CN110872679A - Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft - Google Patents

Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110872679A
CN110872679A CN201810991936.3A CN201810991936A CN110872679A CN 110872679 A CN110872679 A CN 110872679A CN 201810991936 A CN201810991936 A CN 201810991936A CN 110872679 A CN110872679 A CN 110872679A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
roller shaft
brake shoe
shoe roller
5crnimo
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201810991936.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁宏军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gucheng Tianxing Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Gucheng Tianxing Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gucheng Tianxing Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Gucheng Tianxing Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810991936.3A priority Critical patent/CN110872679A/en
Publication of CN110872679A publication Critical patent/CN110872679A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/44—Carburising
    • C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/64—Carburising
    • C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft, which belongs to the technical field of machine part processing and sequentially comprises the following steps: blanking, annealing, shot blasting, softening, extruding, rough turning, finish turning, carburizing, precooling and quenching, low-temperature tempering, secondary shot blasting and fine grinding; according to the invention, through secondary heating, cooling, pre-cooling and quenching and secondary tempering, crystal grains can be effectively refined, martensite needles can be refined, the content of residual austenite on the surface layer can be reduced, the mechanical property of the high-alloy carburizing steel gear can be greatly improved, and the plastic toughness index can be obviously improved.

Description

Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine part machining, in particular to a machining method of a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft.
Background
The vehicle brake is an important part of the vehicle and is the key for ensuring the driving safety. Currently used vehicle brakes include drum brakes and disc brakes. The drum brake widely used in domestic trailers, semitrailers and trucks at present consists of a brake bottom plate, brake shoes, friction linings, brake shoe supporting pins, a cam shaft, a return spring, an adjusting arm, a tension spring, a roller shaft, rollers and other parts. When the brake is stepped, the cam curved surface of the cam shaft pushes the roller to open the brake shoe, and a friction lining on the brake shoe is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the rotating brake drum to generate a friction resistance distance to implement braking.
In the prior art, the roller shaft is complex in structure, generally made of 45# round steel through hot forging and machining, complex in forging process and low in production efficiency, and particularly, each surface of a part needs to be machined after forging, so that the machining amount is large, and the production cost of the product is very high. Some factory tests adopt an extrusion process for processing, but due to the factors of unreasonable process design, overlarge deformation and the like, a large number of cracks exist on the surface of a product, and a qualified product cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a processing method of a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft, which can effectively refine crystal grains, refine martensite needles and reduce the content of residual austenite on the surface layer by secondary heating, cooling, precooling and quenching and secondary tempering, so that the mechanical property of a high-alloy carburizing steel gear is greatly improved, and the ductility and toughness index is obviously improved.
A processing method of a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft sequentially comprises the following steps: blanking, annealing, shot blasting, softening, extruding, rough turning, finish turning, carburizing, precooling and quenching, low-temperature tempering, secondary shot blasting and fine grinding;
the pre-cooling quenching comprises the following steps:
1) heating the carburized brake shoe roller shaft to 890 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, and preserving heat for 2-3 h;
2) rapidly cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 h;
3) and rapidly heating the brake shoe roller shaft to 820 +/-10 ℃ for the second time, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours.
Further, the low temperature tempering comprises the following steps: heating the pre-cooled and quenched brake shoe roller shaft to 490 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving heat for 6 hours, and discharging and cooling with oil.
Further, after oil cooling, tempering the brake shoe roller shaft at low temperature once again in an environment of 160 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 hours, discharging from the furnace and air cooling to room temperature.
Further, the softening treatment comprises the following steps: and (4) deoiling, softening, neutralizing, adjusting and cleaning the blank subjected to shot blasting.
Furthermore, the raw material for blanking is 5CrNiMo round steel.
Further, the annealing comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the blank into an industrial electric furnace for annealing treatment, heating the blank to 850 +/-50 ℃ in the furnace, preserving the heat for 5-7h, and cooling along with the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the material utilization rate is improved, the process flow is reduced, and the processing time is saved. Meanwhile, the mechanical property of the whole part is greatly improved, crystal grains can be effectively refined, martensite needles can be refined, the content of residual austenite on the surface layer is reduced, the mechanical property of the high-alloy carburizing steel gear is greatly improved, the ductility and toughness index is obviously improved by two times of tempering, and meanwhile, the wear resistance of the surface of the high-alloy carburizing steel gear is also greatly improved, so that the fatigue strength and the corrosion resistance of the gear are also improved, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the gear is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A processing method of a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft sequentially comprises the following steps: blanking, annealing, shot blasting, softening, extruding, rough turning, finish turning, carburizing, precooling and quenching, low-temperature tempering, secondary shot blasting and fine grinding;
1. blanking: sawing 5CrNiMo round steel into blanks;
2. annealing: putting the blank into an industrial electric furnace for annealing treatment, heating the temperature in the furnace to 850 +/-50 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-7h, and cooling along with the furnace;
3. shot blasting treatment: performing shot blasting treatment on the annealed blank by using a shot blasting machine, and removing oxide skin under the condition of ensuring that a workpiece is not damaged by shot blasting;
4. softening treatment: carrying out oil removal, softening, neutralization, adjustment and cleaning on the blank subjected to shot blasting;
5. extruding: placing the die into a cold extrusion hydraulic press, and finishing the cold extrusion action in a one-step forming mode to obtain a semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft;
6. rough turning: carrying out rough turning treatment on the punched semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft;
7. finish turning: carrying out finish turning treatment on the roughly turned semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft;
8. carburizing: performing carburizing treatment on the semi-finished product of the finely turned brake shoe roller shaft by using a carburizing furnace;
9. precooling and quenching, namely 1) heating the carburized brake shoe roller shaft to 890 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, and preserving the heat for 2-3 h; 2) rapidly cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 h; 3) rapidly heating the brake shoe roller shaft to 820 +/-10 ℃ for the second time, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours;
10. low-temperature tempering: heating the pre-cooled and quenched brake shoe roller shaft to 490 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving heat for 6h, discharging from the furnace, performing oil cooling, performing low-temperature tempering once again at 160 +/-10 ℃ in order to prevent tempering brittleness and eliminate stress generated by oil cooling, wherein the brake shoe roller shaft cannot be cooled to room temperature in oil after tempering, otherwise the brake shoe roller shaft is easy to crack;
11. secondary shot blasting: performing shot blasting treatment on the semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft after carburization treatment by using a shot blasting machine;
12. fine grinding: and (3) performing fine grinding on the inner hole of the semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft subjected to secondary shot blasting by using an internal grinding machine, and performing fine grinding on the end surface of the semi-finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft subjected to secondary shot blasting by using a surface grinding machine to obtain a finished product of the brake shoe roller shaft.
The processing method of the 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft improves the material utilization rate, reduces the process flow, saves the processing time and greatly improves the integral mechanical property of parts.

