CN110873327A - Ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for small pulverized coal boiler - Google Patents
Ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for small pulverized coal boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110873327A CN110873327A CN201911315268.3A CN201911315268A CN110873327A CN 110873327 A CN110873327 A CN 110873327A CN 201911315268 A CN201911315268 A CN 201911315268A CN 110873327 A CN110873327 A CN 110873327A
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- air
- nozzle
- combustion
- pulverized coal
- boiler
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for a small pulverized coal boiler, which mainly comprises an air powder nozzle, a hot air nozzle and a high-position separation air nozzle, wherein the outer shell of the air powder nozzle, the hot air nozzle and the high-position separation air nozzle are all made of high-temperature-resistant and abrasion-resistant metal materials. The high-position separation air nozzle is fixedly arranged on the upper furnace wall and is connected with the high-pressure fan, and high-speed jet flow hot combustion-supporting air is dispersedly sprayed to the up-down and left-right swinging of the burnout area, so that the generation of local high-temperature points can be avoided, the generation of NOx is inhibited, the combustion efficiency of the boiler is ensured, and a basic guarantee is provided for the low-nitrogen emission reconstruction of a small pulverized coal boiler to reach the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler combustion devices, in particular to an ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for a small pulverized coal boiler.
Background
With the gradual improvement of the design and manufacturing level and the development of the combustion technology, the combustion process of the boiler is continuously optimized, the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of the conventional coal-fired boiler basically can meet the requirement of the environmental protection standard, but for the small coal-fired boiler which occupies a certain market capacity at present, such as the medium-temperature and medium-pressure boiler with the temperature of less than 75t/h, the emission capacity of NOx which can be generated by the traditional low-nitrogen combustor is limited due to the special furnace type and the limited hearth space, so that the standard is difficult to reach, and the small coal-fired boiler becomes a big problem which puzzles the enterprises and needs to be solved urge. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an ultra-low NOx emission device especially suitable for low nitrogen reformation of small pulverized coal boilers with medium temperature and medium pressure of less than 75t/h, so as to avoid waste of existing resources and provide technical support for low nitrogen standard emission of such small pulverized coal boilers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the conventional low-nitrogen combustion device is not suitable for a small pulverized coal boiler, and provides the ultra-low NOx combustion device which is scientific and reasonable in structure, stable and reliable in work and suitable for the small pulverized coal boiler to achieve the standard of low-nitrogen emission.
The invention is suitable for the ultra-low NOx burner used on the small-scale pulverized coal boiler, the body includes air powder spout and hot-blast spout, characterized by also including high-order separation air spout, powder process system, boiler fan, flue gas inner loop channel and high-pressure blower, wherein:
the shells of the air powder nozzle, the hot air nozzle and the high-position separation air nozzle are all made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant metal materials;
the air powder nozzles and the hot air nozzles are respectively provided with a plurality of air powder nozzles and hot air nozzles which are sequentially and fixedly arranged on the furnace wall at the lower part of the hearth at intervals;
the high-position separation air nozzles are at least two and are fixedly arranged on the upper furnace wall which has a certain distance with the uppermost hot air nozzle;
the tail end of the air powder nozzle is connected with a powder making system pipeline, and the nozzle is in a vertical swing type and has the function of supplying air powder to the hearth by vertically dispersing and spraying;
the tail end of the hot air nozzle is respectively connected with a boiler fan and a flue gas internal circulation channel pipeline, the nozzle is in a left-right swinging type and has the function of spraying mixed hot air for supplying hot combustion-supporting air and returning flue gas from the tail end of the hearth in a left-right direction;
the tail end of the high-position separation air nozzle is connected with a high-pressure fan through a pipeline, the nozzle is in an up-down and left-right swinging type, and the high-position separation air nozzle has the function of supplying high-speed jet flow hot combustion-supporting air to the all-dimensional diffusion injection of a burnout area at the upper part of the hearth.
