the module unit, taking the anti-series connection as an example, the solution at the outlet of the absorber I1 flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger I7 to flow into the pipeline I47 and the solution distribution device I9 to enter the hot water generator; the solution flowing out of the high-pressure generator I25 and the solution flowing out of the low-pressure generator I13 are mixed and then flow through the low-temperature heat exchanger I7 together, and then return to the absorber I3.
The intermediate concentration solution flows through a pipeline 15, a solution mixing box I17 and a pipeline I61 and enters a high-pressure generator I25 through a high-temperature heat exchanger I21, and the concentrated solution formed after being heated and concentrated passes through a high-temperature heat exchanger I21 again and then is mixed with the intermediate concentration solution.
As can be seen from the above description, the module unit may further include a solution mixing tank disposed at the downstream of the low pressure generator, an outlet of the solution mixing tank is provided with a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline connected in parallel, the other end of the second branch pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the absorber, the first branch pipeline is communicated with the solution inlet of the high pressure generator, so that part of the solution in the solution mixing tank enters the high pressure generator through the first branch pipeline, and the solution outlet of the high pressure generator is communicated with the second branch pipeline.
The solution mixing box plays a role in temporarily storing liquid to a certain extent and realizing the circulation stability of the solution in the system.
The flow path in the second module unit is the same as above, and is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, cold water enters from the evaporator I3 of the first module unit and exits from the evaporator II4 of the second module unit.
When the driving heat source is only residual heat water, the refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator I3 to produce cold water. The evaporated refrigerant is absorbed by the solution sprayed in the absorber I3, the solution (dilute solution) which absorbs the refrigerant vapor and becomes dilute is sent to the heat exchange tube of the hot water generator I11 through the low-temperature heat exchanger I7 by the solution pump I5, the pipeline I47 and the liquid distribution device I9, and is heated by the residual heat water in the tube to become a concentrated solution which is sent to the absorber I1 through the low-temperature generator I7 by the solution pump I35 (no heat source is introduced and no heat exchange is carried out), the pipeline I15, the solution mixing box I17 and the pipeline I31, and the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator I3 is absorbed.
The hot water generator I11 generates refrigerant steam, which is cooled and condensed by cooling water in the condenser I51 and then returns to the evaporator I3. Thus, a complete solution refrigerant circulation loop under the waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode is formed.
The flow path in the second module unit is the same as above, and is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, cold water enters from the evaporator I3 of the first module unit and exits from the evaporator II4 of the second module unit.
With continued reference to fig. 1, when the waste heat water and the high-quality heat source are both driving heat sources, the refrigerant vapor generated by the evaporator I3 is absorbed by the solution sprayed in the absorber I3, the solution (dilute solution) which absorbs the refrigerant vapor and becomes dilute is sent to the heat exchange tube of the hot water generator I11 by the solution pump I5 after passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger I7, the pipeline I47 and the liquid distribution device I9, is heated by the waste heat water outside the tube and then is concentrated into a slightly concentrated solution, then drops onto the heat exchange tube of the low-pressure generator I13, is continuously heated and concentrated into an intermediate-concentration solution by the refrigerant vapor generated by the high-temperature generator I25, flows through the pipeline I15, the solution mixing box I17 and the pipeline I61, is sent to the high-pressure generator I25 by the solution pump I19 after passing through the high-temperature heat exchanger I21, is further concentrated into a concentrated solution by the high-grade heat source (flow direction 1D-1D') outside the tube, and flows through the high-temperature The mixed solution is sent to a low-temperature heat exchanger I7 by a solution pump I35 and then enters an absorber I1 to absorb refrigerant steam from an evaporator I3.
First refrigerant steam generated by heating waste hot water in the hot water generator I11, second refrigerant steam generated by heating steam generated by the high-pressure generator in the low-pressure generator I13, and third refrigerant steam generated by high-grade heating in the high-pressure generator I25. The first refrigerant vapor and the second refrigerant vapor enter the condenser I51 through the liquid baffle I63, and are cooled and condensed by cooling water (the cooling water is introduced in the direction 1A-1A'). And the third refrigerant steam is condensed into refrigerant after being radiated in the low-pressure generator, enters the condenser, is mixed with the first refrigerant steam and the second refrigerant steam and returns to the evaporator I3 to form a finished cycle.
The flow path in the second module unit is the same as above, and is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, cold water enters from the evaporator I3 of the first module unit and exits from the evaporator II4 of the second module unit.