Claims (6)

1. The processing method of the 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: blanking, annealing, shot blasting, softening, extruding, rough turning, finish turning, carburizing, precooling and quenching, low-temperature tempering, secondary shot blasting and fine grinding;
the pre-cooling quenching comprises the following steps:
1) heating the carburized brake shoe roller shaft to 890 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, and preserving heat for 2-3 h;
2) rapidly cooling to 750 +/-10 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-4 h;
3) and rapidly heating the brake shoe roller shaft to 820 +/-10 ℃ for the second time, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours.
2. The method of machining a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature tempering comprises the steps of: heating the pre-cooled and quenched brake shoe roller shaft to 490 +/-10 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving heat for 6 hours, and discharging and cooling with oil.
3. The method for processing the 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft according to claim 2, wherein after oil cooling, the brake shoe roller shaft is tempered once again at low temperature in the environment of 160 +/-10 ℃, is kept for 3-4 h, is taken out of a furnace and is cooled to room temperature in an air cooling mode.
4. The method of machining a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft according to claim 1, wherein the softening process comprises the steps of: and (4) deoiling, softening, neutralizing, adjusting and cleaning the blank subjected to shot blasting.
5. The method for machining a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft according to claim 1, wherein the blanking raw material is 5CrNiMo round steel.
6. The method of machining a 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft according to claim 1, wherein said annealing comprises the steps of: and (3) placing the blank into an industrial electric furnace for annealing treatment, heating the blank to 850 +/-50 ℃ in the furnace, preserving the heat for 5-7h, and cooling along with the furnace.
CN201810991936.3A 2018-08-29 2018-08-29 Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft Withdrawn CN110872679A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810991936.3A CN110872679A (en) 2018-08-29 2018-08-29 Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810991936.3A CN110872679A (en) 2018-08-29 2018-08-29 Processing method of 5CrNiMo brake shoe roller shaft

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110872679A true CN110872679A (en) 2020-03-10

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112725812A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-30 四川德兰航宇科技发展有限责任公司 Preparation method for improving fatigue performance of upper anvil of hydraulic press
CN114505660A (en) * 2022-03-15 2022-05-17 河北同锐机械制造有限公司 Production process of high-wear-resistance toothed chain wheel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112725812A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-30 四川德兰航宇科技发展有限责任公司 Preparation method for improving fatigue performance of upper anvil of hydraulic press
CN114505660A (en) * 2022-03-15 2022-05-17 河北同锐机械制造有限公司 Production process of high-wear-resistance toothed chain wheel

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Application publication date: 20200310