In addition, the up-and-down swinging range of the wind powder nozzle is 15 degrees; the left-right swinging range of the hot air nozzle is 10 degrees, and the air speed is more than 35 m/s; the upper-lower swing range of the high-position separation air nozzle is 30 degrees, the left-right swing range of the high-position separation air nozzle is 10 degrees, the air rate of the sprayed combustion-supporting hot air is 30-40 percent, and the air speed is more than 80 m/s.
When the boiler works, the hot air from the boiler fan is used for filling combustion-supporting air and the internal circulation flue gas from the flue gas internal circulation channel to be mixed, and then the mixed hot air with relatively less oxygen content is sprayed to the main combustion area through the hot air nozzle, so that a low-oxygen combustion atmosphere with the oxygen concentration less than 1% is created in the spraying area for the air powder sprayed into the boiler from the air powder nozzle, and the generation amount of NOx and the reduction of the generated NOx in the flue gas are facilitated; the wind powder nozzles and the hot air nozzles are alternately arranged at intervals, so that side wind with the wind speed of more than 35m/s exists around the wind powder nozzles, a protective airflow layer is formed around the wind powder nozzles, the nozzle slagging phenomenon in the combustion process is avoided, and smooth airflow and stability of internal combustion are ensured; the high-level separation air nozzle which is connected with the high-pressure fan and can swing up and down and left and right is used for spraying combustion-supporting hot air to the burnout area at the upper part of the hearth in a high-speed jet flow mode in an all-around diffusion mode, so that the flow field of the burnout area can be optimized, unburned pulverized coal fuel in flue gas and the combustion-supporting hot air are fully mixed and combusted, the defects that the retention time of pulverized coal in a furnace is short and the combustion efficiency is influenced in a medium-temperature and medium-pressure small coal-fired boiler are overcome, the generation of local high-temperature points during combustion in the area is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is inhibited, the standard use requirement of low-nitrogen emission of the small coal-fired boiler is met, and the specific application of a deep air staged combustion technology.
The invention based on the conception is suitable for the ultra-low NOx combustion device used on the small pulverized coal boiler, because of the reasonable structural design of high-order separation air and over-fire air rate, not only the reductive combustion atmosphere is created for the pulverized coal in the main combustion area, but also the hot air nozzle of the main combustion area provides combustion-supporting air doped with the circulating flue gas at the tail part of the boiler, the oxygen content of the main combustion area is effectively reduced, thereby greatly reducing the generation amount of NOx in the pulverized coal combustion process; the high-speed side wind design around the wind powder nozzle can avoid the slag bonding phenomenon of the nozzle under the strong reducing atmosphere, and ensure the safe operation of the boiler; the hot combustion-supporting air with the air speed of more than 80m/s passes through the high-position separation air nozzle and then is sprayed into the upper part of the hearth in a high-speed jet flow diffusion mode, so that the flow field of a burnout area is optimized, unburnt coal powder in flue gas is fully mixed and combusted with the hot combustion-supporting air, the defect that the retention time of the coal powder in a furnace is short is overcome, the combustion efficiency of the boiler is ensured, the successful application of a deep air staged combustion technology to a small coal-fired boiler is realized, and the ultralow emission of NOx reaches the standard. The combustion device has simple, scientific and reasonable structure, reliable work and convenient implementation, has obvious effect in the standard-reaching transformation of the low-nitrogen emission of the existing small coal-fired boiler, fills the blank of the industry, solves the problem of environmental protection and standard reaching of small coal-fired boilers which are puzzled for a long time, and has strong practicability and valuable market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a view in the direction a of fig. 1.
In the figure:
1. air powder nozzle 2, hot air nozzle 3, high-position separation air nozzle 4, pulverizing system
5. Boiler fan 6, smoke internal circulation channel 7, high pressure fan 8, lower furnace wall
9. Upper furnace wall
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the figures and the exemplary embodiments.