Of course, the solution mixing tank, the high temperature heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the above embodiments are not essential components, and the low pressure generator may be directly connected to the high pressure generator through a branch line.
In another embodiment, the absorber, the high pressure generator, the hot water generator and the low pressure generator are connected in series in sequence to form a circulation loop. Fig. 2 shows a specific series connection mode, taking the second module unit as an example, dilute solution in the absorber ii2 enters the high-pressure generator ii26 through the low-temperature heat exchanger ii 8 and the high-temperature heat exchanger ii 22, the dilute solution is heated by a high-quality heat source inside the high-pressure generator ii26 to become intermediate-concentration solution, the intermediate-concentration solution enters the hot water generator ii12 and the low-pressure generator ii14 through the high-temperature heat exchanger ii 22, the intermediate-concentration solution is changed into concentrated solution after heat exchange by the low-pressure generator ii14, and the concentrated solution flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger ii 8 and returns to the absorber ii 2.
Namely: the flow sequence of the solution is as follows: absorber ii2 → solution pump ii 6 → low-temperature heat exchanger ii 8 → high-temperature heat exchanger ii 22 → high-temperature generator ii26 → high-temperature heat exchanger ii 22 → hot-water generator ii12 → low-pressure generator ii14 → low-temperature heat exchanger ii 8 → absorber ii 2.
Of course, the series connection sequence of the absorber, the high pressure generator, the hot water generator and the low pressure generator is not limited to the above sequence, and the series connection can be performed in other sequences.
Wherein, the evaporator I3 and the evaporator I4 respectively provide refrigerant steam for the absorber I1 and the absorber I2.
Moreover, each module unit also can comprise a first solution circulation loop and a second solution circulation loop which are connected in parallel, and the absorber, the hot water generator and the low-pressure generator form the first solution circulation loop; the absorber and the high pressure generator form a second solution circulation loop.
As shown in fig. 3, also taking the second module unit as an example, the dilute solution in the absorber ii2 is divided into two paths after passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger ii 8, one path flows into the hot water generator ii12, and then flows into the pipeline ii 16 through the low-pressure generator ii 14; the other path flows into a high-temperature heat exchanger II 22, then flows into a high-pressure generator II26, flows into a pipeline II 28 after being heated, then flows through the high-temperature heat exchanger II 22, then is converged with the solution in the pipeline II 16, enters a low-temperature heat exchanger II 8, and then returns to an absorber II 2.
The embodiment comprises two parallel solution circulation routes, even if one solution circulation of the unit fails, the other solution circulation loop can work normally, and the unit has high use reliability.
In the above embodiments, the heat exchange pipe of the hot water generator and the heat exchange pipe of the low pressure generator may be integrally disposed in the same box, and they are disposed up and down or left and right, and fig. 1 to 3 show the embodiments in which the hot water generator and the low pressure generator are disposed up and down, and fig. 4 shows the embodiments in which the hot water generator and the low pressure generator are disposed left and right. The box body is provided with a solution inlet and a solution outlet, and solution flows in from the solution inlet, contacts with a heat exchange tube of the hot water generator for heat exchange, then contacts with the heat exchange tube of the low-pressure generator for heat exchange, and then flows to an external pipeline from the solution outlet of the box body.
The low pressure generator and the hot water generator are integrated, so that space can be saved, and when the hot water generator is positioned above the low pressure generator, the solution flows under the action of self gravity, so that the circulating power of the solution is reduced.
Of course, the arrangement of the low pressure generator and the hot water generator is not limited to that described herein, but may be otherwise.
As can be seen from the above description, the condenser of each module unit in the above embodiments is mainly used for heat exchange between the external cooling water and the refrigerant water generated by at least one of the hot water generator, the low pressure generator and the high pressure generator.
When the heat source is only a high-quality heat source, the external cooling water condenses the refrigerant generated in the high-pressure generator and the low-pressure generator. When the heat source only has residual heat water, the external cooling water condenses the refrigerant generated in the hot water generator; when the high-quality heat source and the residual heat water work simultaneously, the external cooling water simultaneously cools the refrigerants generated by the hot water generator, the low-pressure generator and the high-pressure generator.
With reference to fig. 1, a flow path is described by taking only a high-quality heat source as an example, refrigerant steam generated by heating a medium-concentration solution in a high-pressure generator i25 by a high-grade heat source in a pipe is sent to a heat transfer pipe of a low-pressure generator i 13 through a pipeline i 49 to serve as a heating source of the low-pressure generator i 13, a dilute solution outside the low-pressure generator i 13 is heated to generate refrigerant, and the refrigerant is cooled and condensed in a condenser i51 by cooling water and then returns to an evaporator i3 together with the refrigerant condensed by the low-pressure generator i 13 with the steam generated in the high-pressure generator i 25.