In fig. 1 and 2, the ultra-low NOx combustion device of the present invention suitable for a small pulverized coal boiler comprises a main body including an air-powder nozzle 1 and a hot air nozzle 2, and is characterized by further including a high-position separation air nozzle 3, a pulverizing system 4, a boiler fan 5, a flue gas internal circulation channel 6 and a high pressure fan 7, wherein:
the shells of the air powder nozzle 1, the hot air nozzle 2 and the high-position separation air nozzle 3 are all made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant metal materials;
the air powder nozzles 1 and the hot air nozzles 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of air powder nozzles and are fixedly arranged on the furnace wall 8 at the lower part of the furnace chamber at intervals in sequence;
at least two high-position separation air nozzles 3 are fixedly arranged on an upper furnace wall 9 which has a certain distance with the uppermost hot air nozzle 2;
the tail end of the air powder nozzle 1 is connected with a powder making system 4 through a pipeline, and the nozzle is in a vertical swing type and has the function of supplying air powder to the hearth through vertical divergent injection;
the tail end of the hot air nozzle 2 is respectively connected with a boiler fan 5 and a flue gas internal circulation channel 6 through pipelines, the nozzle is in a left-right swinging type and has the function of spraying mixed hot air for supplying hot combustion-supporting air and returning flue gas from the tail end of the hearth to the inside of the hearth in a left-right direction;
the tail end of the high-position separation air nozzle 3 is connected with a high-pressure fan 7 through a pipeline, the nozzle is in an up-and-down and left-and-right swinging type, and the high-position separation air nozzle has the function of supplying high-speed jet flow hot combustion-supporting air to the all-dimensional diffusion injection of a burnout area at the upper part of a hearth.
In addition, the up-and-down swinging range of the air powder nozzle 1 is 15 degrees; the left-right swinging range of the hot air nozzle 2 is 10 degrees, and the air speed is more than 35 m/s; the upper and lower swing range and the left and right swing range of the high-position separation air nozzle 3 are respectively 30 degrees and 10 degrees, the air rate of the sprayed combustion-supporting hot air is 30-40 percent, and the air speed is more than 80 m/s.
When the device works, the hot air from the boiler fan 5 is used for filling combustion-supporting air and the internal circulation flue gas from the flue gas internal circulation channel 6 to be mixed, and then the mixed hot air with relatively low internal oxygen content is sprayed to the main combustion area through the hot air nozzle 2, so that a low-oxygen combustion atmosphere with the oxygen concentration less than 1% is created in the spraying area for the air powder sprayed into the boiler from the air powder nozzle 1, and the generation amount of NOx and the reduction of the generated NOx in the flue gas are facilitated; the air powder nozzles 1 and the hot air nozzles 2 are alternately arranged at intervals, so that side air with the air speed of more than 35m/s exists around the air powder nozzles 1, a protective air flow layer is formed around the air powder nozzles 1, the nozzle slagging phenomenon in the combustion process is avoided, and the smooth air flow and the stability of internal combustion are ensured; the high-level separation air nozzle 3 which is connected with the high-pressure fan 7 and can swing up and down and left and right is used for spraying combustion-supporting hot air to a burnout area at the upper part of a hearth in an omnibearing diffusion mode in a high-speed jet flow mode, so that the flow field of the burnout area can be optimized, unburned pulverized coal fuel in flue gas and the combustion-supporting hot air are fully mixed and combusted, the defects that the retention time of pulverized coal in a furnace is short and the combustion efficiency is influenced in a medium-temperature and medium-pressure small coal-fired boiler are overcome, the generation of local high-temperature points during combustion in the area is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is inhibited, the standard use requirement of low-nitrogen emission of the small coal-fired boiler is met, and the specific application of a deep air staged combustion technology to the.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a be suitable for minimum pulverized coal boiler and go up ultralow NOx burner who uses, the main part includes wind powder spout (1) and hot-blast spout (2), its characterized in that still includes high-order separation wind spout (3), powder process system (4), boiler fan (5), flue gas inner loop passageway (6) and high pressure positive blower (7), wherein:
the shells of the air powder nozzle (1), the hot air nozzle (2) and the high-position separation air nozzle (3) are all made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant metal materials;
the air powder nozzles (1) and the hot air nozzles (2) are respectively provided with a plurality of nozzles, and are fixedly arranged on the furnace wall (8) at the lower part of the furnace chamber in sequence at intervals;
at least two high-position separation air nozzles (3) are fixedly arranged on an upper furnace wall (9) which has a certain distance with the uppermost hot air nozzle (2);