The working principle of the condenser II52 in the second module unit is the same as that of the condenser I51 in the first module unit, and the details are not repeated herein.
In the above embodiments, the cooling water lines of all condensers and all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series. Or the cooling water pipelines of all condensers and the cooling water pipelines of all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series and in parallel, namely the cooling water pipelines of some condensers and some absorbers in the unit are connected in series, and some condensers and some absorbers are connected in parallel.
In addition, in the above embodiments, the heat exchange pipes of the high pressure generators are connected in parallel with an external high quality heat source pipeline.
In order to provide power for solution circulation, solution pumps, such as a solution pump i5, a solution pump ii 6, a solution pump ii 20, a solution pump ii 36, a solution pump i35, and a solution pump i 19 shown in fig. 1, may be further disposed in the module unit, and respectively disposed in different pipe sections to provide power for solution circulation. Similarly, the above embodiment may further include a refrigerant pump for circulating and pumping the refrigerant water in the evaporator, such as pump i 44 and pump i 43.
It should be noted that, the high-temperature heat source is a high-quality heat source, and the low-temperature hot water is one of the low-temperature heat sources.
The single-double effect composite absorption refrigerating unit provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite absorption refrigerating unit is characterized by comprising at least two module units, wherein each module unit comprises a low-pressure generator, a high-pressure generator, a hot water generator, an absorber and an evaporator, the hot water generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with external waste hot water, and the high-pressure generator is provided with a heat exchange tube forming a loop with an external high-quality heat source; each module unit can be configured to work in the following modes: the system comprises a high-quality heat source heat exchange double-effect working mode, a waste heat water heat exchange single-effect working mode and a single-double-effect working mode for simultaneously exchanging heat of two heat sources.
2. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in claim 1 wherein the cold water lines of the evaporators in each of said modular units are connected in series in sequence and the heat exchange tubes of each of said hot water generators are connected in series in sequence; and when the hot water circulating system works, the sequence of flowing cold water and residual hot water through each module unit is opposite.
3. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in claim 2 wherein the solution passages of said absorber, said hot water generator, said low pressure generator and said high pressure generator in each of said modular units are connected in series to form a series solution circulation system or an anti-series solution circulation system;
or each module unit comprises a first solution circulation loop and a second solution circulation loop which are connected in parallel, and the absorber, the hot water generator and the low-pressure generator form the first solution circulation loop; the absorber and the high pressure generator form the second solution circulation loop.
4. A compound absorption chiller unit as set forth in claim 2 wherein the heat exchange tubes of said hot water generator and said low pressure generator are integrally disposed within the same tank, either in an up-down or side-to-side arrangement; the box body is provided with a solution inlet and a solution outlet.
5. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in claim 2 wherein each of said modular units further comprises a condenser for exchanging heat between ambient cooling water and refrigerant water produced by at least one of said hot water generator, said low pressure generator and said high pressure generator; and the cooling water pipelines of all condensers and all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series, or the cooling water pipelines of all condensers and the cooling water pipelines of all absorbers in the unit are arranged in series and in parallel.
6. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in claim 2 wherein the heat exchange tubes of each of said high pressure generators are connected in parallel to an external high quality heat source line.
7. A compound absorption refrigerating unit as set forth in any one of claims 2-6 wherein said modular unit further comprises a solution mixing tank disposed downstream of said low pressure generator, the outlet of said solution mixing tank being provided with a first branch line and a second branch line connected in parallel, the other end of said second branch line being in communication with the solution inlet of said absorber, said first branch line being in communication with the solution inlet of said high pressure generator so that a portion of the solution in said solution mixing tank enters said high pressure generator through said first branch line, and the solution outlet of said high pressure generator being in communication with said second branch line.
8. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in claim 7 further comprising a low temperature heat exchanger and/or a high temperature heat exchanger.
9. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in any one of claims 2 to 6 wherein the number of said modular units is two.
10. A compound absorption chiller as set forth in any one of claims 2 to 6 further comprising a solution pump for providing solution circulation power; or/and the evaporator also comprises a pump for realizing the circulation pumping of the refrigerant water in the evaporator.
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| CN201911283440.1A CN110873478A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Composite absorption refrigerating unit |
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| CN201911283440.1A CN110873478A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Composite absorption refrigerating unit |
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