the tail end of the air powder nozzle (1) is connected with a pipeline of a pulverizing system (4), and the nozzle is in a vertical swing type and has the function of supplying air powder to the hearth by vertically dispersing and spraying;
the tail end of the hot air nozzle (2) is respectively connected with a boiler fan (5) and a flue gas internal circulation channel (6) through pipelines, the nozzle is in a left-right swinging type and has the function of spraying mixed hot air for supplying hot combustion-supporting air and returning flue gas from the tail end of the hearth to the inside of the hearth in a left-right direction;
the tail end of the high-position separation air nozzle (3) is connected with a high-pressure fan (7) through a pipeline, the nozzle is in an up-down and left-right swinging type, and the high-position separation air nozzle has the function of supplying high-speed jet flow hot combustion-supporting air to an burnout area at the upper part of a hearth through all-dimensional diffusion injection;
when the boiler works, the hot air from the boiler fan (5) serves as combustion-supporting air to be mixed with the internal circulation flue gas from the flue gas internal circulation channel (6), and then the mixed hot air with relatively low internal oxygen content is sprayed to the main combustion area through the hot air nozzle (2), so that a low-oxygen combustion atmosphere with the oxygen concentration less than 1% is created in the spraying area for the air powder sprayed into the boiler from the air powder nozzle (1), and the generation amount of NOx and the reduction of the generated NOx in the flue gas are facilitated to be reduced; the wind powder nozzles (1) and the hot wind nozzles (2) are alternately arranged at intervals, so that side wind with the wind speed of more than 35m/s exists around the wind powder nozzles (1), a protective airflow layer is formed around the wind powder nozzles (1), the nozzle slagging phenomenon is avoided in the combustion process, and the smooth airflow and the stability of internal combustion are ensured; the high-level separation air nozzle (3) is connected with the high-pressure fan (7) and can swing up and down and left and right, and combustion-supporting hot air is sprayed to the burnout area at the upper part of the hearth in an omnibearing diffusion mode in a high-speed jet flow mode, so that the flow field of the burnout area can be optimized, unburned pulverized coal fuel in flue gas and the combustion-supporting hot air are fully mixed and combusted, the defects that the retention time of pulverized coal in a furnace is short and the combustion efficiency is influenced in a medium-temperature and medium-pressure small coal-fired boiler are overcome, the generation of local high-temperature points during combustion in the area is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is inhibited, the standard use requirement of low-nitrogen emission of the small coal-fired boiler is met, and the specific application of a deep air staged combustion technology to the.
2. The ultra-low NOx burner for small pulverized coal fired boilers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the up-and-down swing range of the pulverized coal injection ports (1) is 15 °.
3. The ultra-low NOx burner for small pulverized coal fired boilers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the horizontal swing range of the hot blast nozzle (2) is 10 °.
4. The ultra-low NOx burner for small pulverized coal fired boilers as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the jet wind speed of the hot blast jets (2) is more than 35 m/s.
5. The ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for the small pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, wherein the upper separation air nozzle (3) has an up-and-down swing range of 30 ° and a left-and-right swing range of 10 °.
6. The ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for the small pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, wherein the air rate of the combustion-supporting hot air ejected from the high-level separation air nozzle (3) is 30-40%.
7. The ultra-low NOx combustion device suitable for the small pulverized coal boiler according to claim 1, wherein the high-level separation air nozzle (3) sprays combustion-supporting hot air with a wind speed of 80m/s or more.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112413569A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-26 | 上海交通大学 | High-speed jet flow over-fire air device with circulating flue gas |
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2019
- 2019-12-19 CN CN201911315268.3A patent/CN110873327B/en active Active
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JPS62263906A (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1987-11-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for blowing pulverized coal from blast furnace tuyere |
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Title |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112413569A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-26 | 上海交通大学 | High-speed jet flow over-fire air device with circulating flue gas |
CN112413569B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-09-06 | 上海交通大学 | High-speed jet flow over-fire air device with circulating flue gas |
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